TW-PRC1099-MS1 TRANS WORLD COMMUNICATIONS TECHNICAL MANUAL Service and Technical Manual RADIO SET PRC1099 GRaNSworts)" ‘TRANS WORLD COMMUNICATIONS, INC. A SED-ATRON company 304 Enterprise Street, Escondido, Califomia, 92029 US.A TELEX 695-433 PHONE (619) 747-1079 FAX (619) 741-1658‘TRANS WORLD COMMUNICATIONS, INC. I A EX-ASTRON compa TECHNICAL MANUAL MS1 RADIO SET PRC1099 eaNswornlod for communications Manual No. TW-PRC1099-MS1 304 Enterprise Street Publication #990324 Escondido, CA 92029, U.S.A. Printed: August 192 Phone (619) 747-1079, Telex 695-433 Revision J3 Fax (619) 741-1658One Year Limited Warranty and Remedies Datron World Communications Inc. (DWC) warrants that its equipment is free from defects in design, mate- rials and workmanship for a period of 12 months from the date of installation of the equipment, but in no ‘event later than 15 months from the date of shipment. Hf the equipment does not provide satistactory service ‘due to defects covered by this warranty, DWC will, at Its option, replace or repair the equipment free of charge. ‘Should it be impractical to return the equipment for repair, DWC will provide replacements for defective parts contained in the equipment for a period of 12 months from the date of installation of the equipment, but in no event later than 15 months from the date of shipment. This warranty is limited to the original purchaser and is not transferable. Repair service performed by DWC is warranted for the balance of the original warranty or 90 days, whichever is longer. Exclusive Warranty: There are no other warranties beyond the warranty as contained herein. No agent, ‘employee, or representative of DWC has any authority to bind DWC to any affirmation, representation, or war- ranty conceming the equipment or its parts that is not in conformity with the warranties contained herein. EX- CEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH ABOVE, NO OTHER WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IM- PLIED, ARE MADE WITH RESPECT TO THE EQUIP- MENT OR THE PARTS CONTAINED THEREIN, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FIT- NESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND DWC EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES NOT ‘STATED HEREIN. Limitations of Warranty: This warranty does not cover: ‘© Physical damage to the equipment or its parts that does not involve defects in design, material or work- manship, including damage by impact, liquids, tem- perature, or gases. © Damage to the equipment or its parts caused by light- g, static discharge, voltage transients, or application of incorrect supply voltages. ‘© Defects or failures caused by unauthorized attempts to repair or modify the equipment. ‘© Defects or failures caused by Buyer abuse or misuse. Return of Equipment - Domestic: To obtain pertorm- ance of any obligation under this warranty, the equip- ‘ment must be relumed freight prepaid to the Customer Service Department. Datron World Communications Inc., 304 Enterprise Street, Escondido, California ‘92029. The equipment must be packed securely. DWC shall not be responsible for any damage incurred in transit. A letter containing the following information must be included with the equipment. Model, serial number and date of installation; Name of dealer or supplier of the equipment, Detailed explanation of problem; Retum shipping instructions; and Telephone or fax number where buyer may be contacted. DWC will return the equipment prepaid by United Par- cel Service, Parcel Post, or truck. if altemate shipping is specified by Buyer, freight charges will be made col lect. eeaog‘Return of Equipment - International: Contact DWC. or your local Representative for specific instructions. Do not return equipment without authorization. It is usually not possible to clear equipment through U.S. Customs without the correct documentation. If equip- ment is retuned without authorization, Buyer is re~ sponsible for all taxes, customs duties, clearance charges, and other associated costs, Parts Replacement: The following instructions for the supply of replacement parts must be foliowed: a. Retum the parts prepaid to “Parts Replacement” Datron World Communications Inc., 304 Enter- prise Street, Escondido, California 92029; and b. Include a letter with the following information: 1. part number, 2. serial number and model of equipment; and 3. date of installation, Parts retumed without this information will not be re- placed. In the event of a dispute over the age of the Teplacement part, components date-coded over 24 months previously will be considered out of warranty. ‘Remedies: Buyer's sole remedies and the entire abil ity of DWC are set forth above. In no event will DWC. be liable to buyer or any other person for any dam- ages, including any incidental or consequential dam- ‘ages, expenses, lost profits, lost savings, or other damages arising out of use of or inability to use the equipment.Technical Manual ‘Trans World Communications, Inc. ‘TW-PRC1099-MS1 304 Enterprise Street Escondido, CA 92029 ‘SERVICE AND TECHNICAL MANUAL - RADIO SET PRC1099 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION AND TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 1 Goneral ......eeeeeeeeeees 1 12 Operator's Manual. el 13 ‘Technical Specifications el CHAPTER 2 - SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE a Scope .... 22 encrall .. 23 Test Equipment .. 7 24 Measurement Techniques. 244 Power Measurement . 24.2 Spectrum Analyzer 2-43 nal Generator ...... 244 Frequency Counter. 25 Routine Maintenance ... 26 Access and Module Removal 26.1 Case Removal . 262 ‘Access. 263 Removal of Modules . 263.1 MI Removal .. 263.2 M4 Removal... 2633 MS Removal 2.63.4 M3/M6 Removal. 2635 M2 Removal 263.6 M7 Removal 2.63.7 Display Module. 2638 ont-Panel 27 Semiconductor Servicing 28 ‘Component Replacement 29 General Fault Location - Table 2-2 bere 5 27 210 Basic Module Fault Location - Table 23 ....-.+. . 228 241 Module Fault Location - Detailed Procedure . 28 241.1 Introduction cer +28 2411.2 Power Supply and Switching. 28213 2a 2415 2116 27 28. 29 340 341 CHAPTER 2- SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE (Continued) Synthesizer and Mixer Assembly M3/M6. 28 M2 IF Module... — 28 MI Audio/RF Filter Module . 29 M4 PA Module .. MS Antenna tuner Module M7 Microprocessor Modul MB Display Module . . CHAPTER 3 - GENERAL THEORY OF OPERATION Introduction... Frequency Conversion Plan Synthesizer ....... Frequency and Function Control Receiver « ‘Transmitter Exciter. Final Amplifier and Filters . ‘Automatic Antenna Tuner. ‘Transmit-Receive Switching. Power Source : Signal Flow Charts CHAPTER 4 - AUDIO/FILTER MODULE, M1 - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Block Diagram Receiver Product Detector ... Receiver Squelch Circuit Receiver Audio Amplifier - HandseU/Speaker Receiver Audio Amplifier - 600 2 Squelch Gates . ‘Transmitter VOGAD . : ‘Transmitter Balanced Modulator BFO (Carrier Oscillator) Low-Pass Filters. . Relay Drivers and Decoders . Receiver High-Pass Filler ...... ALC Detectors and Amplifiers... Low Power Switch. Side tone Switch .... TIR Switching. 2.2.0.6. CW Hold ‘Timer and Gate. Service Data. - Module Interconnections... 243 466-4 6-10 6-11 6-12 6-13, 6-14 6-15 6-16 617 6-18 619 72 13 14 75 16 CHAPTER 5 - 1650-KHZ IF MODULE, M2 - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Block Diagram ....2..620.005 1650-kH1z SSB Filter. 1650-kHz RX IF Amplifier 1 1650-kI1z RX IF Amplifier 2 AGC RF Amplifier . AGC De Amplifier...... 16S0-KEz TX Amplifier. Sidetone Generator . Service Data Module Interconnections CHAPTER 6 - MIXER MODULE, M3 - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Block Diagram .. 30-MIlz Low-pass Filter ... Double-balanced Mixer-RX Mode 75-MHz IF Amp 1-RX Mode. 75-MHz Filter-RX Mode . 75-MHlz IF Amplifier 2-RX Mode... 75-MH1z.to 1650-kHz Mixer-RX Mode 1650-KlIz. to 75-MHz Mixet-TX Mode . 75-MHz TX Gain-controlled ampl ‘75-MHz Filter-TX Mode...» Double-balanced Mixer-TX Mode. Syn 1 Buffer. Syn 2 Buffer. . Squelch Gates ‘Amplifier 1.6 o 30 MIlz-IX Mode. Current Regulator .. 61 [e ‘AME Option. 265 Service Data -..-.-....+. 68 Module Interconnections . 6s CHAPTER 7 - POWER AMPLIFIER MODULE, M4 - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Block Diagram Predriver Amplifier Driver Amplifier Final Amplifier Bias Regulators. Overtemperature SwitchCHAPTER 7 - POWER AMPLIFIER MODULE, M4 - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION (Continued) 11 Service Dat 73 78 Module Interconnections 3 CHAPTER 8 - ANTENNA - TUNER MODULE, M5 - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 81 Design Considerations . 81 82 Matching Network 81 83 Tuning System . 81 84 Tuning Resolution. » 81 88 ‘Tuning Program... 28d 86 Block Diagram. 