Passage 1/ page 89

On December 10, 2006, I was going through some hard time. The landlady did not want to release the house any more so
I had to (1) _____and only had one month to find a place. Because Christmas was coming and it was difficult for me to
(2) _____ a suitable accommodation. I had only some money (3) _____I could not buy a Christmas tree and some presents
for my three boys, (4) _____I had to use the money to find a place to live. Tome, it broke my heart as I could not prepare
the Christmas for my three boys. I have been their only parent since my husband (5) _____ away two years ago. I was so
sad and everything was getting on my nerves. Although I managed to solve the problem myself I could not help (6)
_____my sons about the things. When I suddenly woke up at midnight, I found my eldest son was sitting (7) _____me. He
kissed me and said, "Don't worry, Mum. We love you very much and always stand by you (8) _____ happens." At the
moment I started weeping, grabbed him and kissed him. His words and love made me (9) _____all about what I was
stressing about. In fact, ever since that moment, I have realized that I can overcome any problems thanks to my sons' love.
The most important thing of my life is that my boys are safe and healthy, and they bring me joy all the time. The memory
(10) _____me that nothing really matters, when I have the love of my children.
1. a. transfer b. convert c. move d. change
2. a. notice b. watch c. find d. see
3. a. leave b. to leave c. leaving d. left
4. a. because b. although c. as though d. if
5. a. passes b. passed c. has passed d. was passing
6. a. tell b. to tell c. told d. telling
7. a. by b. next c. over d. up
8. a. whenever b. whatever c. whoever d. however
9. a. forget b. to forget c. forgot d. forgetting
10. a. remembers b. minds c. reminds d. misses

Passage 2/ page 103

Radar is an electronic device that can “see” great distances (1) _____fog, rain, snow, cloud, and darkness. It can find and
(2) _____locate missiles, aircraft, ships, cities, rainstorms, and mountains. Radar uses radio waves, (3) _____light waves,
which the human eye uses in seeing. This makes it (4) _____for radar to locate many kinds of objects at (5) _____greater
distances than the eye can see. Radar became an important military device during World War II. Today, networks of radar
lookout stations guard the United States and Canada 24 hours a day against (6) _____missiles and airplanes. Patrol planes
and ships (7) _____the oceans with radar for hostile ships and aircraft. Airports use radar to (8) _____planes safety to
earth in fog or storms. Ships use it to steer clear of other (9) _____or icebergs. Radar helps weathermen warn of (10)
_____ hurricanes or tornadoes.

1. A. in spite B. despite C. though D. although

2 A. cure B. exact C. accurately D. accurate
3. A. instead of B. in addition C. in stead D. in addition to
4. A. possibility B. possible C. possibly D. can
5. A. well B. farther C. far D. further
6. A. long range B. low range C. ranged D. length range
7. A. use B. find C. seek D. search
8. A. find B. take C. guide D. guidance
9. A. vessel B. vessels C. sail D. sails
10. A. to approach B. approaches C. approach D. approaching

Passage 3/page 164

(1) _______ history, women have always aimed for a recognized place in (2) _______. Guided by their own (3) _______
of knowledge and expertise, women like Marie Curie in science, Mary Wollstonecraft in literary writing, Simone de
Beauvois in philosophical existentialist debate, and Marie Stopes in medicine, to name a few, have brought about (4)
_______ awareness of the role of women in any walks of life. These women have helped redefine and (5) _______ the
nature of women's place in society. Today the (6) _______ of global women's organizations and the impact of women's
contributions (7) _______ society show that progress has been made and the progress in furthering the role of women in
society has been some benefit to the (8) _______ women. It is true to say that not all women have the same need. The
need of the woman who stays at home and (9) ________ children will differ widely from the woman who works outside.
Nonetheless, in the extensive field of equal opportunities, it would be good to know that access is given to both with equal
measure according to the true value of respective abilities. It also would be good to know that the woman at home is
recognized as a valued (10) _______ of society just as much as the one who deals on business outside the home.

