PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

AND CAREERS

PREPARED BY: IDYLL RUTH V. BASIÑO

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND CAREERS

INTRODUCTION
This module is designed to develop students’ career plan and
to supply them with relevant concepts about careers and
career choice factors. In this module, students are presented
with personal development, career development, and the
different factors affecting one’s career choice. To guide
students in setting their career paths, there are activities in
this module that will develop an awareness of how they were
able to choose their career, why they wanted it, and what they
2 have to do to achieve their goals.
PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND CAREERS

LEARNING OUTCOMES
After this learning module, the students are able to:
1. explain the relationship between personal development and chosen
career path;
2. recognize their strengths and challenges;
3. identify factors affecting one’s career choice;
4. express reason/s in choosing their career/course;
5. identify the career development theory that best suit them; and
6. create one’s career plan.

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PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND CAREERS

This module is designed to develop students’ career plan and to supply

them with relevant concepts about careers and career choice factors. In
this module, students are presented with personal development, career
development, and the different factors affecting one’s career choice. To
guide students in setting their career paths, there are activities in this
module that will develop an awareness of how they were able to choose
their career, why they wanted it, and what they have to do to achieve their
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goals.
PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
AND CAREERS
 Career can be defined as the entirety of decisions
CAREER DEVELOPMENT

that direct one’s educational, social, economic,

political, and spiritual endeavors and reflect his
unique personality characteristics and basic life
values.”

CAREER DEVELOPMENT is a journey of self-

discovery – exploring and deciding more about
ourselves like what interests us, what we love to
do, and what we are really passionate about –
that molds us and our careers.

Career development is a lifetime process; thus, it

doesn’t end after one decides to take a job or
occupation.

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CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY

C A R E E R D E V E L O P M E N T T H E O RY

Career Development Theory is a study of career

paths and professional growth. This study’s goal is
to give reasons on why a person may be suitable for
a particular career. There have been many theories
on career development but these four main
categories were the foundation of them all.

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 CAREER DEVELOPMENT
CAREER DEVELOPMENT

THEORY

TRAIT
FA C TO R PSYCHOLOGICAL DECISION D E V E L O P M E N TA L

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 CAREER DEVELOPMENT
CAREER DEVELOPMENT

THEORY
Trait Factor Theory, also referred to as Trait and Factor
Theory, has three steps. First, one should be examined
according to his personality traits, then, gather the
character traits of the career he wanted to have. Lastly,
measure the personality trait of that person against the
job traits.

TRAIT
FA C TO R
This is to determine whether
PSYCHOLOGICAL
a person’s
DECISION
skills, values,
D E V E L O P M E N TA L
interests, and traits would match the career factors or
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profile.
 CAREER DEVELOPMENT
CAREER DEVELOPMENT

THEORY
Holland Theory of Vocational Types is a theory that
pays attention to behavioral or personality types as the
main factor or influence in career choice development.
Holland proposed that career choice is an expression
of personality, not just a random choice. He identified
six personality categories in this theory which he
believes a person is made up of but will have one
PSYCHOLOGICAL dominant type and other
D E C Imixed
S I O N types.D E V E L O P M E N TA L

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 CAREER DEVELOPMENT
CAREER DEVELOPMENT

THEORY
Situational or Sociological – Albert Bandura (Self Efficacy-
1970’s)

Social Cognitive Theory derived from self-efficacy theory of

Albert Bandura. In this theory, a person has the ability to
exercise control over his thoughts, beliefs, and actions since
self-efficacy is defined as the belief in one’s capabilities to plan,
organize, and implement actions that will have desirable results,
DECISION D E V E L O P M E N TA L
thus, self-efficacy is considered as the most influential or
predictor of human behavior.
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 CAREER DEVELOPMENT
CAREER DEVELOPMENT

THEORY
Self Concept over life span - Donald Super (1950’s)

Developmental Self-Concept Theory was derived from the

concept that human beings are always in constant change and
go through life experiences, learning, and doing new and
challenging things while changing roles along the process. This
theory entails that because of the experiences one goes through
in lifeline, he may have changes on how he views himself, thus,
D E V E L O P M E N TA L
affecting his career development.