81 87 Binary Sequenced Indicators si 88 Shunt Capacitors. 84 89 Series Capacitor. 84 810 Current Detector. 84 aul Impedance Transformer. - 84 812 10-dB Attenuator . 85 83 Comparator . 85 84 D/A Decoder 285 Bus Serial Decoder. 8&5 816 Relay Drivers. 283 8:17 Service Data. 85 818 Module Interconnections. 85 CHAPTER 9 - SYNTHESIZER MODULE, M6 - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 9 Block Diagram. 91 92, 5.120-MIlz Reference Oscillator... +91 93 10-KHz Synthesizer . : : 94 94 Loop F 94 95 veo . 294 96 +3223 Prescaler 293: 97 100-Hz Synthesizer . 295: 98 Loop Filter: 95 99 VCXO. 295 ++64/65 Prescaler 197 Dual-Modulus A-Counter 5 9-7 Serial Decoder Logie PS 97 Service Data. 5 SS 99 PRC1099-H1S High Stability Reference Option oe . 97 General. .....2.-+ 97 9-142 Technical Description 97 Maintenance. 297 Module Interconnections. 297 vi10-1 10.2 103 104 105 106 10-7 108 109 10-10 10-11 10-12 10-13 10-14 10-15 10-16 10-17 10.18 10:19 10-19.1 10-192 10-20 10-201 10-202 10-203 10-204 10-205 10-206 10-20.7- 10-20.12 1021 4 CHAPTER 10 - PROCESSOR MODULE, M7 - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION General Description. M7 Block Diagram Microprocessor . Clock-oscillator Cire Reset Circuit, Memory-backup Circuit. Power Failure Interrupt. Port C Latch «2... Control Bus Latch . Input Demultiplexer. Wake-up Control ... CW Tone Oscillator. Voltage Regulators . ‘Voltage-doubler Drive External-Amp PTT Control = 10-1 10-1 = 10-1 = 10-1 = 10-1 210-1 = 10-1 2103 - 103 = 103 = 103 103 103 = 103 +++ 103 | «103 Program Operation Controt Bus 104 ee = 0e in-Test-Equipment Progam Corte General Desrinion eee 104 Introduction . : ee = 10-4 BITE Operation 104 BITE Test Descriptions. . 104 Battery Test. 104 Whip Antenna Test. 104 LCD Display Test. : 104 Processor RAM Test . 10-5 USB Receiver Test.....+.+ 10s LSB Receiver Test = 105 ‘Transmitter Tests ...........+ 10s Module Interconnections .........6+s6cscsseseeeeeseesesseeessseeseeseereeenes 10-5 CHAPTER 11 - DISPLAY MODULE, M8 - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION General Description. ut Cireuit Description. ut ‘Module Interconnect : Ml CHAPTER 12 - CHASSIS/MAINFRAME. General... : : eee 41 vilAl A3 Ad AS A6 AT AS BI B2 B3. B4 BS BS BI BS BO B-10 CHAPTER 13 - TRANSCEIVER INTERNAL OPTIONS Introduction - Ba Remote-Control Handset. 132 General Description ..... 1B2 Circuit Description 132 PRC1O99-NIS HighStahiliy Reference Option + 132 General. : 132 Technical Description. 2 B2 Maintenance. is Amplitude Modulation Option + B2 General Description .. BZ Circuit Description ...... 2. BQ ‘TRANSADAPT Option. . + 132 inctional Description 132 Operation + 133 Biock Diagram... a Cireuit Description .. 1B M2 Module Modifications : +B Iara Datery Charger Option. 2B General. —— B4 Operation B4 Maintenance B4 APPENDIX A Al Block Diagram Description .. Phase-locked loops .... Dual-modules Prescaling .... Frequency Programming Example .. M4 Frequency Conversion Scheme . cee Ad Examples of Oscillator Frequencies . AS Frequency Stability .... 2 AS APPENDIX B BA Explanation of Columns... - BA Installation and Use of Optional Accessory Items. BS Battery Charging Using the PRC-PS Power Supply/Charger . =. BS Battery Charging Using the PRC-BCA....... BT Battery Charging Using the PRC-HC-30 Hand-Crank Generator... BI Battery Charging Using the PRC-SPU-10 Solar-Power Generator. - BT Mobile 20-W System Operation Mobile 100-W System Operation .. Mobile 400-W System Opers villBu B12 Vd 12 13 14 2 22 23 24 25 9-2 APPENDIX B (Continued) Mobile 1000-W System Operation BS Fixed/Portable Station Systems . a BS FIGURES PRC1099 1.6.30 Mz Manpack Transceiver. 10 Block Diagram cee 17 Module Locations-Top . 218 Module Locations-Bottom .... 19 Power Measurement Waveforms... ‘Two-Tone Test Signal : Installation of Battery in Transceiver settee Receiver/Transmitter, Radio Set PRC1099-Organizational Repair Parts... sere 2S Module Location Diagram - MI Access... 226 Frequency Conversion Plan ... 32 Block Diagram - Audio/Filter Module, MI .. 42 Signal Connections and Adjustment Points .. 45 ‘Component Locations, Audio/Pilter Module, M1. 48 Schematic Diagram, Audio/Filter Module, MI . 49 Block Diagram - 1650-kH1z IF Module, M2... 2S Signal Connections and Adjustment Points .. 53 ‘Component Locations, 1650-kH1z IF Module, M2. a ‘Schematic Diagram, 1650-kHz IF Module, M2. : Ss Block Diagram - Mixer Module, M3... Signal Connections and Adjustment Points Component Locations, Mixer Module, M3 Schematic Diagram, Mixer Module, M3... Block Diagram - PA Module, M4 . Signal Connections and Adjustment Points ‘Component Locations, PA Module, M4. Schematic Diagram, PA Module, M4. Block Diagram-Antenna Tuner Module, M Signal Connections. . Component Locations, Tuner Modul Schematic Diagram, Tuner Module, M: Block Diagram - Synthe 10-kHz Synthesizer... 100-HHz Synthesizer er Module, M6 9210-1 10-2 103 ud 2 124 122 123 BA B2 B33 Ba BS 136 Al A2 A3 A4 BI B2 B3 Ba BS BS Ba BS BO BAO BAL 24 22 23 FIGURES (Continued) Signal Connections and Adjustment Points. 96 Component Locations, Synthesizer Module, M6 . 9.10 Schematie Diagram, Synthesizer Module, M6 .....- 9-11 Block Diagram-Processor Module, M7 10.2 ‘Component Locations, Processor Module, M7. = 108 Schematic Diagram, Processor Module, M7... = 109 Component Locations, Display Module, MB. 14 Schematic Diagram, Display Module, M8....... 1s Module Locations, Top View 2124 Module Locations, Bottom View +122 Schematic Diagram, Mainframe +123 Block Diagram, TRANSADAPT Option 13-10 Component Locations, TRANSADAPT Option . Schematic Diagram, TRANSADAPT Option. ....... BAL Wiring Diagram, Internal Battery Charger Option ... : Bas ‘Component Locations, Internal Battery Charger Option .. 13.16 ‘Schematic Diagram, Internal Battery Charger Option 13.17 ‘Synthesizer Block Diagram Phase-Locked Loop Dual-Modulus Prescaler. .. Frequency Scheme ....... Operation of PRPS into PRC1089.... Operation of PRC-PS into Separate Battery. Operation of PRC-BCS with Batteries. attery Charging Using the PRC-HIC-30 and PRC1099...... Battery Charging Using the PRC-HC-30 Directly ...... Battery Charging Using the PRC-SPU-10 and PRC1099 .. Battery Charging Using the PRC-SPU-10 Directly ... Mobile 20-W System, : : Mobile 100-W System. Mobile 400-W System. Mobile 1000-W System... TABLES Technical Specifications, PRCI099. it Semiconductors, PRC1099...... 213 ‘Test Equipment : 24 General Faull Location Chart... 2410 Module Fault Location Chart... . 2Ba 32 33 34 41 42 Sl $2 61 63 Ta 72 81 82 83 on 9.2 93 95 10-1 10.2 103 ud 2 124 132 B33 Al BA TABLES (Continued) Module Function Chart Receive Signal Flow....... ‘Squelch Circuit Signal Flow Specifications, Audio/Filter Module, M1 Parts List, Audio/Filter Module, M1 4 Specifications, 1650-kHz IF Module, M2 Parts List, 1650-kHz IF Module, M2. Specifications, Mixer Module, M3. Parts List, Mixer Module, M3. Assemby-1 Parts List, Mixer Module, M3, Assembly.2 . Specifications, Power-Amplifier Module, M4 Parts List, Power-Amplifier Module, M4 Specifications, Antenna Tuner, MS. .....-. Parts List, Tuner Module, MS. Tuner Board ... : Parts List, Tuner Module, MS. Tuner Driver Board .... 8-10 Specifications, Synthesizer Module, M6.......-. 98 Parts List, Synthesizer Module, M6. Assembly-1 Top Board 9.13 Parts List, Synthesizer Module, M6, Assembly-2 Top Board we 914 Parts List, Synthesizer Module, M6. Assembly-1 Bottom Board . cone IS arts List, Synthesizer Module, M6. Assembly-2 Bottom Board .. 9.16 Specifications, Processor Module, M7. 103 ‘Transmitter Test Frequencies. 105 Parts List, Processor Module, M7. ‘Top Boatd.. “1041 Specifications, Display Module, M8. Parts List, Display Module, MB. ! Parts List, Mainframe - 125 Seleall Conversion Chart 136 Parts List, TRANSADAPT Option. B13 Parts List, PRC1099 Internal Battery Charger. sees BAY Example Frequencies. .. Ab Optional Accessory Equipment . 4 B41 xiFIGURE 1-1. PRC1099 1.6-30 MHz Manpack Transceiver. 1-0CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION & TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 4-1 GENERAL ‘This manual provides detailed information on the service and repair of the PRC1099 transceiver, Full technical in- formation is given, including schematic diagrams, theory Of operation, and test and alignment procedures. Detailed pars lists are also included, 4-2 OPERATOR'S MANUAL The Operator's Manual TW-PRC1099-TMI should be used in conjunction with this one. It includes full installa- tion, operating and field maintenance instructions. 