NAME SREE GANESH S

USN 4DM23CS116

PROGRAM COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

ACADEMIC YEAR & 2024-2025 ; 3RD SEMESTER

SEMESTER

DATE OF SUBMISSION 04-11-2024

COURSE AND COURSE CODE SOCIAL CONNECT AND RESPONSIBILITY

(SCR)

TOPIC NAME Review On District (Food System in KANNUR)

FACULTY NAME Prof. Rohith A R

Signature of student: Signature of faculty:

An Integrated Study of KANNUR: Food Systems,
Education, Administration, Population, and Socio-
Cultural Dynamics

Food Systems

Kannur's food system is influenced by its coastal geography, leading to a rich variety of seafood and
agricultural produce. The region is known for its traditional food practices and local cuisines, such as

Thalassery biryani .
Education

Kannur has a well-established education system with numerous schools, colleges, and universities. The
region emphasizes both traditional and modern education, with institutions offering a range of programs
from primary education to higher studies.
Administration

The administration in Kannur is structured to support both urban and rural areas. Local governance
bodies, such as panchayats, play a crucial role in managing resources and implementing development
projects. The district administration works in tandem with these bodies to ensure effective governance.

Population

Kannur has a diverse population with a mix of various ethnic groups and communities. The population
dynamics are shaped by factors such as migration, urbanization, and demographic trends. The region has
seen significant growth in both urban and rural populations.

Socio-Cultural Dynamics

Kannur is known for its vibrant cultural heritage, including festivals, music, dance, and art. The
sociocultural dynamics are influenced by traditional practices, modernization, and the interaction
between different communities. The region celebrates various cultural events that reflect its rich history
and traditions.

Kannur: A Blend of History, Culture, and Progress

Kannur, a coastal city in Kerala, India, is known for its scenic beaches, vibrant cultural heritage, and a
history interwoven with trade, colonial influence, and rich traditions. Located on the Malabar Coast,
Kannur has transformed from a historical port town into a modern center of education, tourism, and
economic growth, all while maintaining its deep cultural roots.

Historical significance
Kannur, historically referred to as "Cannanore" by the British, has been a major trading hub since ancient
times. This region was once part of the ancient Kolathunadu kingdom and was visited by Arab, Persian,
and Chinese traders, who contributed to the city’s rich, multicultural fabric. Kannur’s strategic coastal
location attracted colonial powers like the Portuguese, Dutch, and British, who established trading posts
and forts to control the spice trade.

The imposing St. Angelo Fort, built by the Portuguese in 1505, stands as a reminder of Kannur's colonial
past. Another significant historical site is the Arakkal Palace, once the seat of the Arakkal royal family—
the only Muslim dynasty in Kerala. These landmarks are not only symbols of Kannur’s history but also
attract thousands of visitors each year.

cultural ricHness
Kannur is often called the "Land of Looms and Lores," reflecting its deep connection to handloom
weaving and its storied cultural traditions. The city is famous for Theyyam, an ancient ritualistic
performance art that combines dance, music, and elaborate costumes to depict mythological stories.
Theyyam is performed in many temples across Kannur, especially from October to May, and is a powerful
representation of the region’s spirituality and artistic heritage.

Kannur also has a rich tradition of folk arts, including Kalari Payattu, one of the oldest martial arts forms
in the world, which originated in Kerala. The craft of handloom weaving remains integral to the local
economy, with traditional weavers producing high-quality cotton textiles that are renowned across India.

natural Beauty
Kannur’s natural beauty, with its pristine beaches, rolling hills, and scenic backwaters, makes it a stunning
destination. Popular beaches like Payyambalam Beach, Muzhappilangad Drive-in Beach (India’s longest
drive-in beach), and Meenkunnu Beach draw both locals and tourists. The coastal town of Thalassery,
close to Kannur, adds to the region’s charm with its historical significance and beaches.

The region also boasts lush green landscapes with the Western Ghats running through parts of Kannur,
providing ample opportunities for trekking, birdwatching, and experiencing Kerala’s natural diversity
economic and tecHnological Progress
While rooted in tradition, Kannur has also seen significant economic growth and modernization.
Handloom and fishing industries continue to be major sources of livelihood, but recent years have seen
the emergence of new sectors, particularly in tourism and education.

