SAMPLE PAPER (2024 -25)

CHEMISTRY THEORY (043)

Max. Marks:70 Time: 3 hours
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
Read the following instructions carefully.
(a) There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
(b) SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
(c) SECTION B consists of 5 short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
(d) SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
(e) SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
(f) SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
(g) All questions are compulsory.
(h) Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

SECTION A
The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer. Each
question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.

1 Ammonolysis of ethyl chloride followed by reaction of the amine so formed with 1

1 mole of methyl chloride gives an amine that

a. reacts with Hinsberg reagent to form a product soluble in an alkali.

b. on reaction with Nitrous acid, produced nitrogen gas.
c. reacts with Benzenesulphonyl chloride to form a product that is insoluble
in alkali.
d. does not react with Hinsberg reagent.

2 Which one of the following has the highest dipole moment? 1

a. CH3F
b. CH3Cl
c. CH3I
d. CH3Br

3 Match the properties given in column I with the metals in column II 1

Column I Column II
(i) Actinoid having configuration [Rn] 5f 76d17s2 (A) Ce
(ii) Lanthanoid which has 4f14 electronic (B) Lu
configuration in +3 oxidation state.
(iii) Lanthanoid which show +4 Oxidation state (C) Cm

1
 a. (i)-(C), (ii)-(B), (iii)-(A)
b. (i)-(C), (ii)-(A), (iii)-(B)
c. (i)-(A), (ii)-(B), (iii)-(C)
d. (i)-(B), (ii)-(A), (iii)-(C)

4 Study the graph showing the boiling points of bromoalkanes and identify the 1
compounds.

a. 1 = Bromomethane, 2= 2-Bromobutane, 3= 1-Bromobutane,

4= 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane

b. 1 =1-Bromobutane, 2= 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane, 3= 2-Bromobutane,

4= Bromomethane

c. 1 = Bromomethane, 2=1-Bromobutane, 3= 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane,

4= 2-Bromobutane,

d. 1 =Bromomethane, 2= 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane, 3=2- Bromobutane,

4= 1-Bromobutane

(for visually challenged learners)

Which of the following haloalkanes has the highest boiling point?
a. 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane
b. 2-Bromobutane
c. Bromomethane
d. 1-Bromobutane

2
5 The initial concentration of R in the reaction R🡪P is 4.62 x 10-2 mol/L. What is 1
the half life for the reaction if k = 2.31x 10-2 molL-1s-1

a. 30 s
b. 3s
c. 1s
d. 10 s

6 When C6H5COOCOCH3 is treated with H2O , the product obtained is : 1

a. Benzoic acid and ethanol

b. Benzoic acid and ethanoic acid
c. Acetic Acid and phenol
d. Benzoic anhydride and methanol

7 1

‘X’ and ‘Y’ in the above table are:

a. X=[Co(NH3)6]2+3Cl-, Y= 1:3
b. X= [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+Cl,- Y= 1:3
c. X=[Co(NH3)4Cl2]+Cl-, Y= 1:1
d. X=[Co(NH3)4Cl2]3+3Cl-, Y= 1:1

8 Which of the following contains only β-D- glucose as its monosaccharide unit: 1

a. Sucrose
b. Cellulose
c. Starch
d. Maltose

9 Which one of the following sets correctly represents the increase in the 1
paramagnetic property of the ions?

a. Ti3+< Fe2+ < Cr3+ < Mn2+

b. Ti3+< Mn2+< Fe2+ < Cr3+
c. Mn2+< Fe2+< Cr3+<Ti3+
d. Ti3+< Cr3+< Fe2+ < Mn2+

3
10 A first-order reaction is found to have a rate constant, k = 5.5 × 10-14 s-1. The 1
time taken for completion of the reaction is:

a. 1.26 x 1013 s
b. 2.52 x 1013 s
c. 0.63 x 1013 s
d. It never goes to completion

11 A student was preparing aniline in the lab. She took a compound “X” and 1
reduced it in the presence of Ni as a catalyst. What could be the compound “X”

a. Nitrobenzene
b. 1-Nitrohexane
c. Benzonitrile
d. 1-Hexanenitrile

12 Which of the following compound gives an oxime with hydroxylamine: 1

a. CH3COCH3
b. CH3COOH
c. (CH3CO)2O
d. CH3COCl

13 Assertion (A): [Mn(CN)6]3– has a magnetic moment of two unpaired electrons 1

while [MnCl6]3– has a paramagnetic moment of four unpaired electrons.
Reason (R): [Mn(CN)6]3– is inner orbital complexes involving d2sp3
hybridisation,on the other hand, [MnCl6]3– is outer orbital complexes involving
sp3d2 hybridisation.

Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

14 Assertion (A): For strong electrolytes, there is a slow increase in molar 1

conductivity with dilution and can be represented by the equation

Reason (R): The value of the constant ‘A’ for NaCl, CaCl2, and MgSO4 in a
given solvent and at a given temperature is different.

Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

4
15 Assertion (A) Glucose does not form the hydrogensulphite addition product 1
with NaHSO3 .
Reason (R): Glucose exists in a six-membered cyclic structure called pyranose
structure.

Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

16 Assertion (A): The half- life for a zero order reaction is independent of the initial 1
concentration of the reactant.
Reason (R): For a zero order reaction, Rate = k

Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

SECTION B
This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The following
questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.

17 a. Nitrogen gas is soluble in water. At temperature 293 K, the value of KH is 1

76.48 kbar . How would the solubility of nitrogen vary (increase, decrease or
remain the same) at a temperature above 293 K , if the value of KH rises to
88.8 kbar.
b. Chloroform (b.p. 61.2oC) and acetone (b.p. 56oC ) are mixed to form an
azeotrope. The mole fraction of acetone in this mixture is 0.339. Predict 1
whether the boiling point of the azeotrope formed will be (i) 60oC (ii)64.5 oC
or (iii)54 oC. Defend your answer with reason.

OR

a. A soda bottle will go flat (loose its fizz) faster in Srinagar than in Delhi. Is this
statement correct? Why or why not? 1
b. How does sugar help in increasing the shelf life of the product?
1

18 a. Write the IUPAC name of the following complex: K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2]H2O 1

b. Name the metal present in the complex compound of
(i) Haemoglobin (ii) Vitamin B-12 ½+½

5
19 Observe the following cell and answer the questions that follow:

a. Represent the cell shown in the figure. 1

b. Name the carriers of the current in the salt bridge ½
c. Write the reaction taking place at the anode. ½
(for visually challenged learners)
For the cell represented as:

Mg(s)/Mg2+(aq)//Ag+(aq)/Ag(s) 1
a. Identify the cathode and the anode 1
b. Write the overall reaction

20 Complete the following reactions by writing the major and minor product in each
case (any 2)
1
a. CH3CH2Br + KCN →

b. CH3CH2CH = CH2 + HBr 🡪 1

c. (CH3)2CHCHClCH3 + alc KOH → 1

21 The presence of Carbonyl group in glucose is confirmed by its reaction with 1

hydroxylamine. Identify the type of carbonyl group present and its position. Give
a chemical reaction in support of your answer. 1

SECTION C
This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The following
questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.

22 a. Write down the reaction occurring on two inert electrodes when 2

electrolysis of copper chloride is done. What will happen if a concentrated
solution of copper sulphate is replaced with copper chloride?
6
 b. Write an expression for the molar conductivity of aluminium sulphate at
infinite dilution according to Kohlrausch law. 1

23 Account for the following:

a. The lowest oxide of transition metal is basic, and the highest is acidic. 1
b. Chromium is a hard metal while mercury is a liquid metal 1
c. The ionisation energy of elements of the 3d series does not vary much 1
with increasing atomic number.

24 a. Give the chemical reaction involved when p-nitrotoluene undergoes Etard 1

reaction.
b. Why does Benzoic acid exist as a dimer in an aprotic solvent? 1
c. Benzene on reaction with methylchloride in the presence of anhydrous 1
AlCl3 forms toluene. What is the expected outcome if benzene is replaced
by benzoic acid? Give a reason for your answer.

OR

An organic compound ‘X’, does not undergo aldol condensation. However ‘X’
with compound ‘Y’ in the presence of a strong base react to give the compound
1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one.
1
a. Identify ‘X’ and ‘Y’ 1
b. Write the chemical reaction involved. 1
c.Give one chemical test to distinguish between X and Y.

25 a. Give the structure of all the possible dipeptides formed when the following 2
two amino acids form a peptide bond.

Alanine

Glycine

1
b. Keratin, insulin, and myosin are a few examples of proteins present in the
human body. Identify which type of protein is keratin and insulin and
differentiate between them based on their physical properties.

7
26 Neeta was experimenting in the lab to study the chemical reactivity of alcohols.
She carried out a dehydration reaction of propanol at 140oC to 180oC. Different
products were obtained at these two temperatures.
a. Identify the major product formed at 140oC and the substitution 1+½
mechanism followed in this case. 1+½
b. Identify the major product formed at 180oC and the substitution
mechanism followed in this case.

27 Various isomeric haloalkanes with the general formula C4H9Cl undergo 3

hydrolysis reaction. Among them, compound “A” is the most reactive through
SN1 mechanism. Identify “A” citing the reason for your choice. Write the
mechanism for the reaction.

28 The equilibrium constant of cell reaction :

Sn4+(.aq) + Al(s) → Al3+ + Sn2+ (aq) is 4.617 x 10184, at 25 oC

2
a. Calculate the standard emf of the cell.
(Given: log 4.617 x 10184 = 184.6644)

b. What will be the Eo of the half cell Al3+/Al , if Eo of half cell Sn4+/Sn2+ is 1
0.15 V.

SECTION D
The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an internal choice
and carries 4 (2+1+1) marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions
that follow.

29 Dependence of the rate of reaction on the concentration of reactants,

temperature, and other factors is the most general method for weeding out
unsuitable reaction mechanisms. The term mechanism means all the individual
collisional or elementary processes involving molecules (atoms, radicals, and
ions included) that take place simultaneously or consecutively to produce the
observed overall reaction. For example, when hydrogen gas reacts with
bromine, the rate of the reaction was found to be proportional to the
concentration of H2 and to the square root of the concentration of Br2.
Furthermore, the rate was inhibited by increasing the concentration of HBr as
the reaction proceeded. These observations are not consistent with a
mechanism involving bimolecular collisions of a single molecule of each kind.
The currently accepted mechanism is considerably more complicated, involving
the dissociation of bromine molecules into atoms followed by reactions between
atoms and molecules:

It is clear from this example that the mechanism cannot be predicted from the

8
 overall stoichiometry.

(source: Moore, J. W., & Pearson, R. G. (1981). Kinetics and mechanism. John
Wiley & Sons.)

a. Predict the expression for the rate of reaction and order for the following:

H2 + Br2 🡪 2 HBr 1

What are the units of rate constant for the above reaction? 1

b. How will the rate of reaction be affected if the concentration of Br2 is tripled?
1
OR

What change in the concentration of H2 will triple the rate of reaction?

c. Suppose a reaction between A and B, was experimentally found to be first 1

order with respect to both A and B. So the rate equation is:

Rate = k[A][B]

Which of these two mechanisms is consistent with this experimental finding?

Why?

Mechanism 1

A → C + D (slow)

B + C → E (fast)

Mechanism 2

A + B → C + D (slow)

C → E (fast)

30 Amines are basic in nature. The pKb value is a measure of the basic strength of
an amine. Lower the value of pKb, more basic is the amine. The effect of
substituent on the basic strength of amines in aqueous solution was determined
using titrations. The substituent “X” replaced “-CH2” group in piperidine (
compound 1) and propylamine CH3CH2CH2NH2, (compound 2).

Compound 1: Compound 2: HXCH2CH2NH2

9
The experimental data is tabulated below:

Substituent Electro-n substituted pKa Substituted propylamine pKa

“X” egativity piperidine compound
of X compound

CH2 2.55 11.13 CH3CH2CH2NH2 10.67

NH 3.12 9.81 NH2CH2CH2NH2 10.08

O 3.44 8.36 HOCH2CH2NH2 9.45

CH3CON 3.6 7.94 CH3CONHCH2CH2NH2 9.28

C6H5CON 3.7 C6H5CONHCH2CH2NH2

7.78 ___

(source: Hall Jr, H. K. (1956). Field and inductive effects on the base strengths
of amines. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 78(11), 2570-2572.)

Study the above data and answer the following questions:

a. Plot a graph between the electronegativity of the substituent vs pKb value of

the corresponding substituted propyl amine (given that pKa + pKb =14). Is there 2
any relation between the electronegativity of the substituent and its basic
strength?

b. The electronegativity of the substituent “C6H5CON” is 3.7, what is the

expected pKa value of compound C6H5CONHCH2CH2NH2? 1

10
 (i) 9.9 (ii) 9.5 (iii) 9.3 (iv) 9.1

c. The pKa value of the substituted piperidine formed with substituent “X” is 1
found to be 8.28. What is the expected electronegativity of “X”

(i)3.5 (ii)3.4 (iii)3.8 (iv) 3.1

OR

What is the most suitable pKa value of the substituted propylamine formed with
substituent “X” with electronegativity 3.0

(i)10.67 (ii)10.08 (iii)10.15 (iv)11.10

(for visually challenged learners)

a.How does the electronegativity of the substituent affect the pKb value and the
basic strength of the substituted propyl amine (given that pKa + pKb =14).? Give 2
a reason to support your answer.

b. The electronegativity of the substituent “C6H5CON” is 3.7, what is the 1

expected pKa value of compound C6H5CONHCH2CH2NH2?

(i) 9.9 (ii) 9.5 (iii) 9.3 (iv) 9.1

c. The pKa value of the substituted piperidine (compound 1) formed with 1

substituent “X” is found to be 8.28. What is the expected electronegativity of “X”

(i)3.5 (ii)3.4 (iii)3.8 (iv) 3.1

OR

What is the most suitable pKa value of the substituted propylamine formed with
substituent “X” with electronegativity 3.0

(i)10.67 (ii)10.08 (iii)10.15 (iv)11.10

SECTION E
The following questions are long answer types and carry 5 marks each. All questions
have an internal choice.

31 a. A purple colour compound A, which is a strong oxidising agent and used for
bleaching of wool, cotton, silk and other textile fibres was added to each of
the three test tubes along with H2SO4. It was followed by strong heating.

11
 In which of the above test tubes; A,B or C:
(i) Violet vapours will be formed 1
(ii) The bubbles of gas evolved will extinguish a burning matchstick. Write 1
an equation for each of the above observations.

b. A metal ion Mn+ of the first transition series having d5 configuration combines
with three didentate ligands. Assuming ∆0 < P:

(i) Draw the crystal field energy level diagram for the 3d orbital of this 1
complex.
1
(ii) What is the hybridisation of Mn+ in this complex and why?
1
(iii) Name the type of isomerism exhibited by this complex.

OR

a. Using, Valence Bond Theory identify A, B, C, D, E and F in the following table

b. Write the ionic equations for the reaction of acidified K2Cr2O7 with 2
(i)H2S and (ii)FeSO4

32 a. Give reasons for the following:

(i)The reaction of ethanol with acetyl chloride is carried out in the 1
presence of pyridine .

12
 (ii) Cresols are less acidic than phenol. 1
b. Williamson’s process is used for the preparation of ethers from alkyl halide.
Identify the alkyl bromide and sodium alkoxide used for the preparation of 1
2- Ethoxy-3-methylpentane

c. Convert:
(i) Toluene to 3-nitrobenzoic acid. 1
(ii) Benzene to m-nitroacetophenone. 1

OR

a. Out of formic acid and acetic acid, which one will give the HVZ reaction? 2
Give a suitable reason in support of your answer and write the chemical reaction
involved.

b. Alcohols are acidic but they are weaker acids than water. Arrange various 1
isomers of butanol in the increasing order of their acidic nature. Give a reason
for the same.

c. An organic compound A which is a Grignard reagent is used to obtain

2
2-methylbutan-2-ol on reaction with a carbonyl compound ‘B’ . Identify A’ and
‘B’. Write the equation for the reaction between A and B.

33 a. An experiment was carried out in the laboratory, to study depression in

freezing point. 1M aqueous solution of Al(NO3)3 and 1 M aqueous solution of 2
glucose were taken. From the given figure identify solution 1 and solution 2.
Give a plausible reason for your answer.

b. The osmotic pressure of a solution of cane sugar was found to be 2.46 atm at 3
300 K. If the solution was diluted five times, calculate the osmotic pressure at
the same temperature.
How can the osmotic pressure of the given cane sugar solution be decreased
without changing its volume? Give a reason for your answer.

OR

13
a. While giving intravenous injections to the patients, the doctors take utmost
care of the concentration of the solution used. Why is it necessary to check the
concentration of the solution? 2

b. A solution of phenol was obtained by dissolving 2X 10-2 kg of phenol in 1 kg of

benzene. Experimentally it was found to be 73 % associated. Calculate the 3
depression in the freezing point recorded.

(for visually challenged learners)

a. Which of the two solutions : 1M aqueous solution of Al(NO3)3 or 1M aqueous

solution of glucose will show a greater depression in freezing point? Give a 2
plausible reason for your answer.
b. The osmotic pressure of a solution of cane sugar was found to be 2.46 atm at
300 K. If the solution was diluted five times, calculate the osmotic pressure at
the same temperature. 3
How can the osmotic pressure of the given cane sugar solution be decreased
without changing its volume? Give a reason for your answer.

OR

a. While giving intravenous injections to the patients, the doctors take utmost
care of the concentration of the solution used. Why is it necessary to check the 2
concentration of the solution?

b. A solution of phenol was obtained by dissolving 2X 10-2 kg of phenol in 1 kg of

benzene. Experimentally it was found to be 73 % associated. Calculate the 3
depression in the freezing point recorded.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

14
 MARKING SCHEME
SAMPLE PAPER (2024 -25)
CHEMISTRY THEORY
(043)

SECTION A

1 (c) reacts with Benzenesulphonyl chloride to form a product that is 1

insoluble in alkali

2 (b)CH3Cl 1
The order followed is this CH3I<CH3Br<CH3F< CH3Cl , though F is
most electronegative, the bond length is small as compared to C-Cl.
Dipole moment is the product of the charge and the bond length.

3 (a) (i)-(C), (ii)-(B), (iii)-(A) 1

4 (d) 1 =Bromomethane, 2= 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane, 3=2- 1

Bromobutane, 4= 1-Bromobutane

(for visually challenged learners)

d. 1-Bromobutane 1

5 (c) the order of reaction is zero as the unit of k is molL-1s-1. Thus half 1
life = [R]o / 2k = 4.62 x 10-2 /2 x 2.31 x 10-2

6 (b) Benzoic acid and ethanoic acid 1

C6H5COOCOCH3 H2O C6H5COOH + CH3COOH

7 (b) X=[Co(NH3)4Cl2]+Cl-, Y= 1:3 1

8 (b) Cellulose 1
Starch contains only α glucose, sucrose contains α-D-glucose and
β-D-fructose glucose, maltose contains α-D-glucose and cellulose is a
polymer of β-D-glucose.

9 (d) Ti3+< Cr3+< Fe2+ < Mn2+ 1

No. of unpaired electrons : Ti3+ (1), Cr3+ (3), Fe2+ (4) and Mn2+ (5)
Paramagnetism depends on the number of unpaired electrons
10 (d) It never goes to completion 1
First order reaction [R] = [Ro] e-kt If [R]=0 then

1
 e-kt = 0, which is not possible for any finite value of t. Here, t is ∞.

11 (a) Nitrobenzene 1

12 (a)CH3COCH3 1
Aldehyde and ketones give nucleophilic addition reactions. Other
carbonyl compounds do not give nucleophilic addition reactions.

13 (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A 1

14 (d) A is false but R is true. 1

is an incorrect equation, the correct equation is

15 (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. 1
Due to the absence of a free aldehydic group, it does not give a
reaction with NaHSO3 .

16 (d)A is false but R is true. 1

The half- life for a zero order reaction t1/2 = [Ro]/2k where [Ro] is the
initial concentration of the reactant.

SECTION B

17 (a) Solubility of gas is inversely proportional to the value of Henry's ½

constant KH. On increasing temperature nitrogen gas becomes less ½
soluble because its KH value increases.
(b) (ii)64.5 oC ½
Chloroform and acetone mixture show negative deviation from ½
Raoult’s law therefore, they form maximum boiling azeotrope at a
specific composition. The boiling point of the mixture so obtained
will be higher than the individual components.

OR

(a) At higher altitudes i.e. in Srinagar the atmospheric pressure is 1

2
 lower. The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the
partial pressure of the gas over the solution, therefore, the carbon
dioxide dissolved in water will be lesser at Srinagar making the soda
go flat faster.
(b)Preservation of fruits by adding sugar/salt protects against 1
bacterial action. Through osmosis, a bacterium on canned fruit loses
water, shrivels and dies.
18 (a) Potassium diaquadioxalatochromate(III) hydrate 1
(b) (i) Haemoglobin: Iron (ii) Vitamin B-12: Cobalt 1

19 (a) Y(s)|Y2+(aq) || X+(aq)| X(s) 1

(b) ions are carrier of current in salt bridge ½
(c) Y(s) → Y2+(aq) + 2e- ½

(for visually challenged learners)

a. Cathode: silver , Anode: Magnesium
b. Mg + 2Ag+ 🡪 Mg2+ + 2Ag

20 (a)CH3CH2CN (major), CH3CH2NC (minor) ½+½

(b) CH3CH2CHBrCH3 (major) CH3CH2CH2CH2Br (minor) ½+½
(c) (CH3)2C=CHCH3 (major) (CH3)2CHCHCH2 (minor) ½+½

21 The carbonyl group present in glucose is aldehyde and the C1 atom . ½

Glucose gets oxidised to six-carbon carboxylic acid (gluconic acid) ,½
with COOH group at the C1 atom on reaction with a mild oxidising
agent like bromine water. This indicates that the carbonyl group is 1
present as an aldehydic group
SECTION C

22 (a) Product of electrolysis of Copper Chloride

Cathode(-)
Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu(s) 1
anode(+)
2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e-
Product of electrolysis of concentrated Copper Sulphate 1
Anode(+) SO42- → S2O8 + 2e-
Cathode (-) Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu(s) 1
(b) ٨0m[Al2(SO4)3] = 2 λ0m (Al3+) + 3 λ0m (SO42-)

23 (a) In the case of a lower oxide of a transition metal, the metal atom 1
has some electrons present in the valence shell of the metal atom
that are not involved in bonding. As a result, it can donate electrons
and behave as a base whereas in higher oxide of a transition metal,

3
 the metal atom does not have an electron in the valence shell for
donation. As a result, it can accept electrons and behave as an acid.
(b) Chromium has unpaired electrons which result in strong metallic 1
bonding which results in it being a hard solid and the absence of
unpaired electrons in Hg results in it being a liquid.
(c) The increase in effective nuclear charge responsible for steady 1
increase in ionisation energy is counterbalanced by shielding effect
of (n-1)d electrons

24
(a)
1

CrO2Cl2 /H3O+

(b ) Benzoic acid undergoes extensive intermolecular hydrogen

bonding , leading to the formation of dimer . 1

(c ) Benzoic acid does not undergo reaction with CH3Cl i.e Friedel
Craft reaction because the carboxyl group is deactivating and the 1
catalyst aluminium chloride (Lewis acid) gets bonded to the carboxyl
group

OR

Compound ‘X’ = Benzaldehyde , Compound Y = Acetophenone ½,½

Chemical test to distinguish between X and Y is the Tollen Test .

Benzaldehyde undergoes SIlver mirror test with Tollen reagent and

1
forms silver mirror . However Acetophenone does not react with
Tollen Reagent .

4
25 (a)

(b) (i) Keratin is a fibrous protein.

fibre– like structure is formed. Such proteins are generally insoluble ½
in water.
(ii)Insulin is a globular protein . This structure results when the
chains of polypeptides coil around to give a spherical shape. These
are usually soluble in water. ½

26 (a) Ethanol undergoes a dehydration reaction. At 140oC, diethyl ether 1+½

is formed. The formation of ether is a nucleophilic
substitution bimolecular reaction

(b) When the temperature exceeds 170oC, ethene is the major 1+½
product. Nucleophilic substitution unimolecular reaction

27
“A” is (CH3)3CCl, the carbocation intermediate obtained in tertiary ½
alkyl halide is most stable, making A most reactive of all possible +½
isomers.

5
28

At 298 K

At equilibrium Ecell =0, n= 6 ½

½
=0.059/6 log 4.617 x 10184
= 0.00983 x 184.6644 ½
= 1.8152

(ii) Eocell= E0Sn4+/Sn2+ - E0Al3+/Al ½

1.81 = -0.15- E0Al3+/Al
E0Al3+/Al = -1.66 V ½

SECTION D

29
a. Rate = k [H2] [Br2]1/2 ½
order = 3/2 ½

units of k = molL-1s-1 = mol-1/2L1/2s-1 1

mol3/2L-3/2

b. Rate = k [H2] [Br2]1/2 If conc of Br2 is tripled

Rate’ = k [H2] [3Br2]1/2
Rate’ = √3 k [H2] [Br2]1/2
Rate’ = √3 Rate 1
OR

Rate = k [H2] [Br2]1/2 If conc of Br2 is tripled

Rate’ = 3 Rate= k [xH2] [Br2]1/2
3 Rate = k [x H2] [Br2]1/2
x = 3, the concentration of H2 is tripled 1

6
 c. The slowest step is the rate-determining step. From mechanism 2,
Rate = k [A] [B] while from mechanism 1 Rate = k [A] Therefore 1
mechanism 2, is consistent with the experimental finding

30 a

1½

……. Is the line of best fit

The pKb increases with an increase in the electronegativity of the
substituent, therefore the basic strength decreases with an increase ½
in the electronegativity of the substituent

b. (iv) 9.1 1

c. (i) 3.5
1
OR

(iii) 10.15 1

(for visually challenged learners)

The pKb increases with an increase in the electronegativity of the 1
substituent, therefore the basic strength decreases with an increase
in the electronegativity of the substituent

Substituent Electro-n Compound pKa pKb

“X” egativity
of X

7
 CH2 2.55 CH3CH2CH2NH2 10.67 3.33
NH 3.12 NH2CH2CH2NH2 10.08 3.2 1
O 3.44 HOCH2CH2NH2 9.45 4.55
CH3CON 3.6 CH3CONHCH2CH2NH2 9.28 4.72

b. (iv) 9.1
1
c. (i) 3.5

OR 1

(iii) 10.15
1

SECTION E

31 (a) (i) Test tube C 1

10I- + MnO4- +16 H+ → 5I2 + 2Mn2+ + 8 H2O
(ii) Test tube A
C2O42- + 2MnO4- +16 H+ → 10CO2 + 2Mn2+ + 8 H2O 1

(b) (i)

(ii) Sp3d2 , Since ∆0 > P it will form an outer orbital complex as the ½
electrons in the 3d orbital will not pair up.
(iii) Optical isomerism. ½

OR
a. A = Co2+
B=3 ½
2
C = 𝑑 𝑠𝑝
3 ½
D = Paramagnetic ½
3 ½
E= 𝑠𝑝 ½
F = tetrahedral ½
b.

8
 1

.
32 a. (i) The reaction of ethanol with acetyl chloride is carried out in the 1
presence of pyridine . Pyridine is a strong organic base .The function
of pyridine is to remove HCl formed in the reaction.

(ii) The electron releasing groups, such as alkyl groups, in general, 1

do not favour the formation of phenoxide ion resulting in decrease in
acid strength. Cresols, for example, are less acidic than phenol.

b. C2H5Br and CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2ONa yields 2- 1

ethoxy-3-methylpentane

c. (i)
1

(ii)

OR

a. Acetic acid will give HVZ reaction. ½

Carboxylic acids having an α-hydrogen are halogenated at the
α-position on treatment with chlorine or bromine in the presence of a
small amount of red phosphorus to give α-halo carboxylic acids. 1

CH3COOH Br2/red P CH2BrCOOH ½

b. Isomers of butanol are:

Butan-1-ol , butan-2-ol , 2-methylpropanol , 2-methylpropan-2-ol .

Acidic strength in isomeric alcohols varies as follows

:

9
 ½

The acidic character of alcohols is due to the polar nature of O–H

bond. An electron-releasing group (–CH3 , –C2H5 ) increases electron
density on oxygen tending to decrease the polarity of O-H bond
2-methylpropan-2-ol< 2-methylpropanol < butan-2-ol <Butan-1-ol ½

c. An organic compound A is a Grignard reagent : RMgX

B is a ketone RCOR’

A+B 🡪

(2-methylbutan-2-ol )

Ketones lead to the formation of tertiary alcohol ,so the compound B ½+

is a ketone B – Butan-2-one and A ‘ is CH3 MgBr ½

33 a. Depression in the freezing point is a colligative property. In dilute 1

solutions the depression of freezing point (ΔTf) is directly
proportional to the molal concentration of the solute in a solution.
From the graph it is interpreted that Solution 2 shows more
depression in freezing point ½
1 M Al(NO)3 has higher i value (i=3) than 1 M glucose (i=1)
1 M Al(NO)3 will have higher depression , hence solution 2 is ½
Al(NO)3 solution and solution 1 is glucose solution.

(for visually challenged learners)

a. 1 M Al(NO)3 shows greater depression in freezing point 1
1 M Al(NO)3 has higher i value (i=3) than 1 M glucose (i=1) and we 1
know that ΔTf = iKf m

b. π = (n2/V) RT
Given π = 2.64 atm ½

10
Let V1= V
V2= 5V (On dilution by 5 times)

π 1 = (n/V1) 1
π2 (n/V2)

2.64 = (n/V)
π2 (n/5V)
½
π 2 =0.528 atm
Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to temperature. ½

The osmotic pressure of cane sugar can be decreased by decreasing ½

the temperature.

OR

a. While giving intravenous injection to the patients , utmost care of

concentration of the solution is to be taken . The solution must have 1
same concentration as that of blood cells .
If the solution becomes more concentrated than the concentration of
the blood it will lead to the shrinking of blood cells and fluid will
start flowing out because of endosmosis. 1
If concentration is less concentrated than the concentration of the
blood it will lead to swelling of blood cells will take place. Both
situations are life-threatening.

b. 2C6H5OH—-> (C6H5OH)2

Initial concentration : C 0

Final concentration C (1-α) Cα/n, where α is degree of ½

association .
Experimentally, phenol is 73 % associated .
Hence α = 0.73 .
Relation between i (vant hoff factor ) and α is given as :
α=(1-i)/ (1-n) , where n for phenol = ½ as phenol acts as dimer ,
association is taking place ½

Substituting the values :

0.73=(1-i)/(-0.5)

11
 i=1- 0.73/2
i= 0.635 ½

Depression in freezing point can be calculated as:

ΔTf = iKf m
= iKf (wb / Mb x wa )
Kf = 5.12 K Kg/mol, wb = 2 x 10-2 kg = 20 g, wa = 1 kg Mb = 94 1
ΔTf =(0.635 X 5.12 X 20 / ( 94) ½
= 0.691 K

____________________________________________________________

12
 Class XII Session 2024-25
Subject - Chemistry
Sample Question Paper - 1

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions carefully.

1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.

2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.

3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.

4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.

5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.

6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.