1-3 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Chapter 1 contains technical specifications (Table 1-1), semiconductors (Table 1-2), a block diagram (Figure 1-2) and module location diagrams (Figures 1-3 and 1-4). TABLE 1-1. Technical Specitications, PRC1099. GENERAL Frequency Range: 1.6 - 30 MHz. Number Of Channels: 284,000 in 100-Hz steps. Preset Memory Channels: 10 (field programmable). Display: Backit 6-digit LCD. Power Source: 12 Vdc (10.5-15 V operational) Battery Pack: BB-LA6 12-V, 6-Ah sealed lead-calcium. BASS9BIU lithium (case holds spare battery), BA4386/U (limited to 5-W operation), PRC-77 nicad battery packs. Low Battery: LCD display flashes. Modes: Voice/Data/CW, USB/LSB, AME optional. Operating Temperature: -30° C to +60° C. Frequency Stability Size: Weight Design Environmental: Desi Interfaces: ‘TRANSMITTER Power Output: Low: Output Protection: Duty Cycle: Continuous—power output automatically reduced to 5 W at heat sink temperatures > 80° C. Carrier Suppression: -45 dB. Unwanted Sideband: -60 dB at 1 kHz. ‘Spurious Suppression: “50.8 Harmonic Suppression: 320 Hz at 5 MHz, 1 ppm (optional). £1 ppm (optional). 28.2 om W, 10.4 cm H, 23.5 cm D. Basic radio unit 5.2 kg; Battery case with BA5S98/U Battery 0.9 kg, To MIL Standard 188C. \ed to MIL Standard 810D including shock, vibration, humidity, immersion and rough handling. Per MIL Standard 188C (audio and RF). High: 20-W PEP/AVG + 1 dB into 50 9. -W PEP/AVG. Infinite VSWR including short or open circuits. -50 dB typical (except below 2 MHz).TABLE 1-1. Technical Specifications, PRC1099, Continued. Intermodulation Distortion: ‘Audio Inputs: ‘Audio Bandwith: ‘Audio Compression: ALC: Sidetone: Current Drain: RECEIVER SENSITIVITY: SELECTIVITY: IMAGE REJECTION IF REJECTION: AGC CHARACTERISTICS: INTERCEPT POINT: INTERMODULATION: SQUELCH: AUDIO OUTPUT: CURRENT DRAIN: ANTENNA TUNER ‘ANTENNAS: TUNING TIME: ‘TUNE MEMORY: SWITCHING TIME: ‘TUNE POWER: MAXIMUM OUTPUT VOLTAGE: ANTENNA SWITCHING OPERATING CONTROLS ‘VOLUME: MODE: POWER: TUNE: piair: CHANNEL: WHIP/TUNE: ‘STORE: 26 0B, 150-0 automatic gain control and 600 2, 0 dBm. 950-2700 Hz. +30 dB above nominal < + 1-dB change for + 30-d8 audio increase. ‘Audio sidetone all modes. 5 A maximum, all modes. 1.5 A typical voice. 0.5 nV for 10-48 SINAD. 950-2700 Hz at -6 dB, -60 dB at 5 kHz. 80 2B. 80 2B. <6-dB audio change from 3 wV to 300,000 pV RF input. +10 dBM, -80 dB. ‘Audio derived, noise immune. 500 mW @ 16 a, 50 MW @ 150 a, 0 dBm @ 600 a. ‘Squelched: 120 m A typical @ 20°C. Non-squelched: maximum 170 mA. 10-tt. (3-m) manpack whip for 2-30 MHz. 16-50 ft. (4.8 m- 15 m) whip or long wire for 1.6-30 MHz. External adapter available tor longer antennas, ‘One second typical. Last tune stored on all 10 channels. 20 ms for stored tune information. ‘500 mW (no output when switching stored tune information). 1 kV (power automatically reduced if this terminal voltage is exceeded). Antenna tuner disconnects and switches output to 50-2 port when whip or long wire terminal is removed. Sets audio output level. ‘Squeich on, USB, LSB, display backlight and optional mode. Off, Low power (5 W), High power (20 W), external amplifier. ‘Tunes transceiver frequency up or down. Selects tuning rate of 1 MHz, 100 kHz, 10 kHz, 1 kHz or 100 Hz (automatically reverts to 100 Hz). Selects stored channels (store push switch must be depressed to reprogram CH 1-9). Momentary—activates antenna tune cycle. Hold down to change stored channel. 12TABLE 1-2. ‘Semiconductors, PRC1099. DESIGNATOR M1 Dt M1 D2 M1 D3 M1 D4 M1 D5 M1 08 M1 07 M1 DB M1 D9 M1 D10 M1 Dit M1 D12 M1 D13 M1at M1 Q2 M103 M1 Q4 M1 Q5 M1 Q6 M1 Q7 M1 08 M1 Q9 M1 Q10 M1 ait M1 Q12 M1 Q13 M1 Q14 M1 Q15 M1 Q16 M1 Q17 M1 Q18 M1 Q19 M1 20 Mt Q21 Mt Ut M1 U2 M1 U3 M1 U4A M1 U4B M1 US M1 UBA/B/C M1 U6D M1-U7AB M1 U7C/D M1 UB M2 Dt M2 D2 M2 D3 M2 D4 M2 DS M2 D6 M2 Q1 M2 a2 FUNCTION Gate Gate RF Rectifier RF Reetitier Transient Suppressor ‘Transient Suppressor Oscillator 1647/1650 kHz Switch Switch ‘Squelch Switch ‘Squelch Switch Squelch Switch Relay Switch Relay Switch Relay Switch Relay Switch Relay Switch Relay Switch Relay Switch ALC Amplifier Low Power Switch CW Hold Switch RF Gate Mic Amp/VOGAD Balanced Modulator Product Detector Audio Amplifier RF Gate Comparator Audio Power Amplifier ‘Squelch Amplifiers ‘Squelch Rectifier ‘One Shot ‘Squelch Hold Timer Filter Select Logic Bias Bias AGC Rectifier AGC Rectifier Bias Gate AX IF Amplifier RX IF Amplifier DESCRIPTION 11N4148 Diode BA482 PIN Diode 1N4148 Diode 1N4148 Diode 1N4148 Diode 1N4148 Diode 1N434A Diode 1N434A Diode 1N4148 Diode 1N4148 Diode 1N4148 Diode 1N4148 Diode 4N751 Zener Diode 2N3567 NPN Transistor 2N3565 NPN Transistor 2N3565 NPN Transistor 2N3565 NPN Transistor 2N3565 NPN Transistor 2N2907A PNP Transistor 2N9567 NPN Transistor 2N3567 NPN Transistor 2N3567 NPN Transistor 2N3567 NPN Transistor 2N9567 NPN Transistor 2N3567 NPN Transistor 2N3567 NPN Transistor 2N3567 NPN Transistor 2N3567 NPN Transistor 2N3567 NPN Transistor 2N9567 NPN Transistor 2N3638 PNP Transistor 2N3565 NPN Transistor MPSD84 PNP Darlington Transistor 2N3565 NPN Transistor ‘SL6270 integrated Circuit 'SL1640 Integrated Circuit ‘CA3028 Integrated Circuit LM358 Integrated Circuit (1/2) LM358 Integrated Circuit (1/2) LM386 Integrated Circuit LM324 Integrated Circuit (3/4) LM324 Integrated Circuit (1/4) 4001 Integrated Circult (1/2) 4001 Integrated Circuit (1/2) 4094 Integrated Circuit 1N4148 Diode 1N4148 Diode 1N4148 Diode 1N4148 Diode 1N4148 Diode 1N4148 Diode: 3N204 MOSFET 2N5770 NPN Transistor 13TABLE 1-2. ‘Semiconductors, PRC1099, Continued, DESIGNATOR FUNCTION DESCRIPTION M203 TX IF Ampitfior 2N5770 NPN Transistor M2 Q4 AGC Amplifier 2N3565 NPN Transistor M2 05 AGC Amplifier 2N3565 NPN Transistor M3 D1 RF Switch BA482 PIN Diode M3 D2 Bias 11N4148 Diode M3 D3 Bias 1N4148 Diode M3 D4 Bias 41N4148 Diode M3 DS RF Switch BA482 PIN Diode M3 Dé RF Switch, BA482 PIN Diode M3 07 Bias 11N4148 Diode M3 D8 Gate 1N4148 Diode M3 D51 RF Switch BA482 PIN Diode M3 052 RF Switch BA482 PIN Diode M3 DS3 RF Switch. BA482 PIN Diode M3 D54 Clamp 1N4148 Diode M3 055 Bias Clamp 1N4148 Diode M3 D56 Bias Clamp 1N4148 Diode M3 Qt RX IF Ampitier 3N204 MOSFET M3 Q2 RX Mixer 3N204 MOSFET M3 03 RX Switch 2N3565 NPN Transistor M3 Q4 Synthesizer Butter 2N5770 NPN Transistor M3 Q5 TXIF Amplifier 3N204 MOSFET M3 Q6 ALC Ampifier 2N3565 NPN Transistor M3 51 Synthesizer Butter 2N5770 NPN Transistor M3 Q52 ‘Squelch Switch 2N3565 NPN Transistor M3 O53, RX IF Ampifier 2N5109 NPN Transistor M3 O54 ‘Squelch Switch 2N3565 NPN Transistor M3 Q55 Current Regulator 2N3638 PNP Transistor M3 O56 TX Switch 2N3565 NPN Transistor M3 Ut RXITX Mixer ‘SRA1 Double Balanced Mixer M3 U51 TX Mixer MC1946 Integrated Circuit M3 U52 TX Ampifier MAR8 MMIC Ma D1 41N4005 Diode Ma D2 1N4005 Diode Ma Qt Final Pre Driver MRF476 RF Transistor Ma a2 Final Driver MRF476 RF Transistor Ma a3 Final Driver MRF476 RF Transistor M4 Q4 Final Power Amplifier MRF406 RF Transistor Ma Q5 Final Power Ampifier MRF406 RF Transistor M4 06 Bias Regulator 2N5181 NPN Transistor M4 Q7 Bias Regulator 2N5191 NPN Transistor M4 Q8 Overtemp Switch 2N3565 NPN TransistorT M5 Tuner Board M5 D1 RF Current Rectifier 1N34 Diode M5 D2 Clamp 1N4148 Diode M5 D3 Clamp 4N4148 Diode MB Ut Op Amp LM324 Integrated Circuit M5 U2 Shift Register ‘CD4094 Integrated Circuit M5 U3 Shift Register ‘C4094 Integrated Circuit M5 U4 Shift Register ‘C4094 Integrated Circuit M5 US Relay Drivers MPQ2222 Transistor Array 1-4TABLE 1-2. ‘Semiconductors, PRC1099, Continued. DESIGNATOR M5 Us M5 U7 M5 UB ‘MS Tuner Driver Board Ms Dt Me Ot Me D101 Me D102 M6 D103 M6 D104 M6 D105 M6 D106 M6 D107 M6 0108 M6 D109 M6 D110 Me D111 M6 Q1 Me a2 Me G3 M6 Q101 Me Q102 Mé Q103 M6 Q104 M6 Q105 M6 Q108 M6 Q107 M6 Q108 M6 Q109 M6 Q110 M6 Q111, M6 Q112 M6 Q113 M6 Ut Me U2 Ms U3 Me U4 Mé US Me US Me U7 Mé UB Me Uto1 Me U102 M6 U103 M701 M7 D2 M7 D3 M7 D4 M7 D5 M7 D6 FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Relay Drivers MPQ2222 Transistor Array Relay Drivers MPQ2222 Transistor Array Relay Drivers MPQ2222 Transistor Array Clamp 1N4148 Diode Varactor Tuning MV2205 Varactor Diode Varactor Tuning MV209 Varactor Diode Varactor Tuning MV209 Varactor Diode Clamp 41N4148 Diode Switch BA482 PIN Diode Voltage Regulator 41N4089 Zener Diode Level Shifter 4N751A Zener Diode Varactor Tuning MV209 Varactor Diode Clamp +1N4148 Diode Switch BA482 PIN Diode Voltage Regulator 1N4099 Zener Diode Vottage Reference LM38522.5 Zener Diode Oscillator 5120 kHz 2N5770 NPN Transistor Switch 2N2907A PNP Transistor 5V Regulator 2N6427 Darlington Transistor Oscillator Syn. 2 2N5770 NPN Transistor Butfer Syn. 2 2N5770 NPN Transistor Oscillator Syn. 1 310 FET Transistor Butter Syn. 1 310 FET Transistor ‘Switch 2N2907A PNP Transistor ‘Oscillator Syn. 41 310 FET Transistor Butter Syn. 1 310 FET Transistor Switch 2N3638 PNP Transistor Switch 2N3565 NPN Transistor Butter Syn. 1 '3N204 MOSFET Transistor Butter Syn. 1 310 FET Transistor Butfer Syn. 2 2N5770 NPN Transistor Switch PN2907A PNP Transistor Prescaler MC12015 Integrated