1.A.Among B.Throughout C.During D.Upon

2.A.society B.social C.socialize D.socialist
3.A.region B.farm C.field D.path
4.A.a B.an C.the D.x
5.A.gain B.encourage C.force D.consolidate
6.A.right B.belief C.limit D.spread
7.A.on B.for C.to D.at
8.A.own B.private C.individual D.personal
9.A.rises B.raises C.increases D.lift
10.A.party B.competitor C.partner D.member

Passage 4/page 61

The warming of the Pacific Ocean has created weather patterns (1) _____ strongly affect the world. When the water is
warm, the (2) _____ of rainfall in Indonesia and the surrounding regions decreases. Australia could (3) _____experience a
drought in many parts. On (4) _____ hand, Chile (which borders the Pacific Ocean) is preparing for (5) _____ rainstorms.
In Pakistan and northwestern India, the weather pattern makes the rainy season weaker and makes the area much drier.
This happening is called El Nino and is used (6) _____ weather forecasters to make long-range weather predictions. They
also know that El Nino will (7) _____unusually heavy rains to the southwestern part of the United States and make the
central part of the country drier at the same time. According to research, weather forecasters (8) _____ know about the
coming weather with certainty. Now everything has become completely different. El Nino itself used to be (9) _____. It
would occur every two to seven years. But now, this weather pattern is becoming more frequent. We cannot say when and
how often tornadoes or cyclones occur. Scientists are unsure of the reason for this (10) _____. on a global scale either.

1. A. that B. what C. when D. whether

2. A. deal B. figure C. number D. amount
3. A. ever B. even C. nevertheless D. however
4. A. others B. other C. the other D. another
5. A. severe B .cruel C. strict D. angry
6. A. on B. by C. to D. at
7. A. carry B. fetch C. bring D. take
8. A. used to B. get used to C. are used to D. used to be
9. A. notable B. remarkable C. predictable D. incredible
10. A. shift B. transfer C. transformation D. change

Passage 5/page 96
The wind controls our planet's weather and climate. But how much do we understand about this complete force, which
can kill and spread fear?
 One night of October 15, 1987, the south of England was struck by the(1) _____ winds it had known for over two
hundred years. (2) _____ of over 130 km/h blew through the region. Nineteen people were killed, £1.5-billion worth of (3)
_____ was caused and 19 billion trees were (4) _____ in just a few hours.
Although people thought of this (5) _____ a hurricane, the winds of 1987 were only a force 7 storm. They are far better
known than much more serious storms of January 25, 1990, when most of Britain was hit by daytime winds of up to 173
km/h. On this (6) _____, 47 people were killed, even though, unlike in 1987, the weather forecasters issued accurate (7)
_____. (8) _____ weather events such as these are dramatic reminders of the power of the wind. It is one part of the
weather that people generally do not (9) _____ a second thought to, but across the world the wind (10) _____ a crucial
role in people's lives.
1. A. heaviest B. fastest C. strongest D. quickest
2. A. Blows B. Hits C. Clouds D. Gusts
3. A. hurt B. injury C. destruction D. damage
4. A. blown down B. cut down C. knocked down D. blown up
5. A. Like B. as C. unlike D. same as
6. A. Occasion B. event C. accident D. incident
7. A. threats B. warnings C. news D. signs
8. A. Extreme B. Excessive C. Extravagant D. Exaggerated
9. A. have B. make C. put D. give
10. A. has B. makes C. plays D. does

Passage 6/page 56
SHOPPING MALLS
Victor Gruen, an American architect, revolutionized shopping in the 1950s by creating the type of shopping centre that
we now call a shopping mall.
Gruen's aim was to provide a pleasant, quiet and spacious shopping environment with large car parks, which usually (1)
_____ building in the suburbs. He also wanted people to be able to shop in all kinds of weather. He (2) _____ on using
building designs that he knew people would feel (4) _____ with, but placed them in landscaped 'streets' that were entirely
enclosed and often covered with a curved glass roof. This was done to (5) _____ some of the older shopping arcades of
city centres, but while these housed only small speciality shops, Gruen's shopping malls were on a much grander (5)
_____.
Access to the whole shopping mall was gained by using the main doors, which (6) _____ the shopping 'streets' from the
parking (7) _____ outside. As there was no need to (8) _____ out bad weather, shops no longer needed windows and
doors, and people could wander freely from shop to shop. In many cities, shopping malls now (9) _____ much more than
just shops; cinemas, restaurants and other forms of entertainment are also (10) _____ in popularity.
1. A. resulted B. sought C. intended D. meant
2. A. insisted B. demanded C. requested D. emphasized
3. A. favorable B. agreeable C. comfortable D. enviable
4. A. model B. imitate C. repeat D. shadow
5. A. measure B. height C. size D. scale
6. A. disconnected B. withdrew C. separated D. parted
7. A. strips B. lines C. areas D. plots
8. A. hold B. get C. stay D. keep
9. A. contain B. concern C. consist D. compose
10. A. becoming B. growing C. raising D. advancing