7. All questions are compulsory.

8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. Which one of the following compounds is more reactive towards SN1 reaction? [1]

a) C6H5CH(C6H5)Br b) CH2 = CHCH2Br

c) C6H5CH(CH3)Br d) C6H5CH2Br

2. β -pleated sheet structure in proteins refers to [1]

a) tertiary structure b) primary structure

c) quaternary structure d) secondary structure

3. Anisole can be prepared by the action of methyl iodide on sodium phenate. The reaction is called [1]

a) Fittigs reaction b) Wurtzs reaction

c) Williamsons reaction d) Etards reaction

4. A compound (A) with molecular formula C5H10O, forms a phenyl hydrazone and gives negative Tollens' and [1]

iodoform tests. The compound on reduction gives n-pentane. The compound (A) is:

a) Pentan-3-one b) Pentan-2-one

c) Pentanal d) Pentanol
5. The ionic reactions are generally very fast because [1]

a) It does not involve bond breaking b) The number of collisions between ions are
very large

c) Reactions are highly exothermic d) The energy of interaction between charged

Page 1 of 13
 ion is greater than between neutral
molecules
6. Match the items given in column I with that in column II. [1]

Column I Column II

(a) Molarity (i)

Mass of solute 6
× 10
Mass of solution

(b) Molality (ii) Number of gram moles of a solute per litre of solution

(c) Normality (iii) Number of gram moles of a solute per kg of solvent

(d) ppm (iv) Number of gram equivalent of a solute per litre of solution

a) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i) b) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)

c) (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (i), (d) - (iv) d) (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)
7. Chlorine reacts with cold and dilute NaOH to give [1]

a) NaCIO and NaCIO3 b) NaCl and NaCIO3

c) NaCl and NaCIO d) NaCl and NaCIO4

8. The incorrect statement about interstitial compounds is: [1]

a) They retain metallic conductivity. b) They are very hard.

c) They are chemically reactive. d) They have high melting point.

9. The half life of a substance in a first order reaction is 15 min. The rate constant is [1]

a) 4.62 × 10– 2 min – 1 b) 6.74 × 10– 2 min– 1

c) 2.46 × 102 min– 1 d) 7.18 × 102 min– 1

10. Which of the following does not give Cannizaro reaction? [1]

a) (CH3)3 C - CHO b) (CH3)2 CH - CHO

c) HCHO d)

11. The conversion of an alkyl halide into alcohol by aqueous NaOH is classified as [1]

a) a dehydrohalogenation reaction b) a substitution reaction

c) an addition reaction d) a dehydration reaction

12. Which of the following methods of preparation of amines will give same number of carbon atoms in the chain of [1]
amines as in the reactant?

a) Treatment of amide with bromine in an b) Heating alkylhalide with potassium salt of

aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide phthalimide followed by hydrolysis

c) Reaction of nitrite with LiAlH4 d) Reaction of amide with LiAlH4 followed by

treatment with water

13. Assertion (A): Primary structure of proteins gives an idea about the conformation of the molecule. [1]
Reason (R): The differences in chemical and biological properties of various proteins arise due to the difference
in primary structure.

Page 2 of 13
 a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

14. Assertion (A): RCHO, RCOCH3 and cyclic ketones react with sodium bisulphite. [1]

Reason (R): Crystalline solid derivatives are formed when aldehydes or ketones are shaken with saturated
aqueous solution of sodium bisulphite.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

15. Assertion (A): Aryl halide gives a mixture of o- and p-products. [1]
Reason (R): Aryl halides undergo electrophilic substitutions more readily than benzene.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

16. Assertion (A): Last traces of moisture in ethanol can be removed by keeping it over sodium wire [1]
Reason (R): Sodium reacts with water but not with ethanol to produce H2 gas.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) Both A and R are false.

Section B
17. i. What type of isomerism is shown by the complex [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3? [2]

ii. On the basis of crystal field theory, write the electronic configuration for d4 ion if Δ > P.
o

iii. Write the hybridization and shape of [CoF6]3-. (Atomic number of Co = 27)

18. What is lanthanoid contraction? What is its effect on the chemistry of the elements which follow the [2]
lanthanoids?
19. Answer the following: [2]
(a) For a certain reaction large fraction of molecules has energy more than the threshold energy, yet the [1]
rate of reaction is very slow. Why?
(b) State a condition under which a bimolecular reaction is kinetically first-order reaction. [1]
20. The vapour pressure of pure benzene at a certain temperature is 0.850 bar. A non-volatile, non-electrolyte solid [2]

weighing 0.5 g when added to 39.0 g of benzene (molar mass 78 g mol-1). Vapour pressure of the solution, then,
is 0.845 bar. What is the molar mass of the solid substance?
OR
Calculate the osmotic pressure in pascals exerted by a solution prepared by dissolving 1.0 g of polymer of molar
mass 185,000 in 450 mL of water at 37°C.
21. Describe how the following conversions can be brought about (any two)? [2]
i. Cyclohexanol to cyclohexan-1-one.
ii. Ethyl benzene to benzoic acid.
iii. Bromobenzene to benzoic acid.

Page 3 of 13
 Section C
22. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction. [3]
2+ 2
Zn(s) + C u (aq) ⇌ Z n (aq) + C u(s)

Given: E 0

Zn
2+
/Zn
= −0.763V

and E 0

cu
2+
/cu
= +0.34V

23. Consider a certain reaction A → Products with k = 2.0 × 10-2 s-1. Calculate the concentration of A remaining [3]

after 100 s if the initial concentration of A is 1.0 mol L-1.

24. Give the major products that are formed by heating each of the following ethers with HI. [3]
C H3

i. C H 3
− C H2 − C H − C H2 − O − C H2 − C H3

C H3

ii. C H 3 − C H2 − C H2 − O − C − C H2 − C H3
|

C H3

iii.

OR
i. Write the mechanism of the following SN1 reaction:
Aq. NaOH

(CH3)3C - Br −−−−−−→ (CH3)3 C - OH + NaBr

ii. Write the equation for the preparation of 2-methyl-2-methoxypropane by Williamson synthesis.
25. Arrange the following compounds in the increasing order of their property indicated: [3]
i. Acetaldehyde, Benzaldehyde, Acetophenone, Acetone (Reactivity towards HCN)
ii. (CH3)2CHCOOH, CH3CH2CH(Br)COOH, CH3CH(Br)CH2COOH (Acidic strength)

iii. CH3CH2OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH (Boiling point)

26. One half-cell in a voltaic cell is constructed from a silver wire dipped in silver nitrate solution of unknown [3]
concentration. The other half-cell consists of a zinc electrode in 1.0 M solution of Zn(NO3)2. A voltage of 1.48

V is measured for this cell. Use this information to calculate the concentration of silver nitrate solution.
[ Given, E ∘
2+
= −0.763V and E ∘
+
= +0.80V ].
Zn /Zn Ag /Ag

27. One of the two figures given below represents substitution and the other represents elimination. Indicate which [3]
is substitution and which is elimination.

28. What is an electrochemical series? How does it help in calculating the e.m.f of a standard cell? [3]
Section D
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The transition metals when exposed to oxygen at low and intermediate temperatures form thin, protective oxide
films of up to some thousands of Angstroms in thickness. Transition metal oxides lie between the extremes of
ionic and covalent binary compounds formed by elements from the left or right side of the periodic table. They

Page 4 of 13
 range from metallic to semiconducting and deviate by both large and small degrees from stoichiometry. Since d-
electron bonding levels are involved, the cations-exist in various valence states and hence give rise to a large
number of oxides. The crystal structures are often classified by considering a cubic or hexagonal close-packed
lattice of one set of ions with the other set of ions filling the octahedral or tetrahedral interstices. The actual
oxide structures, however, generally show departures from such regular arrays due in part to distortions caused
by packing of ions of different size and to ligand field effects. These distortions depend not only on the number
of d-electrons but also on the valence and the position of the transition metal in a period or group.
i. Why does copper, which is in first series of transition metal exhibits +1 oxidation state most frequently? (1)
ii. The lowest oxide of transition metal is basic. Why? (1)
iii. The variability in oxidation states of d-block different from that of the p-block elements. Explain. (2)
OR
Crystal structure of oxides of transition metals often show defects. Given reason. (2)
30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Aariv Sharma is very fond of a special drink made by his grandmother using different fruits available in their
hometown. It has an outstanding taste and also provide great health benefits of natural fruits. He thought of
utilizing his grandmother recipe to create a new product in the beverage market that provide health benefits and
also contain fizziness of various soft drinks available in the market.
i. How he can add fizz to the special drink made by his grandmother? (1)
ii. What is the law stated in the chapter that can help Aariv to make his drink fizzy? (1)
iii. What precautions he should take while bottling so that his product does not lose fizz during storage and
handling across long distances? (2)
OR

The mole fraction of helium in a saturated solution at 20oC is 1.2 × 10-6. Find the pressure of helium above

the solution. Given Henry’s constant at 20oC is 144.97 kbar. (2)

Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following: [5]
(a) What is the structural feature characterising reducing sugars? [1]
(b) What type of linkage is present in polysaccharides? [1]
(c) Give examples of fat soluble vitamins. [1]
(d) The two strands in DNA are not identical but are complementary. Explain. [1]
(e) Write uses of B-Complex. [1]
(f) Name the disaccharide which on hydrolysis gives two molecules of glucose. [1]
(g) Name purines present in DNA? [1]
32. Write the IUPAC names of the following coordination compounds: [5]
a. [Pt (NH3)2 Cl(NO2]

b. K3 [Cr (C2O4)3]
c. [CoCl2 (en)2]Cl

d. [Co(NH3)5 (CO3)]Cl

e. Hg [Co (SCN)4]

OR

Page 5 of 13
 Using Valence bond theory, explain the following in relation to the paramagnetic complex [Mn(CN)6]3-

a. type of hybridisation
b. magnetic moment value
c. type of complex - inner, outer orbital complex

33. i. Write the structures of main products when benzene diazonium chloride (C 6
+
H5 N
2
−
Cl ) reacts with the [5]
following reagents :
a. HBF4/Δ
b. Cu /HBr
ii. Write the structures of A, B and C in the following reactions :
Sn/H C l NaN O2 + H C l H2 O

a. C6H5NO2 −−−−→ A −−−−−−−−→ B −−→ C

273K Δ
KC N LiAlH4 H NO2

b. CH3Cl −−−→ A −−−−→ B −−−−→ C

273K

OR
i. Illustrate the following reactions giving suitable example in each case:
a. Ammonolysis
b. Coupling reaction
c. Acetylation of amines
ii. Describe Hinsberg method for the identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. Also, write the
chemical equations of the reactions involved.

Page 6 of 13
 Solution
Section A
1. (a) C6H5CH(C6H5)Br

Explanation: C6H5CH(C6H5)+ carbocation formed is more stable.

2.
(d) secondary structure
Explanation: Alpha helices and beta sheets are the two most known secondary structures of protein, As the protein folds into a
three-dimensional structure, the secondary structure forms an intermediate.
3.
(c) Williamsons reaction
Explanation: The reaction of an alkyl halide with sodium alkoxide to give ether (alkoxy alkane), is known as Williamson's
synthesis. In this reaction, an ether (anisole) is prepared by the action of alkyl halide (methyl iodide) on sodium alkoxide
(sodium phenate), so it is an example of Williamson's synthesis.

4. (a) Pentan-3-one
Explanation: Pentan-3-one
5. (a) It does not involve bond breaking
Explanation: Ionic reactions do not involve bond breaking, energy is directly used in completing the reaction, therefore they
are fast.
6. (a) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
Explanation: (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
7.
(c) NaCl and NaCIO
Explanation: Chlorine reacts with cold and dilute NaOH to produce a mixture of sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium
hypochloride (NaOCl).
2NaOH + Cl2 → NaCl + NaOCl + H2O

8.
(c) They are chemically reactive.
Explanation: Interstitial compounds are obtained when small atoms like H, B, C, resemble N, etc. fit into the lattice of other
elements. They are chemically inert.

9. (a) 4.62 × 10– 2 min – 1

Explanation: for first order reaction
0.693
t1 =
/ k
2

10.
(b) (CH3)2 CH - CHO
Explanation: (CH3)2 CH - CHO doesn't give cannizaro reaction.

11.
(b) a substitution reaction
Explanation: Alkyl halides on alkaline hydrolysis (aqueous NaOH) get converted into alcohol. This takes place by a
nucleophilic substitution reaction where the −X atom is substituted by a nucleophile i.e −OH group. The primary alkyl halides
undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction by SN2​substitution mechanism, while tertiary alkyl halides follow SN1​substitution
mechanism.

Page 7 of 13
12. (a) Treatment of amide with bromine in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide
Explanation: Aliphatic and aryl/alkyl primary amines can be prepared by the reduction of the corresponding nitriles with
lithium aluminium hydride LiAIH4.
R − C ≡ N Ar − C ≡ N → LiAlH4 RCH2 NH2
o
Alkynitrite Arynitirite 1 a min e

Heating alkyl halide with primary, secondary, and tertiary amine can be prepared by reduction of LiAlH4 ether followed by
treatment with water.
(i)LiAlH4 /ether

R − CONH2 −−−−−−−−−→ R − CH2 − NH2

(ii) H2 O

Heating alkyl halide with potassium salt of phthalimide followed by hydrolysis produces primary amine. This process is known
as Gabriel's phthalimide reaction. The number of carbon atoms in the chain of amines of the product is the same as a reactant.

13.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: The primary structure of a protein gives only the nature of linkages of α -amino acids in a protein chain.
14.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: SO −−
3
is a large ion. Its addition is possible only under the condition that grouping is not sterically
hindered as is the case for RCHO, RCOCH3 and cyclic ketones.

15.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Halogens are somewhat deactivating but o, p-directing. As a result, aryl halides undergo the usual electrophilic
substitution reactions less readily than benzene.
16.
(d) Both A and R are false.
Explanation:
Last traces of moisture in ethanol cannot be removed by keeping it over sodium wire. Sodium reacts both with H2O and
ethanol.
Section B
17. i. Hydration isomerism
ii. Electronic configuration is t 4
2g

iii. Hybridization is sp3d2 and shape is octahedral.

18. The decrease in atomic and ionic size with increase in atomic number among lanthanoids is called lanthanoid contraction. The
elements after lanthanoids closely resemble with the elements exactly above them due to similar ionic size for example Zr and Hf
have similar sizes.
19. Answer the following:
(i) Though the reacting large fraction of molecules may be having energy more than threshold energy, yet they may not be
effective due to lack of proper orientation.
(ii) Let us consider a biomolecular reaction:
A + B → Product
Rate = k[A][B] ...(i)
When the concentration of [B] is taken in large excess that its concentration hardly change, rate law will become Rate
=k'[A]
where, k' = k[B]
The order of reaction will be equal to one.
20. The various quantities known to us are as follows:
p10 = 0.850 bar; p = 0.845 bar; M1 = 78g mol-1; w2 = 0.5 g; w1 = 39 g

Page 8 of 13
 Substituting these values in equation of relative lowering of vapour pressure, we get
−1
0.850 bar −0.845 bar 0.5g×78gmol

0.850 bar
= M2 ×39g

Therefore, M2 = 170 g mol-1

OR
It is given that:
Volume of water, V= 450 mL = 0.45 L
Temperature, T = (37 + 273) K = 310 K
Number of moles of the polymer, n = 1

185000
mol

We know that:
Osmotic pressure, π = n

V
RT

1 1 3 −1 −1
= mol × × 8.314 × 10 P aLK mo l × 310K
185000 0.45

= 30.98 Pa
= 31 Pa (approximately)

21. i.

ii.

iii.

Section C
22. Zn(s) → Zn 2+
(aq) + 2e
−

2+ −
Cu (aq) + 2e → C u(s)

2+ 2+
Zn(s) + C u (aq) → Zn (aq) + C u(s)

Ecell = E0Cu+2/Cu - E0Zn+2/Zn

= + 0.34V - (-0.763V)
= 1.103 V
0
nE
log K =
0.0591
2×1.103
=
0.0591

log K =
2.206

0.0591
= 37.326
k = Antilog 37.326
37
= 2.118 × 10

23. k = 2.0 × 10 −2
s
−1

T= 100 s
−1
[A]0 = 1.0 mol L

Since the unit of k is s −1

, the given reaction is a first order reaction.
[A]
Therefore, k = 2.303

t
log
0

[A]

−2 −1 2.303 1.0
2.0 × 10 s = log
100 [A]

−2 −1 2.303
2.0 × 10 s = (− log[A])
100
−2
2.0× 10 ×100
− log[A] =
2.303
−2

[A] = antilog (− 2.0× 10

2.303
×100
)

Page 9 of 13
 = 0.135 mol L-1 (approximately)
Hence, the remaining concentration of A is 0.135 mol L-1.
24. i. C H 3 − C H2 − C H − C H2 OH + C H3 C H2 I
|

CH3

2−Methylbutane−1−ol

CH3

ii. C H 3 C H2 C H2 OH + C H3 C H2 − C − I
|

CH3

2−Iodo−2−methylbutane

iii.

OR

i.

ii.

25. i. Acetophenone < Benzaldehyde < Acetone < Acetaldehyde

ii. (C H ) C HC OOH < C H − C H − C H − C OOH < C H
3 2 3 2 3 − C H2 − C H − C OOH
| |

Br Br

iii. CH3CHO < CH3CH2OH < CH3COOH

26. It is clear that, E Zn
∘
2+
/Zn
= −0.763V < E
∘

Ag
+
/Ag
= +0.80V

Therefore, cell can be represented as Zn(s) | Zn2+(aq) (1M) II Ag+(aq) | Ag(s)

∴ E
∘
=E
Cell
− E
∘
Cathode
= 0.80 - (-0.76) = 1.56 ; Ecell = 1.48V (given)
∘
Anode

By applying Nernst equation, we get

2+

Ecell = E
[ Zn ]
∘ 0.0591
− log
cell 2 2
+
[Ag ]

0.0591 1
1.48 = 1.56 − 2
log
2
+
[Ag ]

0.08 = 0.0295 log 1

+ 2
[Ag ]

0.08 +
= −2 log[ Ag ]
0.0295
0.08 +
− = log[ Ag ]
0.0295×2

log[Ag+] = -1.356

Page 10 of 13
 [Ag+] = Antilog [-1.356]
Therefore, [Ag+] = 0.0441 = 4.4 × 10-2 M
27. a. represents elimination because in this the anion attacks the H and simultaneously Br leaves leading to formation of a double
bond.
b. represents substitution as the nucleophile attacks the compound and simultaneously the leaving group leaves.
28. The series of elements which have been arranged on the basis of their electrode potential is called electrochemical series or
activity series.
Standard EMF of the cell = [standard reduction potential of the right hand side electrode] - [Standard reduction potential of the left
hand side electrode]
0 0
emf = E − E
cathode anode

Section D
29. i. Copper readily loses one electron from its 4s orbital, to form stable 3d electronic configuration.
ii. The lower oxide of transition metal has low oxidation states. This means some of the valence electrons of the metal atoms do
not participate in bonding. Thus, they can donate electrons and can behave as bases.
iii. In p-block, lower oxidation state is more stable due to inert pair effect, whereas in d-block elements higher oxidation states
states are more stable. In d-block, oxidation states differ by one, whereas in p-block, it differs by two.
OR
The actual oxide structures, generally show departures from a regular arrays due in part to distortions caused by packing of
ions of different size and to ligand field effects.
30. i. Carbondioxide is a gas which provide fizz and tangy flavour. He can dissolve Carbondioxide gas in the drink.
ii. Henry’s law which states that solubility of a gas in liquid is directly proportional to partial pressure of the gas.
iii. Bottles should be sealed under high pressure of CO2 and capping should be done perfectly to avoid leakage of CO2 as any loss
of partial pressure will result into decrease in solubility.
OR
pHe = KHx × XHe

= (144.97 × 103 bar) (1.2 × 10-6)

= 0.174 bar
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following:
(i) The reducing sugars have free aldehydic or ketonic groups.
(ii) Glycosidic linkage
(iii)Fat soluble vitamins are absorbed along with fats in the diet and are stored in body's fatty tissue and in the liver. Vitamin
A, D , E and K are fat soluble vitamins.
(iv)In the helical structure of DNA, the two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between specific pairs of bases.
Cytosine forms hydrogen bond with guanine, while adenine forms hydrogen bond with thymine. As a result, the two
strands are complementary to each other.
(v) It is required for making red blood cells, muscles.
(vi)The disaccharide which gives two molecules of glucose on hydrolysis is maltose.
(vii)Adenine and guanine
32. a. The IUPAC name of [Pt (NH3)2 Cl(NO2] is Diamminechloridonitrito-N-platinum(II).
b. The IUPAC name of K3 [Cr (C2O4)3] is Potassium trioxalatochromate(III).
c. The IUPAC name of [CoCl2 (en)2]Cl is Dichloridobis (ethane-1,2-diamine)cobalt(III) chloride.
d. The IUPAC name of [Co(NH3)5 (CO3)]Cl is Pentaamminecarbonatocobalt(III) chloride.
e. The IUPAC name of Hg [Co (SCN)4] is Mercury (I) tetrathiocyanatocobaltate(III).

OR
[Mn(CN)6]3-

Mn = [Ar] 3d54s2
Mn3+ = [Ar] 3d4

Page 11 of 13
 xx are electrons donated by ligand CN-
a. Type of hybridisation - d2sp3
b. Magnetic moment value
−−−−−−− −−−−−−−
= √n(n + 2) = √2(2 + 2) = 2.87 BM
(n = no. of unpaired electrons)
c. Type of complex - inner orbital

33. i. a.

b.

ii. a.

KCN LiAlH4 273K

CH3 CN CH3 CH2 NH2 CH3 CH2 OH
b. CH3Cl −−−→ −−−−→ −−−−→ + N2↑ + H2O
(A) (B) HN O2
(C )

OR
i.
a. Ammonolysis The process of cleavage of the C-X bond by ammonia molecule is known as ammonolysis. In this process,
an alkyl or benzyl halide on reaction with an ethanolic solution of ammonia undergoes nucleophilic substitution reaction in
which halogen atom is replaced by an amino (-NH2) group. The reaction is carried out in a sealed tube at 373 K. The
primary amine thus obtained behaves as a nucleophile and can further react with alkyl halide to form secondary and
tertiary amines and further quaternary salts.

RX RX RX +

R−NH2 −→
− R2NH−→
− XR3N −→
− R4N X-

b. Coupling reaction Arenediazonium salts react with highly reactive (i.e. electron-rich) aromatic compounds such as
aniline, phenols to form brightly coloured azo compounds, Ar-N =N-Ar. This reaction is called coupling reaction. e.g.
Benzene diazonium chloride reacts with aniline in faintly acidic medium (pH 4- 5) at 273·278K, in which the molecule at
its para-position is coupled with the diazonium salt to form p-aminoazobenzene. This is an example of coupling reaction.

O
⎛ ⎞
||

c. Acetylation of amines The process of introducing an acetyl group ⎜

⎜C H 3 − C −⎟
⎟ into the molecule is called
⎝ ⎠

acetylation of amines.

Page 12 of 13
ii. The reaction of primary and secondary amines with benzenesulphonyl chloride (C6H5SO2Cl, known as Hinsberg's reagent to

form sulphonamides is known as Hinsberg's method (or reaction). This method (or reaction) is used for separating 1o, 2o and
3o amines.
a. The reaction of benzenesulphonyl chloride with primary amine yields N-ethylbenzenesulphonamide.

The hydrogen attached to N-atom in sulphonamide is strogly acidic due to the presence of strong electron withdrawing
sulphonyl group. Hence, it is soluble in alkali.
b. In the reaction with secondary amine, N, N-diethylbenzenes amide is formed.

Since, N, N-diethylbenzenesulphonamide does not contain any hydrogen atom attached to nitrogen atom, it is not acidic
and hence, insoluble in alkali.
c. Tertiary amines do not react with benzenesulphonyl chloride. as it doesn't contain replaceable hydrogens.

Page 13 of 13
 Class XII Session 2024-25
Subject - Chemistry
Sample Question Paper - 2

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions carefully.

1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.

2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.

3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.

4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.

5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.

6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.

7. All questions are compulsory.

8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. The order of reactivity of following alcohols with halogen acids is ________. [1]
A. CH3CH2 —CH2—OH
B. C H 3 C H2 − CH − OH
|

C H3

C H3

C. C H 3 C H2 − C − OH
|

C H3

a) (A) > (C) > (B) b) (C) > (B) > (A)

c) (B) > (A) > (C) d) (A) > (B) > (C)
2. DNA fingerprinting means the [1]

a) sequencing the nucleotides in DNA b) sequencing the bases present in double helix

c) information regarding the unique sequence d) information reagrding the unique imprints
of bases on DNA for a person on the fingertip for a person
3. One mole of an organic compound 'A' with the formula C3H8O reacts completely with two moles of HI to form [1]

X and Y. When 'Y' is boiled with aqueous alkali forms Z. Z answers the iodoform test. The compound 'A' is
______.

a) methoxyethane b) ethoxyethane

c) Propan – 2 – o1 d) Propan – 1 – o1

Page 1 of 14
 4. The common name for pentanedioic acid is: [1]

a) Succinic acid b) Pimelic acid

c) Oxalic acid d) Glutaric acid

5. If 75% of a first order reaction was completed in 32 min, then 50% of the reaction was completed in_____. [1]

a) 24 min b) 4 min

c) 16 min d) 8 min
6. Match the items of column I with appropriate entries of column II. [1]

Column I Column II

(a)
△Tb
(i)
△P
o
P m
A

(b) K b (ii) mol fraction of solute

(c) i (iii)
△Tf

(d) K f (iv) Ratio of observed molar mass to actual molar mass

a) (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii) b) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii)

c) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii) d) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
7. Carbon tetrachloride has a dipole moment: [1]

a) μ = 0 b) μ = 1

c) μ = 2 d) μ = 4
8. Among the following, which bivalent ion of the first transition series shows a maximum magnetic moment? [1]

a) Co2+ b) Ni2+

c) Mn2+ d) Fe2+

9. The slope of the line in the plot of concentration [A] Vs. time (s) indicate [1]

a) +k b) -k

c) +k

2.303
d) −k

2.303

10. How to do the following conversion: [1]

RCOOCl + ? → RCHO

a) Using H2-Pd,BaSO4 b) Using DIBAL-H

c) Using H2 - Pd d) Using NaBH4

11. Give IUPAC name of the compound given below. [1]

C H3 − C H − C H2 − C H2 − C H − C H3
| |

Cl OH

a) 2 – Chloro – 5 – hydroxyhexane b) 5 – Chlorohexan – 2 – ol

c) 2 – Hydroxy – 5 – chlorohexane d) 2 – Chlorohexan – 5 – ol

12. The correct increasing order of basic strength for the following compounds is ________. [1]

Page 2 of 14
 I.

II.

III.

a) III < I < II b) III < II < I

c) II < III < I d) II < I < III

13. Assertion (A): Cellulose is not digested by human beings. [1]
Reason (R): Cellulose is a polymer of β-D-glucose.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

14. Assertion (A): Benzaldehyde is less reactive than ethanal towards nucleophilic addition reactions. [1]
Reason (R): Ethanal is more sterically hindered.

a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are
correct statements, and Reason (R) is the correct statements, but Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of the Assertion (A). correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

c) Assertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is d) Assertion (A) is wrong, but Reason (R) is
wrong statement. correct statement.
15. Assertion (A): Hydrolysis of (–)-2-bromooctane proceeds with inversion of configuration. [1]
Reason (R): This reaction proceeds through the formation of a carbocation to give (+)-octan-2-ol as a product.
In SN2 reaction of optically active halides are accompanied by inversion of configuration.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

16. Assertion (A): The oxygen of OH group in alcohols is attached to sp3 hybridised carbon. [1]

Reason (R): The bond angle in alcohols C − O

ˆ o
− H is 109 28'.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Page 3 of 14
 Section B

17. Using the valence bond approach, deduce the shape and magnetic behaviour of [Cr(NH3)6]3+ion. [Atomic [2]

number of Cr = 24]
18. Why is Cr2+ reducing and Mn3+ oxidising when both have d4 configuration? [2]

19. Answer the following: [2]

(a) For a chemical reaction, what is the effect of catalyst on the rate of the reaction. [1]
(b) Why is the probability of reaction with molecularity higher than three very rare? [1]
20. Why do gases always tend to be less soluble in liquids as the temperature is raised? [2]
OR
Calculate the freezing point of a solution containing 0.520 g glucose (C6H12O6) dissolved in 80.20 g of water. (For

water Kf = 1.86 K kg mol-1)

21. Draw the structures of the following compounds. [2]

i. 4-Chloropentan-2-one
ii. 3-Bromo-4-phenylpentanoic acid
Section C
22. Calculate the potential of hydrogen electrode in contact with a solution whose PH is 10. [3]
23. The rate constant for a first order reaction is 60s . How much time will it take to reduce the concentration of
−1
[3]
the reactant to its initial value?
1
th
10

24. Give equations of the following reactions: [3]

i. Oxidation of propan-1-ol with alkaline KMnO4 solution.
ii. Bromine in CS2 with phenol.

iii. Dilute HNO3 with phenol.

iv. Treating phenol with chloroform in presence of aqueous NaOH.

OR
Write the structures of the major products expected from the following reactions:
a. Mononitration of 3-methylphenoI
b. Dinitration of 3-methylphenol
c. Mononitration of phenyl methanoate
25. An aromatic compound A (Molecular formula C8H8O) gives positive 2, 4-DNP test. It gives a yellow precipitate [3]

of compound B on treatment with iodine and sodium hydroxide solution. Compound A does not give Tollen’s or
Fehling’s test. On drastic oxidation with potassium permanganate it forms a carboxylic acid C (Molecular
formula C7H6O2), which is also formed along with the yellow compound in the above reaction. Identify A, B
and C and write all the reactions involved.
26. When a steady current of 2A was passed through two electrolytic cells A and B containing electrolytes ZnSO4 [3]

and CuSO4 connected in series, 2g of Cu were deposited at the cathode of cell B. How long did the current
flow? What mass of Zn was deposited at cathode of cell A?

[Atomic mass: Cu = 63.5 g mol-1, Zn = 65 g mol-1; 1F = 96500 C mol-1]

27. In each of the following pairs of compounds, identify the compound which will undergo SN1 reaction faster. [3]

Page 4 of 14
 i. and

ii. and

28. Determine the value of equilibrium constant (K c) and ΔG

θ
for the following reaction. [3]
+ 2+
N i(s) + 2Ag (aq) → N i (aq) + 2Ag(s)

θ −1
E = 1.05 V (1 F = 96500 C mol )

Section D
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Transition metal oxides are generally formed by the reaction of metals with oxygen at high temperatures. The
highest oxidation number in the oxides coincides with the group number. In vanadium, there is a gradual change
from the basic V2O3 to less basic V2O4 and to amphoteric V2O5. V2O4 dissolves in acids to give VO2+ salts.