Circuit Charge Pump MC1458 Integrated Circuit Synthesizer 1 MG145158 Integrated Circuit Synthesizer 2 MC145157 Integrated Circuit Programmable Divider MC14526 Integrated Circuit Programmable Divider MC14526 Integrated Circuit Prescaler MC12017 Integrated Circuit Shift Register/Latch 74H1C595 Integrated Circuit Bar/Dot Driver LM3914N Integrated Circuit ‘Temperature Compensation Selected Resistors 1% Voltage Regulator LM317LZ Integrated Circuit Polarity Protection 1N4005 Diode Polarity Protection 1N4005 Diode Gate 1N4148 Diode Gate 1N4148 Diode Regulator RHSVA21AC Diode Clamp 41N4148 Diode 15TABLE 1-2. ‘Semiconductors, PRC1099, Continued. DESIGNATOR FUNCTION DESCRIPTION DESIGNATOR FUNCTION DESCRIPTION M7.Q1 Mute Switch BCB18-40L NPN Transistor M7 G2 ATU Tune Switch BCB18-40L NPN Transistor M7 Q3 Lo Power Switch BCB18-40L NPN Transistor M7 Q4 Tone Key Switch BCB18-40L NPN Transistor M7 05 5.V Switch MMBT222AL NPN Transistor M7 06 PTT Switch BCB18-40L NPN Transistor M7 Q7 Amp PTT Switch MMBT222AL NPN Transistor M7 08 Oscillator Switch 2N7002 FET Transistor M7 a3 IRQ Switch BCB18-40L NPN Transistor M7 Ut Latch MC74HC2590 integrated Circuit M7 U2 Butfor MC74HC244ADW Integrated Circuit M7 U3 Supervisory MAX695CNE Integrated Circuit M7 U4 Voltage Regulator LM317MDT integrated Circuit M7 U5 Microprocessor MC68HC7O5C8FN Integrated Circuit M7 US Voltage Regulator LM317T Integrated Circuit M7 U7 Ampiiier LM358D Integrated Circuit M7 U8 Tone Oscillator TLC272CD Integrated Circuit M7 US Parity Tree MC14531B0 Integrated Circuit M7 U10 Hex Inverter MC74HCO4AD Integrated Circuit M7 Ut1 Muttvibrator MC14528B0 Integrated Circuit M7 UI2 Muttiplexer ‘74HC40670 Integrated Circuit Ms at Backlight Oscillator 2N3567 NPN Transistor Me Ut Display Driver MD4332B integrated Circuit Me U2 Display Driver MD4332B Integrated Circuit Me U3 Backplane Generator (CD40608 Integrated Circuit MB Us Bar/Dot Driver LM3914N Integrated Circuit M8 US Decimal-to-BCD Decoder 74HC147N Integrated Circuit MB D1-D4 Gate 41N4148 Diode MB 2-04 Butter 2N2222A NPN Transistor 16FIGURE 1-2. Block Diagram. 17m3 MIXER M7 PROCESSOR M6 SYNTHESIZER Js NS me M8J1 Nee DISPLAY we an FIGURE 1-3. Module Locations - Top. 18M4 POWER AMPLIFIER oO] m2 1650 IF FILTER M5 —~,9)) ANTENNA TUNER 0@| ma DISPLAY FIGURE 1-4. Module Locations - Bottom. 19CHAPTER 2 SERVICE & MAINTENANCE 2-4 SCOPE This section contains information on the routine main- tenance of the transceiver, the method of replacement of modules and components, the methods for locating defec- tive modules, and a description of the recommended est ‘equipment. ‘This section does not cover the maintenance and service of the modules. Reference should be made to the chapters of this manual on the individual modules. 2.2 GENERAL The PRC1099 is a complex transceiver using advanced design techniques to ensure high-performance, trouble-free service. It is essential to recognize that the PRC1099 must be serviced by skilled personnel using the correct test equipment and with a full understanding of the operation Of the transceiver. Two separate levels of service are recommended —feld service and depot service. The PRC1099 has been con- structed so that the complex circuitry is contained on in- dividual modules that may be easly replaced in the field ‘This section of the manual gives instruction on how to lo- cate the defective module. The modules are designed so that no adjustments will be required after replacement, and the defective module can be returned to the service depot ‘0F Factory for repair. 2-3 TEST EQUIPMENT Specific models of test equipment have ‘mended for servicing the PRC1099._ A description of the key characteristics relevant to the PRC1099 is given for each instrument. TABLE 2-1. Test Equipment. ESSENTIAL Synthesized Signal Generator: Sinad/Audio Level Meter: Electronic Mutimeter: Digital Voltmeter: ‘Audio Signal Generator: RE Milivotmeter: 300-3000 Hz Spectrum Analyzer:* Frequency Range = 1-105 MHz (minimum) Calibration x Setting Accuracy = 1 kHz (minimum) Output = .1 nV to 1 V (with accurate attenuator) Measures SINAD at 1000 Hz/Audio Level General Purpose Input Impedance 11 M a (minimum) General Purpose ‘Accuracy 1% (10 V Range) -105 MHz Frequency Counter: Frequency Range ‘Accuracy = 1 ppm (minimum) Wattmeter: Impedance = 500 Power = 50 W (ull scale) Frequency = 2-30 MHz (Thruline, 50 W Element x Load) Power Supply: 12.V5 A Regulated OPTIONAL Oscilloscope: General Purpose Frequency response 100 MHz Frequency Range = .5-100 MHz Ranges 10 mV to 3 V Frequency Range = 1-105 MHz Resolution = 100 Hz2.4 MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES ‘The following information will be helpful to technicians ‘and engineers who have not had previous experience in testing modern synthesized equipment, 2-41 POWER MEASUREMENT ‘The power output of the PRC1099 is 20 W PEP (peak en- velope power) or average. This means that the power out- put will be 20 W average in the CW mode and will have an instantaneous peak output of 20 W on voice peaks. In the CW mode or on a continuous sinewave tone, an average reading power meter such as the Bird Model 43, will indicate the correct output. On voice or a two-tone lest signal, the meter will indicate the average power, which is much lower than the peak power. ‘The meter will typically indicate 5-7 W on a voice waveform. On a two- tone test signal the correct power output will be 8 W as read on the Bird Model 43. Refer to Figures 2-1 and 2-2. ‘The power output must be read at the 50-ohm BNC con- nector with no antenna mount in the antenna connector. It should be noted that the 50-ohm connector is disconnected ‘when the mount is placed in the antenna connector. ‘The supply voltage should be at least 12V under load when making power measurements. It should be noted that the current drain for voice operation is much lower than when operating CW. This means that even when the battery voltage is t00 low for high-power CW operation, there “may be sufficient capacity for satisfactory voice operation, ‘The power amplifier in the PRC1099 has a substantial ~ reserve capacity and is capable of 25-30 W output. It is, ‘hot recommended that the power level be set higher than 20 W, as this will simply increase power consumption without any perceptible improvement in signal strength. It is necessary to at least double the output power before there will be any noticeable improvement in performance. 2.4.2 SPECTRUM ANALYZER Although a spectrum analyzer is not an essential test in- strument for servicing the transceiver, itis a useful instra- tment for testing SSB equipment. The spectrum analyzer ‘operates in the frequency domain and permits simul- taneous examination of both frequency and amplitude ‘This characteristic is very useful for examining the various RF signals for spectral purity and spurious products, For example, the output from the phase-locked loop in the transceiver can be examined to ensure that the loop is locking correctly, the phase noise is satisfactory and there ‘are no spurious outputs. The spectrum analyzer may be ‘connected, through an attenuator, 10 the transceiver output and will display harmonics and unwanted spurious outputs, Its very important not to overload the spectrum analyzer ‘when making harmonic measurements. If the input level is wo high, the mixer in the spectrum analyzer will ‘generate harmonics internally. ‘The spectrum analyzer may also be used to measure dis- tortion by using a two-tone test signal. Two equal amplitude audio tones in the transmitter audio passband are used to drive the transmitter to full power output (20 W PEP). The distortion products will appear as sig- nals displaced by the separation of the tone frequencies. it should be noted that the PEP of the transmitter is 6 dB higher than the level of each tone in the two-tone test waveform. This means that if the third order distortion products are 26 dB below each wanted tone, the inter- ‘modulation distortion level is 32 dB relative to PEP. 2-4.3 SIGNAL GENERATOR The signal generator is primarily considered an instrument for testing the receiver. It is also a most convenient instru- ‘ment for injecting controlled signals of known frequency ‘and amplitude into different parts of the transceiver. For example, the signal generator may be used as a temporary substitute for one of the synthesizers. 2.4.4 FREQUENCY COUNTER ‘Apart from the important function of frequency calibra- tion, the frequency counter is a useful tool for servicing the synthesizer. By connecting the counter to different points in the circuitry, itis possible to check that the cor- rect divide ratios are occurring in the synthesizer. 20 W AVG pe cw i 20 W PEP, (Go wavay te Two Tone * 8 W ON BIRD 43¢ OR SIMILAR FIGURE 2-1. Power Measurement Waveforms. 