The Kannur International Airport, inaugurated in 2018, has greatly improved connectivity, boosting
tourism and opening new economic avenues. Additionally, Kannur is known for institutions like the
Kannur University, which supports higher education in various fields, and the Government Medical
College. These institutions contribute to the city's growing reputation as an educational center.

Kannur is also seeing growth in the IT sector, with the establishment of IT parks and business hubs aimed
at encouraging technological innovation and creating job opportunities for young professionals.

Kannur is a city where history, culture, and development coexist in harmony. The legacy of trade and
colonial influence, the vibrant traditions of Theyyam and Kalari, and the serene landscapes all make
Kannur unique. With advancements in infrastructure, education, and technology, Kannur is on a path
toward progress, offering both the charm of tradition and the promise of a dynamic future. This blend of
heritage and modernity makes Kannur an essential part of Kerala's identity and an appealing destination
for both locals and visitors alike.

culinary sPecialties:
Kannur, like much of Kerala, boasts a rich culinary heritage that combines spices, coconut, and traditional
cooking methods to create bold, flavorful dishes. Influenced by its coastal location and historical
connections with Arab, Portuguese, and British traders, Kannur’s cuisine offers a variety of seafood,
traditional Malabar dishes, and unique desserts that reflect the region’s diverse heritage. Here are some
culinary specialties from Kannur that showcase its unique flavor profile:

1. Thalassery Biryani

Thalassery, a town close to Kannur, is renowned for its unique version of biryani, often considered one of
Kerala's best. Thalassery Biryani is distinct from other Indian biryanis, as it is made with a special type of
short-grain rice called Jeerakasala rice (also known as Kaima rice). This biryani is fragrant and lightly
spiced, cooked with ghee, caramelized onions, and a rich blend of spices along with chicken or mutton. It
is usually served with a side of raita, pickle, and a unique Malabar tamarind curry.
2. Pathiri

Pathiri is a traditional rice-based flatbread commonly served in Malabar cuisine. It’s a soft, thin bread
made from rice flour, often served with fish or meat curry. Nei Pathiri (ghee pathiri) is a variation made
by frying the bread, resulting in a crispy texture. Kannur locals frequently enjoy pathiri with spicy chicken
or mutton curry, making it a delicious, gluten-free staple of the region.

3. Meen Curry (Fish Curry)

Given its coastal location, Kannur is famous for its seafood, especially fish curries made with fresh catch
from the Arabian Sea. Meen Curry, or fish curry, is prepared with coconut milk, tamarind, green chilies,
and spices, giving it a tangy and spicy flavor. A unique ingredient often used in the Malabar region’s fish
curry is Malabar tamarind (kudampuli), which adds a distinctive smoky sourness to the dish.

4. Kallumakkaya (Mussels) Fry

Kannur is known for its kallumakkaya, or mussels, which are abundant in the region. Mussels are often
prepared in a variety of ways, with one of the most popular methods being the kallumakkaya fry. The
mussels are marinated with spices, including chili powder, turmeric, and garam masala, then fried to
perfection. Kallumakkaya fry is a must-try seafood dish in Kannur, often served as a starter or a side dish
with rice.

5. Malabar Parotta

The Malabar Parotta is a flaky, layered flatbread that’s popular throughout Kerala, especially in Kannur.
Made with all-purpose flour and ghee, this parotta is kneaded and layered to achieve its unique texture.
It’s usually enjoyed with spicy curries like beef or chicken, and its slightly crispy exterior pairs perfectly
with the richness of Kerala-style gravies.

6. Chemmeen Curry (Prawn Curry)

Chemmeen (prawns) is another seafood delicacy that’s popular in Kannur. Chemmeen Curry is prepared
in a rich, creamy coconut gravy seasoned with spices like turmeric, coriander, and chili powder, with a
touch of tamarind or kudampuli for sourness. The curry has a thick, delicious sauce that complements
the prawns' sweetness, and it's often served with steamed rice or parotta.

