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Class 12 - Mathematics
Sample Paper - 08 (2024-25)

Maximum Marks: 80
Time Allowed: : 3 hours

General Instructions:

i. This Question paper contains 38 questions. All questions are compulsory.

ii. This Question paper is divided into five Sections - A, B, C, D and E.
iii. In Section A, Questions no. 1 to 18 are multiple choice questions (MCQs) and Questions no. 19 and 20 are Assertion-
Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
iv. In Section B, Questions no. 21 to 25 are Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions, carrying 2 marks each.
v. In Section C, Questions no. 26 to 31 are Short Answer (SA)-type questions, carrying 3 marks each.
vi. In Section D, Questions no. 32 to 35 are Long Answer (LA)-type questions, carrying 5 marks each.
vii. In Section E, Questions no. 36 to 38 are Case study-based questions, carrying 4 marks each.
viii. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in 2 questions in Section B, 3 questions in Section
C, 2 questions in Section D and one subpart each in 2 questions of Section E.
ix. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Section A

1. If A and B are symmetric matrices of the same order then (AB - BA) is always

a) A zero matrix
b) An identity matrix
c) A skew-symmetric matrix
d) A symmetric matrix

2. If d is the determinant of a square matrix A of order n, then the determinant of its adjoint is

a) d
b) dn-1
c) dn
d) dn+1

3. If A is a matrix of order 3 × 3, then (A2)-1 is

a) (A-1)3
b) (A-1)4
c) (A-1)2
d) (A-1)9

4. The function f(x) = e | x |

a) differentiable everywhere except at x = 0

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b) differentiable at x = 0
c) differentiable everywhere
d) differentiable at x = -1

x+3 4−y z+8

5. The vector equation of a line which passes through the point (2, -4, 5) and is parallel to the line = = is:
3 2 6

a) →r = (2î − 4ĵ + 5k̂) + λ(3î + 2ĵ + 6k̂)

→
b) r = ( − 2î + 4ĵ − 5k̂) + λ(3î − 2ĵ − 6k̂)
→
c) r = (2î − 4ĵ + 5k̂) + λ(3î − 2ĵ + 6k̂)
→
d) r = ( − 2î + 4ĵ − 5k̂) + λ(3î + 2ĵ + 6k̂)

dy
6. Find the particular solution for 2xy + y 2 − 2x 2 dx = 0; y = 2 when x = 1

2x
a) y = (x ≠ 0, x ≠ e)
1 − log | x |
3x
b) y = 1 − log | x |
(x ≠ 0, x ≠ e)
2x
c) y = 1 + log | x |
(x ≠ 0, x ≠ e)
5x
d) y = 1 + log | x |
(x ≠ 0, x ≠ e)

7. The feasible region for an LPP is always a

a) convex polygon
b) Straight line
c) concave polygon
d) type of polygon

8. Which of the following is a vector?

a) energy
b) mass
c) acceleration
d) charge

sin 2 x
9. ∫ dx =
cos 4 x

1 1
a) 3 tan 2x + c 3 tan 2x + c
1
b) tan 2x + C
2
c) none of these
1
d) 3 tan 3x + c

| | | |
1 3 1 4
10. Let A = ,B= , then
2 4 2 5

a) AB = BA

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b) (BA)T = BTAT
c) ATBT = (AB)T
d) BTAT = (AB)T

11. The optimal value of the objective function Z = ax + by may or may not exist, if the feasible region for a LPP is
________.

a) Unbounded
b) A circle
c) Bounded
d) A Square

12. A unit vector in the direction of the vector →

a = (2î − 3ĵ + 6k̂) is

(
a) 1î − 2 ĵ + 3k̂
3
)
b) ( 1
5
2
î + 5 ĵ − 5 k̂
6
)
c) ( 2
7
3
î − 7 ĵ + 7 k̂
6
)
d) ( 2
5
3
î − 5 ĵ + 5 k̂
6
)

| |
1 1 −2
13. If A = λ 1 − 3 then A-1 exist if
5 4 −9

a) λ = 1
b) λ ≠ 0
c) λ ≠ 2
d) λ = 2

14. If A and B are independent events such that 0 < P (A) < 1 and 0 < P (B) < 1, then which of the following is not correct?

a) A′ and B′ are independent

b) A and B are mutually exclusive
c) A and B′ are independent
d) A′ and B are independent

dy 2
15. General solution of = √4 − y 2( -2 < y < 2) is
dx

a) y = 2sin(x + c)
2
b) y = 2sinx + c
c) y = 2sin(2x) + c
d) y = 2cosx + c

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16. For any vector a, the value of ( a × î) 2 + ( a × ĵ) 2 + ( a × k̂) 2 is equal to
→ → → →

→
a) 3a 2
→
b) 4a 2
→
c) a 2
→
d) 2a 2
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17. If y = sin(m sin-1x), then which one of the following equations is true?

d 2y
( )
dy
a) 1 − x 2 2
+x + m 2y = 0
dx dx
d 2y
b) ( 1 + x )
dy
2
2 + x dx − m 2y = 0
dx
d 2y
c) (1 − x )
dy
2
−x + m 2y = 0
dx 2 dx
d 2y
d) ( 1 + x )
dy
2 − x dx − m 2y = 0
2
dx