Potassium dichromate is a very important chemical used in the leather industry and as an oxidant for the
preparation of many azo compounds. Dichromates are generally prepared from chromate. Sodium dichromate is
more soluble than potassium dichromate. The latter is, therefore, prepared by treating the solution of sodium
dichromate with potassium chloride. Sodium and potassium dichromates are strong oxidising agents; sodium salt
has a greater solubility in water and is extensively used as an oxidising agent in organic chemistry. Potassium
dichromate is used as a primary standard in volumetric analysis.
i. Which of the 3d series of the transition metals exhibits the largest number of oxidation and why? (1)
ii. A transition metal exhibits highest oxidation state ih oxides and fluorides. Give reason. (1)
iii. How would you account for the increasing oxidising power in the series: (2)
V O
+
2
< C r2 O
2−
7
< M nO
−
4
?
OR
MnO is basic whereas Mn2O7 is acidic in nature. Give reason. (2)

30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Many chemical and biological processes depend on osmosis, the selective passage of solvent molecules through
the porous membrane from a dilute solution to a more concentrated one. The osmotic pressure π depends on
molar concentration of the solution (π = CRT). If two solutions are of equal solute concentration and, hence,
have the same osmotic pressure, they are said to be isotonic. If two solutions are of unequal osmotic pressures,
the more concentrated solution is said to be hypertonic and the more diluted solution is described as hypotonic.
Osmosis is the major mechanism, for transporting water upward in the plants. Transpiration is the leaves
supports the transport mechanism of water. The osmotic pressure of seawater is about 30 atm; this is the pressure
that must be applied to the seawater (separated from pure water using a semi-permeable membrane) to get
drinking water.
i. What will happen if a plant cell kept in a hypertonic solution? (1)
ii. Blood cells are isotonic with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. What happens if we place blood cells in a
solution containing in 1.2% sodium chloride solution? (1)
iii. What happens when the external pressure applied becomes more than the osmotic pressure of solution? (2)
OR
Which mechanisms helps in the transportation of water in a plant? (2)

Page 5 of 14
 Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following: [5]
(a) What are Purines and Pyrimidines? Name the purines and Pyrimidines present in DNA and RNA [1]
nucleic Acids.
(b) Write the full forms of DNA and RNA. [1]
(c) Name the vitamin whose deficiency causes convulsions. [1]
(d) Which vitamin B group can be stored in our body? [1]
(e) i. What is the difference between a nucleoside and nucleotide? [1]
ii. Write one difference between α-helix and β-pleated sheet structures of protein.
(f) What are nucleic acids? Why two strands in DNA are not identical but are complementary? [1]
(g) Some enzymes are named after the reaction, where they are used. What name is given to the class of [1]
enzymes which catalyse the oxidation of one substrate with simultaneous reduction of another
substrate?
32. Write the IUPAC names of the following coordination compounds: [5]
i. [C o (N H 3
) 6] C l3

ii. [C o(N H 3
) C l] C l2
5

iii. K 3
[F e(C N ) ]
6

iv. K 3
[F e( C2 O4 ) ]
3

v. K 2
[P dC l4 ]

vi. [P t(N H 3
) C l (N H2 C H3 )] C l
2

OR
Using IUPAC norms write the formulas for the following:
a. Tetrahydroxozincate(II)
b. Potassium tetrachloridopalladate(II)
c. Diamminedichloridoplatinum(II)
d. Potassium tetracyanonickelate(II)
e. Pentaamminenitrito-O-cobalt(III)
f. Hexaamminecobalt(III) sulphate
g. Potassium tri(oxalato)chromate(III)
h. Hexaammineplatinum(IV)
i. Tetrabromidocuprate(II)
j. Pentaamminenitrito-N-cobalt(III)

33. i. Write the structures of main products when benzene diazonium chloride reacts with the following reagents: [5]

a. H3PO2 + Hp
b. CuCN/KCN
c. H2O

ii. Arrange the following in the increasing order of their basic character in an aqueous solution: C2H5NH2,

(C2H5)2NH,(C2H5)3N. Give justification.

OR
Write major product(s) in the following reactions:

Page 6 of 14
 Sn/H C l

i. C6H5-NO2 −−−−→ ?

ii.

Br2 /KOH

iii. CH3CONH2 −−−−−−→ ?

Page 7 of 14
 Solution
Section A
1.
(b) (C) > (B) > (A)
Explanation: Haloalkanes are prepared from alcohol and halogen acids where the hydroxyl group of the alcohol is replaced by
the halogen. Options (A) (B) and (C) are primary, secondary, tertiary alcohols respectively. Tertiary alcohols are more reactive
than secondary and primary alcohol, the secondary halide is more reactive than primary halide and they form haloalkanes from
haloacids at room temperature without catalysts. The order of reactivity of alcohols is 3°>2°>1°.
2.
(c) information regarding the unique sequence of bases on DNA for a person
Explanation: A sequence of bases on DNA is unique for a person and information regarding this is called DNA fingerprinting.
It is same for every cell and cannot be altered by any known treatment.
3. (a) methoxyethane
Explanation: Ether reacts with HI to form alcohol and alkyl iodide. Alcohol on oxidation will give the iodoform test.
4.
(d) Glutaric acid
Explanation:
Pentanedioic acid is known as glutaric acid.
(COOH)2 is known as oxalic acid.
Butanedioic acid is known as succinic acid.
Hexanedioic acid is known as adipic acid.
Heptanedioic acid is known as pimelic acid.

5.
(c) 16 min
Explanation: 75% completion means 2 half lifes so 50% completion means only one half life.
2.303 a
k = log
t a−x

2.303 100
k = log( ). . . (1)
32 100−75

2.303 100
k = log( ). . . (2)
t 100−50

from (1) and (2), we get

t = 16 mins
6. (a) (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)
Explanation: (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)
7. (a) μ = 0
Explanation: CCl4 is a symmetrical molecule. Hence, the dipole moment is zero.

8.
(c) Mn2+
Explanation: Mn2+ has d5 configuration so a maximum number of unpaired electrons and hence maximum magnetic moment.
This magnetic moment can be calculated by using the spin only formula: μ so = ∠n(n + 2) , where n= number of unpaired
electrons.
9.
(b) -k
Explanation: Slop of the line indicates = -k while the intercept represents [R]0.

Page 8 of 14
10. (a) Using H2-Pd,BaSO4
Explanation: Catalytic hydrogenation of acid chloride using H2-Pd, BaSO4 converts acid chloride selectively to aldehydes
(BaSO4 reduces the activity of palladium). This is known as Rosenmund Reduction.

11.
(b) 5 – Chlorohexan – 2 – ol
6 5 4 3 2 1

Explanation: C H 3 C H − C H2 − C H2 − C H − C H2
| |

CL OH

5−chlorohexan−2−ol

-OH is given preference over -Cl so numbering is done so that –OH gets the lowest number.

12.
(d) II < I < III
Explanation:

Electron withdrawing group decreases the basic strength of aniline while electron releasing groups increases the basic strength
of aniline.

13.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
14.
(c) Assertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is wrong statement.
Explanation: Assertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is wrong statement.
15.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Hydrolysis of alkyl halides with inversion of configuration is an example of SN2 mechanism. This mechanism is
a one-step process and does not involve the formation of a carbocation.
16.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
The bond angle C − O ˆ o
− H in alcohols is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle 109 28'. It is due to the repulsion between the

unshared electron pairs of oxygen.

Section B
17. Cr has electronic configuration [Ar]4s13d5
Cr3+ has electronic configuration [Ar]4s03d5

Page 9 of 14
 d5 sp3, hybridisation gives octahedral shape. The complex is paramagnetic due to the presence of unpaired electrons.
18. Chromium Cr2+ is reducing as its configuration changes from d4 to d3, the latter having a half-filled t2g level. On the other hand,

the change from (Manganese) Mn3+ to Mn2+ results in the half-filled (d5) configuration which has extra stability.
19. Answer the following:
(i) Catalyst increases the rate of reaction by providing alternative path with lower energy of activation.
(ii) As the number increases the chance of simultaneous collision decrease that means the probability of more than three
molecules colliding simultaneously is very small. Therefore, the possibility of molecularity being three is very low.
20. Mostly dissolution of gases in liquid is an exothermic process. It is because the fact that this process involves decrease of entropy.
Thus, increase of temperature tends to push the equilibrium in backward direction as a result solubility of the gas decreases.
(Gas + Solvent ⇌ Solution + Heat)
OR
MB =Molecular mass of glucose, C6H12O6
−1
= (6 × 12) + (12 × 1) + 6 × 16) = 180 g mol

wB = mas of glucose = 0.520g

WA = mass of water = 80.20g
Kf = 1.86KKg/mol
Kf × wB ×1000
1.86×0.520×1000
ΔTf = =
MB × wA 180×80.20

= 0.0669

21. i.

ii.

Section C
22. For hydrogen electrode:
+ − 1
H + e → H2
2

Applying Nernst equation:

0 0.0591 1
E = E − log
n +
[H ]

0.0591 1
= 0 −
1
log
−10
[pH = 10 means [H +
]
10
−10
= 10 M

= −0.0591 × 10 = −0.591V

23. Given, k = 60s −1

, [R]o = 100M and [R] = 100M × 1

10
= 10M

[R]
2.303 0 2.303 100
t = log = log[ ]
k [R] k 10

2.303
t = log 10 = 0.0384 s
60

alkKmnO4

24. i. C H 3 C H2 C H2 OH −−−−−−→ C H3 C H2 C OOH

Propan - 1 - ol Propanoic acid

Page 10 of 14
 ii.

iii.

iv.

OR
The combined influence of -OH and -CH3 groups determine the position of the incoming group. Keeping in view that both -OH
and -CH3 are o- and p-directing groups, the following products are obtained:

a.

b.

c.

25. The molecular formula of the compound is C8H8O. As A does not give Tollens or Fehling's test. It must be a ketone. It gives a
positive test with 2, 4-DNP, and iodoform test. It means it is methyl ketone. B is iodoform and C is benzoic acid.

Page 11 of 14
26. Steady current = 2A
copper deposited at cathode of cell B = 2g
Cell B contains CuSO4 and reaction may be represented as,
2+ 2−
C uSO4 → C u + SO
4

The reaction happens at cathode as,

Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu
So, 1 mol Cu deposited by 2F charge
63.5 g Cu → 2 × 96500
2g Cu → x
2×2×96500
x= 63.5
= 6078.74 C
we know formula
Q = It
6078.74 = 2 × t
t= = 3039.37 Sec
6078.74

From faraday's second law of electrolysis,

ωt of Cu EqωtCu
=
ωt of Z n Eq⋅ωtZ n

63.5/2
2
=
x 65/2

x= 2

0.9769
= 2.047 g
weight of Zn deposited = 2.047 g

27. i. Since 3° carbocations are more stable than 2° carbon cations therefore will react faster.

ii. Benzyl chloride readily forms benzyl cation which is stabilized by resonance. Thus, benzyl chloride undergoes SN1 reaction
faster than chlorobenzene.
28. We have,
+ 2+
N i(s) + 2Ag (aq) → N i (aq) + 2Ag(s)

For the reaction n = 2,E θ

cell
= 1.05 V
θ θ
ΔG = −nF E

θ
ΔG = −2 × 96500 C × 1.05 V

θ −1
ΔG = −202.65 kJ mo l

For Equilibrium constant, we have,

θ
ΔG = −2.303 RT log Kc
Θ
ΔG
log Kc = −
2.303RT
202650
= −
2.303×8.314×298

Kc = Antilog(35.5161)
35
Kc = 3.284 × 10

Section D
29. i. Manganese (Z = 25) shows maximum number of O.S. This is because its outer EC is 3d54s2. As 3d and 4s are close in energy,
it has maximum number of e-1 s to loose or share. Hence, it shows O.S. from +2 to +7 which is the maximum number.

Page 12 of 14
 ii. A transition metal exhibits higher oxidation states in oxides and fluorides because oxygen and fluorine are highly
electronegative elements, small in size and strongest oxidising agents.
iii. This is due to the increasing stability of the lower species to which they are reduced.
OR
When a metal is in a high oxidation state, its oxide is acidic and when a metal is in a low oxidation state its oxide is basic.
30. i. A plant cell gets shrink when it is kept in a hypertonic solution.
ii. 1.2% sodium chloride solution is hypertonic with respect to 0.9% sodium chloride solution or blood cells. When blood cells
are placed in this solution, water flows out of the cells and they shrink due to loss of water by osmosis.
iii. When the external pressure applied becomes more than the osmotic pressure of the solution, then the solvent molecules from
the solution pass through the semipermeable membrane to the solvent side. This process is called reverse osmosis.
OR
In an upward direction, osmosis helps in the transportation of water in a plant.
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following:
(i) Pyrimidines: These are three bases derived from pyrimidines. These are cytosine (C), thymine (T) and uracil (U).In
DNA, T is present but in RNA, U is present.
Purines: There are two bases derived from purine. These are adenine (A) and guanine (G).
In DNA, Purines present are Adenine (A) and Guanine (G) and Pyrimidines present are Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T)
while in RNA, Purines are the same while Pyrimidines present in RNA includes Cytosine (C) and Uracil (U).
(ii) DNA ⟶ Deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA ⟶ Ribonucleic acid
(iii)B6 / Pyridoxine
(iv)Vitamin B12 can be stored in our body.

(v) i. Nucleoside: It is formed when pentose sugar combines with nitrogen base.
Nucleotide: When nucleoside bonds with phosphate group.
ii. α -helix has intramolecular hydrogen bonding while β -pleated has intermolecular hydrogen bonding / α -helix results
due to regular coiling of polypeptide chains while in α -pleated all polypeptide chains are stretched and arranged side
by side.
(vi)Nucleic acids are polymers of Nucleotides.
Because the H-bonds are formed between specific pairs of bases/pairing between A & T and between C & G.
(vii)Enzyme oxidoreductase, the ending of name of an enzyme is -ase.
32. i. Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride
ii. Pentaamminechloridocobalt(III) chloride
iii. Potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)
iv. Potassium trioxalatoferrate(III)
v. Potassium tetrachloridopalladate(II)
vi. Diamminechlorido(methylamine)platinum(II) chloride
OR
a. The IUPAC name of Tetrahydroxozincate(II) is [Zn(OH) 4
]
2−

b. The IUPAC name of Potassium tetrachloridopalladate(II) is K [P dC l ] 2 4

c. The IUPAC name of Diamminedichloridoplatinum(II) is [P t(N H ) C l ] 3 2 2

d. The IUPAC name of Potassium tetracyanonickelate(II) is K [N i(C N ) ]

2 4

e. The IUPAC name of Pentaamminenitrito-O-cobalt(III) is [C o (ON O) (N H ) 3 5

2+
]

f. The IUPAC name of Hexaamminecobalt(III) sulphate is [C o(N H ) ](SO ) 3 6 4 3

g. The IUPAC name of Potassium tri(oxalato)chromate(III) is K [C r(C O ) 3 2 4 3

]
4+
h. The IUPAC name of Hexaammineplatinum(IV) is [P t(N H ) ] 3 6

i. The IUPAC name ofTetrabromidocuprate(II) is [C u(Br) ] 4

2−

j. The IUPAC name of Pentaamminenitrito-N-cobalt(III) is [C o (N O ) (N H 2 3 )5 ]

2+

Page 13 of 14
33. i. a.

b.

c.

ii. The relative basic strength of C2H5NH2, (C2H5)2NH and (C2H5)3N depends upon the stabilisation of their corresponding
conjugate acids (formed as a result of accepting a proton from water by a number of factors such a; B-bonding, steric
hindrance of the alkyl groups and +I-effect of the alkyl groups. All these factors are favourable for 2o amines, therefore,
((C2H5)2NH is a stronger base than C2H5NH2 and ((C2H5)3N. Since. C2H5 group is large, it exerts some steric hindrance to
H-bond.
Therefore, stabilisation of the conjugate acid derived from (C2H5)3N is due to mainly by +I-effect which is greater than the
stabilisation of the conjugate acid derived from C2H5NH2 by H-bonding.

is more stable than

Thus, (C2H5)3N is more basic than C2H5NH2. Hence, the overall basic strength of the three amines increases in the order:
C2H5NH2 < (C2H5)3N < (C2H5)2NH.

OR
Sn/HCl

i. C6H5-NO2 −−−−→ C6H5.NH2 (Aniline)

ii.

Br2 /KOH

iii. CH3CONH2 −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−→ CH3NH2+ K2CO3 + 2KBr + 2H2O

Hof mann bromamide degradation

Page 14 of 14
 Class XII Session 2024-25
Subject - Chemistry
Sample Question Paper - 3

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions carefully.

1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.

2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.

3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.

4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.

5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.

6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.

7. All questions are compulsory.

8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. The IUPAC name of the compound shown below is: [1]

a) 6-bromo-2-chlorocyclohexene b) 3-bromo-1-chlorocyclohexene

c) 2-bromo-6-chlorocyclohex-1-ene d) 1-bromo-3-chlorocyclohexene
2. Cheilosis is caused by deficiency of [1]

a) Vitamin B6 b) Vitamin B2

c) Vitamin C d) Vitamin B12

CH

|
3
[1]
3. The correct IUPAC name of C H 3 − C − C H2 C H3 is
|
OH

a) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol b) 3-Methylbutan-3-ol

c) 2,2-Dimethylpropanol d) tert-butyl alcohol

[1]
4.

Page 1 of 14
 The structure of A and type of isomerism in the above reaction are respectively.

a) Prop-2-en-2-ol, geometrical isomerism b) Prop–1–en–2–ol, metamerism

c) Prop-1-en-2-ol, tautomerism d) Prop-1-en-1-ol, tautomerism

5. For the reaction A + 3B → 2C + 2D, the concentration of A changes from 0.150 M to 0.0135 M in 1 min. The [1]
rate of formation of C in mol/L/s is:

a) 5 × 105 b) 3 × 10-5

c) 5 × 10-5 d) 2.5 × 10-5

6. Match the items of column I with appropriate entries of column II. [1]

Column I Column II

(a) Kb (i) Elevation in boiling point

(b) Kf (ii) Van't Hoff factor

(c) i (iii) Cryoscopic constant

(d) △T b (iv) Ebullioscopic constant

a) (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv) b) (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)

c) (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii) d) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
7. Ethylidene chloride is a/an ________. [1]

a) vic-dihalide b) vinylic halide

c) gem-dihalide d) allylic halide

8. Haemoglobin and chlorophyll contain: [1]

a) Fe and Mg b) Fe and Mn

c) Fe and Co d) Mg and Fe

9. For the reaction 3A → 2B, rate of reaction −

d[A]
is equal to [1]
dt

a) +1 d[B]
b) +2 d[B]

3 dt 3 dt

c) +1 d[B]
d) +3 d[B]

2 dt 2 dt

10. Which of the following reagents would one choose to transform CH3COCl into acetone? [1]

a) CH3MgBr b) (CH3)2Cd

c) (CH3O)2Mg d) CH3Cl

11. Lucas reagent is? [1]

a) anhydrous PdCl2 and conc.HCl. b) anhydrous AlCl3 and conc.HCl.

c) anhydrous CaC2 and conc. HCl. d) anhydrous ZnCl2 and conc. HCl.

12. Amide which gives propanamine by Hoffmann bromamide is: [1]

a) Pentanamide b) Hexanamide

c) Butanamine d) Propanamine

Page 2 of 14
13. Assertion (A): Vitamin C cannot be stored in our body. [1]
Reason (R): Vitamin C is fat soluble and is excreted from the body in urine.

a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of but Reason (R) is not the correct
the Assertion (A). explanation of the Assertion (A).

c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is
false. true.
14. Assertion (A): Oximes are less acidic than hydroxyl amine. [1]
Reason (R): Oximes of aldehydes and ketones show geometrical isomerism.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

15. Assertion (A): Alkylbenzene is not prepared by Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene. [1]
Reason (R): Alkyl halides are less reactive than acyl halides.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

16. Assertion (A): (CH3)3C-O-CH3 gives (CH3)3C-I and CH3OH on treatment with HI. [1]

Reason (R): The reaction occurs by SN1 mechanism.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
17. Write the formula of the following complexes: [2]
i. Hexaammine platinum (IV) chloride.
ii. Dichloro tetrammine cobalt (III) ion.
18. Give reasons for the following: [2]
a. The only oxidation state shown by Scandium is +3.
b. [Ti(H2O)6]4+ is colourless.

c. MnO is basic while Mn2O7 is acidic.

19. Answer the following: [2]

(a) The rate of a reaction is given by rate = k [N2O5]. In this equation what does k stand for? [1]
(b) Is it possible to determine or predict the rate law theoretically by merely looking at the equation? [1]

20. If the density of some lake water is 1.25 g mL-1 and contains 92 g of Na+ ions per kg of water, calculate the [2]

molarity of Na+ ions in the lake.

OR
a. Differentiate between Ideal solution and Non-ideal solution.

Page 3 of 14
 b. 30 g of urea is dissolved in 846 g of water. Calculate the vapour pressure of water for this solution if vapour
pressure of pure water at 298 K is 23.8 mm Hg.
21. Convert Toluene to m-Nitrobenzoic acid. [2]
Section C
22. Write the chemistry of recharging the lead storage battery, highlighting all the materials that are involved during [3]
recharging.
23. The first order rate constant for the decomposition of ethyl iodide by the reaction [3]
C2H5I(g) → C2H4(g) + HI(g)

at 600 K is 1.60 × 10-2 s-1. Its energy of activation is 209 kJ/mol. Calculate the rate constant of the reaction at
700 K.
24. Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol. [3]
OR
Give the major products that are formed by heating each of the following ethers with HI.
C H3

i. C H 3 − C H2 − C H − C H2 − O − C H2 − C H3

C H3

ii. C H 3 − C H2 − C H2 − O − C − C H2 − C H3
|

C H3

iii.

25. An organic compound A, which has a characteristic odour, on treatment with con.NaOH forms two compounds [3]
B and C. Compound B has molecular formula C7H8O which on oxidation gives back A. Compound C is the
sodium salt of an acid. C, when heated with soda lime yields an aromatic hydrocarbon D. Deduce the structures
of A, B, C and D.
26. How much copper is deposited on the cathode of an electrolytic cell if a current of 5 ampere is passed through a [3]
solution of copper sulphate for 45 minutes?
27. How the following conversions can be carried out? [3]
i. 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane
ii. Chloroethane to butane
iii. Benzene to diphenyl
28. Silver is deposited on a metallic vessel by passing a current of 0.2 amps. for 3 hrs. Calculate the weight of silver [3]
deposited. (At mass of silver = 108 amu,1 F = 96500 C)?
Section D
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The f-block consists of elements in which 4f and 5f orbitals are progressively filled. They are placed in a
separate panel at the bottom of the periodic table. The names transition metals and inner transition metals are
often used to refer to the elements of d-and f-blocks respectively. The d–block occupies the large middle section
of the periodic table flanked between s and p blocks in the periodic table. In general, the electronic configuration

of the outer orbitals of these elements is (n - 1)d1-10ns1-2. The electronic configurations of outer orbitals of Zn,
Cd, Hg and Cn are represented by the general formula (n - 1)d10ns2. The transition metals and their compounds
also exhibit catalytic property and paramagnetic behaviour. Transition metal also forms an alloy. An alloy is a

Page 4 of 14
 blend of metals prepared by mixing the components. Alloys may be homogeneous solid solutions in which the
atoms of one metal are distributed randomly among the atoms of the other.
i. Transition metals form alloys. Justify? (1)
ii. Why do transition elements exhibit higher enthalpies of atomization? (1)
iii. Transition metals and many of their compounds show paramagnetic behaviour. Give reason. (2)
OR
Transition metals and their many compounds act as good catalyst. Give reason. (2)
30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The solutions which boil at a constant temperature like a pure liquid and possess the same composition in liquid,
as well as vapour state are called azeotropes. The components of azeotropes cannot be separated by fractional
distillation. Only non-ideal solutions form azeotropes. Solutions with negative deviation form maximum boiling
azeotrope and the solutions with positive deviation form minimum boiling azeotrope. The boiling point of
azeotrope is never equal to the boiling points of any of the components of the azeotrope.
i. The azeotropic solutions of two miscible liquids show what type of deviation from Raoult's law? (1)
ii. The azeotropic mixture of water & HCI boils at 108.5 ∘
C . What type of deviation is shown by the solution?
Does this solution behave as ideal or non-ideal? (1)
iii. Do ideal solutions form azeotropes? (2)
OR
Out of pure liquid and azeotrope showing positive deviation, Which one has a higher boiling point? (2)
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following: [5]
(a) Aldopentoses named ribose and 2-deoxyribose are found in nucleic acids. What is their relative [1]
configuration?
(b) What are the three components of nucleic acids? [1]
(c) Name the sugar present in milk. How many monosaccharide units are present in it? What are such [1]
oligosaccharides called?
(d) Is nucleotide and nucleoside the same? What are their roles? [1]
(e) Why cannot vitamin C be stored in our body? [1]
(f) During curdling of milk, what happens to sugar present in it? [1]
(g) Account for the following: [1]
a. There are 5 -OH groups in glucose.
b. Glucose is a reducing sugar
32. List various types of isomerism possible for coordination compounds, giving an example of each. [5]
OR
Explain with two examples each of the following: Coordination entity, ligand coordination number, coordination
polyhedron, homoleptic and heteroleptic.
33. An organic compound A with molecular formula C7H7NO reacts with Br2/aq. KOH to give compound B, which [5]

upon reaction with NaNO2 and HCl at 0oC gives C. Compound C on heating with CH3CH2OH gives a

hydrocarbon D. Compound B on further reaction with Br2 water gives white precipitate of compound E. Identify

the compound A, B, C, D and E; also justify your answer by giving relevant chemical equations.
OR

Page 5 of 14
i. Write one chemical reaction for each
a. Carbylamine reaction
b. Acetylation reaction
ii. Write structure of N,N-ethylmethylethanamide

Page 6 of 14
 Solution

Section A
1.
(b) 3-bromo-1-chlorocyclohexene

Explanation:

IUPAC name: 3-bromo 1-chlorocyclohexene

2.
(b) Vitamin B2
Explanation: Deficiency of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) results in Cheilosis (fissuring at corners of mouth and lips).

3. (a) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol
CH
3

Explanation: The correct IUPAC name of C H 3 − C − C H2 C H3 is 2-Methylbutan-2-ol

|
OH

4.
(c) Prop-1-en-2-ol, tautomerism
40%H2 S O4 Isomerisation

Explanation: C H 3 − C ≡ CH −−−−−−→ C H3 − C = C H2 −−−−−−−−→ C H3 − C − C H3

| ||
1%HgSO4
OH O

Pr op−1−en−2−ol Acetone
(A)

Prop-1-en-2-ol (A) acetone are tautomers.

5.
(c) 5 × 10-5
d[A] d[B] d[C] d[D]
Explanation: rate = − dt
= −
1

3 dt
= +
1

2 dt
= +
1

2 dt

d[A] 1 d[C]
⇒ = −
dt 2 dt

d[C] d[A] 2×(0.0135−0.0150)

−5 −1 −1
⇒ = 2 = − = 5 × 10 mol L s
dt dt 1×60

rate = 5 × 10-5 mol L-1 s-1

6.
(d) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
Explanation: (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
7.
(c) gem-dihalide
Explanation: Gem-dihalides are dihaloalkanes that have two halogen atoms of the same type attached to the same carbon atom
in a molecule. The common naming system of gem-dihalides (geminal halide) is alkylidene dihalides. Ethylidene dichloride
thus is a gem-dihalide. The chemical formula of ethylidene dichloride is C​3​H6Cl​2.

8. (a) Fe and Mg
Explanation: Haemoglobin contains Fe and Chlorophyll contains Mg.
9.
+3 d[B]
(d) 2 dt

+3 d[B]
Explanation: 2 dt

Page 7 of 14
10.
(b) (CH3)2Cd
Explanation: (CH3)2Cd

11.
(d) anhydrous ZnCl2 and conc. HCl.
Explanation: "Lucas' reagent" is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid.
12.
(c) Butanamine
Explanation: In the Hoffmann bromamide reaction, the amine formed has one carbon less than that present in the amide.
RCONH2 + Br2 + 4NaOH → RNH2 + Na2CO3 + 2NaBr + 2H2O

13.
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation: In a tetrapeptide, there are four amino acids connected by three peptide bonds
14.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Oximes are more acidic because, there is a delocalisation of π electrons (i.e. resonance) and it stabilises it and its
conjugate acid. But no such resonance exists in hydroxyl amine base (NH2O-).

15.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Alkyl halides give polyalkylation products.
16. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: (CH3)3C-O-CH3 gives (CH3)3C-I and CH3OH on treatment with HI. The reaction occurs by SN1 mechanism.

Section B
17. 1. [Pt(NH3)6]Cl4

2. [CoCl2(NH3)4]+

18. a. At + 3 oxidation state, Stable do is obtained

b. Absence of unpaired electron / no d-d transition occurs
c. MnO has Mn in +2 Oxidation State
Mn2O7 has Mn in +7 Oxidation State. Higher the Oxidation State, Higher is the acidic character.
19. Answer the following:
(i) 'k' stands for rate constant of a reaction.
(ii) The rate law is experimentally determined. It cannot be predicted by merely looking at the balanced chemical equation.
20. Molar mass of N a = 23 g mol −1

92g
No. of moles of N a +
=
−1
= 4mole
23gmol

Mass
Density =
Volume
Mass 1000
V = = ( g)
density 1.25

V = 800ml
Number of moles
Molarity = × 1000
Volume (ml)

4×1000
Molarity = = 5 moles
800

Page 8 of 14
 OR

a. Ideal Solution Non-ideal solution

The solution obeys Raoult’s law at all concentrations. The solution does not obey Raoult’s law.

ΔV mixing = 0 and ΔH mixing =0 ΔVmixing ≠ 0 and ΔH mixing ≠ 0

W
B
0
P −P M
A
b. A

P
o
=
W
B

W
o B A
A +
M M
B A

30 30
P P
or 1 −
A 60 A 60
1 − = =
23⋅8 846 23⋅8 846 30
+
18 18 60

46.5 47
PA = 47
× 23.8 = 23.5 mm Hg or vapour pressure of the solution PA = 47.5
× 23.8 = 23.5 mm Hg

21.

Section C
22. A lead storage battery consists of a lead anode, a grid of lead packed with lead dioxide (PbO2) as cathode and a 38% solution of
sulphuric acid (H2SO4) as an electrolyte.

When the battery is in use, the following cell reactions take place:
At anode: P b(s) + SO (aq) → P bSO (s) + 2e 2−

4 4
−

At cathode: P bSO (s) + SO (aq) + 4H (aq) + 2e → P bSO

4
2−

4
+ −
4 (s) + 2H2 O(l)

The overall cell reaction is given by,

Pb(s) + PbO2(s)+2H2SO4(aq) → 2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l)
When battery is charging, the reverse of all these reactions takes place.
Hence, on charging, PbSO4(s) present at the anode and cathode is converted into Pb and PbO2, respectively. Sulphuric acid
(H2SO4) reconstitute in the reaction. The reaction may written as:
charging

2P bO2 (s) + 2H2 O(l) −−−−−→ P b(s) + P bO2 (s) + 2H2 SO4

23. Here T 1 = 600K

T2 = 700K

Ea = 209K J /mol

−1
= 209000J mol

−5 −1
k1 = 1.60 × 10 s

k2 =?

Using the formula

k2 Ea T2 − T1
log = [ ]
k1 2.303R T1 T2

Ea 700−600
log k2 − log k1 = [ ]
2.303R 600×700

−5 209000 100
log k2 − log 1.60 × 10 = [ ]
2.303×8.314 600×700

−5
log k2 = log 1.60 × 10 + 2.599

log k2 = −4.796 + 2.599

Page 9 of 14
 = - 2.197
k = anti log (-2.197)
2

−3 −1
= 6.36 × 10 s

24. The mechanism of hydration of ethene to form ethanol involves three steps.
Step 1:
Protonation of ethene to form carbocation by electrophilic attack of H3O+:

Step 2:
Nucleophilic attack of water on carbocation:

Step 3:
Deprotonation to form ethanol:

OR
CH3 CH3

| |

i. C H3 − C H2 − C H − C H2 − O − C H2 − C H3 + HI → C H3 C H2 C H C H2 OH + C H3 C H2 I

CH3 CH3

| |

ii. C H3 − C H2 − C H2 − O − C − C H2 − C H3 + HI → C H3 C H2 C H2 OH + C H3 C H2 − C − I
| |

CH3 CH3

iii.

25. This is Cannizzaro Reaction

The molecular formula of (B) and characteristic odour of (A) suggests that (A) is an aromatic aldehyde, C6H5CHO and (B) is
alcohol, C6H5CH2OH. As (C) is a sodium salt of an acid & gives hydrocarbon (D) on heating with soda lime, (C) is sodium
benzoate and (D) is benzene. In this reaction, Benzaldehyde undergoes self oxidation and reduction(disproportionation).
Therefore:-

Page 10 of 14
 Reaction are:-

26. We know that

[Cu = 63.5g mol-1, 1F = 96500C mol-1]
2+ −
Cu (aq) + 2e → C u(s)

m = Z × I × t
63.5
= × 5amp × 45 × 60
2×96500
857250
= = 4.44g
193000

27. Following conversion is carried out:

i. 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane
KOH(alc),Δ HBr/P eroxide

C H3 − C H − C H3 −−−−−−−−−−−−−→ C H3 C H = C H2 −−−−−−−−−→ C H3 C H2 C H2 Br
| 1−Bronopropane
Dehydroha log enation P eroxide ef f ect
Br

2−Bromoprpane

ii. Chloroethane to butane

Dry ether

2C H3 C H2 − C l + 2N a −−−−−−−−−→ C H3 C H2 − C H2 C H3 + 2N aC l
Chloroethane W urtz reaction Bu tan e

iii. Benzene to diphenyl

28. By Faraday's first law of electrolysis.

w = ZIt.
Substituting I = 0.2 A, t = 3×60×60 sec, Z= 108/(1×96500)
⇒ w = 2.417 g.