Passage 7/page 129

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
Earth is the only place we know of in the universe that can support human life. (1) _____ human activities are making the
planet less fit to live on. As the western world carries on consuming two-thirds of the world's resources while half of the world's
population do so (2) _____ to stay alive we are rapidly destroying the (3) _____ resource we have by which all people can
survive and prosper. Everywhere fertile soil is (4) _____ built on or washed into the sea. Renewable resources are exploited so
much that they will never be able to recover (5) _____. We discharge pollutants into the atmosphere without any thought of the
consequences. As a (6) _____ the planet's ability to support people is being reduced at the very time when rising human numbers
and consumption are (7) _____ increasingly heavy demands on it.
The Earth's (8) _____ resources are there for us to use. We need food, water, air, energy, medicines, warmth, shelter and
minerals to (9) _____ us fed, comfortable, healthy and active. If we are sensible in how we use the resources, they will (10)
_____ indefinitely. But if we use them wastefully and excessively, they will soon run out and everyone will suffer.
1. A. still B. despite C. yet D. although
2. A. for B. just C. already D. entirely
3. A. lone B. individual C. lonely D. alone
4. A. sooner B. rather C. either D. neither
5. A. completely B. quite C. greatly D. utterly
6. A. result B. product C. development D. reaction
7. A. having B. doing C. taking D. making
8. A. natural B. real C. living D. genuine
9. A. stay B. keep C. maintain D. hold
10. A. last B. stand C. remain D. go

Passage 8/page 33
PAPER
‘Just imagine a day without paper,’ reads one advertisement for a Finnish paper company. It adds, ‘You almost
certainly see our products every day.’ And they're right. But in most industrial countries, people are so accustomed to
paper - whether it’s for holding their groceries, for drying their hands or for (1) them with the daily news - that its (2)
in their daily lives passes largely unnoticed.
At one (3) paper was in short supply and was used mainly for important documents, but more recently, growing
economies and new technologies have (4) a dramatic increase in the (5) of paper used. Today, there are more
than 450 different grades of paper, all designed for a different (6) .
Decades ago, some people predicted a ‘paperless office’. (7) , the widespread use of new technologies has gone
hand-in-hand with an increased use of paper. Research into the relationship between paper use and the use of computers
has shown that the general (8) is likely to be one of growth and interdependence.
However, the costs (9) in paper production, in terms of the world's land, water and air resources, are high. This
(10) some important questions. How much paper do we really need and how much is wasted?
1. A. providing B. delivering C. contributing D. giving
2. A. task B. operation C. service D. role
3. A. time B. instance C. date D. occasion
4. A. called on B. come around C. brought about D. drawn up
5. A. total B. portion C. number D. amount
6. A. point B. goal C. purpose D. result

7. A. Instead B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Alternatively

8. A. method B. order C. trend D. system
9. A. involved B. contained C. held D. connected
10. A. puts B. raises C. gets D. places

Passage 9/page 170

THE FAMILY
Statesmen define a family as “a group of individuals having a common dwelling and related by blood, adoption or
marriage, (1) includes common-law relationships”. Most people are born into one of these groups and (2) live
their lives as a family in such a group.
 Although the definition of a family may not change, (3) relationship of people to each other within the family
group changes as society changes. More and more wives are (4) paying jobs, and, as a result, the roles of husband, wife
and children are changing. Today, men expect to (5) for pay for about 40 years of their lives, and, in today’s marriages
(6) which both spouses have paying jobs, women can expect to work for about 30 to 35 years of their lives. This means that
men must learn to do their share of family tasks such as caring for the children and daily (7) chores. Children, too, especially
adolescents, have to (8) with the members of their family in sharing household tasks.
The widespread acceptance of contraception has meant that having (9) is as matter of choice, not an automatic
result of marriage. Marriage itself has become a choice. As alternatives (10) common- law relationships and single-
parent families have become socially acceptable, women will become more independent.