18. If α, β, γ are the angles that a line makes with the positive direction of x, y, z axis, respectively, then the direction cosines
of the line are

a) tan α, tan β, tan γ

b) sin α, sin β, sin γ
c) cos α, cos β, cos γ
d) cos2 α, cos2 β, cos2 γ

19. The function f be given by f(x) = 2x3 - 6x2 + 6x + 5.

Assertion (A): x = 1 is not a point of local maxima.
Reason (R): x = 1 is not a point of local minima.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

20. Let R be any relation in the set A of human beings in a town at a particular time.
Assertion (A): If R = {(x, y) : x is wife of y}, then R is reflexive.
Reason (R): If R = {(x, y) : x is father of y}, then R is neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

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Section B

21. Write the interval for the principal value of function and draw its graph: sin-1X....

OR

Find the principal values of sec − 1 2sin

( )3π
4
.

22. Find the maximum and minimum value, f(x) = 9x2 + 12x + 2

3 45
23. Find all the point of local maxima and local minima of the functionf(x) = − 4 x 4 − 8x 3 − 2
x 2 + 105.

OR

Find the intervals in which the function f given by f(x) = 2x2 – 3x is decreasing.

24. Evaluate: ∫ sin-1(3x - 4x3) dx

25. Find the points of local maxima or local minima and corresponding local maximum and local minimum values of each of

√
the function. Also, find the points of inflection, if any: f(x) = x 2 − x 2, − √2 ≤ x ≤ √2
Section C
π
26. Evaluate ∫ 02 logsinxdx

27. One bag contains 4 yellow and 5 red balls. Another bag contains 6 yellow and 3 red balls. A ball is transferred from the
first bag to the second bag and then a ball is drawn from the second bag. Find the probability that ball drawn is yellow.

3sin x + 2cos x
28. Evaluate: ∫ dx
3cos x + 2sin x

OR

π/2 cos x
Evaluate ∫ − π / 2 dx.
1 + ex

dy
29. Find the general solution of the differential equation = log(x + 1)
dx

OR

dy
Solve the differential equation: (x+ 2) dx
= x2 + 4x - 9, x ≠ -2

30. The feasible region for a LPP is shown in Figure. Evaluate Z = 4x + y at each of the corner points of this region. Find the
minimum value of Z, if it exists.

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OR

In Fig, the feasible region (shaded) for a LPP is shown. Determine the maximum and minimum value of Z = x + 2y.

− 1x d 2y dy
31. If y = e acos Show that (1 − x 2) 2 − x dx − a 2y = 0
dx

Section D

32. Sketch the graph of y = |x + 3| and evaluate ∫ 0− 6 |x + 3|dx

33. If R and S are relations on a set A, then prove the following:

i. R and S are symmetric ⇒ R ∩ S and R ∪ S are symmetric.

ii. R is reflexive and S is any relation ⇒ R ∪ S is reflexive.

OR

Let L be the set of all lines in xy plane and R be the relation in L define as R = {(L1, L2) : L1 || L2}. Show that R is an
equivalence relation. Find the set of all lines related to the line y = 2x + 4.

[ ]
2 −1 1
34. If A = −1 2 − 1 , verify that A3 - 6A2 + 9A - 4I = 0 and hence find A-1
1 −1 2

35. Find the shortest distance between the pairs of lines whose Cartesian equations are:
x−3 y−5 z−7 x+1 y+1 z+1
1
= −2
= 1
and 7
= −6
= 1

OR

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x−1 y−2 z−3
Find the image of the point (5, 9, 3) in the line 2
= 3
= 4

Section E

36. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
A building contractor undertakes a job to construct 4 flats on a plot along with parking area. Due to strike the probability
of many construction workers not being present for the job is 0.65. The probability that many are not present and still the
work gets completed on time is 0.35. The probability that work will be completed on time when all workers are present
is 0.80.
Let: E1: represent the event when many workers were not present for the job;
E2: represent the event when all workers were present; and
E: represent completing the construction work on time.

i. What is the probability that all the workers are present for the job? (1)
ii. What is the probability that construction will be completed on time? (1)
iii. What is the probability that many workers are not present given that the construction work is completed on time? (2)
OR
What is the probability that all workers were present given that the construction job was completed on time? (2)

37. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Girish left from his village on weekend. First, he travelled up to temple. After this, he left for the zoo. After this he left
for shopping in a mall. The positions of Girish at different places is given in the following graph.

i. Find position vector of B (1)

ii. Find position vector of D (1)
→
iii. Find the vector BC in terms of î, ĵ. (2)
OR
→
iv. Find the length of vector AD. (2)

38. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
A tin can manufacturer designs a cylindrical tin can for a company making sanitizer and disinfectors. The tin can is made

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to hold 3 litres of sanitizer or disinfector. The cost of material used to manufacture the tin can is ₹100/m2.

i. If r cm be the radius and h cm be the height of the cylindrical tin can, then express the surface area as a function of
radius (r)? (1)
ii. Find the radius of the can that will minimize the cost of tin used for making can? (1)
iii. Find the height that will minimize the cost of tin used for making can? (2)
OR
Find the minimum cost of material used to manufacture the tin can. (2)
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Class 12 - Mathematics
Sample Paper - 08 (2024-25)

Solution

Section A
1. (c) A skew-symmetric matrix
Explanation:

Given A and B are symmetric matrices

A'= A ...(i)
B'= B ...(ii)
Now (AB – BA)'= (AB)'– (BA)’
= B'A'– A’B’
[ ∵ (AB)' = B’A']
= BA – AB [Using (i) and (ii)]
∴ (AB – BA)' = - (AB - BA)

AB - BA is a skew symmetric matrix.