. Malabar Halwa

One of Kannur’s iconic sweets is Malabar Halwa, which is famous for its jelly-like consistency and vibrant
colors. Made from coconut oil, sugar, and various flavorings like banana, cashew, or jackfruit, this halwa
is a must-try. Kannur’s halwa shops, especially in the local markets, offer a wide variety of flavors and
colors, making it a popular souvenir for visitors to take home.
7. Unnakkaya

Unnakkaya is a beloved snack in Kannur, especially popular among the Muslim communities of the
region. Made from mashed bananas, this sweet and savory treat is stuffed with a mixture of grated
coconut, sugar, and sometimes nuts, before being fried to golden perfection. Unnakkaya is typically
served during festive occasions and makes for a delightful tea-time snack.

10

11. Kinnathappam

Kinnathappam is a traditional steamed rice cake that is soft, mildly sweet, and flavored with coconut
milk, cardamom, and sugar. It is often prepared during festivals and is popular for its simplicity and
lightness. Kannur locals enjoy kinnathappam as a tea-time snack, and it is a delightful dessert for those
looking for a milder, less sugary treat.

12. Pazham Nirachathu

Pazham Nirachathu is a stuffed banana dessert popular in Kannur and other parts of Kerala. Ripe
bananas are stuffed with grated coconut, sugar, and cardamom, then shallow-fried to give a golden,
caramelized crust. This dessert is a favorite during iftar (the evening meal to break the fast in Ramadan)
and other special occasions.

Conclusion

Kannur’s cuisine reflects its coastal geography, its historical influences, and the cultural diversity of the
Malabar region. From the unique Thalassery Biryani and the spicy seafood dishes to the array of sweets
and snacks, the culinary specialties of Kannur are a treat for food lovers. Each dish brings out the rich
flavors of Kerala spices, coconut, and tropical fruits, making Kannur a fantastic destination for
experiencing authentic Malabar cuisine.

literacy rate of Kannur:

Kannur, located in the state of Kerala, India, is well-regarded for its high literacy rate, which reflects the
region's strong emphasis on education and social development. As of the most recent data, Kannur
boasts a literacy rate of approximately 95.41%. This impressive figure is a testament to the effective
educational policies and the community's commitment to fostering literacy and learning.

Factors Contributing to High Literacy Rate in Kannur:

1. government initiatives : The Kerala state government has implemented numerous educational
programs and policies aimed at improving literacy rates across the state, including in Kannur. These
initiatives include free and compulsory education for children, mid-day meal schemes, and continuous
teacher training programs.

2. Quality educational institutions : Kannur is home to a range of reputable educational

institutions, from primary schools to higher education centers. Institutions like Kannur University and
various government and private schools provide quality education, contributing to the high literacy
rates.

3. community involvement: The active participation of local communities and non-governmental

organizations (NGOs) in promoting education has played a significant role. Literacy campaigns and
adult education programs have helped improve literacy rates among the older population as well.

Kannur’s high literacy rate is a result of effective governmental policies, quality educational institutions,
community involvement, and a cultural emphasis on the importance of education. This focus on literacy
has not only improved the standard of living in Kannur but also contributed to the district's overall social
and economic development, setting a positive example for other regions to follow.
 administration in Kannur
Kannur, a district in the northern part of Kerala, has a well-organized administrative structure responsible
for governance, law enforcement, development projects, and public welfare services. The district
administration operates under the guidance of the Kerala state government, with various departments
and authorities working together to manage civic, social, and economic aspects of the region.

1. District Administration

The District Collector is the chief administrative officer in Kannur and is appointed by the Kerala state
government. The District Collector oversees all administrative functions, coordinates development
programs, manages law and order, and serves as a bridge between the state government and local
bodies.

The District Collector is supported by various other officers, including Deputy Collectors, Revenue
Divisional Officers (RDOs), and Tahsildars, who manage specific administrative zones within the district.
2. Local Self-Government (Panchayats and Municipalities)

Kannur’s local administration is divided into rural and urban areas, with Panchayats governing the rural
areas and municipalities overseeing urban regions.

- Grama Panchayats : Kannur district has several Grama Panchayats that manage village-level
administration. They are responsible for providing basic amenities such as water supply, sanitation,
waste management, and local roads.