2.417 g of silver is deposited.

Section D
29. i. The transition metals are quite similar in size and, therefore, the atoms of one metal can substitute the atoms of other metal in
its crystal lattice. Thus, on cooling a mixture solution of two or more transition metals, solid alloys are formed.
ii. The high enthalpies of atomization are due to a large number of unpaired electrons in their atoms. Therefore, they have
stronger interatomic interactions and hence, stronger bonding between atoms.
iii. Transition elements and many of their compounds are paramagnetic, i.e., they are weakly attracted by a magnetic field. This is
due to the presence of unpaired electrons in atoms, ions or molecules. The paramagnetic character increases as the number of
unpaired electrons increases.
OR
a. The ability of transition metal ion to pass easily from one oxidation state to another and thus providing a new path to
reaction with lower activation energy.
b. The surface of transition metal acts as very good adsorbent and thus provides increased concentration of reactants on their
surface causing the reaction to occur.
30. i. The azeotropic solutions of two miscible liquids may show positive or negative deviation from Raoult's law.
ii. The solution is a non-ideal solution and shows a negative deviation from Raoult's law.
iii. No, ideal solutions don't form azeotropes. Only the non-ideal solution form azeotrope.
OR
The boiling point of a pure liquid is higher as compared to azeotrope showing positive deviation.

Page 11 of 14
 Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following:
(i) Both the aldopentoses(ribose and 2-deoxyribose) have D-configuration.
(ii) The three components of nucleic acid are base, sugar and phosphate group..
(iii)Lactose is present in milk as sugar. Two monosaccharide units (i.e., glucose and galactose) are present in it. Such
oligosaccharides are called disaccharides.
(iv)The main difference between nucleotide and nucleoside lies in their chemical composition. Nucleotide consists of
phosphate group, a sugar and a nitrogenous base. Nucleoside consists of sugar and a base without the phosphate group.
Nucleotides are the major causes of cancer and nucleosides are same as nucleotides only with the addition of phosphate
groups.
(v) Vitamin C cannot be stored in our body because it is water soluble. As a result, it is readily excreted in the urine.
(vi)The milk sugar lactose is converted into lactic acid by the bacteria during curdling of milk.
(vii) a. Acetylation of glucose with acetic anhydride gives glucose pentaacetate which confirms the presence of five -OH
groups. Since, it exists as a stable compound, five -OH groups should be attached to different carbon atoms.

b. Glucose reduces Fehling's reagent. Thus, it is considered as reducing sugar.

32.

i. Geometric isomerism: This type of isomerism is common in heteroleptic complexes. It arises due to the different possible
geometric arrangements of the ligands. For example:

ii. Optical isomerism: This type of isomerism arises in chiral molecules. Isomers are mirror images of each other and are non-
superimposable.

iii. Linkage isomerism: This type of isomerism is found in complexes that contain ambidentate ligands. For example: [Co(NH3)5
(NO2)] Cl2 and [Co(NH3)5 (ONO)Cl2
Yellow form Red form
iv. Coordination isomerism:
This type of isomerism arises when the ligands are interchanged between cationic and anionic entities of different metal ions

Page 12 of 14
 present in the complex.
[Co(NH3)5ONO]2+ and [Co(NH3)5NO2]2+
v. Ionization isomerism:
This type of isomerism arises when a counter ion replaces a ligand within the coordination sphere. Thus, complexes that have
the same composition, but furnish different ions when dissolved in water are called ionization isomers. For e.g.,
Co(NH3)5SO4Br, and Co(NH3)5BrSO4
vi. Solvate isomerism:
Solvate isomers differ by whether or not the solvent molecule is directly bonded to the metal ion or merely present as a free
solvent molecule in the crystal lattice.
[Cr(H2O)6] Cl3 [Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2.H2O[Cr(H2O)5Cl2 Cl.2H2O
Violet Blue-green Dark green
OR
Coordination entity: This entity usually constitutes a central metal atom or ion, to which are attached a fixed number of other
atoms or ions or groups by coordinate bonds. Examples are [Ni(CO)4], [COCl3(NH3)3], etc.
Ligands: It is an ion having at least one lone pair of electrons and capable of forming a coordinate bond with central atom / ion in
the coordination entity.
Examples are : Cl-, (OH)-, (CN)-etc.
Coordinate number: The total number of coordinate bonds with which central atom/ ion is linked to ligands in the coordination
entity is called coordination number of central atom / ion.
Coordination polyhedron : The spatial arrangement of the ligands which are directly attached to the central atom / ion defines a
coordination polyhedron about the central atom.
Examples are: [Co(NH3)6]3+is octahedral,
[Ni(CO)4]is tetrahedral.
Homoleptic and hedroleptic: Complexes in which a metal is bound to only one kind of donor groups are known as homoleptic.
Example [CO(NH3)6]3+

Complex in which a metal is bound to more than one kind of donor groups are called hetroleptic. Example : [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+

33.

OR
i. Carbylamine reaction: Aliphatic or aromatic primary amines on heating with chloroform and ethanolic potassium hydroxide
form isocyanides or carbylamine which are foul smelling substances. This reaction is known as carbylamine reaction.
Δ
C6 H5 NH 2
+ CHCl3 + 3KOH −
→ C6H5NC + 3KCl + 3H2O
Aniline

This reaction is used as a test for primary aliphatic and aromatic amine.

Page 13 of 14
ii. Acetylation:

iii. The structure of N,N-ethylmethylethanamide is:

. .

C2 H5 − N − C − C H3
| ||

CH3 O

Page 14 of 14
 Class XII Session 2024-25
Subject - Chemistry
Sample Question Paper - 4

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions carefully.

1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.

2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.

3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.

4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.

5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.

6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.

7. All questions are compulsory.

8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. Chloromethane on treatment with excess of ammonia yields mainly [1]

a) Methanamine (CH3NH2) b) Mixture containing all these in equal

proportion

c) N–methylmethanamine (CH3—NH—CH3) d) N, N-Dimethylmethanamine

2. Which of the following is a disaccharide? [1]

a) Glucose b) Cellulose

c) Lactose d) Starch
3. In the reaction [1]

a) Phenols are acidic in nature. b) They can donate a proton to a stronger base

c) Cleavage of O - H bond d) All of these

4. The fragrance of the aldehyde and ketone are used for perfume and similar uses depend on: [1]

a) on its reactivity with other functional b) size and solubility of the aldehyde and
groups. ketone molecule.

Page 1 of 14
 c) only solubility of aldehydes and ketones. d) moisture of the air.
5. Value of Henry’s constant KH: [1]

a) increases with decrease in temperature. b) remains constant.

c) increases with increase in temperature. d) decreases with increase in temperature.

6. Match the item given in Column I with expression given in Column II. [1]

Column I Column II

(a) Osmotic Pressure (i) p = KH . χB

(ii)
△P
(b) Relative lowering of vapour pressure P
o
= χB
A

(c) Henry Law (iii) △T b = Kb . m

(d) Elevation in boiling point (iv) p = iCRT

a) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i). b) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i).

c) (a) - (iii), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iv). d) (a) - (iv), (b) - (ii), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii).
7. Isomers of the compound C4H9Br are: [1]

a) 1-Bromo-2-methylbutane and 2-Bromo-2- b) 1 – Bromobutane and 2 – Bromobutane

methylbutane

c) 1 – Bromobutane, 2 – Bromobutane, 1 – d) 1 – Bromo - 2 – methylpropane and 2 –

bromo- 2 – methylpropane, and 2 – bromo-2 Bromo - 2 – methylpropane
– methylpropane
8. Which one among the following metals of 3d series has the lowest melting point? [1]

a) Cu b) Fe

c) Zn d) Mn
9. The half-life of a reaction is halved as the initial concentration of the reactant is doubled. The order of the [1]
reaction is:

a) 1 b) 0

c) 2 d) 3
10. Which of the following does not give silver mirror test? [1]

a) CH3CH2CHO b) HCOOH

c) CH3CHO d) CH3COCH3

11. When diethyl ether is heated with excess of HI, it produces : [1]

a) ethyl iodide b) ethanol

c) methyl iodide d) iodoform

12. Gabriel synthesis is used for the preparation of: [1]

a) Quaternary salt b) Primary amines

c) Tertiary amine d) Secondary amine

Page 2 of 14
13. Assertion (A): Glucose and fructose are reducing sugars. [1]
Reason (R): Glucose and fructose contain a free aldehydic and ketonic group adjacent to a >CHOH group
respectively.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

14. Assertion (A): Rate of addition of HCN on carbonyl compounds increases in presence of NaCN. [1]

Reason (R): Reaction involves the addition of Cn- in rate determining step.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

15. Assertion (A): Isopropyl chloride is less reactive than CH3Br in SN2 reactions. [1]
Reason (R): SN2 reactions are always accompanied by inversion of configuration.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

16. Assertion (A): Aqueous solution of phenol is called as carbonic acid. [1]
Reason (R): Increasing order of acidity of phenols is m nitrophenol >o-nitrophenol >p-nitrophenol.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) Both A and R are false.

Section B
17. Write the formulae for the following coordination compounds: [2]
i. Potassium tetrahydroxo sincate (II)
ii. Potassium trioxalatoaluminate (III)
iii. Dichloridobis cobalt III (ethane - 1, 2 diamine)

18. Why are Fe2+ compounds easily oxidises to Fe3+ as compared to Mn+2 compounds. [2]

19. Answer the following: [2]

(a) a. Write the mathematical relation between rate constant and half-life of a first order reaction. [1]
b. What is collision frequency?
(b) If the rate equation is given below: [1]

Rate = k[A]2[B]
then what will be the unit of its rate and rate constant?
20. Calculate the temperature at which the solution containing 54 g of glucose, C 6 H12 O6 in 250 g of water will [2]
freeze. (K for water = 1.86 K
b kg mol
−1
)
OR
Define the terms Mass percentage.
21. An organic compound 'A' (molecular formula C 3 H6 O ) is resistant to oxidation but forms a compound 'B' ( [2]

Page 3 of 14
 C3 H8 O ) on reduction. 'B' reacts with HBr to form a bromide'C' which on treatment with alcoholic KOH forms
an alkene 'D' (C 3 H6 ). Deduce the structures of A, B, C and D.
Section C
22. What are fuel cells? Explain the electrode reactions involved in the working of H2 - O2 fuel cell. [3]

23. In a reaction between A and B, the initial rate of reaction was measured for different initial concentrations of A [3]
and B as given below:

A/mol L
−1
0.20 0.20 0.40

B/mol L
−1
0.30 0.10 0.05
−1 −1 −5 −5 −4
r0 /mol L s 5.07 × 10 5.07 × 10 1.43 × 10

What is the order of the reaction with respect to A and B?

24. i. Write the mechanism of the following reaction: [3]
+
H

2CH3CH2OH −−−→ CH3CH2OCH2CH3 + H2O

413K

ii. Write the preparation of phenol from cumene.

OR
Write the reactions and conditions for the following conversions:
i. 2-Propanone into 2-methyl-2-Proponal
ii. n-Propyl alcohol into hexane
25. How would you bring about the following conversions? [3]
i. Propanal to butanone
ii. Benzaldehyde to benzophenone
iii. Benzoyl chloride to benzonitrile
26. Calculate the emf of the following cell: [3]

Mg(s)|Mg2+(0.2M) || Ag+(1 × 10-3M) | Ag(s)

E0(Ag+/Ag) = 0.80V

​E0(Mg2+/Mg) = - 2.37V
27. Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions: [3]

i.

ii.

iii.

28. State Kohlrausch's law of independent migration of ions. How can the degree of dissociation of acetic acid in a [3]
solution be calculated from its molar conductivity data?
Section D
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Observe the graph of transition metal and their melting points

Page 4 of 14
 i. Why does W (tungsten) has highest melting point? (1)
ii. Which element in 3d series has lowest enthalpy of atomisation and why? (1)
iii. Why is mercury liquid? (2)
OR
Why are transition metals less electropositive than ‘s’-block elements? (2)
30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
A raw mango placed in concentrated salt solution loses water via osmosis and shrivel into pickle. Wilted flowers
revive when placed in fresh water. A carrot that has become limp because of water loss into the atmosphere can
be placed into the water making it firm once again. Water will move into its cells through osmosis. When placed
in water containing less than 0.9% (mass/volume) salt, blood cells swell due to flow of water in them by
osmosis.
i. People taking a lot of salt or salty food suffer from puffiness or edema. What is the reason behind this?
ii. The preservation of meat by salting and of fruits by adding sugar protects against bacterial action. How?
iii. Why the direction of osmosis gets reversed if a pressure larger than the osmotic pressure is applied to the
solution side? Write its one application.
OR
What care is generally taken during intravenous injections and why?
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following: [5]
(a) Define native state in reference to proteins. [1]
(b) Define the following terms: [1]
a. Polysaccharides
b. Nucleotides
(c) Deficiency of which vitamin causes scurvy? [1]
(d) What happens when D-glucose is treated with the following? Give equations to support your answer. [1]
a. HI
b. HNO3

(e) Name the disaccharide which on hydrolysis gives glucose and galactose. [1]
(f) Write the products obtained after hydrolysis of lactose. [1]
(g) Give the reaction of glucose with hydrogen cyanide. Presence of which group is confirmed by this [1]
reaction?
32. Draw all the isomers of: (geometrical and optical) [5]

Page 5 of 14
 i. [CoCl2(en)2]+

ii. [Co(NH3)Cl(en)2]2+

iii. [Co(NH3)2Cl2(en)]+

OR
Using crystal field theory, draw energy level diagram, write the electronic configuration of the central metal atom/ion
and determine the magnetic moment value in the following:

i. [CoF6]3-, [Co(H2O)6]2+, [Co(CN)6]3-

ii. [FeF6]3-, [Fe(H2O)6]2+, [Fe(CN)6]4-

33. a. Give plausible explanation for each of the following: [5]

i. Why are amines less acidic than alcohols of comparable molecular masses?
ii. Why are primary amines highest boiling than tertiary amines?
iii. Why are aliphatic amines stronger bases than aromatic amines?
b. Complete the following reactions:
i. C6H5N2Cl + C2H5OH →
ii. C6H5NH2 + (CH3CO)2O →

OR
Write the structure of A, B, C, D and E in the following reactions:

Page 6 of 14
 Solution
Section A
1. (a) Methanamine (CH3NH2)
Explanation: CH3Cl + NH3 → CH3NH2 + HCl
Ammonia molecule is a nucleophile in nature as it has unpaired electrons. This nucleophile attacks the chloromethane CH3Cl
molecule and forms methylamine or methenamine by a nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism. The carbon atom is
partially positive in the molecule, due to the electronegativity of the halide attached which is partially negative. The electron-
rich nucleophile attacks the positive ion, causing the halide ion to be separated from the molecule.
2.
(c) Lactose
Explanation: Lactose
3.
(d) All of these
Explanation: Phenol reacts with sodium hydroxide solution to give a colourless solution containing sodium phenoxide. In this
reaction, the hydrogen ion has been removed by the strongly basic hydroxide ion in the sodium hydroxide solution.
4.
(b) size and solubility of the aldehyde and ketone molecule.
Explanation: Size and solubility of aldehyde and ketone determine fragrance. For example, aldehyde C-10 is used in floral
blends like rose, jasmine, etc. While aldehyde C-11 has a strong citrus smell and aldehyde C-16 has a strong strawberry smell.
5.
(c) increases with increase in temperature.
Explanation: Value of henry constant increases with increase in temperature.
6.
(d) (a) - (iv), (b) - (ii), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii).
Explanation: (a) - (iv), (b) - (ii), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii).
7.
(c) 1 – Bromobutane, 2 – Bromobutane, 1 – bromo- 2 – methylpropane, and 2 – bromo-2 – methylpropane
Explanation: Isomers are compounds having the same molecular formula but different structures. In the given straight-chain
4-C compounds, Br is placed at different positions but the molecular formula is same.
C H3 C H2 C H(Br)C H3 , C H3 C H2 C H2 C H2 Br
2−Bromobu tan e 1−Bromobu tan e

In the given branched 4-C compounds, there is a branching of -CH3 at carbon 2 but Br is placed at positions 1 and 2
respectively.
C H3 C H(C H3 )C H2 Br , C H3 C (Br)(C H3 )C H3
1−Bromo−2−methylpropane 2−Bromo−2−methylpropane

So, all of these are isomers since they have the same molecular formula but different structures.
8.
(c) Zn
Explanation: Zn metal of 3d series has the lowest melting point.
9.
(c) 2
Explanation: For 2nd order reaction, the half-life is inversely related to the concentration of the reactant.
t1/2 for second order reaction α 1

[R]

10.
(d) CH3COCH3

Page 7 of 14
 Explanation: CH3COCH3 will not give a silver mirror test (Tollens Test). Tollens test is given by aldehydes only and HCOOH
is the only acid that gives tollen's test. Ketones do not give tollen's test.
11. (a) ethyl iodide
Explanation: ethyl iodide
12.
(b) Primary amines
Explanation: In Gabriel Phthalimide reaction, the sodium or potassium salt of phthalimide is N-alkylated with a primary alkyl
halide to give the corresponding N-alkylphthalimideis for producing primary amines. This is because of the reaction of sodium
or potassium salt of phthalimide with alkyl halide impure SN2 reaction.

13. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Reducing sugars contain a free aldehydic or ketonic groupadjacent to a group and reduce Tollen's
reagent, Schiff's reagent or Benedict's solution.
14. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The addition of HCN to carbonyl compounds involves the addition of CN- in rate determining step which are
supplied easily by NaCN and thus addition becomes fast.
15.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: As the size of the alkyl groups increases, the SN2 reactivity decreases, further C - Cl bond is stronger and more
difficult to cleave than C - Br bond. So CH3Br is more reactive than (CH3)2CHCl.

16.
(d) Both A and R are false.
Explanation:
Aqueous solution of phenol is called carbolic acid. Electron withdrawing groups such as -NO2, -CN, -X- increase the acidity.
The increase is more at o - and p - positions than at m-position.
i.e. p-nitrophenol >o-nitrophenol >m-nitrophenol.
Section B
17. i. K2[Zn(OH)4]
ii. K3[Al(C2O4)3]

iii. [CoCl2(en)2]+

18. Mn2+ compounds are less readily converted to its +3 oxidation state (Mn3+ ) as compared to Fe2+ because Mn2+ (3d5) is more
stable than Mn3+ (3d4) due to stable half filled d-orbital electronic configuration. Whereas Fe3+ (3d5) is more stable than Fe2+
(3d6) due to half filled d-orbitals therefore Fe2+ gets easily converted to Fe3+
19. Answer the following:
(i) a. t1/2 = 0.693

b. The number of collisions per second per unit volume of the reaction mixture.
(ii) Unit of rate = mol L-1s-1
Unit of rate
Unit of rate constant (k) = 2
Unit of [ A ]× Unit of [B]

−1 −1
molL s
=
2
−1 −1
(molL ) (molL )

−2 2 −1
= mol L s

20. Molecular mass of glucose

−1
MB = 72 + 12 + 96 = 180 g mo l
Kf × wB ×1000

ΔTf =
MB × wA

=
1.86×54×1000

180×250
= 2.23 K
Freezing point of solution = T0f - △T f = 273 − 2.23 = 270.77K
OR

Page 8 of 14
 Mass percentage: The mass percentage of a component in a given solution is defined as the mass of the component per 100g of
the solution.
Mass of the component in the solution
Mass % of a component = Total mass of the solution
× 100

21. Structure of A, B, C and D are deduced in the following manner.

LiAlH4

C H3 − C O − C H3 −−−−−→ C H3 C H(OH)C H3
(A) Reduction (B)

C H3 C H(OH)C H3 + HBr → C H3 C H(Br)C H3

(B) (C)

C H3 C H(Br)C H3 + K OH(alc. ) → C H3 − C H = C H2 + K Br + H2 O
(C) (D)

Section C
22. Fuel cells : Those galvanic cells in which chemical energy of combustion of fuels like hydrogen, methane, etc. is converted into
electrical energy are called fuel cells.
H2-O2 fuel cell: The cell consists of three compartments separated by a porous electrode. Hydrogen gas is introduced into one
compartment and oxygen into another compartment. These gases then diffuse slowly through the electrode and react with an
electrolyte that is in the central part of the cell. The electrodes are made of porous carbon and electrolyte is a resin containing
concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. Hydrogen is oxidized at anode and oxygen is reduced at the cathode.

The electrode reactions involved in the working of the H2-O2 fuel cell are as:
At cathode,
− −
O2 (g) + 2H2 O(l) + 4e ⟶ 4OH (aq)

At anode,
− −
2H2 (g) + 4OH (aq) ⟶ 4H2 O(l) + 4e

Overall cell reaction: 2H2(g) + O2(g) ⟶ 2H2O(l)

23. Consider the order of the reaction with respect to A is x and with respect to B is y.
Therefore, r = k[A] [B]
0
x y

5.07 × 10
−5
= k[0.20] [0.30] ..... (i)
x y

5.07 × 10
−5
= k[0.20] [0.10] ..... (ii)
x y

1.43 × 10
−4
= k[0.40] [0.05] ..... (iii)
x y

Dividing equation (i) by (ii), we obtain

x y
−5 k[0.20] [0.30]
5.07×10
= x y
−5 k[0.20] [0.10]
5.07×10
y 0 y
[0.30] 0.30 0.30
1 = y
( ) = ( )
[0.10] 0.10 0.10

y=0
Dividing equation (iii) by (ii), we obtain
x y
−4 k[0.40] [0.05]
1.43×10
= x y
−5 k[0.20] [0.30]
5.07×10
y
−4 [0.40]
1.43×10 y y
= y
[Since y = 0, [0.05] = [0.30] = 1]
−5 [0.20]
5.07×10

x
2.821 = 2
log 2.821
log 2.821 = x log 2 (T aking log on both sides)x =
log 2

= 1.496

Page 9 of 14
 = 1.5 (approximately)
Hence, the order of the reaction with respect to A is 1.5 and with respect to B is 0.
+
H

24. i. 2CH3CH2OH −−−→ CH3CH2OCH2CH3 + H2O

413K

ii. To prepare phenol, cumene is first oxidized in the presence of air of cumene hydro-peroxide.

Then, cumene hydroxide is treated with dilute acid to prepare phenol and acetone as by-products.

OR
CH3 CH3
⎡ ⎤ +
dry ether | H2 O/H |

i. C H3 − C − C H3 + C H3 M gBr −−−−−→ ⎢C H3 −
⎢
C − C H3 ⎥ −
⎥
−−−−→ C H3 − C − C H3
|| | |
addition
⎣ ⎦
2−propanone OMgBr OH

2−methyl−2−propanol

ii. n-Propyl alcohol to hexane

CH3CH2CH2OH + PCl5 ​→ CH3CH2CH2Cl + POCl3 + HCl
Dry

2C H3 C H2 C H2 C l + 2N a −−−→ C H3 C H2 C H2 C2 C H3 + 2N aC l
1−Chloropropane either n−Hexane

25. The following steps are involved in the conversions:

i. Propanal to butanone

ii. Benzaldehyde to Benzophenone

iii. Benzoyl Chloride to Benzonitrile

N H3 P2 O5

C6 H5 C OC l −−−→ C6 H5 C ON H2 −−−→ C6 H5 C ≡ N
Benzoyl chloride Heat Benzamide heat Benzonitrile

Page 10 of 14
26.

applying nernst equation

2+
[Mg ]
0 0.0591
Ecell = E − log
cell 2 2+
[Ag ]

0 + 0 2+ 0.0591 0.2
E (Ag /Ag) − E (M g /M g) − log
2 −3 2
(10 )

0.0591 5
= +0.80V − (−2.37V ) − log(2 × 10 )
2
0.0591 5
= +3.17V − [log 2 + log 10 ]
2
0.0591
= +3.17V − × 5.3010
2

= +3.17V - 0.1566V
= 3.0134 V
27. Major monohalo product are as follows:

i.

ii. + HBr

iii. + H2O

28. Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions: It states that limiting molar conductivity of an electrolyte can be represented
as the sum of the individual contributions of the anion and cation of the electrolyte. If λ N a and λ C l are limiting molar
o + o −

conductivity for sodium chloride is given by

0 o 0 −
λm (N aC l) = λ N a + λ C l

Calculation of degree of dissociation of weak electrolyte like acetic acid. The degree of dissociation α is given by:
λm
α =
0
λm

where λ m be molar conductivity and λ 0

m be the limiting molar conductivity.
Section D
29. i. It is due to presence of most number of unpaired electrons and there is more frequent metal-metal bonding in 5d series than 3d
and 4d series.
ii. Zinc has lowest enthalpy of atomisation due to weak metallic bond which is due to absence of unpaired electrons.
iii. It is due to larger size, absence of unpaired electron and weak interatomic attraction and weaker metallic bond.
OR
It is due to smaller atomic size and higher ionisation enthalpies.
30. i. People experience water retention in tissue cells and intercellular spaces due to osmosis.
ii. Through the process of osmosis, a bacterium on salted meat or candid fruit loses water, shrivels and dies.
iii. The pure solvent flows out of the solution through the semi permeable membrane due to reverse osmosis. It is used in
desalination of sea water.
OR
During intravenous injection, the concentration of the solution should be same as that of blood so that they are isotonic.
Because if the solution concentration is hypertonic than blood cell will shrink and if it is hypotonic than blood cell will
swells/burst.
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following:
(i) Native state of protein is the sequence in which the amino acids are linked together with the help of peptide bond.
(ii) a. Polysaccharides contain a large number of monosaccharide units joined together by glycosidic linkages.
b. Sugar + Phosphate + base / Nucleoside linked to a phosphate group.

Page 11 of 14
 (iii)Vitamin C
(iv) a. n-hexane is formed
CHO

| HI , △

(C H OH )4 −−−−→ C H3 − C H2 − C H2 − C H2 − C H2 − C H3
|

C H2 OH

b. Saccharic acid is formed

CHO COOH

| Oxidation |

(C H OH )4 −−−−−−→ (C HO H )4
| |

C H2 OH COOH

(v) Lactose
(vi)Hydrolysis of Lactose gives D-galactose and D-glucose.

(vii)

Confirms the presence of aldehydic/carbonyl group.

32. i. [CoCl2(en)2]+

Trans [CoCl2(en)2]+ isomer-optically inactive

(Superimposable mirror images)

Page 12 of 14
 Cis [CoCl2(en)2]+ isomer-optically active
(Non-superimposable mirror images)
In total, three isomers are possible.
ii. [Co(NH3)Cl(en)2]2+
Trans-isomers are optically inactive.
Cis-isomers are optically active.
iii. [Co(NH3)2Cl2(en)]+

OR

i.

Co2+ = 3d7
Number of unpaired electrons = 4
−− −−−− − −−−−−−−
Magnetic moment = √n(n + 2) = √4(4 + 2) = 4.9 B.M
[Co(H2O)6]2+ :

Co2+ = 3d7
Number of unpaired electrons = 3
−−−−−−−
Magnetic moment = √3(3 + 2) = 3.87 B.M
[Co(CN)6]3- :

Co3+ = 3d6
Number of unpaired electrons = 0
Diamagnetic in nature.
ii. FeF : 3−
6

Fe2+ = 3d6
[Fe(H2O)6]2+ : t42g eg2
Number of unpaired electrons = 4
−−− −−−−
Magnetic moment = √4(4 + 2) = 4.9 B.M
[Fe(CN)6]4- :

Page 13 of 14
 Fe2+ = 3d6
Diamagnetic in nature.
33. a. i. Loss of proton from amines give ion whereas loss of a proton from alcohol gives an alkoxide ion.
Since O is more electronegative than N, therefore, RO- can accommodate the -ve charge more easily than RNH-.
Consequently, RO- is more stable than RNH-. Thus, alcohols are more acidic than amines.
ii. Primary amines (RNH2) have two hydrogen atoms on the N atom and therefore, form intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
Tertiary amines (R3N) donot have hydrogen atoms on the N atom and therefore, these donot form hydrogen bonds. As a
result of hydrogen bonding in primary amines, they have higher boiling points than tertiary amines of comparable
molecular mass.
iii. Both arylamines and alkylamines are basic in nature due to the presence of lone pair on N-atom. But arylamines are less
basic than alkylamines.
Reduction

b. i. C6H5N2Cl + C2H5OH −−−−−−→ C6 H6 + C H3 C HO + N2 + HCl

Benzene Ethanal
C H3 COOH

ii. C6H5NH2 + (CH3CO)2O −−−−−−→ C 6 H5 C ON HC H3 + CH3COOH

Ace tan ilide

OR

Page 14 of 14
 Class XII Session 2024-25
Subject - Chemistry
Sample Question Paper - 5

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions carefully.

1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.

2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.

3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.

4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.

5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.

6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.

7. All questions are compulsory.

8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. The best method for the conversion of an alcohol into an alkyl chloride is by treating the alcohol with: [1]

a) SOCl2 in presence of pyridine b) PCl3

c) Dry HCl in the presence of anhydrous d) PCl5

ZnCl2

2. Fat soluble vitamins are stored in [1]

a) Eyes b) Stomach

c) Adipose and liver d) Pancreas

3. Williamson synthesis is used to obtain: [1]

a) Ether b) Primary alcohol

c) Aldehyde d) Ketone
4. A mixture of benzaldehyde and formaldehyde on heating with aqueous NaOH solution gives: [1]

a) Benzyl alcohol and methyl alcohol b) Benzyl alcohol and sodium formate

c) Sodium benzoate and methyl alcohol d) Sodium benzoate and sodium formate
5. The rate of reaction A + B → Products, is given by the equation r = k[A] [B]. If B is taken in large excess, the [1]
order of reaction would be:

a) Cannot be predicted b) 0

c) 2 d) 1

Page 1 of 14
 6. Match the items of column I with appropriate entries of column II. [1]

Column I Column II

(a) Non ideal solution with positive deviation (i) H2O (57%) + HI (43%)

(b) Maximum boiling azeotrope (ii) CHCl3 + (CH3)2CO

(c) Non ideal solution with negative deviation (iii) C2H5OH (95.4%) + H2O (4.6%)

(d) Minimum boiling azeotrope (iv) CCl4 + C6H5CH3

a) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii) b) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)

c) (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv) d) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (i), (d) - (iv)
7. Which of the following alkyl halides will undergo SN1 reaction most readily? [1]

a) (CH3)3C—I b) (CH3)3C—F

c) (CH3)3C—Br d) (CH3)3C—Cl

8. Which property of transition metals enables them to behave as catalysts? [1]

a) Alloy formation b) High melting point

c) Variable oxidation states d) High ionisation enthalpy

9. The unit of rate constant for a first order reaction is [1]

a) Mol/L b) Mol/L/s

c) Mol2/L2/s2 d) s–1

10. Which of the following does not give aldol condensation reaction? [1]

a) CH3COCH3 b)

c) CH3 - CHO d)

11. An organic compound containing oxygen, upon oxidation forms a carboxylic acid as the only organic product [1]
with its molecular mass higher by 14 units. The organic compound is ________.

a) a ketone b) a primary alcohol

c) an aldehyde d) a secondary alcohol

12. Out of the following, the strongest base in aqueous solution is [1]

a) Trimethylamine b) Dimethylamine

c) Methylamine d) Aniline
13. Assertion (A): D-glucose and D-mannose form same osazone with phenylhydrazine. [1]
Reason (R): Osazone formation involves only the last four carbon atoms.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

14. Assertion (A): Reactivity of ketones is more than aldehydes. [1]

Page 2 of 14
 Reason (R): The carbonyl carbon of ketones is less electrophilic as compared to aldehydes.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

15. Assertion (A): Vinyl halides do not give nucleophilic substitution reaction. [1]
Reason (R): Vinyl group is electron donating in vinyl halides.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

16. Assertion (A): With excess of HI, glycerol ultimately gives isopropyl iodide. [1]
Reason (R): The reaction occurs through intermediate formation of allyl iodide and propylene.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
17. Write the IUPAC name and draw the structure of coordination entities of [PtCl(NH3)5]Cl3. [2]
18. Give an explanation for the catalytic properties shown by transition metals. [2]
19. Answer the following: [2]
(a) Define rate of reaction? [1]
(b) For a reaction the rate law expression is represented as follows: [1]
1

Rate = k[A][B] 2

i. Interpret whether the reaction is elementary or complex. Give reason to support your answer.
ii. Write the unit of rate constant for this reaction if concentration of A and B is expressed in
moles/L.
20. Sodium chloride or calcium chloride is used to clear snow from the roads. Why? [2]
OR
Define molal elevation constant or ebullioscopic constant.
21. What is meant by the Ketal? Give an example. [2]
Section C
22. How much charge is required for the following reductions: [3]

i. 1 mol of Al3+ to Al?

ii. 1 mol of Cu2+ to Cu?

iii. 1 mol of M nO to Mn2+?
−

23. i. Determine the units of rate constant for first and zero order reaction. [3]
ii. Show that time required for the completion of 99% of the first order reaction is twice the 90% of completion
of the reaction.
24. Write the mechanism of acid dehydration of ethanol to yield ethane. [3]
OR
How can phenol be converted to aspirin?