2. (b) dn-1
Explanation:

|A| = d
|adjA| = |A|n - 1
|adjA| = dn - 1

3. (c) (A-1)2
Explanation:

(A2)-1 = (AA)-1 = A-1 ⋅ A-1 = (A-1)2

4. (a) differentiable everywhere except at x = 0

Explanation:

We have, f(x) = e|x| =

f(0−h) −f(0)
{ e x,
e −x
,
x≥0
x<0

LHD = lim −h
h→0
e − ( 0 − h ) − e0 eh − 1 f(0+h) −f(0)
= lim = lim = -1 and RHD = lim
−h −h h
h→0 h→0 h→0
e0 + h − f ( 0 ) eh − 1
= lim h
= lim h
=1
h→0 h→0
∴ LHD ≠ RHD
So, f(x) is not differentiable at x = 0.
Hence, f(x) is differentiable everywhere except at x = 0.

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→
5. (c) r = (2î − 4ĵ + 5k̂) + λ(3î − 2ĵ + 6k̂)
Explanation:

→
r = (2î − 4ĵ + 5k̂) + λ(3î − 2ĵ + 6k̂)

2x
6. (a) y = 1 − log | x |
(x ≠ 0, x ≠ e)
Explanation:

Let y = vx
dy dv
dx
= v + x dx

dv 2v + v 2
Question becomes v + x =
dx 2

dv 2v + v 2
x = −v
dx 2

dv 2v + v 2 − 2v
x =
dx 2

dv dx
2∫ =∫
v2 x

−2
= logx + c
v

When x=1 y=2 we get

− 2x
= logx + c
y

−2
2
= log1 + c ⟹ c= −1

− 2x
y
= logx − 1

2x
y=
1 − log | x |

7. (a) convex polygon

Explanation:

Feasible region for an LPP is always a convex polygon.

8. (c) acceleration
Explanation:

Acceleration is a vector quantity because acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity w.r.t. time and velocity
specifies direction.

1
9. (d) tan 3x + c
3
Explanation:

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sin 2 x
I=∫ dx
cos 4 x
I = ∫ tan xsec 2xdx
2

Put tanx = t ⇒ sec 2xdx = dt

Put tanx = t → sec 2xdx = dt
I = ∫ t 2dt
t3
I= +c
3
tan 3 x
I= 3
+c

10. (d) BTAT = (AB)T

Explanation:

A= [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
1
2
3
4
,B=
1
2
4
5
, AT =
1 2
3 4
, BT =
1
4
2
5

[ ][ ] [ ]
1 3 1 4 7 19
AB = =
2 4 2 5 10 28

[ ] [ ]
7 19 7 10
(AB)T = =
10 28 19 28

[ ][ ] [ ]
1 2 1 2 7 10
BTAT = = = (AB)T
4 5 3 4 19 28

11. (a) Unbounded

Explanation:

The optimal value of the objective function Z = ax + by may or may not exist, if the feasible region for an LPP is
unbounded. This is because the maximum or minimum value of the objective function may not exist. Even if it exists it
must occur in a corner point of the feasible region.

12. (c)
( 2
7
3
î − 7 ĵ + 7 k̂
6
)
Explanation:

→
Given vector is a = 2î − 3ĵ + 6k̂
→

→ a
Now, unit vector along to a is →
|a|

√22 + ( − 3) 2 + 62=√49 = 7
→
so, | a | =

⇒ Unit vector along to a is

→
( 2
7
3 6
î − 7 ĵ + 7 k̂
)

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13. (c) λ ≠ 2
Explanation:

| |
1 1 −2
A= λ 1 −3
5 4 −9
= 1(-9 + 12) - λ(-9 + 8) + 5(-3 + 2)
=3+λ-5=λ-2
A-1 exists if |A| ≠ 0 i.e., λ - 2λ = 0
⇒ λ ≠ 2

14. (b) A and B are mutually exclusive

Explanation:

If A and B are independent events, i.e., the occurrence of one does not affect the occurrence of the other. Hence A and B
are not Mutually Exclusive.