22FIGURE 2-2. ‘Two-Tone Test Signal. 2-5 ROUTINE MAINTENANCE Refer to Chapters 4 and 5 of the PRC1099-TM1 Operator's Manual. 2:6. ACCESS & MODULE REMOVAL 26.1, CASE REMOVAL Stand’ the PRC1099 on its front panel (Figure 2-3). Remove the battery case and the battery. Loosen the cap- tive screws and pall the case from the chassis (Figure 2-4) If necessary, insert a flat-blade screwdriver between the front pane! and the case to pry the case off. 26.2. ACCESS All of the modules, except M1, the Audio Module, are directly accessible when the transceiver is removed from the case. The covers on the modules may be removed, for access 10 adjustments, while the modules are in place. "The ‘Audio Module MI is mounted in the center of the transceiver between modules M3/M6 and M4/MS and is accessed by removing the two retaining screws. ‘This per- mits modules MS/MS to hinge from the back of the transceiver as shown in Figure 2-5. 2-6.3. REMOVAL OF MODULES 2.6.3.1, M1 REMOVAL ‘Access the module as described in Section 2-6.2. Remove the connectors from M4 and MS and the antenna connec- tion from MS. This permits the M4/MS mounting bracket to swing full open. Disconnect the two RF connectors to the underneath side of M4 and MS and the multipin con- nectors at the side of the circuit board. The circuit board is retained by four mounting screws at the comers and a ccenter mounting screw. 23 NOTE There is an RF connector underneath the circuit board. Make sure that this connector is correctly engaged when reinstalling M1 and that the grounding sleeve on the con- rector is in place. 2.6.3.2, M4 REMOVAL Remove the RF connector from underneath the module (263.1). Remove the end connector. Unscrew the two retaining bolts. 2-6.3.3, MS REMOVAL Remove the RF connector from underneath the module (26.3.1). Remove the end connector. Disconnect the an- tenna wire. Unscrew the two retaining bolts. 2.6.3.4. M3/M6 REMOVAL ‘Those two modules are interconnected. Remove the cover from M3 (4 screws) and disconnect the 6 push connectors on the wires connecting M3 and M6. ‘The modules are ‘ow separated and each may be removed by removing the end connector and the two retaining bolts. NOTE ‘There is an RF connector under M3. Make sure this con- nector is correcily engaged when reinstalling the assembly. 2-6.3.5. M2 REMOVAL Remove the two side retaining screws. Loosen the two retaining screws on the center plate next to MI. The module should be tilted sideways to disengage the slots in the cover from these screws. Remove the three RF con- rectors and the power connector and the module can be lifted out.BATTERY, BATTERY RECEPTACLE. RADIO CONNECTOR ‘CLAMP ‘TRANSCEIVER CASE PRESSURE . CAPTIVE TEST Sci SCREWS) FRONT PANEL Cole? ¢—————- CY- 2562 PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE FIGURE 2-3. Installation of Battery In Transceiver. 24Noasens cy-2562 8. Case, transceiver 9. Cover, double rubber connector protector 10. Cover, antenna dust 4 Cover, BNC 12. Knob, long-handled (DIGIT Select) 13. Knob, long-handled (TUNE) 14, Knob, long-handled (power switch) Knob, long-handled (mode switch) Knob, long-handled (channel switch) Knob (VOLUME) Screw, captive Hook Dummy connector, plug FIGURE 2-4. Recelver/Transmitter, Radio Set PRC1099--Organizational Repair Parts. 25BATTERY, BATTERY RECEPTACLE RADIO. CONNECTOR ‘CLAMP ‘TRANSCEIVER CASE PRESSU CAPTIVE si TEST Sci SCREWS FRONT PANEL “ .____ cy-2862 PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE FIGURE 2-1 Installation of Battery in Transceiver.Nogaepo cy-2562 Case, transceiver Cover, double rubber connector protector Gover, antenna dust Cover, BNC Knob, long-handled (DIGIT Select) Knob, long-handled (TUNE) 10. 1" 12 18, Knob, long-handled (power switch) Knob, long-handled (mode switch) Knob, long-handled (channel switch) Knob (VOLUME) Screw, captive Hook Dummy connector, plugREMOVE SCREW——»(5 Mig FOLD OPEN M12 M13. m2 1650 IF FILTER | REMove SCREW AUDIO FIGURE 2-5. Module Location Diagram - M1 Access. 262-6.3.6. M7 REMOVAL Remove the four screws holding the shield cover in place. Remove the outer cover to access the module, Remove the two retaining screws from the comers of the module. Disconnect the five end connectors and one side connec: tor. The module can then be lifted out, 26.3.7 DISPLAY MODULE Remove the front panel (2-6.3.8). Unscrew the four retaining screws and the connector. When replacing this ‘module, ensure that the waterproof seal to the display win- dow is not disturbed. 2:6.3.8 FRONT PANEL Remove the four screws (bwo on each side) and hold the front panel to the chassis. This allows the panel to be pulled away from the chassis and still be operated. For complete removal, the harness connectors must be removed from the chassis, 2:7 SEMICONDUCTOR SERVICING General ‘There are two distinct classes of semiconductors used in the transceiver: discrete devices, such as transistors and diodes, and monolithic integrated circuits (see Table 1-2). Considerable information can be found about the operation Of the transistors and diodes by measuring the voltage on the various leads. With integrated circuits, there is no ex- temal access to much of the circuitry, and itis often neces- ‘sary 10 use the “black box” or substitution approach to ser- vicing. nal & Switching Diodes All diodes may be checked with an ohmmeter. They should show a low forward resistance and a very high ‘back resistance. Check the circuit before making any measurements, as the diode will frequently be shunted by other components—requiring one lead to be lifted before the measurement can be made. Many of the diodes are used as switches or gates. If the diode is operating correctly, there will be a drop of ap- proximately 0.7 V across the diode junction in the ON state. ‘Varactor Diodes ‘The varactor diode is designed to change capacitance across the reverse-biased junction as the voltage applied to itis changed. Varactors exhibit the same resistance char- acteristics as signal diodes and can be checked in the same way. Bipolar Transistors ‘An out-of-circuit method of checking bipolar transistors is to consider the base-emitter and the base-collector junc- tions as two separate diodes. One lead of the ohmmeter is connected to the base and the other is first connected to 27 the collector and then to the emitter, The ohmmeter leads are then reversed in polarity and the test repeated, This, test should indicate high resistance with the leads in one polarization and low resistance in the other. Only in rare tances will a transistor passing this test prove to be faul- ty in other ways. A simple, in-circuit check of a transistor can be made with a VTVM. The potential across the baseemitter junction should be about 0.7 V. A substantial difference indicates a fault in the transistor or possibly in the surrounding cir- cuitry. Integrated Circuits Complex, intemal IC circuitry makes it impractical 10 do ‘any analytical fault finding in the device itself. The best approach to servicing them is to isolate the fault to a par- ticular stage. Pin voltages should then be checked against typical values given in the charts. If there are any substan- tial variations, first check the surrounding circuit com- ponents. Finally, the IC may be checked by substitution, 2:8 COMPONENT REPLACEMENT Circuit Boards All ansceiver printed circuit boards are heavy epoxy fiberglass with 2-oz. tinned copper foil, which meets ap- plicable military specifications. Faults in the board are not likely to occur unless careless procedures are used when replacing components. If correct procedures are followed, components can be replaced many times without damage to the board. All integrated circuits are installed in sock- ets, which makes replacement very simple, Begin with the correct tools. The soldering iron must have a small, instrument-type tip no larger than the circuit board, pads. However, do not use a tiny, low-temperature, instru- ment-type iron. It must have sufficient heat to melt the solder quickly, otherwise component and/or board damage can occur. Use the iron to melt the solder at the connection. While still molten, remove it with a desoldering tool. (These come in many forms, but even a simple type, consisting of a suction pump with a teflon tip will be’ satisfactory.) ‘Afterall solder has been removed, the component can be taken out by giving it a gentle tg. ‘To reduce the risk of board damage, do not exert any stress on the foil while removing the component, especially when the connection ‘shot. The copper foil adhesive forms an extremely strong bond to the board when cold, but can be removed fairly easly at soldering temperature. Before installing the new component, it is important to clear the holes of any remaining soider. This can be achieved by again applying heat and using the desoldering tool. A frequent cause of foil damage is to push the com- Ponent through the hole and melt the solder at the same time. If the lead catches, it will frequently ift the foil from the board.2.9 GENERAL FAULT LOCATION - TABLE 2-2 It is possible for non-technical personnel to deduce the reason for numerous faults without opening the transceiver case. Table 2-2 lists those faults that can be identified by ‘operation of the controls and through various indications. 