- Municipalities: Urban centers in Kannur, including Kannur city and Thalassery, are administered
by municipal councils. Each municipality has an elected body that is responsible for urban planning,
public health, waste management, road infrastructure, and other services in urban areas.

3. Law and Order

The law enforcement in Kannur is managed by the Kerala Police, under the leadership of the District
Police Superintendent. The district is divided into several police subdivisions, each headed by a Deputy
Superintendent of Police (DySP).

The police force in Kannur is responsible for maintaining law and order, crime prevention, traffic
management, and ensuring public safety. They work closely with other state agencies, including the
Kerala State Excise Department and the Coastal Police, given Kannur’s proximity to the coastline.

4. Judiciary

Kannur has a robust judicial system, with district and subordinate courts that handle civil, criminal, and
family cases. The District Court in Kannur is the highest court at the district level and is headed by a
District Judge. Subordinate courts include Munsiff Courts, Magistrate Courts, and Family Courts, which
address cases based on jurisdiction and severity.

The judiciary in Kannur operates independently, but works in conjunction with the district administration
to enforce legal and regulatory standards.

5. Development Authorities and Committees

Kannur’s administration includes various committees and development authorities that focus on specific
sectors:
- Kannur Development Authority: This authority is involved in urban planning, infrastructure
development, and housing projects. It plays a key role in ensuring sustainable development as the city
expands.

6. Revenue Administration

The Revenue Department in Kannur is in charge of land revenue collection, land records management,
and property registrations. The revenue administration is divided into subdivisions, each managed by
Revenue Divisional Officers (RDOs), and further into taluks governed by Tahsildars.

This department also handles disaster management, especially for dealing with monsoons, floods, and
other natural disasters, which can impact coastal areas.

7. Health and Education Departments

The **District Health Department** in Kannur oversees public healthcare services, including hospitals,
clinics, and primary health centers. It plays a crucial role in disease prevention, public health programs,
and immunization drives.

. Tourism Development

Tourism is a significant sector in Kannur, and the **Kerala Tourism Department** along with the
**District Tourism Promotion Council (DTPC)** work to promote and develop tourism infrastructure.
They manage various tourism projects, maintain tourist facilities, and organize cultural festivals to attract
visitors, capitalizing on Kannur’s natural and cultural attractions.
9. Transportation and Public Works

The **Kerala State Transport Department** and **Public Works Department (PWD)** are responsible
for maintaining Kannur’s road infrastructure, government buildings, and public transportation. The
district also has a railway station and is well-connected by road, and **Kannur International Airport**
provides air connectivity to domestic and international locations, boosting both tourism and trade.

geograPHy and climate of Kannur

1. Topography:

o Kannur’s landscape is a blend of coastal plains, river valleys, and highlands. The topography
is primarily divided into three sections: the lowlands along the coast, the midlands
consisting of rolling hills and valleys, and the highlands bordering the Western Ghats.

o The coastal region is characterized by sandy beaches, backwaters, and estuaries.

2. Rivers:

o Several rivers flow through Kannur, including the Valapattanam River, which is the longest
river in the district, and the Kuppam River. These rivers are essential for irrigation, drinking
water, and contribute to the district’s natural beauty.

o The rivers are rain-fed and flow into the Arabian Sea, creating estuaries and supporting
ecosystems that include mangroves and diverse aquatic life.

3. Beaches and Backwaters:

o Kannur is famous for its pristine beaches, such as Payyambalam Beach, Muzhappilangad
Drive-in Beach, and Meenkunnu Beach.
 o The backwaters of Kannur, although not as extensive as those in central Kerala, include
scenic areas that attract tourists, particularly near Valapattanam and Dharmadam.

4. Forests and Wildlife:

o The eastern part of Kannur, bordering the Western Ghats, is rich in forests and biodiversity.
The Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary in Kannur is home to various species of flora and fauna,
including elephants, leopards, deer, and several types of birds.

o These forested areas play a crucial role in conserving biodiversity and serve as a watershed
for rivers.

o Pre-monsoon showers often occur during this period, providing some relief from the heat.