15. (a) y = 2sin(x + c)

Explanation:

dy
dx
= √4 − y 2
1
⇒ ∫ dy = ∫ 1.dx
2
√2 − y2

y
=x+c
2

y
= sin(x + c)
2

y = 2sin(x + c)

→
16. (d) 2a 2
Explanation:

→
Let a = a 1î + a 2ȷ̂ + a 3k̂, then
→
( )
a × î = a 1î + a 2ĵ + a 3k̂ × î = a 1ı̂ × ı̂ + a 2ȷ̂ × ı̂ + a 3k̂ × ı̂
→
⇒ a × î = 0 − a 2k̂ + a 3ĵ( ∵ î × î = 0, ĵ × î = − k̂, k̂ × î = ĵ)
→
⇒ a × î = − a 2k̂ + a 3ĵ
2 2
| a × î | 2 = a 2 + a 3
→
⇒

Similarly, we get
2 2
| a × ĵ | 2 = a 1 + a 3
→
⇒

2 2
| a × k̂ | 2 = a 1 + a 2
→
⇒

2 2 2 2 2 2
| a × î | 2 + | a × ĵ | 2 + | a × k̂ | 2 = a 2 + a 3 + a 1 + a 3 + a 1 + a 2
→ → →
∴

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( 2 2
= 2 a 1 + a 2 + a 3 = 2 | a | 2(
2
) →
∵
→
|a| =
√a
2
1
2 2
+ a 2 + a 3).

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d 2y
( )
dy
17. (c) 1 − x 2 −x + m 2y = 0
dx 2 dx
Explanation:

Given, y = sin(m(sin-1x)) ...(i)

Differentiating both sides w.r.t x, we get
dy m
dx (
= cos msin − 1x × ) √1 − x 2
dy
mcos ( msin x )−1

⇒ = ...(ii)
dx
√1 − x 2
mcos ( msin x )−1

⇒ y′ = ...(iii)
√1 − x 2
⇒
(√ )
1 − x 2 y ′ = mcos msin − 1x ( )
Differentiating again w.r.t. 'x', we get

(√ )
( − 2x )
y ′′ 1 − x2 + y′
2 1 − x2
√
( )√
1
= − m 2sin msin − 1x
1 − x2

⇒ y"(1 - x2) - xy' = -m2y

⇒ y"(1 - x2) - xy' + m2y = 0
d 2y dy
(
or 1 − x 2 ) dx 2
−x
dx
+ m 2y = 0

18. (c) cos α, cos β, cos γ

Explanation:

cos α, cos β, cos γ

19. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:

We have,
f(x) = 2x3 - 6x2 + 6x + 5
⇒ f'(x) = 6x2 - 12x + 6 = 6(x - 1)2
and f"(x) = 12(x - 1)
Now, f'(x) = 0 gives x = 1.
Also, f"(1) = 0.
Therefore, the second derivative test fails in this case.
So, we shall go back to the first derivative test.

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Using first derivatives test, we get x = 1 is neither a point of local maxima nor a point of local minima and so it is a point
of inflexion.

20. (d) A is false but R is true.

Explanation:

Assertion: Here R is not reflexive: as x cannot be wife of x.

Reason: Here, R is not reflexive; as x cannot be father of x, for any x. R is not symmetric as if x is father of y, then y
cannot be father of x. R is not transitive as if x is father of y and y is father of z, then x is grandfather (not father) of z.

Section B

21. Principal value branch of sin1 x is − , [ ] π π

2 2

And its graph is given here

OR

( )
sec − 1 2sin
3π
4 ( ( ))
= sec − 1 2 ×
1

√2
= sec − 1(√2)

We know that, for any x

π
∈ R - (-1, 1), sec-1x represents an angle in [0, π] −
{}
π
2
whose tangent is x.

∴ sec − 1(√2) =
4

∴
( )
Principal value of sec − 1 2sin
3x
4
π
is 4 .

22. It is given that f(x) = 9x2 + 12x + 2 = (3x + 2)2 - 2

Now, we can see that (3x + 2)2 ≥ 0 for every x ∈ R
⇒ f(x) = (3x + 2)2 - 2 ≥ -2 for every x ∈ R
The minimum value of f is attained when 3x + 2 = 0
3x + 2 = 0
2
⇒ x= − 3

Then, Minimum value of f = f −

( ) (( ) )
2
3
= 3 −
2
3
+2
2
−2= −2

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2
Also, since x = - , is the only critical point which is a minimum,
3
Therefore, function f does not have a maximum value.

23. f ′ (x) = − 3x 3 − 24x 2 − 45x

( )
= − 3x x 2 + 8x + 15 = − 3x(x + 5)(x + 3)

f ′ (x) = 0 ⇒ x = − 5, x = − 3, x = 0

f ″ (x) = − 9x 2 − 48x − 45

(
= − 3 3x 2 + 16x + 15 )
f ″ (0) = − 45 < 0. Therefore, x = 0 is point of local maxima

f ″ (− 3) = 18 > 0. Therefore, x = − 3 is point of local minima

f ″ (− 5) = − 30 < 0. Therefore, x = − 5 is point of local maxima.

