CLASS XII SCIENCE

SUBJECT : BIOLOGY (044) PRE BOARD 2024-2025

MAXIMUM MARKS : 70 SET 3

SECTION –A
S.N ANSWERS MAR
O KS
1. b)Ab * Ab 1
2. (c) A – 4, B -3 , C-1,D-2 1
3. a)Lactose is present and it binds to the repressor. 1
4. (d) All of these 1
5. (c) Interferon 1
6. (b) 60 1
7. (c) Arginine and lysine 1
8. (b) Extra- chromosomal DNA, which can self-replicate. 1
9. ( a) Theory of biogenesis, Louis Pasteur. 1
10. (b) A- nucleus , B – mitochondria & C- tail 1
11 (b) Neanderthal man 1
12. (b) Inactivated and weakened pathogenic antigens 1
13. (A). 1
14. (C) 1
15. (C) 1
16. (A). 1
SECTION-B
17. i. Failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum can lead to sterility 1+1
because the testes need to be at a specific temperature to produce sperm.
ii. The acrosome is a cap-like structure located in the head of human sperm
cells, covering the anterior half of the sperm nucleus.
Or
i..Sperm have a tail to help them move towards an egg and fertilize it, while eggs
don't have a tail because they don't need to move
ii. At puberty, each ovary contains around 60,000–80,000 primary
follicles. However, most of these follicles degenerate before puberty.

18. i. Elution 1+1

ii. By using dye ethidium bromide followed by exposure of UV light.
19. Sr.no. Name of Deasease Mode of transmission ½*4
1 Amoebiasis By Houseflies infected food
and water
2 Malaria By biting of female
Anopheles mosquito
3 Ascariasis From contaminated food ,
water, plants etc.
4 pneumonia Droplets or aerosol released
by an infected person.
20. i. At operator site 1+1
ii. In the presence of Lactose or allolactose. Which will bind to repressor protein
and stop repressor to bind on operator site.
21. The amount of living matter present at every trophic level at any given time, is 2
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 called ‘standing crop’.

OR
-The pyramid of biomass in sea is generally inverted because the biomass of
fishes far exceeds that of phytoplankton and the number of big fishes eating the
small fishes is also greater than the small ones. Also in pyramid of number the
number of insects feeding on a big tree is far greater than the tree. Now the
number of small birds depending on the insects and the number of larger birds
eating the smaller ones also increases in the order.

SECTION -C
22. a) it is a blastocyst. 1+1+
’A’ – inner cell mass. 1
‘B’ trophoblast.
b)Inner cell mass forms the foetus.
c) provides nutrients to the embryo and develops into a large part of the
placenta.
23. 3
Steps that ensures cross pollination in hermaphrodite flower are as follows:

i) Emasculation: This is the method of removal of anther to prevent self

pollination.
ii) Bagging: This is the method of covering of emasculated flower by bags of
butter paper to avoid contamination with foreign pollen.
iii) Tagging: In this method emasculated and bagged flowers are tagged with
date of emasculation and pollination, name of female and male flower for
keeping proper record.
iv) Pollination: Dusting of desired mature pollen grains on desired stigma with
the help of brush.
v) Rebagging: After pollination, flowers are rebagged till fruit ripening.

24. i. The names of restriction enzymes like EcoRI and HindII come from the 1+1+
organism they were isolated from, and the order in which they were discovered. 1
Like EcoRI isolated from Escherichia coli and Hind II isolated from
Haemophilusinfluenza.
ii. Such sequence is called palindromic sequence due to presence of same
nucleotides in the forward and reverse direction of DNA strands.
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 iii. Specific site at which restriction enzyme cuts called cleavage site.

25. 1. ‘a’ – synthesis of leading / continuous strand. 2+1

‘b’ – synthesis of lagging / discontinuous strand.
2. i) It codes for methionine amino acid.
(ii) It acts as initiator codon for protein synthesis
26. i. Sporozoite. ½
ii. Anopheles picks up the gametocytes along with the blood meal. +1.5+
1
Gametocytes reach the intestinal cells of mosquito; fertilization occurs here.

Zygote develops and produces sporozoites in the intestine.