2:10 BASIC MODULE FAULT LOCATION - TABLE 2-3 ‘This information is a basic guide to locating faulty ‘modules without the use of test equipment (some fault ‘conditions cannot be recognized in this manner). If this approach is not successful, the modules should be replaced systematically until the faulty one is located. Remember that some of the preliminary tests can indicate which ‘modules are operational. For example, the synthesizer module M6 is used in’ both the receive and transmit, modes. This means that M6 is not faulty if either the transmitter or receiver is operational. Before replacing any modules, check all cable connections carefully. A broken wire or a loose connector may prevent the module from operating. When modules are replaced, it is not normally necessary to make any adjust- ‘ments or to realign the transceiver, All modules may be replaced using a screwdriver. The correct procedure is described in Section 2-6. 2-11 MODULE FAULT LOCATION - DETAILED PROCEDURE 2-11.1 INTRODUCTION This section gives more specific information on the ‘methods for measuring the performance of each module. Expert technical knowledge is not required but it is neces- sary to understand the operation of test equipment. It is, recommended that Section 2-10 be followed to locate the fault area and then use 2-11 to confirm the nature of the fault, 2-11.2 POWER SUPPLY & SWITCHING ‘The transceiver should be connected to an extemal 12.6-V, 5-A power supply. Use either the PRC1099-PS ac power supply or the PRC1099-CA12V battery cable, It should be noted that the PRC1099-CA12V contains a protective diode to prevent damage if the polarity of the power sup- ply is accidentally reversed. There will be a small voltage drop across this diode. ‘Switch the transceiver on (LO power) and ensure that the ‘supply voltage is 12 V, the regulated voltage is 8 V, and ‘the voltage on the R+ line is 8 V. Press the microphone switch and check that the-voltage on the TS line is 8 V. ‘The voltage regulator, driver, and voltage-adjustment con- twol are located on M7 (Q106/U105/R127).. The 5-V regulator Q1O1 and the 16-V voltage-doubler driver U105 28 are located on M7. The T/R relay controlling the T+ and Re lines is located on Mt (Ki). It is essential that the comect operating voltages are present before checking the transceiver. Check the power supply, wiring and module connections before replacing MI or M7, 2:11.3 SYNTHESIZER & MIXER MODULES M3iMe If the radio works correctly in either the wansmit or receive mode, the synthesizers (M6) are operating comet- iy. To make the following measurements, remove the eight screws and the covers from modules M3 and M6. This ives simple access to the RF input and output connections ‘on the modules. Synthesizer 1. Connect a frequency counter to SYN out- put from M6. The frequency should be the operating fre- ‘quency (10-kHz. steps) +75 MHz, For example, if the ‘operating frequency is 5 MHz, the synuhesizer output should be 80 MHz. Synthesizer 2. Connect the frequency counter to SYN2 ‘utput from M6. The frequency should be between 73.3401 and 73.350 MHz, The exact frequency depends ‘on the I-k#iz and 100-Hz steps atthe operating frequency. ‘Transmit Mode. Connect oscilloscope to “TX OUT" and the signal generator to "1650-kHz I/O.” Set the frequency to 1650 kHz and the output level 10 -10 dBm, The output measured on the oscilloscope should be approximately 05 V PEP at the transceiver operating frequency. Receive Mode. Connect the oscilloscope to "1650 kHz WO and the signal generator to "RX IN." Set the signal Renerator to the wansceiver operating frequency and the output level to -60 dBm. The output measured on the os- cilloscope should be approximately 20 mV PEP at 1650 kHz. NOTE If the receiver is not operating, check the AGC voltage at J1-5 (4 V). ‘The AGC voltage is supplied by M2, and a fault in this module could prevent M3 from operating cor- rectly in the receive mode. 2-11.4 M2 IF MODULE Receive Mode. The sidetone is generated by using the receive stages in this module to listen to the transmitter- exciter low-level output. Normal sidetone confirms this ‘module is operating correctly in the receive mode. ‘Transmit Mode. Connect the signal generator to "TX IN.” Adjust the output Ievel to -18 dBm at 1650 kHz. ‘The transmitter will have normal output if M2 is operating correctly.2-11.5 M1 AUDIO/AF FILTER MODULE First check for normal operation of M2 and M3/M6, Receive Mode. The transmit audio sidetone indicates this, ‘module is operating correctly. Check for low-level hiss ‘with audio gain at maximum, ‘Transmit Mode. Check that the transmitter is operating normally (2-11.4). ‘The presence of the audio sidetone then indicates the TX audio stages are operating correctly. If the transmitter operates normally in the CW mode but ‘Rot on voice, the problem will be in the handset or the audio connections to the module. ‘T/R Switching. The T/R relay can be examined visually for closure when the PTT switch is depressed, RF Filters. The filters switch at 3.1, 5.1, 8.0, 13 and 20 MHz. Incorrect operation in one filter range indicates a fault in the switching relays or the filter. USB/LSB Switching. Incorrect operation on only one sideband indicates a defective BFO crystal (1650-kHz, USB, 1647-kHz LSB) or a faulty switch connection, 2:11.6 M4 PA MODULE ‘Connect the signal generator to "TX IN." Set the frequen- cy to that of the transceiver. Increase the output level until the power output is 20 W. The drive level should be ap- proximately +3 dBm. 2.11.7 MS ANTENNA TUNER MODULE Press the tune bution. The tuner should go through the tune cycle. If the pulse tune tone indicates that the tuner ddid not achieve a correct match, check the antenna connec- tions and try retuning on a different frequency. If the tne cycle does not initiate, ensure that the antenna mount or Jong-wire adapter is opening the switch at the base of the antenna post NoTE The antenna tuner is controled by the microprocessor. A fault in M7 will normally also cause many other ‘contro malfunctions. 2-11.8 M7 MICROPROCESSOR MODULE The synthesizer, display, antenna tuner, and many of the control functions are’ under direct’ control of the microprocessor. A fault in this module will normally cause multiple malfunctions in the transceiver and the ‘module should be checked by direct replacement. Voltage Regulators & Doubler. The 8-V and 5-V regulators and the driver for the voltage doubler providing the 16-V supply to the synthesizers are located on M7. Tone Oscillator. The tone oscillator used for CW and an- tenna tuning is located on M7, Loss of Memory. The lithium battery for memory backup is located on M7. This battery should be replaced if chan- nel memory is not retained when the transceiver is switched off. NOTE ‘The microprocessor is "asleep" unless a control function is, roquired. No oscillator or clocking signals will be present unless a control function is occurring. 2.11.9 MB DISPLAY MODULE Only if all other transceiver functions are normal should the display module be replaced.TABLE 2-2. General Fault Location Chart. SYMPTOM POSSIBLE FAULT ACTION 1. No Display Battery Dead Tum mode switch to USB and listen for receiver noise. No noise in cates a dead battery. Receiver noise indicates a display faut. 2. No Audio Handset Fault Check for sidetone during TX. If sidetone is present, handset is ative and a receiver fault is in- dicated, 3. No Sidetone (RX ‘Audio Present) Transmitter Not Operating ‘Absence of an audible tone in the handset speaker means that the transmitter is not providing the cor- fect output power. Sidetone audio is inhibited by lack of RF output Retune the antenna as an incorrect match may restrict output power. 4, Sidetone distorted Fault in transmitter exciter or receiver. ‘The sidetone is generated by listen- ing to the transmitted signal in the receiver. This provides a positive test that the low-level stages are ‘operating correctly. 5. Display flashes Battery Voltage Low Replace battery. 6. Receiver Audio Garbled ‘One of the stations is set to the wrong frequency or out of calibra- tion, Use tune control to retune receiver. 7. No communica- tion: Receiver & ‘Transmitter appear to operate normally Incorrect frequency. Incorrect sideband. Check displayed frequency. Check Mode Switch (USB normal). 