OR

It is given that function f(x) = 2x2 - 3x

⇒ f'(x) = 4x - 3
If f'(x) = 0, then we get,
3
x=
4

3
( ) ( )
So, the point x = 4 , divides the real line into two disjoint intervals, − ∞,
3
4
and
3
4
,∞

Now, in interval − ∞,( ) 3

4
, f'(x) = 4x - 3 < 0

( )
Therefore, the given function (f) is strictly decreasing in interval − ∞,
3
4

24. Let I = ∫ sin-1(3x - 4x3) dx, we have

Also let x = sin θ then dx = cos θ dθ
I = ∫ sin-1 (3 sin θ - 4 sin3 θ) cos θ d θ
= ∫ sin-1(sin 3 θ) cos θ d θ
= ∫ 3θ cos θ d θ
= 3[θ] cos θ d θ - ∫ (1 ∫ cos θ d θ) d θ]
= 3[θ sin θ - ∫ sin θ d θ]
= 3[θ sin θ + cos θ] + c
I = 3[x sin-1 x + √1 − x 2] + c

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25. Here, f(x) = x 2 − x 2 √

2x 2
∴ f'(x) = √ 2 − x2 −
2 2 − x2
√
2 ( 2 − x2 ) − 2x 2
=
√
2 2 − x2
2 − 2x 2
=
√2 − x 2
( 2 − 2x ) 2x
2

√ 2 − x2 ( − 4x ) +
√2 − x 2
Also, f"(x) =
( √2 − x 2 ) 2
( )
− 2 − x 2 4x + 4x − 4x 3
= 3

(2−x ) 2 2

For maxima and minima, we have

f'(x) = 0

(
2 1 − x2 )
⇒ =0
√2 − x 2
⇒ x = ±1
Now,
f"(1) < 0
⇒ x = 1 is point of local maxima
f"(-1) > 0
⇒ x = -1 is point of local minima

Hence,
local max value = f(1) = 1
local min value = f(-1) = -1

Section C

π
26. Let I = ∫ 02 logsinxdx

( )
π π
π
I = ∫ 02 logsin − x dx = ∫ 02 logcosxdx
2

Adding the two values of I, we get

π
2I = ∫ 02 (logsinx + logcosx)dx
π
= ∫ 02 (logsinxcosx + log2 − log2)dx (by adding and subtracting log 2)
π π
= ∫ 02 logsin2xdx − ∫ 02 log2dx
π
Put 2x = t in the first integral. Then 2 dx = dt, when x = 0, t = 0 and when x = ,t=π
2
1 π π
Therefore, 2I = ∫ 0logsintdt − log2
2 2
2 π π
= 2
∫ 02 logsintdt − 2 log2

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π
π
= ∫ 02 logsinxdx − log2 ((by changing variable t to x)
2
π
= I − 2 log2
π
−π
Hence, ∫ 02 logsinxdx = log2
2

27. A yellow ball can be drawn in two mutually exclusive ways:

i. By transferring a red ball from first to second bag, then drawing a yellow ball.
ii. By transferring a yellow ball from first to second bag, then drawing a yellow ball

Let E1, E2 and A be the events as defined below:

E1 = A red ball is transferred from first to second bag
E2 = A yellow ball is transferred from first to second bag
A = A yellow ball is drawn
5
∴ ( )
P E1 = 9
4
P(E2) =
9
Now,

P
()
A
E1
=
6
10

P
()
A
E2
=
7
10

By law of total probability,we have,

A A
Required probability = P(A) = P(E1)P( E ) + P(E2)P( E )
1 2
5 6 4 7
= 9
× 10
+ 9
× 10
30 28
= +
90 90
58 29
= =
90 45

28. let the given integral be

3sin x + 2cos x
l = ∫ 3cos x + 2sin x dx
d
Let 3 sin x + 2 cos x = λ (3 cos x + 2 sin x) + μ (3 cos x + 2 sin x)
dx
i.e. 3 sin x + 2 cos x = λ ( - 3 sin x + 2 cos x) + μ(3 cos x + 2 sin x)
Comparing the coefficients of sin x and cos x on both sides, we get
12 5
- 3λ + 2μ = 3 and 2λ + 3μ = 2 ⇒ μ=
13
and λ = − 13
λ ( − 3sin x + 2cos x ) + μ ( 3cos x + 2sin x )
∴ I=∫ 3cos x + 2sin x
dx
− 3sin x + 2cos x
⇒ I = μ∫ 1 ⋅ dx + λ∫ dx
3cos x + 2sin x
dt
⇒ I = μx + λ∫ , where t = 3 cos x + 2 sin x
t

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⇒ I = μ x + λ log |t| + C
12 5
= x− log |3 cos x + 2 sin x| + C
13 13

OR

π/2 cos x
Given, I =∫ − π / 2 dx
1 + ex
0 cos x π / 2 cos x
= ∫ −π/2 x dx + ∫0 dx
1+e 1 + ex
In first integral, Let x = − t ⇒ dx = − dt
Upper Limit whenx = 0, then t = 0
π π
Lower Limit when x = − 2 , then t = 2
0 cos t π / 2 cos x
∴ I= ∫π / 2 ( − dt) + ∫0 dx
1+e −t 1 + ex
π / 2 cos t π / 2 cos x
= ∫0 1
dt + ∫ 0 dx
1 + ex
1+
et
t
π / 2 e cos t π / 2 cos x
= ∫0 t dt + ∫ 0 dx
e +1 1 + ex
x
π / 2 cos x
e π / 2 cos x
= ∫0 dx + ∫ 0 dx
ex + 1 1 + ex