Page 3 of 14
25. Predict the products formed when cyclohexanecarbaldehyde reacts with following reagents. [3]

i. PhMgBr and then H3O+

ii. Tollens' reagent
iii. Semicarbazide and weak acid
iv. Excess ethanol and acid
v. Zinc amalgam and dilute hydrochloric acid
26. Write the Nernst equation and calculate emf of the following cell at 298 K: [3]

Cr | Cr3+ (0·1 M) || Fe2+ (0·01 M) | Fe

Given : E ⊖
3+
= -0·75 V
Cr /Cr

E
⊖
2+
= -0·45 V
Fe /Fe

(log 10 = 1)
27. Tert-Butylbromide reacts with aq. NaOH by SN1 mechanism while n-butylbromide reacts by SN2 mechanism. [3]
Why?
28. Calculate the emf of the cell [3]
+2 +2 −3
Mg(s)|M g (0.1M)||C u (1 × 10 M|Cu(s))

⊖ ⊖
Given, E 2+
= +0.34V, E +2
= −2.37V)
Cu /C u Mg /Mg

Section D
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The f-block consists of the two series, lanthanoids (the fourteen elements following lanthanum) and actinoids
(the fourteen elements following actinium). Because lanthanum closely resembles the lanthanoids. The
chemistry of the actinoids is much more complicated. The complication arises partly owing to the occurrence of
a wide range of oxidation states in these elements and partly because their radioactivity creates special problems
in their study. The overall decrease in atomic and ionic radii from lanthanum to lutetium (the lanthanoid
contraction) is a unique feature in the chemistry of the lanthanoids. In the lanthanoids, La(II) and Ln(III)
compounds are predominant species.

i. Which metal in the first transition series (3d series) exhibits +1 oxidation state most frequently and why? (1)
ii. The transition metals (with the exception of Zn, Cd and Hg) are hard and have high melting and boiling
points. Give reason. (1)
iii. Both O2 and F2 stabilize high oxidation states of transition metals but the ability of oxygen to do so exceeds

that of fluorine. Give reason. (2)

OR
The atomic radii of the metals of the third (5d) series of transition elements are virtually the same as those of
the corresponding members of the second (4d) series. Give reason. (2)
30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]

Page 4 of 14
 The colligative properties of electrolytes require a slightly different approach than the one used for the
colligative properties of non-electrolytes. The electrolytes dissociate into ions in solution. It is the number of
solute particles that determines the colligative properties of a solution. The electron solutions, therefore, show
abnormal colligative properties. To account for this effect we define a quantity called the van't Hoft factor, given
by
Actual number of particles in solution after dissociation
i= Number of formula units initially dissolved in solution

i = 1 (for non-electrolytes);
i > 1 (for electrolytes, undergoing dissociation)
i < 1 (for solutes, undergoing association).
i. 0.1M K4[Fe(CN)6] is 60% ionized. What will be its van't Hoff factor? (1)

ii. When a solution of benzoic acid dissolved in benzene such that it undergoes in molecular association and its
molar mass approaches 244. In which form Benzoic molecules will exist? (1)
iii. How does van't Hoff factor i and degree of association a are related if benzoic acid undergoes dimerisation in
−α
benzene solution? (i = 1 2
or i = 1 + α) (2)
OR
What do you mean by colligative properties of solutions? (2)
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following: [5]
(a) Name the enzyme which convert surcrose into glucose and fructose. [1]
(b) i. Name any two bases which are common to both DNA and RNA. [1]
ii. Which vitamin deficiency causes:
1. Bone deformities in children?
2. Pernicious anaemia?
(c) What are heterocyclic bases? [1]
(d) Write the name of linkage joining two monosaccharides. [1]
(e) Name the purines present in DNA. [1]
(f) Give an example of fibrous protein. [1]
(g) Of the two bases named below, which one is present in RNA and which one is present in DNA? [1]
i. Thymine
ii. Uracil
32. Give the oxidation state, d-orbital occupation and coordination number of the central metal ion in the following [5]
complexes:
i. K 3 [C o( C2 O4 ) ]
3

ii. cis− [C r(en) 2

C l2 ] C l

iii. (N H 4 )2 [C oF4 ]

iv. [M n(H 2 O)6 ] S O4

OR
Write the formulas for the following coordination compounds:
a. Tetraammineaquachloridocobalt(III) chloride
b. Potassium tetrahydroxidozincate(II)
c. Potassium trioxalatoaluminate(III)

Page 5 of 14
 d. Dichloridobis(ethane-1, 2-diamine)cobalt(III)
e. Tetracarbonylnickel(0)

33. i. Write structures of different isomeric amines corresponding to the molecular formula, C4H11N. [5]

ii. Write IUPAC names of all the isomers.

iii. What type of isomerism is exhibited by different pairs of amines?
OR
Arrange the following compounds in a decreasing order of basic strength in their aqueous solutions.
NH3, CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH, (CH3)3N

Page 6 of 14
 Solution
Section A
1. (a) SOCl2 in presence of pyridine
Explanation: The hydroxyl group of an alcohol is replaced by halogen on reaction with concentrated halogen acids,
phosphorus halides, or thionyl chloride. Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is preferred because the other two products SO2 and HCl are
escapable gases. Hence, the reaction gives pure alkyl halides.
ROH + SOCl2 → RCl + SO2 (g) + HCl (g)

2.
(c) Adipose and liver
Explanation: Vitamins which are soluble in fat and oils but insoluble in water are fat soluble vitamins. These are vitamins A,
D, E and K. They are stored in liver and adipose (fat storing) tissues.
3. (a) Ether
Explanation: Williamson synthesis is used to obtain ether. For example,
′
R− X + Na − O − R ⟶ R − O − R + NaX
Alkyl Sodium alkoxide Ether

halide

4.
(b) Benzyl alcohol and sodium formate
Explanation: They will undergo Cannizzaro reaction as neither benzaldehyde nor formaldehyde has alpha hydrogen.
HCHO will be more reactive towards Cannizzaro compared to benzaldehyde because of less steric hindrance.
So, OH- nucleophile will attack HCHO first, and then the hydride shift from HCHO to benzaldehyde will occur and thus
HCHO will oxidize to HCOO- ion and benzaldehyde will reduce to benzyl alcohol.
5.
(d) 1
Explanation: r=k[A][B]°
Since [B] is in large excess, so its concentration does not change. So the order of the reaction would be 1.
6. (a) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii)
Explanation: (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii)
7. (a) (CH3)3C—I
Explanation: SN1 reactions are generally carried out mainly in polar protic solvents (like H2O) and they follow first-order
kinetics. This means that the rate of reaction depends only on one reactant. This reaction favours tertiary alkyl halides because
of the high stability of the formed carbocation. The carbocation forms when the molecule is polarized in water to form a
carbocation and halide ion attacked by the nucleophile. The reactivity of the halides are R–I> R–Br>R–Cl>>R–F. Hence,
(CH3)3C—I will undergo the reaction most readily.

8.
(c) Variable oxidation states
Explanation: Variable oxidation states
9.
(d) s–1
Explanation: unit of rate constant for nth order reaction (k) = (mol L −1 1−n
)
−1
s

put, n=1 ;
unit of rate constant for 1st order reaction( k) = s-1
10.

(b)

Page 7 of 14
 Explanation:

11.
(b) a primary alcohol
Explanation: When –CH2OH group is replaced by –COOH group then only molecular weight will increase by 14units.

12.
(b) Dimethylamine
Explanation: NH3​< primary amine < tertiary amine < secondary amine
This is because:
i. Steric hindrance
The size of an alkyl group is more than that of a hydrogen atom. So, an alkyl group would hinder the attack of a hydrogen
atom, thus decreasing the basicity of the molecule. So, the more the number of alkyl groups attached, lesser will be its
basicity.
ii. Solvation of ions
When amines are dissolved in water, they form protonated amines. Also, the number of possibilities for hydrogen bonding
also increases. More the number of hydrogen bonding more is the hydration that is released in the process of the formation
of hydrogen bonds.

13.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: A is true but R is false.
14.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
The carbonyl carbon in aldehydes generally has a more partial positive charge than in ketones due to the electron-donating
nature of alkyl groups. Aldehydes only have one e-donor group while ketones have two.

15.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: A is true but R is false.
16. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:

Section B
17. IUPAC name. Pentaamminechlorido platinum (IV) chloride.
It has octahedral structure

Page 8 of 14
18. Transition metals show catalytic property because of their ability to adopt multiple oxidation states. Catalysts at a solid surface
involve the formation of bond between reactant molecules and atoms of the surface of the catalyst. This has the effect of
increasing the concentration of the reactants at the catalyst surface and also weakening of the bonds in the reacting molecules &
the activation energy is lowered, moreover transition metals can change their oxidation state. Transition metals have tendency to
form reaction intermediates with suitable reactants. The reaction intermediates decompose yielding products and regenerating the
original substance. The transition metals form reaction intermediates due to the presence of vacant orbitals.
19. Answer the following:
(i) Rate of reaction is defined as change in concentration of reactants or products per unit time. For example, the reaction A
→ B has the rate expressed as:
dx −[dA] [dB]
rate of reaction = dt
=
dt
=
dt

(ii) i. This is a complex reaction.

Order of reaction is 1.5 . Molecularity cannot be 1.5, it has no meaning for this reaction. The reaction occurs in steps,
so it is a complex reaction.
1
[ ]
ii. Rate = k[A][B] 2

Unit of Rate constant (k)

Unit of rate
=
1

Unit of [A]× Unit of [B] 2

−1 −1
molL s
=
1

−1 −1
(molL )(molL ) 2

−1 1
1
= mol 2 L 2 s

20. Sodium chloride or calcium chloride depresses the freezing point of water to such extent that it cannot freeze to form ice. Hence it
melts off easily at the prevailing temperature. As depression in freezing point is a colligative property which is directly related to
number of solute particles. NaCl gives 2 ions in solution while CaCl2 gives 3 ions in solution.
OR
Molal elevation constant is defined as increase in boiling point of the solvent, when one mole of solute is dissolved in 1000g of
solvent. The elevation is proportional to the number of particles dissolved and given by △T = Kb m, where m is the molal
b

concentration of solute. The constant Kb is the ebullioscopic constant of the solvent.

21. Gem-Dialkoxyalkanes in which the two alkoxy groups are present on the same carbon within the chain are called ketals. These are
produced when a ketone is heated with ethylene glycol in presence of dry HCl gas or p-toluenesulphonic acid (PTS).

These are easily hydrolysed by dilute mineral acids to regenerate the original ketones. Therefore, ketals are used for protection of
keto groups in organic synthesis.
Section C
22. i. Al + 3e → Al
3+ −

Therefore, Required charge = 3 F

= 3 × 96487C

= 289461 C
ii. C u + 2e → C u
2+ −

Therefore, Required charge = 2 F

= 2 × 96487C

= 192974 C
iii. M nO → M n
−

4
2+

i.e.,M n + 5e
7+ −
→ Mn
2+

Therefore, Required charge = 5 F

= 5 × 96487C

= 482435 C

23. i. K = (mol)1-n Ln-1 s-1

For zero order, n = 0
So, K = (mol)1-0 L0-1 s-1 = s-1 mol L-1

Page 9 of 14
 For first order, n = 1
K = (mol)1-n Ln-1 s-1
So, K = (mol)1-1 L1-1 s-1
= s-1
ii. For a first order reaction,
[A]
2.303 0
t = log
K [A]

a×99
[A]0 = a, [A] = a − = 0.01a
100
2.303 a
t(99%) = log
K 0.01a
2.303
= log 100
K

=
2.303

K
× 2 ...(i)
For 90% completion of reaction,
a×99
[A] = a − = 0.1a
100
2.303 a
t(90%) = log
K 0.1a

=
2.303

K
× 1 ....(i)
Dividing equation (i) by equation (ii), we get
t(99%) = 2 × t(90%)
Hence, the time taken to complete 9% of the first order reaction is twice the time required for the completion of 90% of the
reaction.
+
H Θ

24. i. C H 3 C H2 OH −→
− C H3 C H2 O H2
Ethanol

⊕ − H2 O ⊕

ii. C H 3 − C H2 − O H2 −−−→ C H3 − C H2

iii.

OR
Phenol is converted into salicylic acid. The reaction is usually carried out by allowing sodium phenoxide to absorb carbon dioxide
and then heating the product to 400 K and 4-7 atm pressure. The first unstable intermediate is formed which undergoes a proton
shift to form sodium salicylate. The subsequent acidification of sodium salicylate gives.

Then aspirin is obtained by acetylating salicylic acid with acetic anhydride and conc. H2SO4

The preparation of Aspirin from salicylic acid is an example of an electrophilic substitution reaction in which carbon dioxide is an
electrophile.

Page 10 of 14
25. i. Formation of Alcohol

ii. Formation of Carboxylate ion

iii. Formation of Semicarbazone

iv. Formation of acetals

v. Formation of alkanes (Clemmensen Reduction)

2
3+
[ Cr ]

26. Ecell
=E 0

cell
−
0.059

6
log
3
2+
[Fe ]

E
0

cell
= −0.45 − (−0.75)
= 0.30 V
2
(0−1)
Ecell = 0.3 − 0.059

6
log
3
(0.01)

−1 2
(10 )

= 0 ⋅ 3 − .00985 log 3
−2
(10 )

= 0.3 - .00985 × 4 log10

= 0.3 - 0.0394
= 0.2606 V
27. Tert-butylbromide undergoes substitution by SN1 unimolecular substitution mechanism because it is able to form a stable

carbocation in the first step after cleavage of the halide group. The carbocation then reacts with the nucleophile OH-. On the other
hand, primary halide n-butylbromide cannot form a stable carbocation so it undergoes SN2 bimolecular substitution mechanism,

which is a one-step substitution that involves the attack of OH- and simultaneous leaving of X- to form n-butyl alcohol.

Page 11 of 14
28. We have
+2 +2 −3
Mg(s)|M g (0.1M)||Cu (1 × 10 M|Cu(s))

Half cell reactions of this cell are:

At Cathode (Reduction):
2+ −
Cu (aq) + 2e → C u(s)

At Anode (Oxidation):
2+ −
M g(s) → M g (aq) + 2e

For this cell, we have, n=2 moles of electrons.

⊖ ⊖
(Given, E 2+
= +0.34 V, E +2
= −2.37V)
Cu /Cu Mg /Mg

⊖ ⊖ ⊖
E = E − E
cell reduction oxidation

⊖ ⊖ ⊖
E = E 2+
− E 2+
cell (C u /Cu) (Mg /Mg)

= 0.34 - (-2.37)V
= 2.71V
According to Nernst equation
2+
0.059 [Mg ]
⊖
Ecell = E − log
cell n 2+
[C u ]

⊖ 0.059 0.1
Ecell = E − log[ ]
cell 2 −3
10

= 2.71 - 0.0295 log102

= 2.71 − 0.0295 × 2

= 2.651
∴ Ecell = 2.651 V

Section D

29. i. Copper exhibits +1 oxidation state more frequently i.e., Cu1+ because of its electronic configuration 3d104s1. It can easily lose
4s1 electron to give stable 3d10 configuration.
ii. Because of stronger metallic bonding and high enthalpies of atomization.
iii. The ability of O2 to stabilize higher oxidation states exceeds that of fluorine because oxygen can form multiple bonds with
metals.
OR
Due to lanthanoid contraction in second series after lanthanum, the atomic radii of elements of second and third series become
almost same and hence show similarities in properties.
i−1
30. i. We know, x = n−1
60
Where, n = 5 and x = 0.6 (∵ 60% = 100
= 0.6 ionized)
i−1
So, 0.6 = 5−1

0.6 × 4 = i - 1
2.4 = i - 1
2.4 + 1 = i
i = 3.4
ii. Benzoic molecules exist as a dimer.
−α
iii. i = 1 2

OR

Page 12 of 14
 The properties of solutions that depend on the ratio of the number of solute particles to the number of solvent molecules in a
solution and not on the nature of the chemical species is termed as colligative properties.
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following:
(i) Invertase
(ii) i. Adenine, Guanine
ii. 1. Vitamin D
2. Vitamin B12

(iii)Cyclic compound containing element other than carbon i.e.,N, S, O at ring position are called heterocyclic bases.
(iv)Glycosidic linkage
(v) Adenine and Guanine.
(vi)Keratin and Myosin
(vii) i. Thymine is present in DNA.
ii. Uracil is present in RNA.
32. i. K [C o(C O ) ]
3 2 4 3

The central metal ion is Co.

Its coordination number is 6.
The oxidation state can be given as:
x – 6 = –3
x=+3
The d orbital occupation for C o is, t 3+
2g
6
eg
0

ii. cis-[C r(en) C l ] C l 2 2

The central metal ion is Cr.

The coordination number is 6.
The oxidation state can be given as:
x + 2(0) + 2(–1) = +1
x – 2 = +1
x = +3
The d orbital occupation for C r 3+
ist
2g
3
.
iii. (N H ) [C oF ]
4 2 4

The central metal ion is Co.

The coordination number is 4.
The oxidation state can be given as:
x – 4 = –2
x=+2
The d orbital occupation for
Co
2+
is, e t . g
4
2g
3

iv. [M n(H O) ] SO2 6 4

The central metal ion is Mn.

The coordination number is 6.
The oxidation state can be given as:
x + 0 = +2
x = +2
The d orbital occupation for Mn is
3 2
t2g eg .

OR
a. The formula of Tetraammineaquachloridocobalt(III) chloride is [Co(NH3)4 (H2O)Cl) Cl2.
b. The formula of Potassium tetrahydroxidozincate(II) is K2 [Zn(OH)4].
c. The formula of potassium trioxalatoaluminate(III) is K3 [Al(C2O4)3].

d. The formula of Dichloridobis(ethane-1, 2-diamine)cobalt(III) is [CoCl2 (en)2]+.

e. The formula of Tetracarbonylnickel(0) is [Ni(CO)4].

Page 13 of 14
33. (i), (ii) The structures and IUPAC names of different isomeric amines corresponding to the molecular formula, C 4 H11 N are given
below:
a. C H − C H − C H
3 2 2 − C H2 − N H2

Butanamine(1 ) ∘

N H2

b. C H − C H − C H
3 2 − C H3

Butan-2-amine (1 ) ∘

CH3

c. C H − C H − C H − N H
3 2 2

2-Methylpropanamine (1 ) ∘

CH3

d. C H 3 − C − N H2
|

CH3

2-Methylpropan-2-amine (1o)
e. C H − C H − C H − N H − C H
3 2 2 3

N-Methylpropanamine (2 ) ∘

f. C H − C H − N H − C H
3 2 2 − C H3

N-Ethylethanamine (2 ) ∘

CH3

g. C H − C H − N H − C H
3 3

N-Methylpropan-2-amine (2 ∘
)

CH3

h. C H − C H − N − C H
3 2 3

N, N- Dimethylethanamine (3 ∘
)

(iii) The pairs (a) and (b) and (e) and (g) exhibit position isomerism.
The pairs (a) and (c); (a) and (d); (b) and (c); (b) and (d) exhibit chain isomerism.
The pairs (e) and (f) and (f) and (g) exhibit metamerism.
All primary amines exhibit functional isomerism with secondary and tertiary amines and vice-versa.
OR
The relative strength of CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH and (CH3)3N depends upon the stabilisation of their conjugate acids which depend

on the number of factors like H-bonding, steric hindrance and +I-effect of the alkyl groups. All these factors are favourable for 2o
amines, therefore (CH3)2NH is a stronger base than CH3NH2 and (CH3)3N. Since, (CH ) N does not have H-atom linked to N-
3 3

atom, therefore, the stabilisation of the conjugate acid-derived from CH3NH2 due to H-bonding is greater than that of the
conjugate acid derived from (CH 3 )3 N .

is more stable than .

Further, in NH3 no +I- group is linked to N-atom thus, it is least basic among all the given amines. Hence, the order would be:
(CH3 ) 2 NH > CH3 NH 2 > (CH3 ) 3 N > NH 3 .

Page 14 of 14
 Class XII Session 2024-25
Subject - Chemistry
Sample Question Paper - 6

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions carefully.

1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.

2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.

3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.

4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.

5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.

6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.

7. All questions are compulsory.

8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. Which of the following reactions is a halogenated exchange reaction: [1]
ZnC l2
a) R − OH + HC l −−−→ R − Cl + H2 O
b)

Dry acetone
c) d) R− X + N aI −−−−−−−→ R− I + N aX

2. The major component of starch is: [1]

a) amylopectin b) water

c) amylose d) glucose
3. An organic compound X is oxidized by using acidified K2Cr2O7. The product obtained reacts with Phenyl [1]
hydrazine but does not answer the silver mirror test. The possible structure of X is:

a) (CH3)2CHOH b) (CH4)2CH3OH

c) CH3CHO d) CH3CH2OH

4. What is the correct IUPAC name of the given compound? [1]

CH3

CH3 − C − CH2 − CH3

|

COOH

a) 2-Carboxyl-2-methylbutane b) 2-Ethyl-2-methylpropanoic acid

Page 1 of 13
 c) 3-Methylbutane carboxylic acid d) 2,2-Dimethylbutanoic acid
[R]
5. The slope in the plot of log
0
vs. time for a first order reaction is [1]
[R]

−k
a) -k b) 2.303

+k
c) 2.303
d) +k
6. Match the items given in column I with that in column II: [1]

Column I Column II

(a) Osmotic Pressure. (i) Cottrell's method.

(b) Relative lowering of vapour pressure. (ii) Rast's method.

(c) Elevation in boiling point. (iii) Ostwald and Walker's method.

(d) Depression in freezing point. (iv) Berkeley and Hartley's method.

a) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii). b) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i).

c) (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv). d) (a) - (i), (b) - (iv), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii).
7. Major product formed in the following reaction [1]
CH3

CH3 − C − Br + NaOCH3 →
|

CH3

a) CH3

|
b) CH3

CH3 − C = CH2 CH3 − C − ONa

|

CH3

c) CH3 CH3
d) CH3

| | |

CH3 − C − O − C − CH3 CH3 − C − OCH3

| | |

CH3 CH3 CH3

8. The product of oxidation of I– with MnO4- in acidic medium is: [1]

a) I2 b) IO3-

c) IO- d) IO -
4

9. When 10 g of radioactive isotope is reduced to 1.25 g in 12 years, the half life period of the isotope is [1]

a) 4 years b) 24 years

c) 16 years d) 8 years
10. Which of the following compounds will give butanone on oxidation with alkaline KMnO4 solution? [1]

a) Butan-2-ol b) Both Butan-2-ol and Butan-1-ol

c) Butan-1-ol d) Butan-3-ol
11. Which of the following alcohols will not undergo oxidation? [1]

a) Butan-2-ol b) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol

c) Butanol d) 3-Methylbutan-2-ol
12. When Benzene diazonium chloride reacts with phenol, it forms a dye. This reaction is called [1]

Page 2 of 13
 a) Coupling reaction b) Diazotisation reaction

c) Acetylation reaction d) Condensation reaction

13. Assertion (A): Mg is not present in the enamel of human teeth. [1]
Reason (R): Mg is an essential element for the biological functions of humans.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

14. Assertion (A): Formaldehyde cannot be prepared by Rosenmund's reduction. [1]
Reason (R): Acid chlorides can be reduced into aldehydes with hydrogen in boiling xylene using palladium or
platinum as a catalyst supported on barium sulphate. This is known as Rosenmund’s reduction.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

15. Assertion (A): Boiling point of alkyl halides increases with an increase in molecular weight. [1]
Reason (R): Boiling point of alkyl halides is in the order RI > RB > RCl > RF.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

16. Assertion (A): With Br2 - H2O, phenol gives 2,4,6-tribromophenol but with Br2 - CS2 it gives 4-bromophenol [1]
as the major product.
Reason (A): In water ionization of phenol is enhanced but in CS2, it is greatly suppressed.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
[2]
17. a. On the basis of crystal field theory, write the electronic configuration for d4 with a strong field ligand for
which Δ 0 > P .

b. A solution of [Ni(H2O)6]2+ is green but a solution of [Ni(CO)4] is colourless. Explain.

[Atomic number : Ni = 28]

18. Explain why do transition elements shows discrepancy in the variation of atomic radii. [2]
19. Answer the following: [2]
(a) Why in the redox titration of KMnO4 versus oxalic acid do we heat oxalic acid solution before [1]

starting the titration?

(b) What are the units of rate of a reaction? [1]
20. i. What is the relationship between Molarity and Normality? [2]
ii. One litre of water at N.T.P. dissolves 0.08 g of nitrogen. Calculate the amount of nitrogen that can be
dissolved in four litres of water at 0oC and at a pressure of 1520 mm.
OR

Page 3 of 13
 a. Find the value of van't Hoff factor for acetic acid in benzene as per the given equation:
2CH3COOH ⇋ (CH3COOH)2, assuming its complete association.
b. Osmotic pressure of a solution containing 3.5 g of dissolved protein in 0.05 L of a solution is 0.035 atm at 310 K.

Calculate the molar mass of the protein. (R = 0·0821 L atm K-1 mol-1)
21. Compound A was prepared by oxidation of compound B with alkaline KMnO4. Compound A on reduction with [2]

lithium aluminium hydride gets converted back to compound B. When compound A is heated with compound B
in the presence of H2SO4 it produces fruity smell of compound C to which family the compounds A, B and C
belong to?
Section C
22. a. Write the formulation for the galvanic cell in which the reaction [3]
C u(s) + 2Ag
+
(aq) → C u
2+
(aq) + 2Ag(s) takes place.
Identify the cathode and the anode reactions in it.

b. Write Nernst equation and calculate the emf of the following cell: Sn(s) | Sn2+(0.04M) || H+(0.02M) |
H2(g)|Pt(s)
⊖
(Given E 2+
Sn /Sn
= −0.14V )

23. The decomposition of N H on platinum surface is zero order reaction. What are the rates of production of N
3 2
[3]
and H if k
2
= 2.5 × 10
−4
mol
−1
Ls
−1
?
24. How can diethyl ether be prepared from [3]
i. ethyl iodide
ii. ethyl alcohol?
Why is the boiling point of an ether lower than that of the isomeric alcohols.
OR
Name the reagents used in the following reactions:
i. Oxidation of a primary alcohol to carboxylic acid.
ii. Oxidation of a primary alcohol to aldehyde.
iii. Bromination of phenol to 2,4,6-tribromophenol.
iv. Benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid.
v. Dehydration of propan-2-ol to propene.
vi. Butan-2-one to butan-2-ol.
25. An organic compound (A) (molecular formula C8H16O2) was hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric acid to give a [3]
carboxylic acid (B) and an alcohol (C). Oxidation of (C) with chromic acid produced (B). (C) on dehydration
gives but-1-ene. Write equations for the reactions involved.
26. How long will it take an electric current of 0.15 A to deposit all the copper from 500 ml of 0.15 M copper [3]
sulphate solution?
27. How the following conversions can be carried out? [3]
i. 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane
ii. Chloroethane to butane
iii. Benzene to diphenyl
28. On the basis of the following data, explain why Co -(III) is not stable in aqueous solution? [3]
Co3+ + e- → Co2 +, E0 = +1.82V

Page 4 of 13
 2H2O → O2 + 4H+ + 4e-, E0 = 1.23V

Section D
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The unique behaviour of Cu, having a positive E° accounts for its inability to liberate H2 from acids. Only

oxidising acids (nitric and hot concentrated sulphuric) react with Cu, the acids being reduced. The stability of the
half-filled d sub-shell in Mn2+ and the completely filled d10 configuration in Zn2+ are related to their E° values,
whereas E° for Ni is related to the highest negative Δ hyd H°. An examination of the E o
3+ 2+
values the low
(M /M )

value for Sc reflects the stability of Sc3+ which has a noble gas configuration. The comparatively high value for

Mn shows that Mn2+(d5) is particularly stable, whereas a comparatively low value for Fe shows the extra

stability of Fe3+ (d5). The comparatively low value for V is related to the stability of V2+ (half-filled t2g level).

i. Why Zn has high value for M3+/M2+ Standard Electrode Potentials? (1)
ii. Transition metals, despite high E° oxidation, are poor reducing agents. Justify. (1)

iii. Why is Cr2+ reducing and Mn3+ oxidising when both Cr and Mn have d4 configuration? (2)
OR
Why Cu2+ is more stable than Cu+? (2)
30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
In order to overcome the scarcity of drinking water in a remote village in Gujarat, Arnav and Aariv two young
entrepreneurs still in their high school, have developed a unique water purifier that is capable of converting sea
water into drinking water. It works on the principle of concentration difference between two solutions.
i. Name the phenomenon/process based on which this product is made? (1)
ii. How difference in concentration of solutions help in converting sea water into drinking water? (1)
iii. What arrangement they must have created in their product to covert sea water into drinking water? (2)
OR
Equimolar solutions of NaCl and glucose are not isotonic. Why? (2)
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following: [5]
(a) Differentiate between [1]
a. Nucleotide and Nucleoside
b. Amylose and Amylopectin
(b) Write a reaction which shows that all the carbon atoms in glucose are linked in a straight chain. [1]
(c) Write two differences between DNA and RNA. [1]
(d) Amino acids can be classified as α−, β−, γ−, δ− and so on depending upon the relative position of [1]

Page 5 of 13
 the amino group with respect to the carboxyl group. Which type of amino acids forms a polypeptide
chain in proteins?
(e) What are any two good sources of vitamin A? [1]
(f) What is anomeric carbon? [1]
(g) What is the difference between a glycosidic linkage and a peptide linkage? [1]
32. Specify the oxidation numbers of the metals in the following coordination entities: [5]

i. [Co(H2O)(CN)(en)2]2+

ii. [Pt(Cl)4]2-

iii. K3[Fe(CN)6]
iv. [Cr(NH3)3Cl3]

OR
What is crystal field splitting energy? How does the magnitude ofΔ decide the actual configuration of d-orbitals in a
0

coordination entity?
33. Write IUPAC names of the following compounds and classify them into primary, secondary and tertiary amines. [5]
1. (C H 3
) C HN H2
2

2. C H 3
(C H2 )2 N H 2

3. C H 3
N HC H (C H3 )
2

4. (C H 3
) C N H2
3

5. C 6
H5 N HC H3

OR
A colorless substance ‘A’ (C6H7N) is sparingly soluble in water and gives a water-soluble compound ‘B’ on treating

with a mineral acid. On reacting with CHCl 3 and alcoholic potash ‘A’ produces an obnoxious smell due to the
formation of compound ‘C’. The reaction of ‘A’ with benzene sulphonyl chloride gives compound ‘D’ which is
soluble in alkali. With NaNO2 and HCl, ‘A’ forms compound ‘E’ which reacts with phenol in alkaline medium to

give an orange dye ‘F’. Identify compounds ‘A’ to ‘F’.