240TABLE 2-3, Module Fault Location Chart. PRELIMINARY Check power switching, Measure R8. Should read 8 V. Press PTT switch. Relay Ki on M7 should close. Measure T8. Should read 8 V. Mi_AUDIO/FILTER MODULE ‘Transceiver operates in either TX or RX mode USB. Operates only USB or LSB. ‘Audio completely dead, not even slight hiss, squelch off, and maximum audio gain. ‘TX has no output except in CW mode. 1650-kHz carrier oscillator is operational, 1650-kHz OSC (USB) or 1647-kHz OSC (LSB) defective. Module or handset detective. Handset defective. (M2_1650-kHz IF MODULE Receiver operational Disconnect “RX Out" coax connector. Module should also be operating in transmit mode. I noise level does not decrease, module is detective. ‘M3_MIXER MODULE. Disconnect 1650-kHz coax connector from M2 IF module. It receiver noise level does not decrease, module is defective. M4_RE POWER AMPLIFIER No simple check without instruments. Voltages and connections should be care- fully checked before replacement, ‘M5 TUNER MODULE Tuner does not tune when tune button is pressed. ‘Check antenna mount or long-wire adapter is screwed into antenna post. M6_SYNTHESIZER ‘Transceiver operates in either transmit or receive mode. Channel frequencies do not operate below 15 MHz. Channel frequencies do not operate above 15 MHz. Module is operational. Defective 1.6 to 15-MHz VCO in module. Defective 15 to 30-MHz VCO in module. M7_MICROPROCESSOR MODULE Multiple operating matfunctions. Memory functions not retained. ‘The microprocessor controls all of the tuning, mode and many switching functions. ‘The 8-V and 5-V regulators are also con- tained in this module. Replace lithium battery, (Nominal life is 10 years). M8_FREQUENCY DISPLAY MODULE ‘Transceiver appears to be operating correctly but display is not operating. Check connections. MICROPHONE Transmitter does not operate. Check by replacement of handset. Ground pin C of connector and touch pin 8 with hand. If transmitter shows RF output, microphone is faulty. antCHAPTER 3 GENERAL THEORY OF OPERATION 341 INTRODUCTION This is a general description of the transceiver. Chapters 4-11 give a detailed circuit description of each module as well as technical specifications and servicing data, 3-2 FREQUENCY CONVERSION PLAN ‘he transceiver uses an up conversion plan with the first IF at 75 MHz. This system is used so that the major spurious products fall between 151.6 and 180 MHz, where they can be easily removed by simple low-pass’ filters. Transmitter spurious responses from a corectly designed double-balanced mixer will be below -70 dBc across the entire operating range. The double-balanced mixers have a level response well into the VHF range and both the receiver and the transmitter exciter have a level response from 1.6-30 MHz. This broadband response is achieved ‘without any tuning adjustments, ‘A. special VHF crystal filter provides selectivity at 75 MHz. ‘The 3-dB bandwidth is 30 kHz and the stopband is -70 dB. This filter provides sufficient selectivity at the first IF to prevent overload of the second mixer by power- ful out-of-band signals. It is necessary to provide a high degree of selectivity to eliminate interference from ad- jacent in-band signals, and to generate a clean SSB signal. ‘The transceiver uses a second IF of 1650 kHz. At this fre- quency, itis easy 10 provide a stable, high-selectivity crys- tal filter. The transceiver uses a high-performance, 6-pole crystal filter for USB and LSB operation. ‘To produce the first IF output at 75 MHz, the first loop in the synthesizer must generate an oscillator signal between 766 and 105 MHz. The synthesizer generates this fre- quency range in 10-kHz steps. ‘The second conversion from 75 MHz to 1650 kHz requires ‘an oscillator injection frequency of 73.35 MHz. AS the first synthesizer moves in 10-kHz steps, it is necessary 10 change. the second oscillator frequency over a 10-kHz ange to provide complete frequency coverage. The second loop in the synthesizer operates from 73.3401 to 73.350-MHz in 100-Hz steps. Refer to Figure 3-1 for the frequency-conversion plan. Selectable USB/LSB operation is provided by using separate BFO frequencies of 1650 and 1647 kHz, respec- tively. The synthesizer is automatically offset by 3 kHz ‘when the sidebands are switched and there is no change in the output frequency, 3:3 SYNTHESIZER ‘The synthesizer uses separate loops controlling the first and second conversion oscillators. Both loops use a 34 stable, temperature-compensated, 5120-kHz oscillator as a reference standard, The use of direct synthesis with no xing or other special techniques makes the synthesizers ple and easy to understand. Modem LSI circuitry reduces the number of necessary parts. Another advantage of the system is the almost complete freedom from ‘spurious responses, ‘The first loop of the synthesizer covers the range 76.6 - 105 MHz in 10-KHiz incremements. Operating in 10-kHz steps simplifies the loop design, which gives a high slew speed and good spectral purity. The 5120-KHiz oscillator is divided down to provide the 10-kHz reference frequency. ‘The synthesizer uses a programmed divider to give a vari able division ratio of 7,660-10,500 controlled by the serial ‘bus. The divided-down output from the VCO is compared and an error voltage is generated that shifts the VCO fre- ‘quency until lock is achieved, Two separate VCO's are used t0 cover the frequency range. ‘The second loop of the synthesizer must cover 73.3401- 73,350 MHz in 100-Hz increments. It is very difficult 10 design a VCO operating at this frequency in a 100-Hz loop. This problem was solved by using a VCXO (vari- able crystal controlled oscillator). A special Sth-overtone ‘oscillator circuit was designed with the capability of more than 10-kHz tuning range at 73.35 MHz. ‘The synthesizer output is almost indistinguishable from a ‘good crystal oscillator—a very important factor in simplifying the synthesizer design. ‘The 5120-kHz reference is divided down to provide the 100-Hz reference frequency. The ymed divider gives a variable division ratio of 733,401-733,500 controlled by the serial bus. Using the same reference oscillator for both loops gives a special advantage. Any frequency drift will cancel in the loops and the overall stability of the system is not affected by the high conversion frequencies. A single fre- quency adjustment seis all channel frequencies. 3:4 FREQUENCY AND FUNCTION CONTROL ‘The synthesizers, display, antenna tuner and many other operating functions are under the control of the microprocessor, with the software program. instructions stored in permanent memory (ROM). In addition, programmable functions such as channel frequencies and antenna-tune information are stored in memory (RAM) backed up by a lithium bautery with a nominal life of 10 years, The transceiver is controlled by a serial bus and the ‘data are decoded in the individual modules. The front panel controls also interface with the microprocessor, and the serial data extends to the accessory connector to con- trol external accessories such as power amplifiers.FIGURE 3-1. Frequency-Conversion Plan. 35 RECEIVER Input signals from the antenna pass through one of six 5- pole, lliptic-function filters, then through a 1600-kHiz, high-pass filter to prevent overload from MF broadcast sta- tions, and finally through a 30-MHz low-pass filter to prevent VHF responses, The signal is applied to a high- level, double-balanced mixer; and the 75-MHz output amplified by a high dynamic range amplifier before pass- ing Unrough the 4-pole, monolithic, 75-MHz filter. The +11-dBm intercept point is maintained through to the out- put of the 75-MHz filter. Output from the 75-MHz filter is amplified by an AGC- controlled, dual-gate MOSFET amplifier and is. then downconverted to 1650 kHz in a dual-gate MOSFET ‘mixer. The signal then passes through the 6-pole crystal filter and is then amplified by an AGC-controlled dual- ‘gate MOSFET amplifier. The final IF amplification is provided by a fixed-gain bipolar amplifier. A two-stage AGC amplifier provides excellent fast-atack, slow-release characteristics. This AGC system is so effective that no separate RF gain contol is required, The audio signal pas- ses through the squelch circuit, where it is processed and applied to a pulse counter which detects the low-frequency FM component in human speech. ‘This output controls the 32 ‘squelch which opens in the presence of speech and not on ‘background noise. 