π/2
( 1 + e ) cos xx
π/2
= ∫0 dx = ∫ 0 cosxdx
(e +1 ) x

π/2 π
= [sinx] 0 = sin − 0= 1
2

29. The given differential equation is,

dy
= log(x + 1)
dx
⇒ dy = log(x + 1)dx
⇒ ∫ dy = ∫ log(x + 1)dx [integrating both sides]
⇒ y = ∫ {log(x + 1) ⋅ 1}dx + C, where C is an arbitrary constant
1
= (log(x + 1) ⋅ x) − ∫ (x+1)
⋅ x dx + C [integrating by parts]
(x+1) −1
= x log (x +1) - ∫ (x+1)
dx + C

= x log(x + l ) - ∫ 1 − { 1
(x+1) } dx + C

=x log (x+1) - x + log (x+1) + C

= (x +1) log (x +1) - x + C.
Hence, y = (x + 1) log (x +1) - x + C is the required solution.

OR

The given differential equation is,

dy
(x+ 2) dx
= x2 + 4x - 9
dy x 2 + 4x − 9
⇒ = [ ∵ x ≠ -2]
dx x+2

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⇒ dy =
( ) x 2 + 4x − 9
x+2
dx

Integrating both sides, we get,

x 2 + 4x − 9
∫ dy = ∫ dx
x+2

⇒
(
∫ dy = ∫ x + 2 −
13
x+2 ) dx

x2
⇒ y= 2
+ 2x - 13 log |x + 2| + C
Clearly, it is defined for all x ∈ R , except x = -2
2
x
Hence, y = + 2x - 13 log |x + 2| + C, x ∈ R - {2} is the solution of the given differential equation.
2

30. From the shaded region, it is clear that feasible region is unbounded with the corner points A(4, 0), B(2, 1) and C(0, 3).
Also, we have Z = 4x + y.
[Since, x + 2y = 4 and x + y = 3 ⇒ y = 1 and x = 2]

Corner Points Corresponding value of Z

(4, 0) 16
(2, 1) 9

(0, 3) 3 (minimum)

Now, we see that 3 is the smallest value of Z at the corner point (0, 3). Note that here we see that the region is
unbounded, therefore 3 may or may not be the minimum value of Z.
To decide this issue, we graph the inequality 4x + y < 3 and check whether the resulting open half plan has no point in
common with feasible region otherwise, Z has no minimum value.
From the shown graph above, it is clear that there is no point in common with feasible region and hence Z has minimum
value of 3 at (0, 3).

OR

From the shaded bounded region, it is clear that the coordinates of corner points are ( )( )( )
3
,
13 13
24
,
18 2
7
, 7
,
7 3
,
2 4
and

( )
3 15
2
,
4

Also, we have to determine maximum and minimum value of Z = x + 2y.

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Corner Points Corresponding value of Z

( 3
13 13
,
24
) 13
3
+
48
13
=
51
13
=3
12
13

( 18 2
7
, 7 ) 18
7
+
4
7
=
22
7
1
= 3 (Minimum)
7

( 7 3
2 4
, ) 7
2
+
6
4
=
20
4
=5

( 3 15
2
,
4 ) 3
2
+
30
4
=
36
4
= 9 (Maximum)

1
Hence, the maximum and minimum value of are 9 and 3 respectively.
7

− 1x
31. y = e acos

dy −1 a
= − 1.e acos x.
dx
√1 − x 2
dy − 1x
√1 − x2 dx = − e acos .a

d 2y dy 1
√ 1 − x2
dx 2
+
dx
×
2 1 − x2
√
× ( − 2x)

−1 −a
= − ae acos x ×
√1 − x 2
−1
d 2y x dy a 2e acos x
2
√1 − x dx 2
−
√1 − x2 dx
=
√1 − x 2
d 2y dy
(1 − x 2) 2
−x − a 2y = 0
dx dx

Section D

32.

y = |x + 3|

y = |x + 3| = { − (x + 3)
x+3
for
for
x< −3
x ⩾ −3
When x < - 3

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y=-x-3
when x = - 4,
y=4-3=1
When x = - 5,
y=5-3=2
When x = - 6,
y=6-3=3
Required Area = Area of region ABC + Area of region OAD
−3 0
= ∫ |x + 3|dx + ∫ |x + 3|dx
6 −3
−3 0
= ∫ (− x − 3)dx + ∫ (x + 3)dx
6 −3

[ ] [ ]
−3 0
− x2 x2
= 2
− 3x + 2
+ 3x
−6 −3

= [( −
9
2 ) ] [
+ 9 − (− 18 + 18) + (0 + 0) − ( − 9)
9
2 ]
9 9
= ( + 0) + (0 + )
2 2
⇒ 9 sq. units
Hence, the required area is 9 square units.