Page 6 of 13
 Solution
Section A
1.
Dry acetone

(d) R − X + N aI −−−−−−−→ R− I + N aX
Dry acetone

Explanation: R − X + N aI −−−−−−−→ R− I + N aX

2. (a) amylopectin
Explanation: Starch is a polymer of α-glucose and consists of two components - Amylose and Amylopectin. Amylose is
water-soluble component which constitutes about 15-20% of starch. Amylopectin is insoluble in water and constitutes about
80-85% of starch. Thus, Amylopectin is the major component of starch.
3. (a) (CH3)2CHOH
Explanation: Secondary alcohol on oxidation forms ketone which reacts with hydrazine bus doesn't gives a silver mirror test.
4.
(d) 2,2-Dimethylbutanoic acid
Explanation: 2,2-Dimethylbutanoic acid
5.
+k
(c) 2.303
+k
Explanation: First order of reaction is 2.303
.

6. (a) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii).

Explanation: (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii).
CH3

7. (a) CH 3 − C = CH2

Explanation: (CH 3 )3 C − Br + Na − O − Me ⟶ CH3 − C = CH2 + NaBr + CH3 OH

|

CH3

iso−butene

Tert-halide with strong base favours elimination reaction not the substitution reaction.
8. (a) I2
Explanation: Iodine is liberated from potassium iodide.
10I- + 2MnO4- + 16H+→ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5I2

9. (a) 4 years
Explanation: Radioactivity follow 1st order kinetics.
2.303 a
k = log
t a−x
2.303 10
k = log
12 1.25

k = 0.1919 log 8
k = 0.1919 × log 23
k = 0.1919 × 3 × log2 = 0.575 × 0.3010 = 0.173yr-1
now,
0.693
t1 = = 4.005yrs ≃ 4yrs
/ 0.173
2

10. (a) Butan-2-ol

alk

Explanation: C H 3 C H2 C HC H3 −−−−−→ C H3 C H2 C OC H3 Butan-2-ol converted to butanone

| Bu tan one
KMnO4
OH

Bu tan −2−ol

11.
(b) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol
Explanation: 2-Methylbutan-2-ol will not undergo oxidation.

Page 7 of 13
12. (a) Coupling reaction
Explanation: The reaction is known as Coupling reaction.
13.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body and contains the highest percentage of minerals, with water
and organic material composing the rest. The primary mineral is hydroxyapatite, which is crystalline calcium phosphate.
Magnesium is not present in human enamel. However, magnesium is an essential mineral for human health. Magnesium is a
cofactor for more than 300 enzyme systems and is involved in both aerobic and anaerobic energy generation and in glycolysis,
either directly as an enzyme activator or as part of the magnesium-ATP complex. Magnesium is required for mitochondria to
carry out oxidative phosphorylation. It plays a role in regulating potassium fluxes and in the metabolism of calcium.
14.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: HCHO cannot be prepared by Rosenmund's reduction because formyl chloride is unstable at room temperature.
15. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The greater the molecular mass, the stronger the van der Waals' forces of attraction and hence higher is the
melting point/boiling point.
16. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
Section B
17. a. If Δ 0 > P , then on the basis of crystal field theory the electronic configuration of the d4 ion will be t
4
2g
0
eg as it is associated
with strong field and low spin situation.
b. H2O is a weak field ligand in [Ni(H2O)6]2+. As a result, Ni2+ has unpaired electrons. In this compound, d-electrons from the
lower energy level can be stimulated to the higher energy level, implying that a d-d transition is possible. As a result,
[Ni(H2O)6]2+ appears green, whereas [Ni(CO)4] is colourless due to the absence of an unpaired electron in the complex. CO is
a strong field ligand that produces electron pairing.
18. As we move from left to right in a series from Sc to Mn atomic radii decreases. This decrease occurs because of increase in
nuclear charge that occurs. After Mn, electron pairing occurs so shielding effect of d orbitals increases which try to increase the
size. From Fe to Ni size almost remains constant because of two factors playing role simultaneously i.e nuclear charge effect as
well as shielding effect. After Ni, size increases from Cu to Zn, because Cu and Zn have completely filled d orbital so shielding
effect plays dominant role.
19. Answer the following:
(i) The reaction in redox titration between KMnO4 and oxalic acid is very slow. By raising the temperature we can increase
the rate of reaction.
(ii) The units of rate of a reaction are mol L-1 s-1. In gaseous reaction the unit of rate of reaction is atm s-1.
20. i. Molarity (M) × Molecular mass of solute
= Normality (N) × Equivalent mass of solute
ii. Solubility of gas (C1) = 0.08 g /litre
P1 = 760 mm
P2 = 1520 mm
Solubility of gas (C2) at pressure P2 = ?
By Henry's law,
C1 P1
=
C2 P2

C1 × P2 0.08×1520
C2 = = = 0.16 g/ litre
P1 760

∴ Solubility of nitrogen in 4 litres of water

= 0.16 × 4 = 0.64 g
OR
a. 0.5 ( in case of dimer)

Page 8 of 13
 b. M = wRT

ΠV

= 3.5×0.0821×310

0.035×0.05

= 50902 g mol-1
21. Compound (A) is carboxylic acid (R-COOH), (B) is an alcohol (R - CH2OH) and (C) is an ester (RCH2 - COOR)
Oxidation (KMn O4 )

R − C H2 OH −−−−−−−−−−−−→ R − C OOH
(B) (A)

LiAlH ,reduction
4

Alcohol (B) ←−−−−−−−−−− Carboxylic acid (A)

Section C
22. a. We have
E
Θ

(C u
2+
/Cu)
= 0.34V and E Θ

(Ag
+
/Ag)
= 0.80V

Standard emf of Cu is less than Ag, therefore it is strong reducing agent and is oxidised. Therefore Cu acts as Anode and Ag
acts as Cathode.
Half cell reactions are:
At Cathode (Reduction):
+ −
2Ag (aq) + 2e → 2Ag(s)

At Anode (Oxidation):
2+ −
C u(s) → C u (aq) + 2e

b. The reactions are :

At Anode:
2+ −
Sn(s) → Sn (aq) + 2e

At Cathode:
+ −
2H (aq) + 2e → H2 (g)

Full cell reaction:

+ 2+
Sn(s) + 2H (aq) → Sn (aq) + H2 (g)

Standard emf of the cell is:

0 0 0
E = E +
− E 2+
cell H /H2 Sn /Sn

= 0 - (-0.14)V
= + 0.14V
For this reaction n=2 moles of electrons. Using Nernst equation,
2
[S n +]
0.0591
Ecell = 0.14 − log
2 + 2
[H ]

0.0591 0.04
= 0.14 − log
2 2
(0.02)

0.0591 4 100 100

= 0.14 − log × ×
2 100 2 2

= 0.14 V - 0.0591 V
= 0.0809 V
23. The decomposition of on platinum surface is represented by the following equation.
2N H3 (g) → N2 (g) + 3H2 (g)

d[N H3 ] d[ N2 ] d[ H2 ]
Therefore, Rate = − 1

2 dt
=
dt
=
1

3 dt

However, it is given that the reaction is of zero order.

1 d[N H3 ] d[ N2 ] 1 d[ H2 ]
− = = = k
2 dt dt 3 dt

Therefore, k = 2.5 × 10 mol L s −4 −1 −1

Hence, the rate of production of N is 2

d[ N2 ]
−4 −1 −1
= 2.5 × 10 mol L s
dt

And, the rate of production ofH is 2

d[ H2 ]
−4 −1 −1 −4 −1 −1
= 3 × 2.5 × 10 mol L s = 7.5 × 10 mol L s
dt

Conc. H2 S O4

24. i. 2C H 3 C H2 OH −−−−−−−→ C H3 C H2 − O − C H2 C H3 + H2 O
ethanol (excess) 413K ethoxyethane

Page 9 of 13
 ii. 2R ′ ′
− OH + 2N a → 2R − O − N a
+
+ H2
Alcohol

S
N2

iii. R ′
− O
−
Na
+
+ R− X−−→R −
′
O − R + Na
+
X
−

Ether

Boiling points: Ethers are isomeric with monohydric alcohols but their boiling points are much lower than those of the isomeric
alcohols. This is due to the reason that unlike alcohols, ethers do not form hydrogen bonds. As a result ethers do not show
molecular association and hence have lower boiling point than corresponding alcohols.
OR
i. Acidified potassium permanganate
ii. Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC)
iii. Bromine water
iv. Acidified potassium permanganate
v. 85% phosphoric acid
vi. NaBH4 or LiAlH4

25. The relevant equations for all the reactions involved may be explained as follows:
O O

|| Dil. H2 S O4 ||

C H3 C H2 C H2 − C − OC H2 C H2 C H3 −−−−−−→ C H3 C H2 C H2 − C − OH + C H3 C H2 C H2 C H2 OH
Buytl butonate(A)(M.F= C8 H16 O2 ) Hydrolysis Bu tan oic acid(II) Bu tan −1−ol(B)

|| CrO3 /C H3 COOH Dehydration

C H3 C H2 C H2 − C − OH ←−−−−−−−−−− C H3 C H2 C H2 C H2 OH −−−−−−−→ C H3 C H2 C H = C H2
Bu tan oic acid(B) Oxidation Bu tan −1−ol(C) (− H2 O) But−1−ene

26. You have mols in

500 ml of 0.15 M CuSO4 solution contains
500×0.15

1000
= 0.075 mole of Cu
Mass of Cu = 0.075 × 63.5 = 4.7625 g
Eq. Wt. of C u = = 31.75635

m = Z × I × t
31.75
4.7625 = × 0.15 × t
96500

t =
4.7625×96500

31.75×0.15
= 96500 sec
=
96500

60×60
= 26.80 hours.
27. i. 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane
a. alc KOH heat
b. HBr peroxide.
ii. Chloroethane to butane
Na wurtz reaction
iii. Benzene to diphenyl
a. Bromine, ferric bromide
b. Na Dry ether fitting reaction
28. Adding the two half reactions, e.m.f. comes out to positive.
emf = Ecathode - Eanode
emf = 1.82 - 1.23 = +0.59
This means that Co (III) in aqueous solution has the tendency to change to Co (II). Hence, Co (III) is not stable in aqueous
solution.
Section D

29. i. Due to the removal of an electron from the stable d10 configuration of Zn2+.
ii. Transition metals despite having high E° oxidation, are poor reducing agents because of their high heat of vaporization, high
ionisation energies and low heats of hydration.
iii. Cr2+ is reducing as its configuration changes from d4 to d3, the having a half-filled t2g level. On the other hand, the change

from Mn3+ to Mn2+ results in the half-filled (d5) configuration which has extra stability.
OR

Page 10 of 13
 The Stability of Cu2+ is more than Cu+ as stability depends on the hydration energy of the ions when they bond to the water
molecules. The Cu2+ ion has a greater charge density than Cu+ ion and thus forms much stronger bonds releasing more
energy.
30. i. The product is based on the phenomenon of Reverse Osmosis between solutions of two different concentration.
ii. When solutions of two different concentration are separated by a semipermeable membrane and excess pressure is applied on
the solution of higher concentration, solvent flow from higher concentration to lower concentration. This is called Reverse
Osmosis and same can be used to treat seawater and convert into drinking water.
iii. Following arrangement must have been made:
i. Use of a semipermeable membrane.
ii. Separate Compartment having seawater and Drinking Water separated by semipermeable membrane.
iii. Excess pressure applied in compartment having sea water.
OR
NaCl is an electrolyte and gets dissociated to two ions (Na+ and Cl-) and exerts almost double osmotic pressure than glucose
which is a non-electrolyte and does not dissociate.
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following:
(i) a. Nitrogeneous base linked with pentose sugar called as nucleoside while Nucleoside linked with phosphate group is
called as nucleotide.
b. Amylose is water soluble while amylopectin is water insoluble.
(ii) On prolonged heating with HI, glucose gives n-hexane which suggest that all the six carbon atoms in glucose are linked
linearly.
Δ

HO H2 C (C HOH) C HO + HI −
→ C H3 (C H2 ) C H3
4 4
Glu cos e n−hexane

(iii) DNA RNA

Double stranded Single stranded

Thymine base is present Uracil base is present

⋅
(iv)α -Amino acid, R − C H − C OOH forms a polypeptide chain in the proteins.
|

N H2

(v) Milk, carrot

(vi)An anomeric carbon can be identified as the carbonyl carbon (of the aldehyde or ketone functional group) in the open-
chain form of the sugar. It can also be identified as the carbon bonded to the ring oxygen and a hydroxyl group in the
cyclic form.
(vii)Glycosidic linkage: It is the linkage which joins two monosaccharides through oxygen atom. It is present in
carbohydrates.
Peptide Linkage: It is the linkage which joins two amino acids through - CO-NH- bond. It is present in proteins.

32. i. [Co(H2O)(CN)(en)2]2+ Let the oxidation number of Co be x. The charge on the complex is +2.

x -1 = +2
x = +3
ii. [Pt(Cl)4]2- Let the oxidation number of Pt be x. The charge on the complex is –2.

Page 11 of 13
 x = +2

iii. K3[Fe(CN)6]​​

iv.

x-3=0
x = +3
OR
The degenerate d-orbitals (in a spherical field environment) split into two levels i.e., e and, t in the presence of ligands. The
g 2g

splitting of the degenerate levels due to the presence of ligands is called the crystal-field splitting while the energy difference
between the two levels ( e andt ) is called the crystal-field splitting energy. It is denoted by Δ After the orbitals have split, the
g 2g 0

filling of the electrons takes place. After 1 electron (each) has been filled in the three t orbitals, the filling of the fourth electron
2g

takes place in two ways. It can enter the e orbital (giving rise to t e like electronic configuration) or the pairing of the electrons
g
3
2g
1
g

can take place in the t2g orbitals (giving rise to t

4
2g
0
eg like electronic configuration). If the Δ value of a ligand is less than the
0

pairing energy (P), then the electrons enter the e orbital. On the other hand, if the Δ value of a ligand is more than the pairing
g 0

energy (P), then the electrons enter the t orbital.

2g

33. i. Propan-2-amine (1o amine)

ii. Propan-1-amine (1o amine)
iii. N-Methyl-1-methylethanamine (2o amine)
iv. 2-Methylpropan-2-amine (1o amine)
v. N-Methylbenzamine or N-methylaniline (2oamine)
OR
Substance 'A'-Aniline, 'B'-Anilinium chloride, 'C'-Benzene isonitrile, 'D'- N-phenylbenzene sulphonamide, 'E'-benzene diazonium
chloride, 'F'-p- hydroxyazobenzene.
i.

ii.

Page 12 of 13
iii.

iv.

Page 13 of 13
 Class XII Session 2024-25
Subject - Chemistry
Sample Question Paper - 7

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions carefully.

1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.

2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.

3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.

4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.

5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.

6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.

7. All questions are compulsory.

8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. A halogen used in potential blood substitutes in surgery is: [1]

a) Fluorine b) Bromine

c) Iodine d) Chlorine
2. In disaccharides, if the reducing groups of monosaccharides i.e. aldehydic or ketonic groups are bonded, these [1]
are non-reducing sugars. Which of the following disaccharide is a non-reducing sugar?

a) b)

c) d)

3. Phenol on distillation with zinc dust gives [1]

a) benzaldehyde b) benzophenone

c) benzene d) benzonic acid

4. Which of the following has most acidic hydrogen? [1]

a) 2, 3 – Hexanedione b) 2, 5 – Hexanedione

c) 2, 4 – Hexanedione d) 3 – Hexanone

Page 1 of 12
 5. Consider the reaction [1]
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2N H3 (g)

d[N H3 ] −d[H2 ]
The equality relation between dt
and dt
is:

a) b)
d[N H3 ] d[H2 ] d[N H3 ] d[H2 ]
1 2
= − = −
dt 3 dt dt 3 dt

c) d[N H3 ]
= −
3 d[H2 ]
d) d[N H3 ]
= −
d[H2 ]

dt 2 dt dt dt

6. Match the items of column I with appropriate entries of column II. [1]

Column I Column II

(a) For electrolyte CaSO4 (i) i = 5

(b) For ideal Solution (ii) i = 2

(c) For electrolyte Al2(SO4)3 (iii) i = 4

(d) For electrolyte Na3PO4 (iv) i = 1

a) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii). b) (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv).

c) (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i). d) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii).
7. Decomposition of benzene diozonium chloride by using Cu2Cl2/HCl to form chlorobenzene is: [1]

a) Wurtz – Fittig reaction b) Friedel – Crafts reaction

c) Sandmeyer's reaction d) Finkelstein reaction

8. Which of the following characteristics of transition metals is associated with their catalytic activity? [1]

a) Paramagnetic nature b) High enthalpy of atomisation

c) Variable oxidation states d) Colour of hydrated ions

9. In a chemical reaction X → Y, it is found that the rate of reaction doubles when the concentration of X is [1]
increased four times. The order of the reaction with respect to X is

a) 1

2
b) 2

c) 1 d) 0
10. Methyl ketones are usually characterized by: [1]

a) Benedict's reagent b) Iodoform test

c) Schiff's test d) Tollen's reagent

11. Monochlorination of toluene in sunlight followed by hydrolysis by aq. NaOH yields [1]

a) benzyl alcohol b) o-cresol

c) 2,4-dihydroxytoluene d) m-cresol

12. In order to prepare a 1o amine from an alkyl halide with simultaneous addition of one CH2 group in the carbon [1]

chain, the reagent used as source of nitrogen is ________.

a) Sodium amide, NaNH2 b) Sodium azide, NaN3

c) Potassium phthalimide, C6H4(CO)2N-K+ d) Ethanolic NaCN

Page 2 of 12
13. Assertion: Fructose can reduce Tollen’s reagent. [1]
Reason: Fructose is a ketone.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

14. Assertion (A): Isobutanal does not give the iodoform test. [1]
Reason (R): It does not have alpha-hydrogen.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

15. Assertion (A): The nucleophilic substitution of vinyl chloride is difficult than ethyl chloride. [1]
Reason (R): Vinyl group is an electron-donating group.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

16. Assertion (A): 4-nitrophenol is more acidic than 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol. [1]
Reason (R): Phenol is a weaker acid than carbonic acid.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
17. When a coordination compound CoCl3 ·6NH3 is mixed with AgNO3, 3 moles of AgCl are precipitated per mole [2]
of the compound. Write
i. structural formula of the complex.
ii. IUPAC name of the complex.
18. What is lanthanoid contraction? What are the consequences of lanthanoid contraction? [2]
19. Answer the following: [2]
(a) What is the order of photochemical reaction? [1]
(b) For the homogeneous decomposition of N2O5 into NO2 and O2; 2N 2 O5 (g) → 4N O2 (g) + O2 (g) [1]

Rate = k [N2O5]
Find out the order of reaction with respect to N2O5.

20. Calculate the volume of water which could be added to 20 ml of 0.65 m HCl to dilute the solution to 0.2 m? [2]
OR
What factors are responsible for deviations for Raoult's law?
21. How are the following conversions carried out? [2]
i. Ethanol to 1, 2-Ethanediol
ii. Phenol to Acetophenone
Section C
22. What do you understand by the term 'conductance'? What are its units? [3]

Page 3 of 12
23. For the reaction R → P, the concentration of a reactant changes from 0.03 M to 0.02 M in 25 minutes. Calculate [3]
the average rate of reaction using units of time both in minutes and seconds.
24. Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with: [3]
i. 1-propoxypropane
ii. Methoxybenzene
iii. Benzyl ethyl ether
OR
How would you account for the following:
i. Phenols are much more acidic than alcohols.
ii. The boiling point of ethers are much lower than those of the alcohols of comparable molar masses.
25. Write the products formed when (CH3)3 C – CHO reacts with the following reagents : [3]

i. CH3COCH3 in the presence of dilute NaOH

ii. HCN
iii. Conc. NaOH
26. Depict the galvanic cell in which the reaction: [3]
+ 2+
Zn(s) + 2Ag (aq) → Z n (aq) + 2Ag(s)

takes place. Further show:

i. Which of the electrodes is negatively charged?
ii. The carries of current in the cell.
iii. Individual reaction at each electrode.
27. What are haloarenes? How are they classified? Give one method for each of the preparation of nuclear and side [3]
chain substituted halorenes.

28. Conductivity of saturated solution of BaSO4 at 315 K is 3.648 × 10-6 ohm-1 cm-1 and that of water is 1.25 × [3]

10-6 ohm-1 cm-1. Ionic conductance of Ba2+ and SO 2−

4
are 110 and 136.6 ohm-1 cm2 mol-1 respectively.
Calculate the solubility of BaSO4 in g/L.

Section D
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The actinoids include the fourteen elements from Th to Lr. The actinoids are radioactive elements and the earlier
members have relatively long half-lives, the latter ones have half-life values ranging from a day to 3 minutes for
lawrencium. The latter members could be prepared only in nanogram quantities. Actinoids show a greater range
of oxidation states. The elements, in the first half of the series frequently exhibit higher oxidation states. The
actinoids resemble the lanthanoids in having more compounds in +3 state than in the +4 state. All the actinoids

are believed to have the electronic configuration of 7s2 and variable occupancy of the 5f and 6d subshells. The
magnetic properties of the actinoids are more complex than those of the lanthanoids. The variation in the
magnetic susceptibility of the actinoids with the number of unpaired 5f electrons is roughly parallel to the
corresponding results for the lanthanoid.
i. Actinoid contraction is greater from element to element than lanthanoid contraction. Why? (1)
ii. Actinoids show irregularities in their electronic configuration. Justify? (1)
iii. The actinoid metals are all silvery in appearance but display a variety of structures than lanthanoid give
reason. (2)

Page 4 of 12
 OR
The magnetic properties of the actinoids are more complex than those of the lanthanoids. Why? (2)
30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The boiling point elevation and the freezing point depression of solutions have a number of practical
applications. Ethylene glycol (CH2OH⋅ CH2OH) is used in automobile radiators as an antifreeze because it

lowers the freezing point of the coolant. The same substance also helps to prevent the radiator coolant from
boiling away by elevating the boiling point. Ethylene glycol has a low vapour pressure. We can also use glycerol
as an antifreeze. In order for boiling point elevation to occur, the solute must be non-volatile, but no such
restriction applies to freezing point depression. For example, methanol (CH3OH), a fairly volatile liquid that

boils only at 65oC is sometimes used as antifreeze in automobile radiators.

i. Out of the CH3OH and C6H12O6, which is a better reagent for depression in freezing point but not for

elevation in boiling point? (1)

ii. Will the depression in freezing point be same or different, if 0.1 moles of sugar or 0.1 moles of glucose is
dissolved in 1 L of water? (1)
iii. 124 g each of the two reagents glycerol and glycol are added in 5 kg water of the radiators in the two cars.
Which one is better for a car? Justify your answer. (2)
OR
If the cost of glycerol, glycol and methanol are the same, then what would be the sequence of the economy to
use these compounds as antifreeze? (2)
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following: [5]
(a) Deficiency of which vitamin causes night-blindness. [1]
(b) Give two examples of reducing sugars. [1]
(c) Define the following terms: [1]
i. Glycosidic linkage
ii. Native protein
(d) Write function of carbohydrates in plants. [1]
(e) Differentiate between: [1]
i. Peptide linkage and Glycosidic linkage
ii. Nucleoside and Nucleotide
(f) What type of linkage holds together the monomers of DNA? [1]
(g) Write the product obtained when D-glucose reacts with H2N-OH. [1]

32. [NICl4]2- is paramagnetic while [Ni(CO)4] is diamagnetic though both are tetrahedral. Why? [5]

OR
CoSO4Cl.5NH3 exists in two isomeric forms ‘A’ and ‘B’. Isomer ‘A’ reacts with AgNO3 to give white precipitate but
does not react with BaCl2. Isomer ‘B’ gives a white precipitate with BaCl2 but does not react with AgNO3. Answer

the following questions.

i. Identify ‘A’ and ‘B’ and write their structural formulas.
ii. Name the type of isomerism involved.
iii. Give the IUPAC name of ‘A’ and ‘B’.

Page 5 of 12
33. Giving an example for each describe the following reactions : [5]
i. Hofmann bromamide reaction.
ii. Gattermann reaction.
iii. Coupling reaction.
OR
Write the main products of the following reactions:
H NO2

i. CH3 CH2 NH2 −−−−→

∘
0 C

ii.

iii.

Page 6 of 12
 Solution
Section A
1. (a) Fluorine
Explanation: Certain fully fluorinated compounds are being considered as potential blood substitutes in surgery. So fluorine is
the element used in these blood substitutes.
2. (a)

Explanation:
This structure represents sucrose(diasaccharides) in which α -D glucose and β -D-fructose is attached to each other by C1-C2
glycosidic linkage. Since reducing groups of glucose and fructose are involved in glycosidic bond formation, this is considered
as a non-reducing sugar.

3.
(c) benzene
Explanation: Phenol is reduced to benzene when it is distilled with zinc dust or its vapour is passed over granules of zinc at
400oC.

4.
(c) 2, 4 – Hexanedione
Explanation: 2,4-hexanedione will have active methylene group.
The structure of 2,4-hexanedione is

-CH2 group present between the two carbonyl group is active methylene group, these hydrogens are highly acidic as their
conjugate base is highly stable.
5.
d[N H3 ] d[ H2 ]
(b) dt
= −
2

3 dt

Explanation: For the given reaction,

d[ N2 ] d[ H2 ] d[N H3 ]
1 1 1
rate = − = − =
2 dt 3 dt 2 dt

6.
(d) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii).
Explanation: (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii).
7.
(c) Sandmeyer's reaction
Explanation: C H N C l 6 5 2
+ −
+ C u2 C l2 /HC l → C6 H5 C l

Page 7 of 12
 Mixing the solution of the freshly prepared diazonium salt with cuprous chloride or cuprous bromide results in the replacement
of the diazonium group by –Cl or –Br. This is called Sandmeyer's reaction.
8.
(c) Variable oxidation states
Explanation: Variable oxidation states is associated with their catalyst activity.
9. (a) 1

Explanation: X → Y
Rate(r) ∝ [X]n [Where n = order of reaction]
If the concentration X is increased by 4 times
X' = 4X
Then, Rate(r') ∝ [X']n
n
′ [4X]
r
= n
= 2
r [X]

r' is new rate, X' is a new concentration

[4]n = 2
1
∴ n=
2

Order of reaction = 1

10.
(b) Iodoform test
Explanation: C H C OR + I + N aOH → C HI + RC O O N a
3 2 3
− +

Iodoform test is a characteristic test given by methyl ketones. CHI formed is yellow precipitate.
11. (a) benzyl alcohol
Explanation: Monochlorination of toluene gives benzylchloride.
C6H5CH3 + Cl2 + hv → C6H5CH2Cl
benzyl chloride on reaction with aq. NaOH will give benzyl alcohol by substitution reaction.
C6H5CH2Cl + NaOH(aq) → C6H5CH2OH

12.
(d) Ethanolic NaCN
Explanation: KCN is used to increase the number of carbon atoms.
RX + NaCN → RCN + KX
H2 /Raney N i

R − CN + 4H −−−−−−−−→ RCH2 N H2

13.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Fructose does not contain an aldehyde group but still reduce Tollen's reagent. In presence of the dilute solution of
alkali, fructose undergoes epimerization to form glucose and mannose.
14.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Isobutanal does not give an iodoform test because it does not have the −COCH3 group.

15.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: A is true but R is false.
16.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
Electron withdrawing groups such as -NO2, - CN, - X, increase the acidity. Greater the number of electron-withdrawing groups
more is the acidic character, i.e. 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol is more acidic than 4-nitrophenol.
Section B
17. i. When one mole of CoCl3.6NH3 is mixed with AgNO3, three moles of AgCl are precipitated which indicates that three
ionisable chloride ions in the complex are present. Hence, its structural formula is [Co(NH3)6]Cl3.

Page 8 of 12
 ii. IUPAC name of the complex [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 is Hexa ammine cobalt (III) chloride.
18. The decrease in atomic and ionic size with increase in atomic number in lanthanoids is called lanthanoid contraction. Its
consequences are
(i) It causes the radii of the members of the third transition series to be very similar to those of the corresponding members of the
second series. The almost identical radii of Zr (160 pm) and Hf (159 pm), have almost similar sizes.
(ii) Difficulty in separation of lanthanoids.
19. Answer the following:
(i) Zero Order reaction
(ii) It is first order with respect to N2O5.
20. For dilution -
M1 V1 = M2 V2
M1 V1 0.65M×20ml
V2 = = = 65ml
M2 0.2M

Vol of water to be added to 20 ml = V 2 − V1 = 65 ml - 20 ml = 45 ml.

OR
If the force of attraction between A - B are different from A - A and B - B, there will be deviation from Raoult's law. As a result of
this difference in interaction, there will be difference in vapour pressure of the mixture of A and B compared to pure A and pure
B.
21. i.

ii.

Section C
22. The reciprocal of electrical resistance is called conductance. It is usually represented by 'G'.
Thus G = R
1

Units: The units of conductance are reciprocal ohms written as

ohm-1 or mho
or siemens (S)
−1
1S = 1Ω
Δ[R]
23. Average rate of reaction − Δt

[R]2 − [R]1 0.02−0.03 −1

= − = − M min
t2 − t1 25

−0.01 −1 −4 −1
= − M min = 4 × 10 M min
25
−4
4×10 −1 −6 −1
= M s = 6.67 × 10 Ms
60

373K

24. i. C 2 H2 C H2 − O − C H2 C2 H5 + HI −−−→ C H3 C H2 C H2 − OH + C H3 C H2 C H2 − I
l - Proproxypropane Propan - l - ol l - Iodopropane

ii.

iii.

Page 9 of 12
 OR
i. Since the phenoxide ion left after the removal of a proton is stabilized by resonance whereas alkoxide ion left after the
removal of a proton from alcohol is not.
ii. The large difference in boiling points of alcohols and ethers is due to the presence of hydrogen bonding in alcohols.
25. i. The product form when (CH3)3-C-CHO react with CH​3COCH3 in the presence of dilute NaOH is:
OH O

N aOH(dil) | ||

(C H3 ) − C − C HO + C H3 − CO − C H3 −−−−−−→ (C H3 ) − C − C H − C H2 − C − C H3
3 3
4−Hydroxy−5,5−dim ethylhexa−2−one

ii. The product form when (CH3)3C-CHO react with HCN is(C H 3 )3 − C − C HO + HC N → (C H3 )3 − C − OH
|

CN

Conc. N aOH

iii. The product form when (CH3)3-C-CHO react with conc. NaOH is:2(C H 3 )3 − C − C HO −−−−−−−−→

− +
(C H3 )3 − C O O Na + (C H3 )3 − C H2 OH

26. We have,
+ 2+
Zn(s) + 2Ag (aq) → Zn (aq) + 2Ag(s)

At Cathode (Reduction):
+ −
2Ag (aq) + 2e → 2Ag(s)

At Anode (Oxidation):
2+ −
Zn(s) → Zn (aq) + 2e

The cell will be represented as:

2+ +
Zn(s)|Zn (aq)||Ag (aq)|Ag(s)

i. From half cell reaction, Zinc acts as Anode, i.e. zinc electrode will be negatively charged.
ii. The current will flow from silver to zinc in the external circuit and inside the solution, ions are responsible as shown in the
half cell reaction. Zn2+ is formed in the anode container and goes to the solution and in the cathode container, Ag+ goes from
solution to the silver metal(cathode) and gets deposited. To maintain the concentration of ions in both the containers, salt
bridge is used which contain an electrolyte i.e. KCl.
iii. At anode : Zn(s) → Zn (aq) + 2e 2+ −

At cathode: Ag (aq) + e → Ag(s)

+

27. Haloarenes: The replacement of hydrogen atoms in a aromatic hydrocarbon by halogen atoms results in the formation of aryl
halide (haloarene). Haloarenes contain halogen atoms attached to sp2 hybridized carbon atoms of an aryl group. They are
classified as:
i. Nuclear halogen derivatives: Halogen derivatives of aromatic hydrocarbons in which the halogen atom (F, Cl , Br, or I) is
directly attached to an aromatic ring are called nuclear halogen derivatives. Some examples are:

It is prepared by the direct chlorination of aromatic hydrocarbon.

ii. Side chain halogen derivatives: Halogen derivatives of aromatic hydrocarbons in which the halogen atom is linked to one of
the carbon atoms of the side chain carrying the aryl group are called aryl halides. For example,

Page 10 of 12
 Preparation: By the direct halogenation of a suitable arenas.