Sporozoites escape from the intestine and reach the salivary glands, where they
remain stored.

iii. The rupture of RBC’s is associated with the release of a chemical

called haemozoin, which is responsible for the chill and high fever.
OR
i) Histamines cause reaction of the immune system against allergens.
ii) Interferons protect the non- infected cells of our body from viral
infections.
iii) B-cells produce antibodies against antigens/pathogens. Or
1+1+
1
27. (a) Complementary strand: 2+1
5′ – TTACGTCGATAA T C C – 3′
(b) The mRNA
5′ – AAU GCAGCUAUUAGG-3′
28. a) ex-situ conservation. 1+2
b) i) cryopreservation
- gametes of threatened species of animals are preserved in viable and fertile
conditions for long periods in this method.
ii) in vitro fertilization , using the gametes stored by cryopreservation.
SECTION-D
29. A. Sex-linked recessive traits are genetic conditions that are passed down 1+2+
through mutations in genes on the X or Y chromosome 1
B. X-linked recessive traits are more common in males than females
because males only have one X chromosome, while females have two.
C. .Refere to text on page no. 72
. OR
D. Haemophilia or colour Blindness
30. A) macrophages and helper T –lymphocytes. 1+2+
B) it carry out reverse transcription to form viral DNA, which integrated into 1
host DNA.
C) viral RNA
OR
D)reverse transcriptase.
SECTION –E
31. 1+2+
1. Figure ‘g’ illustrates corpus luteum – Luteinizing hormone

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 2. Corpus luteum secretes progesterone hormone, which stimulates the 2
continued growth of the superficial layer of endometrium and endometrium
becomes ready for implantation. – It is essential for the continuation of
pregnancy.
3. The figure ‘d’ represents fertiary follicle in which primary oocyte completes
its first meiotic division, while figure ‘e’ represents the mature follicle
(Graafian follicle) ready for ovulation.

4.

OR
(i) 13-14th day 21st -23rd day
FSH – High Low
LH – High Low
Progesterone – Low High
(ii) End of follicular or proliferative phase.
(iii) Menstruation does not occur during pregnancy upon fertilization due to
2+2+
high level of progestenone secreted by persisting corpus luteum and Placenta.
1

32. A. 3+2
i. The equation for the curve A is S = CAZ where, S- Species richness,
A – Area,
C – Y-intercept,
Z – Slope of line (regression coefficient)
Alexander von Humboldt observed that within a region, species richness
increased with increasing explored area, but only up to a limit.
The relation between species richness and area for a wide variety of taxa like
angiosperms, birds, fishes, etc., turns out to be a rectangular hyperbola.
ii. Human beings when overexploite any plant/animal species, it affects their
population size. The marine fish population around the world are declining due
to overharvesting. It results in endangering the continued existence of some
commercially important species. In the last 500 years, extinction of Stellar’s sea
cow and passenger pigeon were due to the overexploitation of these animals by
2+1+
humans.
OR 2
B
i. The birth rate of Hydrilla
= Number of individuals born /Total number of individuals
= 10/20 = 0.5 per Hydrilla plant per year.
Birth rate is 0.5 per Hydrilla plant or 500 per thousand/year.

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 ii. Predators avoid the monarch butterfly as it is highly distasteful to its
predators (birds) because of a special chemical present in its body. It
acquires this chemical during the caterpillar stage by feeding on a
poisonous plant (milkweed).
iii. Commensalism is the kind of interaction between species in which one
is benefitted and other is neither benefitted nor harmed. Example of
such association is orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango tree,
which remains unaffected by its growth.
Whereas mutualism is the type of interaction in which both the
species involved are benefitted. e.g. lichen representing mutual
association between algae and fungi, in which algae is protected by
fungi, whi,ch also provides nutrients for synthesis of food, while algae
provides food to fungi, as they are incapable of synthesising their own
food.
33. A 3+2
i. The recombinant colonies can be differentiated from non-recombinant
colonies by their inability to produce colour in the presence of a
chromogenic substrate.
The recombinants do not produce any colour, while the non-
recombinants produce a blue colour with chromogenic substrate in the
medium. It occurs because of the presence of α-galactosidase in former
and its absence in latter cells.
ii. The enzyme α-galactosidase becomes inactivated on insertion of
recombinant DNA, within the coding sequence of enzyme. Thus, the
method is called insertional inactivation.

OR

That insect is bollworms. 1+2+

ii. The insertion of the genes from B. thuringiensis causes cotton plant cells to 2
produce crystal insecticidal proteins, often referred to as Cry- proteins.
iii. The cry gene is present in the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, which
produces the Bt toxin. The toxin enters the gut of insects and kills them. The
alkaline medium in the gut is what causes the toxin to kill the insects. The gene
cry IAb protects corn from borer pests. It produces a toxic insecticidal protein
that controls corn borers.

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