33. R and S are two symmetric relations on set A.

i. To prove: R ∩ S is symmetric
Let (a, b) ∈ R ∩ S
⇒ (a, b) ∈ R and (a, b) ∈ S
⇒ (b, a) ∈ R and (b, a) ∈ S[ ∵ R and S are symmetric]
⇒ (b, a) ∈ R ∩ S
⇒ R ∩ S is symmetric
To prove: R ∪ S is symmetric.
Let (a, b) ∈ R or (b, a) ∈ S[ ∵ R and S are symmetric]
⇒ (a, b) ∈ R or (a, b) ∈ S
⇒ (b, a) ∈ R or (b, a) ∈ S[ ∵ R and S are symmetric]
⇒ (b, a) ∈ R ∪ S
⇒ R ∪ S is symmetric

ii. R and S are two relations on A such that R is reflexive.

To prove: R ∪ S is reflexive
Suppose R ∪ S is not reflexive.
This means that there is an a ∈ R ∪ S such that (a, a) ∉ R ∪ S
Since a ∈ R ∪ S,
∴ a ∈ R or a ∈ S
If a ∈ R, then (a, a) ∈ R[ ∵ R is reflexive]
(a, a)
⇒ ∈ R ∪ S which contradicts our supposition.
Hence, R ∪ S is reflexive.

OR

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L1||L1 i.e (L1, L1) ∈ R Hence reflexive
Let (L 1, L 2) ∈ R, then
L1||L2 which implies L2 ||L1
⇒ (L2, L 1) ∈ R Hence symmetric
We know the
L1||L2 and L2||L3
Then L1 || L3
Therefore,(L 1, L 2) ∈ Rand (L 2, L 3) ∈ R implies (L 1, L 3) ∈ R
Hence Transitive
Hence, R is an equivalence relation.
Any line parallel to y = 2x + 4 is of the form y = 2x + K, where k is a real number.
Therefore, set of all lines parallel to y = 2x + 4 is {y : y = 2x + k, k is a real number}

[ ]
2 −1 1
34. Given: A = −1 2 −1
1 −1 2

[ ][ ]
2 −1 1 2 −1 1
∴ A2 = −1 2 −1 −1 2 −1
1 −1 2 1 −1 2

[ ][ ]
4+1+1 −2 − 2 − 1 2+1+2 6 −5 5
⇒ A2 = −2 − 2 − 1 1+4+1 −1 − 2 − 2 = −5 6 −5
2+1+2 −1 − 2 − 2 1+1+4 5 −5 6

[ ][ ]
6 −5 5 2 −1 1
Now A3 = A2.A = −5 6 −5 −1 2 −1
5 −5 6 1 −1 2

[ ]
12 + 5 + 5 − 6 − 10 − 5 6 + 5 + 10
= − 10 − 6 − 5 5 + 12 + 5 − 5 − 6 − 10
10 + 5 + 6 − 5 − 10 − 6 5 + 5 + 12

[ ]
22 − 21 21
= − 21 22 − 21
21 − 21 22

L.H.S. = A 3 − 6A 2 + 9A − 4I

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[ ][ ][ ][ ]
22 − 21 21 6 −5 5 2 −1 1 1 0 0
= − 21 22 − 21 − 6 −5 6 −5 +9 −1 2 −1 −4 0 1 0
21 − 21 22 5 −5 6 1 −1 2 0 0 1

[ ][ ][ ][ ]
22 − 21 21 36 − 30 30 18 −9 9 4 0 0
= − 21 22 − 21 − − 30 36 − 30 + −9 18 −9 − 0 4 0
21 − 21 22 30 − 30 36 9 −9 18 0 0 4

[ ][ ]
22 − 36 − 21 + 30 21 − 30 18 − 4 −9 − 0 9−0
= − 21 + 30 22 − 36 − 21 + 30 + − 9 − 0 18 − 4 −9 − 0
21 − 30 − 21 + 30 22 − 36 9−0 −9 − 0 18 − 4

[ ][ ][ ]
− 14 9 −9 − 14 9 −9 0 0 0
= 9 − 14 9 + 9 − 14 9 = 0 0 0 = 0= R.H.S.
−9 9 14 −9 9 14 0 0 0

Now, to find A − 1, multiplying A 3 − 6A 2 + 9A − 4I − 1 = 0.A − 1by A − 1

⇒ A 3A − 1 − 6A 2A − 1 + 9AA − 1 − 4I. A − 1 = 0A − 1

⇒ A 2 − 6A + 9I − 4A − 1 = 0

⇒ 4A − 1 = A 2 − 6A + 9I

[ ][ ][ ]
6 −5 5 2 −1 1 1 0 0
⇒ 4A − 1 = −5 6 −5 −6 −1 2 −1 +9 0 1 0
5 −5 6 1 −1 2 0 0 1

[ ][ ][ ]
6 −5 5 12 −6 6 9 0 0
⇒ 4A − 1 = −5 6 −5 − −6 12 −6 + 0 9 0
5 −5 6 6 −6 12 0 0 9

[ ][ ]
6 − 12 + 9 −5 + 6 + 0 5−6+0 3 1 −1
⇒ 4A − 1 = −5 + 6 + 0 6 − 12 + 9 −5 + 6 + 0 = 1 3 1
5−6+0 −5 + 6 + 0 6 − 12 + 9 −1 1 3