Climate Impact on Lifestyle and Agriculture

1. Agriculture:

o The monsoon season supports agriculture, particularly rice and coconut farming, which
are staple crops in Kannur. Other major crops include spices (like pepper), areca nut,
cashew, and rubber.

o The fertile alluvial soil in the river valleys supports a range of crops, while the midland
regions are ideal for plantation crops.

2. Tourism:

o The winter months attract the highest number of tourists, who come to enjoy Kannur’s
beaches, cultural festivals, and pleasant weather.

o Monsoon tourism is also popular among those who want to experience the lush
greenery and the unique charm of rain-drenched landscapes, though travel may be
limited by heavy rains.

3. Traditional Lifestyles:

o The weather patterns in Kannur, particularly the heavy monsoons, play a significant role
in traditional lifestyles and cultural practices.

o Festivals, agricultural activities, and fishing are often scheduled around the monsoon
season, with communities prepared for the rains and their impact on daily activities.

Politics of Kannur:
Kannur, located in the northern part of Kerala, is known for its vibrant and sometimes intense political
landscape. The district has a long history of political activism, marked by ideological clashes, especially
between the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) and the Indian National Congress (INC), with
significant influence also exerted by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in recent years. Politics in Kannur is
deeply rooted in the region's socio-economic fabric, and its political landscape often reflects broader
trends in Kerala and national politics.

1. Major Political Parties in Kannur

 • Communist Party of India (Marxist) [CPI(M)]:

o Kannur is often regarded as a stronghold for CPI(M) and leftist politics. The party has had
deep-rooted support in the district since the early 20th century, with a strong presence

o
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP):

• Although traditionally weaker in Kerala

. Key Political Dynamics

• Left vs. Right Ideological Divide:

o Kannur’s political landscape is often characterized by ideological battles, especially

between the CPI(M) on the left and the BJP on the right. The Congress party also plays a
central role, creating a three-way dynamic that can be seen in electoral contests, public
policies, and local governance issues. .

Electoral Landscape

• Legislative Assembly Constituencies:

o Kannur district is divided into several constituencies for the Kerala Legislative Assembly,
including Kannur, Dharmadom, Taliparamba, Payyannur, and Azhikode, among others.

o In these constituencies, elections are often tightly contested, with CPI(M) maintaining a
strong hold in many areas, while Congress and BJP have pockets of support.

• Parliamentary Constituency:

o Kannur is part of the Kannur Lok Sabha constituency, and its parliamentary elections
reflect both local issues and state-wide political trends.

o CPI(M) has traditionally held a strong influence in the Lok Sabha elections from this
region, although the Congress party has been competitive. BJP has been making inroads,
but it has yet to establish a strong parliamentary presence.

Development and Governance Issues in Kannur

• Infrastructure Development:

Political parties in Kannur often campaign on promises of infrastructure development, including road
construction, healthcare facilities, and improvements to Kannur International Airport.
CONCLUSION:

This comprehensive report on Kannur has illuminated the multifaceted aspects of the city, highlighting its
rich cultural heritage, dynamic food system, thriving economy, and unique administrative framework. As
one of Kerala's prominent urban centers, Kannur is characterized by a vibrant population that embraces
diversity, resulting in a unique blend of traditions and modern influences. The high literacy rate and
emphasis on education have fostered a skilled workforce, while the presence of various institutions of
higher learning contributes to ongoing intellectual and economic development. Kannur's agricultural
foundation remains vital, supporting local livelihoods and providing an array of fresh produce and
seafood that play a central role in the culinary landscape. The city’s historical significance as a trading
hub is reflected in its rich culinary traditions, which celebrate the local agricultural bounty and diverse
cultural influences. Local markets and street food culture contribute to the city's lively atmosphere,
ensuring access to affordable and delicious food for residents and visitors alike. As Kannur navigates the
challenges of urbanization, it is essential to strike a balance between preserving its rich heritage and
embracing modern advancements. The commitment to sustainable development, community
engagement, and cultural preservation will be crucial in shaping the future of this dynamic city. Overall,
Kannur stands as a testament to the enduring spirit of its people and the harmonious coexistence of
tradition and modernity, making it a vital cultural and economic hub in Kerala.