1. A. which B. that C. what D. it

2. A. must B. need C. would D. will

3. A. a B. any C. some D. the

4. A. taking B. making C. keeping D. performing

5. A. live B. work C. hope D. ask

6. A. in B. for C. with D. to

7. A. home B. family C. house D. household

8. A. carry B. deal C. cooperate D. combine

9. A. time B. families C. happiness D. children

10. A. similar to B. like C. such as D. or else

Passage 10/page 122

As computers have become (1) _____ tools for rapid and economic of production of picture, computer graphics has
emerged as one of the most rapidly growing fields in computers science. It such used routinely in such (2) _____ areas as
business, industry, government, research, training, and medicine.
One of the initial uses of computer graphics and ultimately its greatest use, been as an aid to design, generally (3)
_____ to as computer – aided design (CAD). One of its greatest advantages is (4) _____ designers can see how an object
will lock after construction and make changes freely and much more quickly than (5) _____ hands drafting. For three-
dimensional (6) _____ of machine parts, engineers rely heavily on CAD. Automobile, spacecraft, aerospace, and ship
designers use CAD techniques to design vehicles and (7) _____ their performance. Building designs are also created with
computer graphics systems. Architect can design a building (8) _____ create a three-dimensional model, and even go for
simulated “walk” through the rooms or around the outside of the building.
Business graphics is another rapidly growing are of computer graphics, where it is to create graphs, charts, and cost models
summarize financial, statistical, mathematical, scientific, and economic data. As an education aid, computer also has creative and
commercial art applications, where it is used in advertising, publishing and film productions (9) _____ for computer animation,
which is achieved by a (10) _____ process.
1. A. handful B. overbearing C. controlling D. powerful
2. A. widening B. diverse C. versatile D. variant
3. A. resorted B. inferred C. implied D. referred
 4. A. whether B. as C. that D. then
5. A. for B. with C. of D. over
6. A. rendering B. severing C. hindering D. pondering
7. A. try B. test C. experiment D. challenge
8. A. fallout B. layout C. breakout D. workout
9. A. specifically B. specially C. particularly D. definitely
10. A. consecutive B. connective C. sequential D. successive

Passage 11.

MARKETS
In practically any country in the world, you are sure to find a market somewhere. Markets have been with us since
ancient times, and arose wherever people needed to exchange the goods they produced. For example, a farmer might have
exchanged a cow for tools. But just as times have (71) ________, so have market practices. So, (72) ________ in early
times the main activity (73) ________ with markets would have been “bartering” – in (74) ________ words exchanging
goods – today most stall – holders wouldn’t be too (75) ________ on accepting potatoes as payment, for instance, instead
of cash. In contrast, what might be a common (76) ________ in a modern market in some countries is a certain amount of
“haggling”, where customer and seller eventually (77) ________ on a price, after what can sometimes be quite a heated
debate. However, behaviour which is (78) ________ in a market in one country may not be acceptable in another. Even
within one country, there may be some markets where you could haggle quite (79) ________ and others where it would be
(80) ________ not to try.
71. A. changed B. turned C. developed D. differed
72. A. however B. despite C. nevertheless D. whereas
73. A. associated B. relating C. connecting D. attached
74. A. different B. other C. new D. alternative
75. A. fond B. keen C. eager D. pleased
76. A. look B. vision C. sight D. view
77. A. confirm B. consent C. approve D. agree
78. A. expected B. insisted C. believed D. reckoned
79. A. simply B. plainly C. clearly D. easily
80. A. profitable B. advisable C. noticeable D. acceptable