[ ]
3 1 −1
1
⇒ A −1 = 1 3 1
4
−1 1 3

→
35. a 1 = − î − ĵ − k̂
→
a 2 = 3î + 5ĵ + 7k̂

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→
b 1 = 7î − 6ĵ + 1k̂
→
b 2 = î − 2ĵ + k̂
→ →
a 2 − a 1 = 4î + 6ĵ + 8k̂

| |
î ĵ k̂
→ →
b1 × b2 = 7 −6 1
1 −2 1

= − 4î − 6ĵ − 8k̂

→ → → →
( a 2 − a 1). ( b 1 × b 2) = (4î + 6ĵ + 8k̂). ( − 4î − 6ĵ − 8k̂) = -16 - 36 - 64 = -116

|b 1 × b 2 | = √( − 4)2 + ( − 6)2 + ( − 8)2

→ →

= √116
= 2√29

| |
→ →
( a 2 − a 1 ) . ( b1 × b2 )
d=
| b1 × b2 |
→ →

=
| |
− 116
2√29
=
4 × 29
2√29

= 2√29

OR

Suppose,
x−1 y−2 z−3
2
= 3
= 4
=λ
So the foot of the perpendicular is (2λ + 1, 3λ + 2, 4λ + 3)
The direction ratios of the perpendicular is
(2λ + 1 − 5) : (3λ + 2 − 9) : (4λ + 3 − 3)
⇒ (2λ − 4) : (3λ − 7) : (4λ)
Direction ratio of the line is 2 : 3 : 4

From the direction ratio of the line and the direct ratio of its perpendicular, we have
2(2λ − 4) + 3(3λ − 7) + 4(4λ) = 0
⇒ 4λ − 8 + 9λ − 21 + 16λ = 0

⇒ 29λ = 29
⇒ λ=1

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Therefore, the foot of the perpendicular is (3, 5, 7)
The foot of the perpendicular is the mid-point of the line joining (5, 9, 3) and (α, β, γ)
Therefore, we have
α+5
=3 ⇒ α=1
2
β+9
=5 ⇒ β=1
2
y+3
2
=7 ⇒ γ = 11
Therefore, the image is (1, 1, 11)

Section E

36. i. P(E2) = 1 - P(E1) = 1 – 0.65 = 0.35

ii. P(E) = P(E1) ⋅ P

() E
E1
+ P(E2) ⋅ P
() E2
E

= 0.65 × 0.35 + 0.35 × 0.8

= 0.35 × 1.45
= 0.51

P E1( ) P
()
E

()
⋅
E
E1 1
0.65 × 0.35
iii. P E
= = 0.51
= 0.45

( )
P E1 ⋅ P
( )
E
E
1
+ P E2 ( ) ⋅ P
( ) E
E
2

OR

P E2 ( ) P
( )
E

()
⋅
E
E2 2
0.35 × 0.8
P E
= = 0.51
= 0.55

( )
P E1 ⋅ P
( )
E
E
1
+ P E2 ( ) ⋅ P
( ) E
E
2

37. i. Here (5, 3) are the coordinates of B.

∴ Position vector of B = 5î + 3ĵ

ii. Here (9, 8) are the coordinates of D.

∴ Position vector of D = 9î + 8ĵ

iii. Position vector of B = 5î + 3ĵ and Position vecto of C = 6î + 5ĵ
→
∴ BC = (6 - 5) î + (5 - 3) ĵ = î + 2 ĵ

OR
Since P.V. of A = 2î + 2ĵ, P.V. of D = 9î + 8ĵ
→
∴ AD = (9 - 2) î + (8 - 2) ĵ = 7 î + 6 ĵ

→
|AD|2 = 72 + 62 = 49 + 36 = 85
→
⇒ |AD| =
√85 units

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38. i. Given, r cm is the radius and h cm is the height of required cylindrical can.
Given that, volume of cylinder = 3l = 3000 cm3 ( ∵ 1l = 1000 cm3)
3000
⇒ πr 2h = 3000 ⇒ h=
πr 2
Now, the surface area, as a function of r is given by

S(r) = 2πr 2 + 2πrh = 2πr 2 + 2πr

6000
( ) 3000
πr 2

= 2πr2 +
r
6000
ii. Now, S(r) = 2πr 2 +
r
6000
⇒ S'(r) = 4πr −
r2
To find critical points, put S'(r) = 0
4πr 3 − 6000
⇒ =0
r2

⇒ r3 =
6000
4π
⇒

3
r=
( )
1500 1 / 3
π

|
1500 12000 × π
Also, S ′′(r) r =
√ π
= 4π + 1500

= 4π + 8π = 12π > 0
Thus, the critical point is the point of minima.
3 1500 3000 3 1500
iii. The cost of material for the tin can is minimized when r =
√ π
cm and the height is =2
√ π
cm.

(√ )
3 1500 2
π π

OR
2πr 3 + 6000
We have, minimum surface area = r
1500
2π ⋅ π + 6000 9000
= 3 1500
= 7.8
= 1153.84 cm2

√ π

Cost of 1 m2 material = ₹100

1
∴ Cost of 1 cm2 material = ₹ 100
1153.84
∴ Minimum cost = ₹ 100
= ₹11.538
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