36 TRANSMITTER EXCITER ‘The microphone amplifier is a VOGAD which automati- cally adjusts the gain to provide constant audio output. A. balanced modulator with a 1650-kHz carrier injection fre- quency produces 1650-kHz, double-sideband, suppressed carrier output (1647 kHz for LSB operation). ‘The 1650-kHz DSB signal passes through an amplifier to the crystal filter. The 75-MHz IF amplifier has ALC ap- plied that is derived from the currents and voltages at the ‘ansmitter output. The ALC system limits the maximum ‘current and voltage from the power amplifier so that the transceiver may be safely operated at any VSWR level. ‘The 1650-kHz SSB signal is applied to a balanced mixer, where it is up-converted to 75 MHz. This signal passes through one stage of amplification to the 75-MHz crystal filter. The 75-MHz signal is then down converted to the operating frequency in a double-balanced mixer. A MMIC broadband 1.6 19 30-MHz amplifier increases the exciter ‘output to approximately +3 dBm. A low-pass filter at the ‘output removes the image frequencies.9-7 FINAL AMPLIFIER AND FILTERS ‘The high-power final amplifier consists of a Class A pre- driver, a push-pull driver stage and a push-pull final output, stage.’ Special broadband transformers are used for inter- stage and output coupling. The first amplifier operates, Class AB and the final stage in Class B using a stabilized bias supply. The final amplifier has low spurious output except for the harmonics. Six separate high-performance, elliptical function filters are used to cover the operating range and provide effective attenuation of the harmonic spectrum. The selection of the filters is controlled by the microprocessor. 3-8 AUTOMATIC ANTENNA TUNER ‘The automatic antenna tuner uses a series of inductors, in a binary progression and switched by latching relays, to pro- vvide variable inductive loading for the antenna. A variable ratio impedance transformer is used to provide the correct, impedance match to the final amplifier. Shunt capacitors are switched into circuit for use with inductive antennas. ‘The twner uses detectors at the tner input and follows a tuning routine, under control of the micro-processor, 10 ‘match the antenna for maximum output. When the whip for long-wire antenna is removed, the output is automat- ically switched to the 50-ohm antenna connector. TABLE 3-9 TRANSMIT-RECEIVE SWITCHING ‘The transmit-receive switching is through the T/R relay, which switches the antenna input between the receiver input and the transmitter output. A second pole on this relay switches the regulated 8-V line to give T+ 8-V and R+ 8-V outputs. These control lines are used to switch the transceiver circuitry. ‘Transistor and diode gates are used extensively for the switching function, The input to the double-balanced mixer is switched by a relay to minimize high-level intermodulation distortion, 3:10 POWER SOURCE ‘The transceiver operates from a 12 to 15-V supply source. ‘The critical circuitry operates from the regulated 8-V and 5-V supply lines, The higher-power circuitry operates irect from the 12-V supply but will continue to operate down to 10.5 V with only minimal reduction in perfor- ‘mance specifications. 3-11 SIGNAL FLOW CHARTS Table 3-2 indicates the signal levels at the various stages, of the receive signal path, while Table 3-3 does the same for the squelch circuits. The signal levels for the transmit path are shown in Table 3-4 34. Module Function Chart. M1_AUDIO/RF FILTER MODULE FUNCTION VOGAD. Ampiifies microphone input and auto- matically controls gain, Balanced Modulator. Generates DSB 1650-KHz signal, suppresses carrier. BFO. Provide USB (1650 kHz), LSB (1647 kHz) ‘signal source. Product Detector. Demodulates 1650-kHz SSB signal ‘Squelch. Detects low-frequency FM voice com- ponents to actuate squelch, ‘Audio PA. Amplifies audio for handset or loudspeaker. ‘Audio AMP. Provides 0 dBM 600-0 audio output. vo Input from front-pane! handset. Output to balanced modulator. Input from mic. amplifier. ‘Output to J2 1650-kHz IF Fitter. Input from microprocessor selects sideband, Output to balanced modulator and product detector. Input from M2 IF amplifier. ‘Output to squelch and audio PA. Input trom product detector. ‘Output to squelch gates. Input from product detector through audio gain control. Output to handset. Input trom product detector. ‘Output to accessory socket. 33TABLE 3-1. Module Function Chart, Continued. RF Gate. Detects RF output and opens sidetone gate. ‘Squelch Gates. Switches on Audio PA. Controls current in RX front end. DC Clamps. Control switching times. CW Hold. Provides semibreak-in CW and ATU tune signal. Filter Switching. Decodes serial data & selects correct filter range. ALC. Measures RF current & RF voltage. Provides 5-W and 20-W level output control. TUR Relay. Switches TX/RX RF and R+ 8-V and T+ 8-V lines, AF Filters ~ Low-pass filters TXIRX. High-pass filters RX M2_1650-kHz IF MODULE FUNCTION 1650-kHz Filter. Generates SSB signal. Provides narrowband RX selectivity RX IF Amps. Amplifies 1650-kHz IF signal, AGC. Amplifies AGC Control IF gain. TX IF Amp. Ampliies 1650-kHz DSB signal M3 MIXER & RF MODULE FUNCTION Double-Balanced Mixer. Converts received sig- nal to 75-MHz IF. Input from ALC circuitry. Output to squelch gates. Input from squelch control ‘Output to Audio PA gate and gates M3. Input from T/R Relay. Output to T+, Re (8-V lines). Input from CW key and microprocessor. ‘Output to tone generator M7. Input from serial data M7 microprocessor. Output to RF filters. Input from TX PA output, Output to Sidetone Gate, ALC gain M3. Input from PTT, microprocessor M7. Input from fitter contro! selection, vo Input from mixer module M3 or TX amp. ‘Output to M3 mixer module or RX IF amp. Input from fiter. Output to M1 audio module. Input from RX IF output. Output to 1650-kHz IF Amp, 75-MHz IF ‘Amp MB. Input from balanced modulator M1. Output to 1650-kHz sideband filter. uo Input from RX antenna through M1 Output to RX 75 MHz IF amp.TABLE 3-1. Module Function Chart, Continued. Converts 75-MHz SSB signal to TX output fre- quency. IF Amp 75-MHz Q3 RX. 75-MHz Crystal Fiter IF Amp 75-MHz Q11 RX. Mixer. 75-MHz to 1.65-MHz RX. Mixer. 1.65-MHz to 75-MHz TX. IF Amp 75-MHz TX. ‘TX Amp 1.6-30 MHz, SYN 1 BUFFER, ‘SYN 2 BUFFER, M4_TX POWER AMPLIFIER MODULE FUNCTION ‘TX Power Amplifier. M5_AUTOMATIC ANTENNA TUNER MODULE FUNCTION ‘Antenna Tuner. Serial Decoders & Relay Drivers. Input from TX 75-MHz filter. Output to TX 2 to 30-MHz amplifier. Osc. - 76.6 to 105-MHz Syn. 1 buffer. Input from double-balanced mixer. Output to 75-MHz filter. Filters 75-MHz IF TX and RX. Input from 75-MHz filter. Input from AGC control. Output to mixer Q12. Input from 75-MHz IF Amp. Ose. 73.95-MHz Syn. 2 butler. Output to 1.65-MHz M2. Input from 1.65-MHz M2. Osc. 73.35-MHz Syn. 2 butter. Output to 75-MHz IF Amp TX. Input from 75-MHz Mixer. Input from ALC control M1. Output to 75 MHz - Filter 75 MHz. Input from balanced mixer. Output to TX PA M4. Input from Syn. 1 M6. Output to Mixers. Input from Syn. 2 M6. Output to Mixers. vo Input from Exciter M3. Output to LP filers M1. vo Input from LP filters M1. Output to Antenna—Whip or 50 ohm. Input from microprocessor M7. Output to latching relays. 35TABLE 3-1. Module Function Chart, Continued. M6_SYNTHESIZERS - SYN1/SYN2 MODULE FUNCTION vo Syn. 1: 76.60-104.99 MHz. Output to Syn. 1 butter M3. Syn. 2: 78.9401 - 73.35 MHz. Output to Syn. 2 butfer M3 Serial Decoders. Input trom microprocessor M7. M7_MICROPROCESSOR & CONTROL MODULE FUNCTION vo Serial Bus. Input from microprocessor. Output to all serial ports. Control Switches. Read by microprocessor. Tone Generator. Input from microprocessor and CW key. Output to TX audio M1. Voltage Doubler Driver. Output to voltage doubler. Voltage Regulator 5 V. Output to MB, MS. Voltage Regulator 8 V. Output to various modules. MB_DISPLAY & DRIVER MODULE FUNCTION vo Backplane Generator. Output to LCD Display Backlight Generator. Output to LCD Display Backtight, Serial Decoders & Segment Drivers. Input trom microprocessor M7 Output to LCD Display. Signal Buffers Input from microprocessor M7. Output to accessory connector. Channel Decoder Input from optional remote-control handset. ‘Output to microprocessor M7. 36TABLE 3-2. Receive Signal Flow. INITIAL CONDITIONS Mode: usB, Frequency: 29.9999 MHz. Power Level: High. Volume: Fully CW. LOCATION 1. M3 Mixer Module M3Q51 Collector M3US1, Pin 3 M3Q53 Collector Msa1, Pin 1 M3Q4 Collector Msqa, Pin 1 2, M2 1650 IF Module M2J3. 1650 Input Mean, Pin 1 M2Q2 Collector 3. M1 Audio Module M1U3, Pin 1 M1U3, Pin 8 MMU5, Pin 2 MAUS, Pin 5 M1v2, Pin 2 M142, Pin 6 ‘Signal Generator Settings: Frequency: Level: Modulation: SIGNAL 1.2Vpp 0.2 Vp-p 1.5 Vpp 0.15 Vp-p 1.5 Vpp 0.4 Vpp 60 MVpp 0.4 Vpp 1.2 Vpp 2.5 Vpp 0.7 Vpp 0.2 Vpp 3.2 Vpp 3.0 Vpp 5.0 Vpp 30.0009 MHz, 107 pv. 0%. COMMENTS: 104.9999-MHz Synth 1. 75-MHz IF Signal, 75-MHz IF Signal. 75-MHz IF Signal. 73.3499-KHz Synth 2. 1650-KHz IF Signal. 1650-kHz IF Signal. 1650-kHz IF Signal 1650-kHz IF Signal 1650-BFO Signal. 1000-Hz Audio. 1000-Hz Audio, 1000-Hz Audio, 1000-Hz Audio. 1000-Hz Audio. 37