Passage 12:
EVERYONE’S AN ARTIST
Every year, the village of Pettineo celebrrates its unique arts festival. For a few days each summer, artists from all
over Europe gather at this village near the north coast of Sicily to enjoy the creative atmosphere. During their stay, the
artists get together with the local people to paint a one-kilometre long picture that runs the (71) ________ of the high
street. (72) ________ the painting is done, each visiting artist joins a local family for a big lunch and, (73) ________ the
meal, the family receives the (74) ________ of the painting that the artist has painted. As a result, (75) ________ few
villagers are rich, almost every home has at least one painting by a well-known European artist. Visitors to the village are
eagerly (76) ________ into homes to see these paintings. The festival was the idea of Antonio Presti, a local businessman
who (77) ________ it up several years ago. Since then, Pettineo has (78) ________ a sort of domestic art museum in (79)
________ any visitor can ring a doorbell, go into a house and (80) ________ a painting. In addition to this exhibition of
paintings in people’s homes, for those who have time to spare, there is an opprtunity to wander through the display of
huge sculptures in the village square.
71. A. size B. measure C. length D. area
72. A. Just B. Once C. Soon D. Only
73. A. in addition to B. in place of C. in common with D. in exchange for
74. A. partition B. section C. division D. region
75. A. though B. despite C. since D. even
76. A. persuaded B. invited C. requested D. attracted
77. A. set B. put C. got D. had
78. A. become B. advanced C. grown D. increased
79. A. what B. where C. whom D. which
80. A. wonder B. stare C. admire D. respect

Passage 13
Animation traditionally is done by hand-drawing or painting successive frame of an object, each slightly different than the
proceeding frame. In computer animation, although the computer may be the one to draw the different frames, in most
cases the artist will draw the beginning and ending frames and the computer will produce the drawings between the first
and the last drawing. This is generally referred to as computer-assisted animation, because the computer is more of a
helper than an originator.
In full computer animation, complex mathematical formulas are used to produce the final sequences of pictures. These
formulas operate on extensive databases of numbers that defines the objects in the pictures as they exist in mathematical
space. The database consists of endpoints, and color and intensity information. Highly trained professionals are needed to
produce such effects because animation that obtains high degrees of realism involves computer techniques fro three-
dimensional transformation, shading, and curvatures.
High-tech computer animation for film involves very expensive computer systems along with special color terminals
or frame buffers. The frame buffer is nothing more than a giant image memory for viewing a single frame. It temporarily
holds the image for display on the screen.
A camera can be used to film directly from the computer’s display screen, but for the highest quality images possible,
expensive film recorders are used. The computer computers the positions and colors for the figures in the picture, and
sends this information to the recorder, which captures it on film. Sometimes, however, the images are stored on a large
magnetic disk before being sent to the recorder. Once this process is completed, it is replaced for the next frame. When
the entire sequence has been recorded on the film, the film must be developed before the animation can be viewed. If the
entire sequence does not seem right, the motions must be corrected, recomputed, redisplayed, and rerecorded. This
approach can be very expensive and time- consuming. Often, computer-animation companies first do motion tests with
simple computer-generated line drawings before selling their computers to the task of calculating the high-resolution,
realistic-looking images.
81. What aspect of computer animation does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The production procession B. The equipment needed
C. The high cost D. The role of the artist
82. According to the passage, in computer-assisted animation the role of the computer is to draw the _________.
A. first frame B. middle frames
C. last frame D. entire sequences of frames
83. The word they in the second paragraph refers to _________.
A. formulas B. objects C. numbers D. database
84. According to the passage, the frame buffers mentioned in the third paragraph are used to _________.
A. add color to the images B. expose several frames at the same time
C. store individual images D. create new frames
85. According to the passage, the positions and colors of the figures in high-tech animation are determined by _________.
A. drawing several versions
B. enlarging one frame at a lime
C. analyzing the sequence from different angles
D. using computer calculations
86. The word captures in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to _________.
A. separates B. registers C. describes D. numbers
87. The word Once in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to _________.
A. before B. since C. after D. while
88. According to the passage, how do computer-animation companies often test motion?
A. They experiment with computer-generated line drawings.
B. They hand-draw successive frames.
C. They calculate high-resolutions images.
D. They develop extensive mathematical formulas.
89. The word task in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to _________.
A. possibility B. position C. time D. job
90. Which of the following statement is supported by the passage?
A. Computers have reduced the costs of animation.
B. In the future, traditional artists will no longer be needed.
C. Artists are unable to produce drawings as high in quality as computer drawings.
D. Animation involves a wide range of technical and artistic skills.