28. Λ∘
m (BaSO4 ) = Λm Ba
∘ 2+
+ Λm SO
∘ 2−

4
= 110 + 136.6 = 246.6ohm
−1
cm
−1

−6 −6
KB,S04 = KB,s04 ( solution ) − Kwatar = 3.648 × 10 − 1.25 × 10

−6 −1
= 2.398 × 10 s cm
−6
c K×1000 2.398× 10 ×1000 −6
Λm = = = 9.72 × 10 mol/L
Solubility 246.6

Solubility = 9.72 × 10-6 × 233 = 2.26 × 10-3 g/L

Section D
29. i. This is because of relatively poor shielding by 5f electrons in actinoids in comparison with shielding of 4f electrons in
lanthanoids.
ii. Actinoids have irregularities in the electronic configuration because of almost equal energy of 5f, 6d and 7s orbitals.
Therefore, there are some irregularities in the filling of 5f, 6d, and 7s orbitals. The electron may enter either of these orbitals.
iii. The structural variability in actinoids is obtained due to irregularities in metallic radii which are far greater than in lanthanoids.
OR
Magnetic properties of actinoid complexes are borne by 5f open shell orbitals. These orbitals have a marked inner shell
character, as in lanthanides, but interact more with the chemical environment than the 4f of lanthanides, leading to unique
magnetic properties.
30. i. CH3OH is a better reagent for depression in freezing point but not for elevation in boiling point.
ii. The depression in freezing point will be the same in both the solutions because both are non-electrolytes and gives the same
number of solutes.
iii. Glycol will be better than glycerol because it is more volatile than glycerol.
OR
The sequence of the economy to use these compounds as antifreeze is Methanol > Glycol > Glycerol.
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following:
(i) Vitamin A
(ii) Examples of reducing sugars - Maltose and Lactose.
(iii) i. A linkage between two monosaccharide units through oxygen atom.
ii. Protein having a unique three-dimensional structure and biological activity.
(iv)They store energy in the form of starch in plants.
(v) i. Peptide linkage: A linkage formed when two amino acids are joined through -CONH- bond.
Glycosidic linkage: When two monosaccharides are joined through oxygen atom.
ii. Nucleoside: Base + Sugar
Nucleotide: Base + Sugar + Phosphate
(vi)The 2 strands of DNA are attached to each other by hydrogen bonds that connect the nitrogenous bases of one strand to
the bases of the other strand (this is called complementary base pairing) where Adenine pairs with Thymine by 2
hydrogen bonds and Guanine pairs with Cytosine using 3 hydrogen bonds.
While nucleotides of DNA are held together by Phosphodiester linkages. The structure of DNA holds the nucleotides in
place using phosphodiester bonds. A phosphodiester bond occurs when exactly two of the hydroxyl group in phosphoric
acid react with hydroxyl groups on other molecules to form two ester bonds. The phosphodiester bond is the linkage
between the 3' carbon atom of one sugar molecule and the 5 ' carbon atom of another, deoxyribose in DNA.
(vii)D-glucose on reaction with NH2OH (hydroxylamine) yield glucose oxime.

Page 11 of 12
32. Though both [NICl4]2- and [Ni(CO)4] are tetrahedral, their magnetic characters are different. This is due to a difference in the

nature of ligands. CN- is a weak field ligand and it does not cause the pairing of unpaired 3d electrons. Hence, [NICl4]2- is
paramagnetic.

In [Ni(CO)4] ,Ni is in the zero oxidation state i.e., it has a configuration of 3d84s2.

But CO is a strong field ligand. Therefore, it causes the pairing of unpaired 3d electrons. Also, it causes the 4s electrons to shift to
the 3d orbital, thereby giving rise to sp3hybridization. Since no unpaired electrons are present in this case, [Ni(CO)4] is
diamagnetic.
OR
CoSO4Cl.5NH3:
i. Isomer A reacts with AgNO3 but not with BaCl2, it shows that it has Cl ion outside the coordination sphere. Hence, A =
[CO(NH3)5SO4]CI

Isomer B reacts with BaCl2 but not with AgNO3, it shows that it has SO4- outside the coordination sphere
Hence, B = [CO(NH3)5Cl]SO4
ii. Type of isomerism - Ionization isomerism.
iii. IUPAC name of, A = Pentaamminesulphatocobalt (III) chloride and B = Pentaamminesulphatocobalt (III) sulphate.
33. i. Hofmann bromamide degradation reaction It is a method for the preparation of primary amines by treating an amide with
bromine in an aqueous or ethanolic solution of sodium hydroxide. The amines so formed contain one carbon less than that
present in the parent amide.
ii. Gattermann reaction When benzene diazonium chloride is treated with Cu/HCl Cu/HBr, chlorobenzene or bromobenzene is
obtained. This reaction is known as Gattermann reaction
iii. Coupllng reaction Arenediazonium salts react with highly reactive (i.e. electron rich) aromatic compounds such as aniline,
phenols to form brightly coloured azo compounds, Ar-N =N-Ar. This reaction is called coupling reaction. e.g. Benzene
diazonium chloride reacts with aniline in faintly acidic medium (pH 4- 5) at 273·278K, in which the molecule at its para-
position is coupled with the diazonium salt to form p-aminoazobenzene. This is an example of coupling reaction.

OR
∘
0 C
CH3 CH2 NH 2 CH3 CH2 OH
i. + HNO2 −−→ + N2 + H2O
Ethylamine Ethyl alcohol

ii.

iii.

Page 12 of 12
 Class XII Session 2024-25
Subject - Chemistry
Sample Question Paper - 8

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions carefully.

1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.

2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.

3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.

4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.

5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.

6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.

7. All questions are compulsory.

8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. Which of the following has highest boiling point? [1]

a) C2H5-I b) C2H5-F

c) C2H5-Cl d) C2H5-Br

2. Amino acid is. [1]

a) H2N.CH2.COOH b) Cl - CH2. COOH

c) HO. CH2COOH d) CH3COONH4

3. Which of the following reactions will yield phenol? [1]

i.

ii.

iii.

iv.

Page 1 of 15
 a) i, iii, iv b) ii, iii, iv

c) i, ii, iii d) i, ii, iv

4. Acetone is treated with excess of ethanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The product obtained is: [1]

a) (CH3)2C(OH)(OC2H5) b) (CH3)2C(OC2H5)(OC2H5)

c) CH3COOH d) (CH3)2CH(OH)

5. For the reaction A + 2B → C + D, the rate law is given by r = k[A] [B]2, the concentration of A is kept constant [1]

while that of B is doubled. The rate of the reaction will:

a) not change b) become half

c) quadruple d) double
6. Match the items given in column I with that in column II: [1]

Column I Column II

(a) Hypertonic (i) NaCl.

(b) Hypotonic (ii) Solution having higher osmotic pressure than other solution.

(c) Isotonic (iii) Solution having lower osmotic pressure than other solution.

(d) Electrolyte (iv) Solutions having same osmotic pressure.

a) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (iii), (d) - (i) b) (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)

c) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i) d) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
7. A dibromo derivative of an alkane reacts with sodium metal to form an alicyclic hydrocarbon. The derivative is [1]

a) 1, 1 – dibromopropane b) 2, 2 – dibromobutane

c) 1, 2 – dibromoethane d) 1, 4 – dibromobutane
8. Oxidation state of central metal atom in the given complex is: [1]
[Co(NH3)4(H2O)2]Cl3

a) +1 b) +3

c) +4 d) +2
9. The rate of the first-order reaction is 0.69 × 10 −2
mol L
−1
min
−1
and the initial concentration is 0.2mol L
−1
[1]
the half-life period is:

a) 1200 s b) 600 s

c) 0.33 s d) 1 s
[1]
10.

This reaction is known as:

a) Rosenmund reduction b) Etard reaction

c) Cannizzaro reaction d) Aldol condensation

11. IUPAC name of m-cresol is ________. [1]

Page 2 of 15
 a) 3-chlorophenol b) benzene-1, 3-diol

c) 3-methoxyphenol d) 3-methylphenol
12. Hinsberg's reagent is: [1]

a) Benzene sulphonic acid b) Benzene sulphonamide

c) Phenyl isocyanide d) Benzene sulphonyl chloride

13. Assertion (A): A solution of sucrose in water is dextrorotatory but on hydrolysis in presence of little [1]
hydrochloric acid it becomes laevorotatory.
Reason (R): Sucrose on hydrolysis gives unequal amounts of glucose and fructose as a result of which change
in sign of rotation is observed.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

O

||
[1]
14. Assertion (A): RMgX on reaction with CO2 gives R − C − OH
Reason (R): RMgX on reaction with carbonyl compounds give alcohols.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

15. Assertion (A): (CH3)3 C–O–CH3 gives (CH3)3 C–I and CH3OH on treatment with HI. [1]
Reason (R): The reaction occurs by SN1 mechanism.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

16. Assertion (A): Di-tert-butyl ether cannot be prepared by Williamson's synthesis. [1]
Reason (R): tert-Butyl bromide on treatment with sodium lert-butoxide preferentially undergoes elimination to
form isobutylene and rert-butyl alcohol.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
17. How is stability of coordination compounds determined in aqueous solution? [2]
2+

18. Consider the standard electrode potential values ( M

) of the elements of the first transition series. [2]
M

Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn

-1.63 -1.18 -0.90 -1.18 -0.44 -0.28 -0.25 +0.34 -0.76

Explain:

i. Eo value for copper is positive.

ii. Eo value of Mn is more negative as expected from the trend.

Page 3 of 15
 iii. Cr3+ is a stronger reducing agent than Fe2+.
19. Answer the following: [2]
(a) The time required to decompose SO 2 C l2 to half of its initial amount is 60 min. If the decomposition [1]
is a first order reaction, calculate the rate constant of the reaction?
(b) The decomposition reaction of ammonia gas on platinum surface has a rate constant k = 2.5 × 10-4 [1]

mol L-1 s-1. What is the order of the reaction?

20. What is expected Van't Hoff factor for K4[Fe(CN)6]? [2]
OR
A solution is prepared by dissolving 11 g glucose in 200cm water at 30 3 0
C . What is the mass Percentage of glucose
in solution? The density of water 30 0
C is 0.996g/cm 3

21. Complete each synthesis by giving missing starting material, reagent or products:- [2]

Section C

22. The Ksp for AgCl at 298 K is 1.0 × 10-10. Calculate the electrode potential for Ag+/Ag electrode immersed in [3]

1.0M KCl solution. Given E θ

Ag
+
/Ag
= 0.80V .
23. For the reaction: [3]
2A + B → A2B

the rate = k[A][B]2 with k = 2.0 × 10-6 mol-2 L2 s-1. Calculate the initial rate of the reaction when [A] = 0.1 mol
L-1, [B] = 0.2 mol L-1. Calculate the rate of reaction after [A] is reduced to 0.06 mol L-1.
24. Give the structure of the products you would except when each of the following alcohol reacts with (i) Butan-l- [3]
ol (ii) 2- Methylbutan-2-ol
a. HCl - ZnCl2
b. HBr
c. SOCl2

OR
Name the reagents which are used in the following conversions:
i. A primary alcohol to an aldehyde
ii. Butan-2-one to butan-2-ol
iii. Phenol to 2, 4, 6-tribromophenol
25. Describe the following: [3]
i. Acetylation
ii. Cannizzaro reaction
iii. Cross aldol condensation
iv. Decarboxylation
26. In the button cell widely used in watches and other devices the following reaction takes place: [3]
2+ −
Zn(s) + Ag2 O(s) + H2 O(l) → Z n (aq) + 2Ag(s) + 2OH (aq)

Determine Δ rG
(−)
and E(-) for the reaction

Page 4 of 15
 Given Zn → Z n 2+
+ 2e
−
, E0 = 0.76V

Given Ag → Ag +
+ 2e
−
, E0 = 0.344V
27. What happens when [3]
i. n-butyl chloride is treated with alcoholic KOH.
ii. bromobenzene is treated with Mg in the presence of dry ether.
iii. chlorobenzene is subjected to hydrolysis.

28. The conductivity of 2.5 × 10-4 M methanoic acid is 5.25 × 10-5 S cm-1 and its ∧ has a value 400 S cm2 mol-
0
m
[3]
1. Calculate its molar conductivity and degree of dissociation.
Section D
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7 are most important chemicals which are used as oxidising agents and disinfectants.

K2MnO4 is prepared by fusing MnO2 with KOH in presence of O2. K2MnO4 is electrolysed to get purple

coloured KMnO4. Na2CrO4 is prepared by heating chromite ore with Na2CO3 in presence of O2. Na2CrO4 is
converted into Na2Cr2O7 by reacting with concentrated H2SO4. Na2Cr2O7 is reacted with KCl to get K2Cr2O7,

orange coloured solid, soluble in water, changes to yellow coloured CrO in basic medium, KMnO4 acts as
2−

oxidising agent in acidic, neutral as well basic medium. In acidic medium, it converts Fe2+ to Fe3+, Sn2+ to

Sn4+, COO- to CO2. In basic medium it converts I- to IO3-. K2Cr2O7 acts as oxidising agent only in acidic

medium, converts H2S to S, SO2 to SO42-, I- to I2. Lanthanoids and actinoids belong to f-block elements with

general electronic configuration (n - 2) f1 to 14 (n - 1) d0 – 2 ns2. All actinoids are radioactive. Both show
contraction in atomic and ionic radii but actinoid contraction is more than lanthanoid contraction. Lanthanoid
show +3 oxidation state, few elements show +2 and +4 oxidation states also. Actinoids show +3, +4, +5, +6, +7
oxidation states.
i. Which lanthanoid shows +4 oxidation state and why? (1)
ii. Give two similarities between lanthanoids and actinoids. (1)
iii. Complete the equation and balance: (2)

Cr2 O
2−

7
+ Fe2+ + H+ → ?
OR
Convert sodium chromate to sodium dichromate. Give chemical equation. (2)
2Na2CrO4 + H2SO4 (conc.) → ?

30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Raoult's law for volatile liquids states that the partial vapour pressure of each component in the solution is
directly proportional to its mole fraction, whereas for a non-volatile solute, it states that the vapour pressure of a
solution of a non-volatile solute is equal to the vapour pressure of the pure solvent at that temperature multiplied
by its mole fraction. Two liquids A and B are mixed with each other to form a solution, the vapour phase
consists of both components of the solution. Once the components in the solution have reached equilibrium, the
total vapour pressure of the solution can be determined by combining Raoult's law with Dalton's law of partial
pressures. If a non-volatile solute B is dissolved into a solvent A to form a solution, the vapour pressure of the
solution will be lower than that of the pure solvent. The solutions which obey Raoult's law over the entire range
of concentration are ideal solutions, whereas the solutions for which vapour pressure is either higher or lower

Page 5 of 15
 than that predicted by Raoult's law are called non-ideal solutions. Non-ideal solutions are identified by
determining the strength of the intermolecular forces between the different molecules in that particular solution.
They can either show positive or negative deviation from Raoult's law depending on whether the A - B
interactions in solution are stronger or weaker than A - A and B - B interactions.
i. 20 mL of a liquid A was mixed with 20 mL of liquid B. The volume of resulting solution was found to be
less than 40 mL. What do you conclude from the above data? (1)
ii. Which of the following show positive deviation from Raoult's law? Carbon disulphide and Acetone; Phenol
and Aniline; Ethanol and Acetone. (1)
iii. The vapour pressure of a solution of glucose in water is 750 mm Hg at 100oC. Calculate the mole fraction of
solute. (2)
(Vapour pressure of water at 373 K = 760 mm Hg)
OR
The boiling point of solution increases when 1 mol of NaCl is added to 1 litre of water while addition of 1
mol of methanol to one litre of water decreases its boiling point. Explain the above observations. (2)
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following: [5]
(a) What type of protein is present in keratin? [1]
(b) Write the reactions showing the presence of following in the open structure of glucose: [1]
i. an aldehyde group
ii. a primary alcohol
(c) What products would be formed when a nucleotide from DNA containing thymine is hydrolysed? [1]
(d) Amino acids show amphoteric behaviour. Why? [1]
(e) What are α Amino Acids? Give examples. [1]
(f) a. How can you explain the absence of an aldehyde group in the pentaacetate of D-glucose? [1]
b. Name the bases present in RNA. Which one of these is not present in DNA?
(g) Which monosaccharide units are present in starch, cellulose and glycogen and which linkages link [1]
these units?

32. Explain on the basis of valence bond theory that [Ni(CN)4]2- ion with square planar structure is diamagnetic and [5]

the [NiCl4]2- ion with tetrahedral geometry is paramagnetic.

OR
Draw the structures of optical isomers of:

i. [Cr(C2O4)3]3-

ii. [PtCl2(en)2]2+

iii. [Cr(NH3)2Cl2(en)]+

33. I. Show how p-aminoazobenzene can be obtained from aniline. [5]

II. Write structures for the following compounds:
a. Benzene diazonium chloride
b. p-Nitrotoluene
c. SuIphanilic acid

Page 6 of 15
 OR
i. Give reasons:
a. Although – NH2 group is o/p directing in electrophilic substitution reactions, yet aniline, on nitration gives

good yield of m-nitroaniline.

b. (CH3)2 NH is more basic than (CH3)3 N in an aqueous solution.
c. Ammonolysis of alkyl halides is not a good method to prepare pure primary amines.
ii. Distinguish between the following:
a. CH3CH2NH2 and (CH3CH2)2 NH
b. Aniline and CH3NH2

Page 7 of 15
 Solution
Section A
1. (a) C2H5-I
Explanation: For the same alkyl group the boiling points of haloalkanes are in the order of RF < RCl < RBr < RI
as with the increase in size of halogen atom the magnitude of van der Waals forces of attraction increases, resulting in higher
boiling points.
2. (a) H2N.CH2.COOH
Explanation: Amino acids contain amino (–NH2) and carboxyl (–COOH) functional groups.

3.
(c) i, ii, iii
Explanation:
Preparation of phenols from haloarenes: Chlorobenzene is an example of haloarenes which is formed by
monosubstitution of the benzene ring. When chlorobenzene is fused with sodium hydroxide at 623K and 320 atm
sodium phenoxide is produced. Finally, sodium phenoxide on acidification gives phenols.
Preparation of phenols from diazonium salts: When an aromatic primary amine is treated with nitrous (NaNO2 +
HCl) acid at 273 - 278 K, diazonium salts are obtained. These diazonium salts are highly reactive in nature. Upon
warming with water, these diazonium salts finally hydrolyse to phenols. Phenols can also be obtained from diazonium
salts by treating it with dilute acids.
Preparation of phenols from benzene sulphonic acid: Benzenesulphonic acid can be obtained from benzene by
reacting it with oleum. Benzenesulphonic acid thus formed is treated with molten sodium hydroxide at high temperature
which leads to the formation of sodium phenoxide. Finally, sodium phenoxide on acidification gives phenols.

4.
(b) (CH3)2C(OC2H5)(OC2H5)
Explanation: Ketones or aldehydes react with alcohols to form acetals. This reaction of alcohol on aldehydes or ketones
is catalyzed in the presence of acid and is a reversible reaction. Firstly a hemiacetal (CH 3)2C(OH)(OC2H5) is formed which
further reacts with alcohol to give acetal.
+
H

(CH3)2C(OC2H5)(OC2H5) CH3COCH3 + 2C2H5OH ⇄ (CH3)2C(OC2H5)(OC2H5)

5.
(c) quadruple
Explanation: The rate of the reaction is quadruple.
6.
(d) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
Explanation: (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
7.
(d) 1, 4 – dibromobutane
Explanation: Of all the given options, it is possible with 1,4-dibromobutane to form cyclobutane as shown by intramolecular
wurtz reaction.

8.
(b) +3
Explanation: +3

Page 8 of 15
 9. (a) 1200 s
Explanation: rate of first-order = k[R]
−2 −1 −1
rate 0.69× 10 molL min
k = =
−1
[R] 0.2molL
−2 −1
−2 −1 3.45×10 s
k = 3.45 × 10 mi n =
60

now,
0.69 0.69×60
t1 = = = 1200s
/2 k −2
3.45×10

the half-life period is = 1200s

10.
(b) Etard reaction
Explanation: Etard reaction
11.
(d) 3-methylphenol
Explanation:

-OH is a functional group and -CH3 is the substituent.

We start numbering from the side of the main functional group -OH.
IUPAC name: 3-methyl phenol

12.
(d) Benzene sulphonyl chloride
Explanation: Benzene sulphonyl chloride, C6H5SO2Cl2, is called Hinsberg reagent. It is used to distinguish between primary,
secondary and tertiary amines.
13.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: A is true but R is false.
14.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
15. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: (CH3)3-C-O-CH3 is an ether with two different alkyl groups, of which (CH3)3-C-I, tertiary alkyl group, on
reaction with hydrogen halide (HI) forms a tertiary halide.
This occurs as the reaction is an SN1 reaction. The reaction involves the formation of a stable carbocation. If the ether has a
primary alkyl group, then the reaction follows the SN2 mechanism.

16. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Williamson's synthesis is not applicable to tert. alkyl halides because alkoxide ions being both powerful
nucleophiles and bases would bring dehydro-halogenation of the tert. alkyl halides to form alkenes preferentially.
Section B
17. The stability of coordination compound is measured in terms of stability constant.
Thus if we have a reaction of the type
M + 4L ⇌ M L4
[ML4 ]
β4 =
4
[M][L]

18. i. The high energy to transform Cu(s) to Cu2+(aq) is not balanced by its hydration enthalpy.
ii. Mn2+ has d5 configuration (stable half-filled configuration)
iii. d5 to d3 occurs in case of Cr2+ to Cr3+. (More stable t ) while it changes from d6 to d5 in case of Fe2+ to Fe3+.
3
2g

Page 9 of 15
19. Answer the following:
(i) For first order reaction, t 1/2
= 0.693/k

it is provided that t1/2 = 60 min

then, k = 0.693/60 = 0.01386 min-1
(ii) Zero order of reaction.
+

20. K 4 [F e(C N )6 ] ⇔ 4K + [F e(C N )6 ]

4−

∴ Van't Hoff factor (i) = 5, as 5 ions are formed on dissociation.

OR
mass
Density = volume
= 0.996g/cm
3

mass
0.996 = 3
200 cm

M ass = 0.996 × 200 = 199.2 g

mass of volume
Mass% of glucose = mass of water+mass of glucose
× 100

11
= 100 = 5.23%
199.2+11

21. More nucleophilic NH2NH part of H2NNHCONH2 reacts with carbonyl carbon to form semicarbazone:

Section C
+
22. AgCl(s) ⇌ Ag + Cl
−

Ksp = [Ag+][Cl-]

[Cl-] = 1.0 M
ksp −10
+ 1×10 −10
[ Ag ] = = = 1 × 10 M
− 1
[Cl ]

Now, Ag+ + e- ⟶ Ag (s)

θ 0.059 1
E= E − log
1 +
[Ag ]

0.059 1
= 0.80 − log
1 −10
10

= 0.80 - 0.059 × 10 = 0.21 V

23. The initial rate of the reaction is:
Rate = k[A][B] 2

−6 2 −9
−2 2 −1 −1 −1 −2 2 −1
= (2.0 × 10 mo l L s ) (0.1mol L ) (0.2mol L ) = 8.0 × 10 mo l L s

When [A] is reduced from 0.1mol L-1 to 0.06 mol-1, the concentration of A reacted
= (0.1 − 0.06) mol L = 0.004 mol L −1 −1

Therefore, concentration of B reacted = × 0.04 mol L = 0.02mol L 1

2
−1 −1

Then, concentration of B available, [B] = (0.2 − 0.02)mol L −1

= 0.18 mol L-1

After [A] is reduced to 0.06 mol-1, the rate of the reaction is given by,
Rate = k[A][B] 2

= (2.0 × 10
−6
mo l
−2
L s
2 −1
) (0.06mol L
−1
) (0.18 )2
= 3.89 × 10-9 mol-1 L-1s-1
Z nCl2

24. a. (i) C H 3 C H2 C H2 C H2 OH + HC l −−−→ No reaction at room temperature

Butan−1−ol

CH3 CH3

| Z nCl2 |

(ii) C H 3 − C − C H2 − C H3 + HC l −−−→ C H3 − C − C H2 − C H3
| |

OH Cl

2−Methylbu tan −2−ol 2−Chloro−2−methylbutane

Page 10 of 15
 b. (i) C H 3 C H2 C H2 C H2 OH + HBr → C H3 C H2 C H2 C H2 Br + H2 O
1−Bromobu tan e

CH3 CH3

| |

(ii) C H 3 − C − C H2 − C H3 + HBr → C H3 − C − C H2 − C H3 + H2 O
| |

OH Br

2 - Bromo - 2 - methylbutane

c. (i) C H3 − C H2 − C H2 − C H2 OH + SOC l2 → C H3 C H2 C H2 C l + SO2 + HC l

1−Chlorobutane

CH3 CH3

| |

(ii) C H 3 − C − C H2 − C H3 + SOC l2 → C H3 − C − C H2 − C H3 + SO2 + HC l

| |

OH Cl

2−Chloro−2−methylbutane

OR
i. CrO3 or PCC (Pyridinium chlorochromate)
CrO3

RCH2OH −−−→ RCHO

P CC

CH3 - CH = CH - CH2OH −−−→ CH3 - CH = CH - CHO

ii. Ni/H2 or LiAIH4
LiAIH4

C H3 C H2 − C − C H3 −−−−→ C H3 C H2 C H − C H3
|| |

O OH

Butan - 2 - one Butan - 2 - ol

iii. Aqueous bromine or bromine water:

25. i. Acetylation: Acetylation simply involves the addition of an acetyl group to a compound. An acetyl group is made up of a
carbonyl group, or carbon double bonded to oxygen, with a methyl group (-CH3) on the end. The part of the acetyl group
that's attached to the compound is often represented with 'R'.

Example:
P yridine

C H3 C OC l + C H3 C H2 OH −−−−−→ C H3 C OO C2 H5 + HC l
Acetyl chloride ethyl alcohol ethyl acetate

ii. Cannizzaro reaction: Aldehydes which do not have an alpha-hydrogen atom, undergo self oxidation and reduction
(disproportionation) reaction on treatment with concentrated alkali. In this reaction, one molecule of the aldehyde is reduced
to alcohol while another is oxidized to carboxylic acid salt.

iii. Cross aldol condensation: When aldol condensation is carried out between two different aldehydes and / or ketones, it is
called cross aldol condensation. If both of them contain alpha-hydrogen atoms, it gives a mixture of four products. This is

Page 11 of 15
 illustrated below by aldol reaction of a mixture of ethanal and propanal.

iv. Decarboxylation: Carboxylic acids lose carbon dioxide to form hydrocarbon when their sodium salts are heated with soda
lime (NaOH and CaO in the ratio of 3 : 1). This reaction is known as decarboxylation.
N aOH and CaO

R − C OON a −−−−−−−−−→ R − H + N a2 C O3
Heat

26. Zn is oxidized and Ag2O is reduced (as Ag+ions change to Ag)

0 0 0 2+
E = E [Ag2 O/Ag](red) + E [Zn/Zn ](ox)
cell

= 0.344 + 0.76
= 1.104 V
0 0
Δr G = −nF E cell = −2 × 96500 × 1.104J

5
= −2.13 × 10 J

27. i. When n - butyl chloride is treated with alcoholic KOH, the formation of but - 1 - ene takes place. This reaction is a
dehydrohalogenation reaction.
KOH(alc)/Δ

C H3 − C H2 − C H2 − C H2 − C l−−−−−−−−−−−−→C H3 − C H2 − C H = C H2 + K C l + H2 O
n − Butyl chloride (dehydrohalogenation) But−1−ene

ii. When bromobenzene is treated with Mg in the presence of dry ether, (Grignard reagent) phenylmagnesium bromide is formed.

iii. The chlorobenzene does not undergo hydrolysis under normal conditions. However, it undergoes hydrolysis when heated in an
aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 623 K and a pressure of 300 atm form phenol(replacement by
hydroxyl group).

28. Λ =m
1000×K

M
S cm2 mol-1
- S cm2 mol-1
−5

Λm = 1000×5.25×10

−4
2.5×10

= 210 S cm2mol-1
∧ HCOOH = λ
0 ∘ − ∘ +
m HCOO + λ H

= (50.5 + 349.5) S cm2mol-1

= 400 S cm2mol-1
Λm
α = Λ
∘
m
210
α = 400

= 0.525
Section D
29. i. ‘Ce’ shows +4 oxidation state because it has stable noble gas electronic configuration.
ii. i. Both show contraction, lanthanoid and actinoid contraction.

Page 12 of 15
 ii. Both form-coloured ions and undergo f-f transition.

iii. Cr2 O7
2−
+ 6Fe2+ + 14H+ → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O + 6Fe3+
OR
2Na2CrO4 + H2SO4 (conc.) → Na2Cr2O7 + Na2SO4 + H2O
30. i. Solution shows a negative deviation from Raoult’s law / A-A and B-B interactions are weaker than A-B interactions.
ii. Carbon disulphide and acetone, Ethanol and acetone.
iii. According to Raoult’s law:
p1
p1 = p 0
1
x1 or x1 = 0
p
1

x1 = 750

760
= 0.987
x2 = 1 - x1
= 1 - 0.987 = 0.013
OR
NaCl is a non-volatile solute, when it is added to water the vapour pressure decreases and hence boiling point increases.
Methanol is a volatile solute and its addition to water increases the total vapour pressure of the solution and hence boiling
point decreases.
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following:
(i) Fibrous Proteins
(ii) i. An aldehyde group: On reduction with sodium amalgam and water, the aldehydic group is reduced to primary
alcohol.

ii. A primary alcohol: (with nitric acid) On reaction with nitric acid, a primary alcohol group present in glucose is
converted into carboxylic acid (-COOH) group.

(iii)When a nucleotide from the DNA containing thymine is hydrolyzed, thymine β -D-2-deoxyribose and phosphoric acid
are obtained as products.
(iv)Amino acids contain both amino (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) groups, thus they react with both acids and bases.
Hence, amino acids are amphoteric in nature.
(v) Those amino acids in which -NH2 group and -COOH group are attached to same carbon are called α -amino acids. These
are obtained by hydrolysis of proteins. e.g., glycine.
(vi) a. The pentaacetate of glucose does not react with hydroxylamine / HCN / Schiff’s reagent indicating the absence of
free -CHO group.
b. Adenine, Guanine, Uracil and Cytosine Uracil
(vii)In starch α -glucose units are present, in cellulose β -D glucose units are present. In starch and glycogen glycosidic α -
linkage is present between C1-C4 and in cellulose glycosidic β -linkage is present between glucose units.
32. Ni is in the +2 oxidation state i.e., in d8 configuration.

There are 4 CN- ions. Thus, it can either have a tetrahedral geometry or square planar geometry. Since CN- ion is a strong field
ligand, it causes the pairing of unpaired 3d electrons.

Page 13 of 15
 It now undergoes dsp2 hybridization. Since all electrons are paired, it is diamagnetic. In case of [NiCl4]2-, CN- ion is a weak field

ligand. Therefore, it does not lead to the pairing of unpaired 3d electrons. Therefore, it undergoes sp3 hybridization.

Since there are 2 unpaired electrons in this case, it is paramagnetic in nature.