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 FACTORS AFFECTING
CAREER DEVELOPMENT

CAREER CHOICE
I NTERNAL FACTORS EXTERNAL FACTORS
1. Self-concept/self-identity 1. Parental preferences
2. Personal Preferences 2. Financial Constraints
3. Motivation 3. Job Market Preference
4. Self-confidence 4. Peer Pressure
5. Personal Skills 5. Gender Bias
6. Personal Characteristic
7. Personal Health
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8. Emotional Considerations
INTERNAL FACTORS
INTERNAL FACTORS

Self-concept is a very important

factor in identifying the career a
person wants to take. With self-
concept, a person is able to
determine who he really is and
therefore, there’s a high
probability that he will choose
the career he really wants
SELF-CONCEPT/
SELF-IDENTITY
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INTERNAL FACTORS

Considering what a person loves to do

and to be is a factor that influences
career choice. There is, however, a
challenge in this factor. In many
Filipino homes, children’s personal
preferences are not being
acknowledged especially if their
parents wish them to take another
PERSONAL career or college course.
PREFERENCES
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INTERNAL FACTORS

The majority of Filipinos’ motivation

in choosing their career is their desire
to uplift their family’s lives. There are
also other drives for a person to
choose his career: to achieve his
fullest potential as a human being; to
be wealthy; to be powerful; and to be
happy. It is important for a person to
have motivation because if he doesn't
have one, he may be an unfulfilled
MOTIVATION human being.
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INTERNAL FACTORS

“I can do this!” or “I think I can’t do

this.” Confidence, whether high or low,
has an effect on how a person chooses
his career. A person who has high
confidence won’t think twice about
taking the career he is into and what he
knows he’s capable of. Meanwhile, a
person who thinks low of himself
would probably have difficulty in
SELF- choosing his career and probably
CONFIDENCE would end up choosing a career not
suitable for him.
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INTERNAL FACTORS

“What do I like? What activities do I

enjoy?” The skills a person has greatly
contribute to his career choice. If a
person enjoys cooking, that is a skill. If
one is really good at speaking, that’s a
skill as well. If a person has developed
self-awareness, thus, knowing what
he’s good a t , he woul d proba bl y
choose the most suitable course or
career for him that will enhance his
PERSONAL SKILLS skills more.
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INTERNAL FACTORS

There are characteristics a person has

and these characteristics are matched
to a particular career. Knowing these
characteristics will help a person in
choosing his career. For example, if a
person is creative and expressive, he
may be artistic, thus, looking into
becoming a writer, artist, or designer.
PERSONAL
CHARACTERISTIC
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INTERNAL FACTORS

Considering personal health is also a

factor in career choice. For example, a
person who wants to be a police officer
couldn’t be one because of heart or
lung disease. Another example, one
may want to be a doctor but is afraid of
blood or has anxieties. This could be a
challenge for people who have health
problems and thus, affects their career
PERSONAL HEALTH choice.

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INTERNAL FACTORS

Sometimes, a person may be in a kind

of situation that causes him
distractions, especially in making
decisions. For example, a person is
e x p e ri e n c i n g i n t e n s e a n g e r o v e r
someone thus choosing a career related
to having revenge. Another example
would be familiar mostly to Filipinos,
EMOTIONAL if a very close family member dies and
CONSIDERATIONS one chooses to be in the medical field
because of sadness or guilt.
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EXTERNAL FACTORS
INTERNAL FACTORS

Most often, parents would direct or

advise their child on what course or
career to take. Sometimes, others are
being forced to have the same career as
their parents or at least one of the
parents to continue the “legacy” or
“tradition’. Parents’ decisions
definitely affect the career choice of
PARENTAL their child.
PREFERENCES
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INTERNAL FACTORS

Another common factor in choosing a

career is financial constraint. One may
want to be a nurse but because of the
high tuition fee and other expenses, he
may think twice and probably have
another course/career that has lower
expenses. This factor can be resolved
by looking for scholarships that are
FINANCIAL available.
CONSTRAINTS
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INTERNAL FACTORS

A person’s career may also be affected

by market demand. For those who
would like to be employed right after
graduation, this could be a reason for
t h e m t o c h o o s e a c a r e e r. T h i s i s
somehow true in the Philippines where
people have family obligations like
providing for the family’s needs and
JOB MARKET uplifting their lives.
PREFERENCE
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INTERNAL FACTORS

Teenagers, who are about to make

choices for their career or college
course, may still be confused about
what they want to be or be scared of
what lies ahead. Because of this, they
may possibly rely or depend on the
people close to them like their friends
or even, special someone.

PEER PRESSURE
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 There were college courses or careers
INTERNAL FACTORS

that considered gender to be associated

with just a particular career. For
example, before, engineering was just
opened for males and nursing was just
for females. Although soc i e t y i s
already open to this change, there are
some parents or even other members
of the family who still think that a
career must be based on one’s gender,
thus, affecting the decision of the
GENDER BIAS adolescent getting ready for his future.
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 CAREER PLAN
PRESENTATION TITLE

Planning one’s career is not easy and would

definitely take time and several steps. Career
planning includes self-awareness– identifying who
you really are, personal core values, things you are
passionate about, life goals, strengths and
challenges, personality traits and characteristics, and
even factors that affect your career choice.

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PRESENTATION TITLE

LET US CONSIDER THESE QUESTIONS IN CAREER PLANNING

1 2 3 4 5
What are What are What are What are What are
your your your your your Life
Personal Passions? Personality Strengths Goals?
Core Values? Traits? and
Challenges?

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