Passage 14:

1 Sharks have gained an unfair reputation for being fierce predators of large sea animals. Humanity's
unfounded fear and hatred of these ancient creatures is leading to a worldwide slaughter that may result
in the extinction of many coastal shark species. The shark is the victim of a warped attitude of wildlife
protection; we strive only to protect the beautiful, non-threatening parts of our environment. And, in our
5 efforts to restore only non-threatening parts of our earth, we ignore other important parts.
A perfect illustration of this attitude is the contrasting attitude toward another large sea animal, the
dolphin. During the 1980s, environmentalists in the United States protested the use of driftnets for tuna
fishing in the Pacific Ocean since these nets also caught dolphins. The environmentalists generated
enough political and economic pressure to prevent tuna companies from buying tuna that had been
1 caught in driftnets. In contrast to this effort on behalf of the dolphins, these same environmentalists
0 have done very little to help save the Pacific Ocean sharks whose population has decreased nearly to
the point of extinction. Sharks are among the oldest creatures on earth, having survived in the seas for
more than 350 million years. They are extremely efficient animals, feeding on wounded or dying
animals, thus performing an important role in nature of weeding out the weaker animals in a species.
Just the fact that species such as the Great White Shark have managed to live in the oceans for so many
1 millions of years is enough proof of their efficiency and adaptability to changing environments. It is
5 time for us humans, who may not survive another 1,000 years at the rate we are damaging the planet, to
cast away our fears and begin considering the protection of sharks as an important part of a program
for protection of all our natural environment.

2
0
81. With which of the following topics is this passage primarily concerned?
A. Sharks are some of the oldest creatures on earth.
B. The campaign to save dolphins was not extended to save sharks.
C. Sharks illustrate a problem in wildlife protection.
 D. Sharks are efficient creatures with bad reputations.
82. Which of the following is most similar to the meaning of the word warped in line 4?
A. wasteful B. wanton C. extravagant D. distorted
83. In the second paragraph, the word "generated" could be best replaced by ______.
A. absorbed B. consumed C. produced D. designated
84. How did environmentalists manage to protect dolphins?
A. They prevented fishermen from selling them for meat.
B. They brought political pressure against tuna companies.
C. They pressured fishermen into protecting dolphins by law.
D. They created sanctuaries where dolphin fishing was not allowed.
85. About how long have sharks lived on the planet?
A. 150 million years B. 25 million years C. 350 million years D. 500 million years
86. The author uses the phrase weeding out in line 16 to mean ______.
A. encouraging something that is efficient B. strengthening something that is weak
C. feeding something that is hungry D. getting rid of something that is unwanted
87. The phrase managed to live in line 17 is used to infer that ______.
A. procreation was expanding B. migration was common
C. roaming was necessary D. surviving was difficult
88. The word proof in line 18 could be best replaced by which of the following?
A. praise B. characteristic C. customary D. evidence
89. The phrase "to cast away" in line 20 means most nearly _______.
A. to bring in B. to see through C. to set apart D. to throw off
90. What is the author's tone in this passage?
A. proud B. gentle C. explanatory D. accusatory

Pasage 15:

All life is sound. We are constantly surrounded by sounds and noises (71) ________ by nature and everything in
it. For thousands of years man has been speaking and singing, and (72) ________ his wonderfully constructed ear,
perceiving sounds and noises, although they are but a small part of the inconceivable wealth of sounds filling the universe.
Children everywhere and without (73) ________ are born with musical abilities with voices, and with hearing. The
difference lies (74) ________ in what they do with these gifts. That (75) ________ according to temperament upbringing
nationality, and time. Nature itself is full of sound, full of music. Musical sounds existed millions of years before there
was a human ear to hear (76) ________ the soft bubbling of the water, the roll of thunder, the whistling and rustling of
leaves in the wind and (77) ________ knows how many other audible manifestations of nature. Man was born (78)
________ a world of sound. Thunder filled him with fear and became a symbol of supernatural (79) ________. In the roar
of the wind he heard the voices of demons. Dwellers at the seashore (80) ________ the temper of the gods by the sound of
the waves. Religious rites and music were inseparable at the dawn of humanity.
71. A. found B. heard C. produced D. existing
72. A. thanks to B. based on C. in spite of D. without
73. A. exception B. consideration C. doubt D. preparation
74. A. absolutely B. merely C. especially D. suddenly
75. A. depends B. forms C. varies D. differentiates
76. A. them B. it C. all D. from
77. A. he B. someone C. who D. everyone
78. A. with B. from C. in D. into
79. A. disasters B. powers C. symbols D. existence
80. A. terrified B. touched C. judged D. heard
Task 2: READING COMPREHENSION
Read the passage and choose the best answer for each question below.
Ocean water plays an indispensable role in supporting life. The great ocean basins hold about 300 million cubic miles
of water. From this vast amount, about 80,000 cubic miles of water are sucked into the atmosphere each year by
evaporation and returned by precipitation and drainage to the ocean. More than 24,000 cubic miles of rain descend
annually upon the continents. This vast amount is required to replenish the lakes and streams, springs and water tables on
which all flora and fauna are dependent. Thus, the hydrosphere permits organic existence.
The hydrosphere has strange characteristics because water has properties unlike those of any other liquid. One anomaly
is that water upon freezing expands by about 9 percent, whereas most liquids contract on cooling. For this reason, ice
floats on water bodies instead of sinking to the bottom. If the ice sank, the hydrosphere would soon be frozen solidly,
except for a thin layer of surface melt water during the summer season. Thus, all aquatic life would be destroyed and the
interchange of warm and cold currents, which moderates climate, would be notably absent.
Another outstanding characteristic of water is that water has a heat capacity which is the highest of all liquids and
solids except ammonia. This characteristic enables the oceans to absorb and store vast quantities of heat, thereby often
preventing climatic extremes. In addition, water dissolves more substances than any other liquid. It is this characteristic
that helps make oceans a great storehouse for minerals which have been washed down from the continents. In several
areas of the world these minerals are being commercially exploited. Solar evaporation of salt is widely practiced, potash is
extracted from the Dead Sea, and magnesium is produced from sea water along the American Gulf Coast.
81. The author's main purpose in this passage is to .
A. describe the properties and uses of water
B. illustrate the importance of conserving water
C. explain how water is used in commerce and industry
D. compare water with other liquids
82. The phrase "This vast amount" in line 4 refers to .
A. 300 million cubic miles of water B. 80,000 million cubic of water
C. 80,000 cubic miles of water D. 24,000 cubic miles of rain
83. The word "replenish" can best be replaced by .
A. fill again B. replace C. evaporate D. form
84. According to the passage, fish can survive in the oceans because .
A. they do not need oxygen
B. ice floats
C. evaporation and condensation create a water cycle
D. there are currents in the ocean
85. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of water?
A. Water expands when it is frozen. B. Water is a good solvent.
C. Water can absorb heat. D. Water contracts on cooling.
86. The word "outstanding" is closest in meaning to .
A. exceptionally good B. special C. important D. amusing
87. According to the passage, the hydrosphere is NOT .
A. responsible for all forms of life B. that part of the earth covered by water
C. a source of natural resources D. in danger of freezing water
88. The author's tone in the passage can best be described as .
A. dogmatic B. dispassionate C. speculative D. biased
89. The author organizes the passage by .
A. comparison and contrast B. juxtaposition of true and untrue ideas
 C. general statements followed by examples D. hypothesis and proof
90. Which of the following statements would be most likely to begin the paragraph immediately following the passage?
A. Water has the ability to erode land.
B. Magnesium is widely used in metallurgical processes.
C. Another remarkably property of ice is its strength.
D. Drought and flooding are two types of disasters associated with water.