OR
i. ​[Cr(C2O4)3]3-

ii. [PtCl2(en)2]2+

iii. [Cr(NH3)2Cl2(en)]+

33. I. Steps involved in the conversion are given below:

II. a.

b.

c.

OR
i. a. Nitration is carried out in acidic medium. In an acidic medium, aniline is protonated to form the anilinium ion which is
meta directing. That is why besides the ortho and para derivatives, a substantial amount of meta derivative (m-nitroaniline)

Page 14 of 15
 is also formed.
b. (CH3)2NH is a secondary amine and (CH3)3N is a tertiary amine. Tertiary amine due to the presence of three alkyl groups
is more hindered than secondary amine which has only two alkyl groups attached to it. Therefore formation of ammonium
ion is easier in secondary amine than the tertiary amine. Therefore, it makes secondary amine less basic than the tertiary
amine.
c. The ammonolysis of alkyl halide leads to the formation of the mixture of primary, secondary and tertiary amine along with
the formation of quaternary salt. It is very difficult to separate pure primary amine from this mixture.

Test CH3CH2NH2 (CH3CH2)2NH

ii. a.
Carbylamine test (add chloroform and alcoholic KOH to Forms a foul-smelling No reaction take place
both the compounds separately in a test tube) compound (gives positive test) (gives negative test)

Azo dye Test Aniline Methyl Amine (CH3NH2)

b.
Add a small amount of nitrous acid with Forms a yellow coloured dye (gives No dye is formed(gives negative
aq. HCl positive test) test)

Page 15 of 15
 Class XII Session 2024-25
Subject - Chemistry
Sample Question Paper - 9

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions carefully.

1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.

2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.

3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.

4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.

5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.

6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.

7. All questions are compulsory.

8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. Which one of the following is a synthetic halogen compound? [1]

a) Chloramphenicol b) Diphenyl hydramine

c) Chloroquine d) Omeprazole
2. On hydrolysis, which of the following carbohydrates gives glucose and fructose? [1]

a) Starch b) Maltose

c) Lactose d) Sucrose
3. The major product of acid catalysed dehydration of 1-methylcyclohexanol is: [1]

a) 1-methylenecyclohexane b) 1-methylcyclohexene

c) 1-methylcyclohexane d) 1-cyclohexylmethanol
4. Give the products of the reaction [1]
+ 2+
H3 O ,H g

P hC ≡ C M e −−−−−−−→?

a) PhCH2CH2CHO b) PhCOCH2CH3

c) PhCOCOMe d) PhCH2COCH3

5. A reaction follows second order kinetics. How is the rate of reaction affected if the concentration of the reactant [1]
is reduced to half? Choose the correct value from the following:

a) four times b) 1

4
of the original value

c) three times d) eight times

Page 1 of 15
 6. Match the types of solutions given Column I to the examples given in Column II. [1]

Column I Column II

(a) Solution of gas in gas (i) Brass

(b) Solution of solid in solid (ii) Air

(c) Solution of liquid in gas (iii) Zinc amalgam

(d) Solution of liquid in solid (iv) Chloroform in Nitrogen

a) (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii) b) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)

c) (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv) d) (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)
7. Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling points? [1]

a) CH3CH2CH2Cl b) CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl

c) (CH3)3Cl d) CH3CH(CH3)CH2Cl

8. Interstitial compounds are formed when small atoms are trapped inside the crystal lattice of metals. Which of the [1]
following is not the characteristic property of interstitial compounds?

a) They retain metallic conductivity. b) They have high melting points in

comparison to pure metals.

c) They are chemically very reactive. d) They are very hard.

9. Rate of reaction does not remain constant throughout because [1]

a) The density of reactants keep on changing b) Concentration of reactants keep on changing

c) Volume of reactants keep on changing d) Temperature of reactants keep on changing

10. Iodoform test is given by [1]

a) Ethanoic acid b) Pentan-3-one

c) Methoxymethane d) Pentan-2-one
11. The reaction C2H5ONa + C2H5I → C2H5OC2H5 + NaI is known as: [1]

a) Williamson's synthesis b) Grignard's synthesis

c) Wurtz's synthesis d) Kolbe's synthesis

12. Aniline reacts with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at 273-278K to give: [1]

a) Chlorobenzene b) Benzene diazonium chloride

c) o-chloroaniline d) Benzene
13. Assertion (A): At isoelectric point, the amino group does not migrate under the influence of electric field. [1]
Reason (R): At isoelectric point, amino acid exists as a zwitterion.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

14. Assertion (A): Halogen acids do not add on to carbonyl bond. [1]
Reason (R): Addition depends upon the polarisation of HX and carbonyl bond.

Page 2 of 15
 a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

15. Assertion (A): In comparison to ethyl chloride it is difficult to carry out nucleophilic substitution on vinyl [1]
chloride.
Reason (R): Vinyl group is electron-donating.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

16. Assertion (A): Ortho-nitrophenol is more acidic than phenol. [1]
Reason (R): Nitro group is electron donating group and therefore stabilizes ortho-nitrophenoxide ion.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
17. Complete the following reactions: [2]
Alc. KOH HBr

a. CH 3
CH2 CH2 Br −−−−−→ (A) −−→ (B)
△

b.

18. Transition metals can act as catalysts because these can change their oxidation state. How does Fe(III) catalyze [2]
the reaction between iodide and persulphate ions?
19. Answer the following: [2]
(a) Give two examples of non-chemical process which obeys the first order kinetics. [1]
(b) The following results have been obtained during the kinetic studies for the reaction: [1]
P + 2Q → R + 2S

Initial Initial Q
Exp. Init. Rate of Formation of R(M min-1)
P(mol/L) (mol/L)

1 0.10 0.10 3.0 × 10-4

2 0.30 0.30 9.0 × 10-4

3 0.10 0.30 3.0 × 10-4

4 0.20 0.40 6.0 × 10-4

Determine the rate law expression for the reaction.

20. A person suffering from high blood pressure should take less common salt, why? [2]
OR
Define the terms: Van't Hoff factor
21. What happens when calcium ethanoate is dry distilled? [2]
Section C

Page 3 of 15
22. What is the difference between Galvanic cell (Electrochemical cell) and Electrolytic cell. [3]
23. i. Define rate constant of reaction. [3]
ii. A first order reaction takes 40 mins for 30% decomposition. Calculate t½.

24. While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be [3]
steam volatile. Give reason.
OR
Give the structures and IUPAC names of the products expected from the following reactions:
a. Catalytic reduction of butanol.
b. Hydration of propene in the presence of dilute sulphuric acid.
c. Reaction of propanone with methyl magnesium bromide followed by hydrolysis.
25. Write the major products in the following: [3]
i.

ii.

iii.
N H2 OH

C H3 − C = O −−−−−→
|

26. Calculate the emf of the following cell at 25°C. [3]

2+ +
Fe |Fe (0.001M)∥H (0.01M) |H2 (g)(1 bar )|Pt(s)

Given that, E o

Fe
2+
/F e
= -0.44 V; E H
o
+
/H2
= 0.00 V
27. What are ambident nucleophiles? Explain with an example. [3]
28. Explain with examples the terms weak and strong electrolytes. [3]
Section D
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The d-block of the periodic table contains the elements of the groups 3 to 12 and are known as transition
elements. In general, the electronic configuration of these elements is (n - 1)d1-10 ns1-2. The d-orbitals of the
penultimate energy level in their atoms receive electrons giving rise to the three rows of the transition metals i.e.
3d, 4d and 5d series. However, Zn, Cd and Hg are not regarded as transition elements. Transition elements
exhibit certain characteristic properties like variable oxidation stables, complex formation, formation of coloured
ions, alloys, catalytic activity etc. Transition metals are hard (except Zn, Cd and Hg) and have a high melting
point.
i. Why are Zn, Cd and Hg non-transition elements? (1)
ii. Which transition metal of 3d series does not show variable oxidation state? (1)
iii. Why do transition metals and their compounds show catalytic activity? (2)
OR
Why are melting points of transition metals high? (2)
30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Raoult's law states that for a solution of volatile liquids, the partial vapour pressure of each component of the

Page 4 of 15
 solution is directly proportional to its mole fraction present in solution. Dalton's law of partial pressure states
that the total pressure (Ptotal) over the solution phase in the container will be the sum of the partial pressures of
the components of the solution and is given as: Ptotal = P1 + P2

i. Is the above-mentioned Raoult's law applicable for non-volatile liquids? (1)

ii. What type of deviation from Raoult's law does the above graph represent? (1)
iii. Give an example of such system. (2)
OR
A solution of two liquids boils at a temperature more than the boiling point of either of them. What type of
deviation will be shown by the solution formed in terms of Raoult's law? (2)
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following: [5]
(a) Why are polysaccharides considered non-sugars? [1]
(b) What is meant by invert sugars? [1]
(c) Write the name of the component of starch which is water-soluble. [1]
(d) Write the products obtained after hydrolysis of DNA. [1]
(e) Name the deficiency disease resulting from lack of vitamin A and E in the diet. [1]
(f) Which vitamin is linked with anti-sterility? [1]
(g) a. What is the difference between a nucleoside and nucleotide? [1]
b. What products would be formed when a nucleotide from DNA containing thymine is hydrolysed?
32. Write down the IUPAC name for each of the following complexes and indicate the oxidation state, electronic [5]
configuration, and coordination number. Also, give stereochemistry and magnetic moment of the complex:
a. K[Cr(H2O)2}(C2O4)2].3H2O
b. [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2
c. CrCl3(py)3
d. Cs[FeCl4]
e. K4[Mn(CN)6]

OR
Indicate the types of isomerism exhibited by the following complexes and draw the structures for these isomers:
i. k [Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2]
ii. [Co(en)3] Cl3
iii. [Co(NH3)5 (NO2) (NO3)2]

Page 5 of 15
 iv. [Pt(NH3 (H2O) Cl2

33. i. How will you convert: [5]

a. Nitrobenzene to phenol,
b. Aniline to chlorobenzene
ii. Identify the compounds A, B and C in the following reactions:
Br2 H NO2 Re d P

a. A −−−−→ B −−−−→ C −−−−→ C H3

NaOH I2

dil. H NO3 Sn/H C l NaN O2 +H C l

b. A −−−−−−→ B −−−−→ C −−−−−−−−→

Boil

Δ Br2 H NO2

c. A −
→ B−−−→ C −−−−→ C2 H5 OH
KOH

OR
i. Write the structure of main products when aniline reacts with the following reagents :
a. Br2 water
b. HCl
c. (CH3CO)2O/pyridine

ii. Arrange the following in the increasing order of their boiling point: C2H5NH2, C2H5OH, (CH3)3N

iii. Give a simple chemical test to distinguish between the following pair of compounds : (CH3)2NH and (CH3)3N.

Page 6 of 15
 Solution
Section A
1.
(c) Chloroquine
Explanation: Chloroquine is a synthetic halogen compound. It is used for the treatment of malaria.
2.
(d) Sucrose
Explanation: When hydrolyzed sucrose gives two products that is: glucose and fructose.
3.
(b) 1-methylcyclohexene
Explanation: According to Saytzeff rule, i.e., highly substituted alkene is major product. Here dehydration reaction takes
place, alkene is formed due to the removal of a water molecule

4.
(b) PhCOCH2CH3
Explanation: Hydration of given alkyne will occur according to Markovnikoff's rule leading to the formation of enol which
will tautomerise to give keto form.
The general reaction of alkyne hydrations shown below:

Same reaction will occur with

+ 2+
H3 O ,H g

P hC ≡ C M e −−−−−−−→? P hC (OH) = C HC H3 ⇔ P hC OC H2 C H3 .

5.
(b) 1

4
of the original value
1
Explanation: 4
of the original value
6.
(d) (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)
Explanation: (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)
7.
(b) CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl
Explanation: The forces of attraction between the molecules of a compound get stronger as they get bigger in size and have
more electrons. Also, for a straight-chain compound, the points of interaction between the molecules are more than for a
branched compound having the same molecular formula. Thus CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl has the highest melting point since it is the
longest chain compound among the given options.
8.
(c) They are chemically very reactive.
Explanation: Interstitial compounds are chemically inert not reactive.
9.
(b) Concentration of reactants keep on changing

Page 7 of 15
 Explanation: Rate of reaction is dependent on the concentration of reactants if the concentration of reactants change then the
rate of reaction become non-uniform.
10.
(d) Pentan-2-one
Explanation: Pentan-2-one
11. (a) Williamson's synthesis
Explanation: Williamson’s synthesis: When an alkyl halide reacts with sodium alkoxide, ether is formed. This reaction is
known as Williamson’s synthesis. The reaction generally follows the SN2 mechanism for primary alcohols.
+
′ ¨ ¨ ′
R − X + R − ON a → R − O − R + N a X
⋅⋅ ⋅⋅

′
W illiamso n s synthesis

12.
(b) Benzene diazonium chloride
Explanation: Benzene diazonium chloride
13. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
14. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The high degree of polarity in HX as well as in carbonyl bond shows the easy addition of HX on carbonyl bond
but as soon as the addition products are formed, the products loses HX to show the backward reaction.
15.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: CH2​=CH−Cl has some partial double bond character between carbon and a chlorine atom. So, nucleophilic
substitution is difficult to carry as it is difficult to break the partial double bond in vinyl chloride than ethyl chloride CH3​CH2​
−Cl where there is no double bond character.
The vinyl group is not electron-donating. The carbon halogen bond in vinyl halides has some double-bond character and thus a
little difficult to break.
16.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: A is true but R is false.
Section B
17. Compound
a. (A) = CH3-CH=CH2,

(B) =

b. (A) = CH3 − C H − CH3 , (B) = CH3 − CH − CH3 , (B) = CH3 − CH − CH3

| | |

OH Cl
CH3 −CH− CH3

18. Transition metals can act as catalysts because these can change their oxidation state. The reaction between iodide and persulphate
ions catalyzes by Fe is as follows:
Fe(III)
− 2− 2−
2I + S2 O8 −−−−→ I2 + 2SO4

Role of Fe(III) ions:

2Fe3+ + 2I- ⟶ 2Fe2+ + I2
2+ 2− 3+ 2−
2Fe + S2 O ⟶ 2Fe + 2SO
8 4

19. Answer the following:

(i) i. Rate of growth of population, if there is no change of birth and death rates.
ii. Radioactive decay in which the number of nuclei disintegrating is proportional to the number of nuclei present.
(ii) Let the rate law expression be rate = k[P]x [Q]y from the table we know that

Rate 1 = 3.0 × 10-4 = k (0.10)x (0.10)y

Rate 2 = 9.0 × 10-4 = k(0.30)x (0.30)y

Page 8 of 15
 Rate 3 = 3.0 × 10-4 = k (0.10)x (0.30)y
Rate1

Rate3
= ( ) or 1 = ( )
1

3
y 1

3
y

So y = 0
= (3)x or 3 =(3)y
Rate 2

Rate 3

So x = 1
Rate = k [P]
20. Common salt contains Na+ and Cl- which increase osmotic pressure of blood, therefore increase blood pressure. So an increase in
salt intake retains the fluids which raises the blood pressure by increasing the blood volume and can increase the work load on the
heart.
OR
Van't Hoff factor: Van't hoff factor 'i' is a correction factor defined as the ratio between the actual concentration of particles
produced when the substance is dissolved and the concentration of a substance as calculated from its mass.
Observed value of colligative property
i =
Normal value of colligative property

21. Calcium ethanoate on dry distillation gives propanone.

Section C

22. Electrochemical cell Electrolytic cell

(1) It is a device to convert chemical energy into

(1) It is a device to convert electrical energy into chemical energy.
electrical energy.

(2) It is based upon the redox reaction which is (2) The redox reaction is non-spontaneous and takes place only when
spontaneous. electric energy is supplied.

(3) To set up this cell, a salt bridge or porous pot is

(3) No salt bridge is used in this case.
used.

23. i. Rate constant : It is the rate of chemical reaction when the concentration of reactant taken as unity at a given temperature.
ii. Let initial conc. = a
a×30
conc. after 40 mins. = a − 100

= 0.70 a
[A]
2.303 0
K = log
t [A]

2.303 a
= log
40 0.70a
2.303 1
= log
40 0.70
2.303
= × 0.1549
40

−3 −1
= 8.92 × 10 min
0.693
t1/2 =
K
0.693
=
−3
8.92×10

= 77.7 min
24. Intramolecular H-bonding is present in o-nitrophenol. In p-nitrophenol, the molecules are strongly associated due to the presence
of intermolecular bonding. Hence, o-nitrophenol is steam volatile.

OR
a. C H 3 − C H2 − C H2 C H2 − OH
Butan - 1 - ol

Page 9 of 15
 b. C H 3 − C H − C H3
|

OH

Propan - 2 - ol

CH3

c. C H 3 − C − OH
|

CH3

2−Methylpropan−2−ol

25. i.

(m-Nitrobenzaldehyde)

ii.

(Cyclohexane)

iii.

(Ethanal oxime)

26. At anode, Fe(s) → Fe2+(aq) + 2e-

At cathode, [H+ (aq) + e- → 1

2
H2(g)] × 2
Overall reaction:
Fe(s) + 2H+(aq) → Fe2+(aq) + H2(g)
Given, E o

Fe
2+
/Fe
= -0.44 V and E o

H
+
/H2
= 0.00 V

Eo(cell) = Eo(cathode) - Eo(anode) = [0.00- (-0.44)] = 0.44V

Now, Applying Nernst equation:
2+
[F e ] −3
0.00591 0.00591 10
Ecell = E o
cell
- 2
log + 2
= 0.44 - 2
log −2 2
[H ] ( 10 )

= 0.44 - 0.00591

2
= 0.4104 V
27. Ambident nucleophiles are nucleophiles having two nucleophilic sites. Thus, ambident nucleophiles have two sites through which
they can attack.
For example, nitrite ion is an ambident nucleophile.
− ¨
[ O − N = O]

Nitrite ion can attack through oxygen resulting in the formation of alkyl nitrites. Also, it can attack through nitrogen resulting in
the formation of nitroalkanes.

28. Weak electrolytes: Weak electrolytes are those which do not dissociate into ions completely in aqueous solution e.g. CH3COOH
Strong electrolytes : Strong electrolytes are those which dissociate into ions completely in aqueous solution e.g. NaCl
Section D
29. i. It is because neither they nor their ions have incompletely filled d-orbitals.
ii. Scandium (Sc) and Zinc (Zn).
iii. It is because they show variable oxidation state, can form intermediate complexes and have large surface area for adsorption
of gases.
OR
It is due to strong interatomic forces of attraction due to presence of unpaired electrons.
30. i. KCl in a kg of water would be expected to increase the boiling point by 2 × 0.52 K = 1.04 K. This could led us to conclude
that mass of 2 moles of particles is 74.5 g hence mass of 1 mole of KCl would be 37.25 g. Hence, in case of KCl where
dissociation occurs experimentally determined molar mass is always lower than true value.

Page 10 of 15
 ii. Negative Deviation.
iii. A liquid mixture consisting of 20 % acetone and 80%. chloroform by mass.
OR
Negative Deviation.
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following:
(i) Polysaccharides are not sweet in taste & hence are called non-sugars.
(ii) Hydrolysis of sucrose brings about a change in sign of rotation from dextro (+) to laevo (-) and hence, it is known as
invert sugar.
(iii)The component of starch which is water-soluble - Amylose.
(iv)Hydrolysis of DNA gives 2-deoxyribose, nitrogen containing heterocyclic base( Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and
Thymine), phosphoric acid.
(v) Deficiency of A cause Xerophthalmia and E causes muscular weakness.
(vi)Vitamin E.
(vii) a. Nucleoside → Nitrogenous base + Sugar whereas
Nucleotide → Nitrogenous base + Sugar + Phosphate group.
b. Thymine base, 2-Deoxyribose sugar, and a Phosphoric acid.
32. a. K[Cr(H2O)2}(C2O4)2].3H2O
The IUPAC name = Potassium diaquadioxalatochromate (III) trihydrate.
The Oxidation state of chromium = 3
Electronic configuration: 3d : t
3
2g
3

Coordination number od compound = 6

Shape: octahedral
Stereochemistry:

−−−−−−−
Magnetic moment,μ = √n (n + 2)
−− −−−−−
= √3 (3 + 2)
−−
= √15 ∼ 3.87BM

Page 11 of 15
b. [C o(N H ) C l] C l3 5 2

The IUPAC name: Pentaamminechloridocobalt(III) chloride

The oxidation state of Co = +3
Coordination number of compound = 6
Shape: octahedral.
Electronic configuration:
6 6
d : t2g

Stereochemistry:

Magnetic Moment = 0
c. CrCl3(py)3
The IUPAC name: Trichloridotripyridinechromium (III)
The oxidation state of chromium = +3
Electronic configuration ford = t 3
2g
3

Coordination number of compound = 6

Shape: octahedral.
Stereochemistry:

Both isomers are optically active. Therefore, a total of 4 isomers exist. Magnetic moment,
−−−−−− − −− −−−−−
μ = √n (n + 2) = √3 (3 + 2)
−−
= √15 ∼ 3.87BM

d. C s [F eC l ] 4

The IUPAC name : Caesium tetrachloroferrate (III)

The oxidation state of Fe = +3
Electronic configuration of d = e t 6
g
2
2g
3

Coordination number of compound = 4

Shape: tetrahedral
Stereochemistry: optically inactive
Magnetic moment:
−−−−−− − −− −−−−−
μ = √n (n + 2) = √5 (5 + 2)
−−
= √35 ∼ 6BM

e. K4[Mn(CN)6]
The IUPAC name = Potassium hexacyanomanganate (II)
The oxidation state of manganese = +2
Electronic configuration:d : t 5+
2g
5

Coordination number of compound = 6

Page 12 of 15
 Shape: octahedral.
−−−−−− −
Stereochemistry: optically inactive Magnetic moment,μ = √n (n + 2)
−− −−−−− –
= √1 (1 + 2) = √3

= 1.732
OR
i. Both geometrical (cis-, trans-) isomers for k [Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2] can exist. Also, optical isomers for cis-isomer exist.

Trans-isomer is optically inactive. On the other hand, cis-isomer is optically active.

ii. Two optical isomers for [Co(en)3]Cl3 exist.

Two optical isomers are possible for this structure.

iii. [C O (N H
3 )5 (N O2 )] (N O3 )
2
[Co(NH3)5 (NO2) (NO3)2] A pair of optical isomers:

It can also show linkage isomerism. [Co(NH3)5 (NO2) (NO3)2] and [CO(NH3)5 (ONO)] (NO3)2 It can also show ionization
isomerism. [Co(NH3)5 (NO2) (NO3)2] [CO(NH3)5 (NO3)] (NO3) (NO2)
iv. Geometrical (cis-, trans-) isomers of [Pt (NH3 (H2O) Cl2 can exist.

33. i. Steps involved in the conversions are given below:

a.

Page 13 of 15
 b.

ii. A, B and C are identified as under:

Br2 HN O2 P /I2

a. C H 3 C ON H2 −−−−→ C H3 N H2 −−−−→ C H3 O H −
− −
→ C H3 I
′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′
A N aOH B C Iodomethane

Ethanamide Methana min e Methaonol

b.

Heat Br2 HN O2

c. C H 3 C H2 C OON H4 −−−→ C H3 C H2 C ON H2 −−−→ C H3 C H2 N H2 −−−−→ C H3 C H2 OH

′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′
A B KOH C Ethanol

A min ophenol Pr opana mi de Pr opana min e

OR
i. a.

b.

c.

ii. Increasing order of boiling point (CH3)3N < C2H5NH2 < C2H5OH Alcohols have a higher boiling point as compared to that of
amines because oxygen being more electronegative forms stronger hydrogen bond as compared to that of nitrogen. In tertiary
amine, there is no hydrogen bond formation due to the absence of H-atoms and hence, has the lowest boiling point.
iii. (CH3)2NH and (CH3)3N are secondary and tertiary amines respectively. These are distinguished by Hinsberg's reagent which
gives sulphonamide with secondary amines and no reaction with tertiary amines. (CH3)2NH reacts with benzene sulphonyl

Page 14 of 15
chloride to give N, N-dimethyl benzene sulphonamide, which is insoluble in alkali. The reaction is as follows:

Page 15 of 15
 Class XII Session 2024-25
Subject - Chemistry
Sample Question Paper - 10

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions carefully.

1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.

2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.

3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.

4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.

5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.

6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.

7. All questions are compulsory.

8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. Chlorobenzene is formed by the reaction of chlorine with benzene in the presence of AlCl3. Which of the [1]
following species attacks the benzene ring in this reaction?

a) AlCl3 b) [AlCl ]–
4

c) Cl+ d) Cl-

2. Which of the following reactions of glucose can be explained only by its cyclic structure? [1]

a) Glucose is oxidised by nitric acid to b) Pentaacetate of glucose does not react with
gluconic acid. hydroxylamine.

c) Glucose reacts with hydroxylamine to form d) Glucose forms pentaacetate.

an oxime.
3. CH3CONH2 on reaction with NaOH and Br2 in alcoholic medium gives: [1]

a) CH3NH2 b) CH3CH2NH2

c) CH3COONa d) CH3CH2Br

4. The compound which forms acetaldehyde when heated with dilute NaOH is: [1]

a) 1, 2 dichloroethane b) 1, 1, 1 trichloroethane

c) 1 chloroethane d) 1, 1 dichloroethane
5. The reaction A → B is a second order process when the initial concentration of A is 0.50 M, the half life is 8.0 [1]
minutes. What is the half life if the initial concentration of A is 0.10 M?

Page 1 of 15
 a) 40.0 minutes b) 1.6 minutes

c) 8.0 minutes d) 16.0 minutes

6. Match the items given in column I with that in column II: [1]

Column I Column II

(a) Urea (i) i < 1

(b) FeCl3 (ii) i = 1

(c) Benzoic acid in Benzene (iii) i = 2

(d) MgSO4 (iv) i = 4

a) (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv) b) (a) - (iv), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (i)

c) (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv) d) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
7. Which is the correct IUPAC name for C H 3 − CH − C H2 − Br ? [1]
|

C2 H5

a) 1-Bromo-2-ethyl-2-methylethane b) 1-Bromo-2-methylbutane

c) 2-Methyl-1-bromobutane d) 1-Bromo-2-ethylpropane
8. Silver ornaments turn black by the presence of which gas in the atmosphere? [1]

a) H2S b) O2

c) Cl2 d) N2

9. The following experimental rate data were obtained for a reaction carried out at 25oC: [1]
A(g) + B(g) → C(g) + D(g)

Initial [A(g)]/mol dm-3 Initial [B(g)]/mol dm-3 Initial rate/mol dm-3s-1

3.0 × 10-2 2.0 × 10-2 1.89 × 10-4

3.0 × 10-2 4.0 × 10-2 1.89 × 10-4

6.0 × 10-2 4.0 × 10-2 7.56 × 10-4

What are the orders with respect to A(g) and B(g)?

a) Order with respect to A(g) - Second b) Order with respect to A(g) - Zero
Order with respect to B(g) - First Order with respect to B(g) - Second

c) Order with respect to A(g) - First d) Order with respect to A(g) - Second
Order with respect to B(g) - Zero Order with respect to B(g) - Zero

10. The reduction of ethanenitrile with sodium and alcohol gives: [1]

a) 1-aminoethane b) Ethanamide

c) 1-aminopropane d) Ethanoic acid

11. Williamson's synthesis is used for the preparation of [1]

Page 2 of 15
 a) aldehydes b) ethers

c) alkyl halides d) alcohols

12. Aniline does not undergo Friedel – Crafts reaction because: [1]

a) Anilium ion deactivates any further reaction b) Aluminium chloride reacts with Aniline

c) All of these d) AlCl3 act as a catalyst

13. Assertion (A): Cellulose can be easily converted into fibres. [1]
Reason (R): Cotton contains about 90% cellulose.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

14. Assertion (A): Aldehydes and ketones show condensation reactions. [1]
Reason (R): The hydrogen atoms attached to α-carbon of aldehydes and ketones are reactive.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

15. Assertion (A): Ammonolysis of alkyl halides is not a suitable method for the preparation of pure primary [1]
amines.
Reason (R): Ammonolysis of alkyl halides yields mainly secondary amines.

a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
and Reason (R) is not the correct but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of the Assertion (A). explanation of the Assertion (A).

c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is
false. true.
16. Assertion (A): Dehydration of glycerol with KHSO4 gives acrolein. [1]
Reason (R): Acrolein is an α, β -unsaturated aldehyde.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
17. Name the type of isomerism when ambidentate ligands are attached to the central metal ion. Give two examples [2]
of ambidentate ligands.
18. Transition elements show high melting points. Why? [2]
19. Answer the following: [2]
(a) A reaction is 50% complete in 2 hours and 75% complete in 4 hours. What is the order of the [1]
reaction?
(b) For which type of reactions, order and molecularity have the same value? [1]
20. Based on solute-solvent interactions, arrange the following in order of increasing solubility in n-octane and [2]
explain. Cyclohexane, KCl, CH3OH, CH3CN.

Page 3 of 15
 OR
What happens when
i. a pressure greater than osmotic pressure is applied on the solution side separated from solvent by a
semipermeable membrane?
ii. acetone is added to pure ethanol?
21. Write the structures of A, B, C, D and E in the following reactions. [2]

Section C
22. Zinc rod is dipped in 0.1 M solution of ZnSO4 [3]

The salt is 95% dissociated at is dilution at 298 K . Calculate the electrode potential. Given:

E0(Zn2+/Zn) = -0.76
23. The following results have been obtained during the kinetic studies of the reaction. [3]
2A + B → C + D

Experiment [A]/mol L-1 [B]/mol L-1 Initial rate of formation of D/mol L-1 min-1

I 0.1 0.1 6.0 × 10-3

II 0.3 0.2 7.2 × 10-2

III 0.3 0.4 2.88 × 10-1

IV 0.4 0.1 2.40 × 10-2

Determine the rate law and the rate constant for the reaction.
24. Give structures of the products you would except when each of the following alcohols [3]
i. Butan-1-ol
ii. 2-Methylbutan-2-ol react with
a. HCl - ZnCl2

b. HBr and
c. SOCl2

OR
Explain how does the - OH group attached to a carbon of benzene ring activate it towards electrophilic substitution?
25. Draw structures of the following derivatives: [3]
i. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazone of benzaldehyde
ii. Cyclopropanone oxime
iii. Acetaldehydedimethylacetal
26. Calculate the e.m.f at 25°c for the following cell: [3]
2+ 2+
N i(s)|N i (0.01M ) ||C u (0.1M ) |C u(s)

Given: E0Ni+2/Ni = - 0.25 V

Page 4 of 15
 0
E 2+
= +0.34V
Cu /C u

[1F = 96,500 Cmol-1]. Calculate the maximum work that can be accomplished by the operation of this cell
[3]
27. a. Out of and , which one is more reactive towards SN2 reaction and

why?

b. Out of and , which one is more reactive towards nucleophilic

substitution reaction and why?

c. Out of and , which one is optically active and why?

28. Calculate the emf of the following cell at 298 K. [3]

2Cr(s) + 3Fe2+(0.1M) → 2Cr3+(0.01M) + 3Fe(s)
Given, E o

cr
3+
/cr
=-0.74V, E
Fe
o
2+
/F e
= -0.44 V
Section D
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The unique behaviour of Cu, having a positive E° accounts for its inability to liberate H2 from acids. Only
oxidising acids (nitric and hot concentrated sulphuric) react with Cu, the acids being reduced. The stability of the

half-filled d sub-shell in Mn2+ and the completely filled d10 configuration in Zn2+ are related to their E° values,
whereas E° for Ni is related to the highest negative Δ hyd H°. An examination of the E
(M
o
3+
/M
2+
)
values the low

value for Sc reflects the stability of Sc3+ which has a noble gas configuration. The comparatively high value for

Mn shows that Mn2+(d5) is particularly stable, whereas a comparatively low value for Fe shows the extra

stability of Fe3+ (d5). The comparatively low value for V is related to the stability of V2+ (half-filled t2g level).

i. Why Zn has high value for M3+/M2+ Standard Electrode Potentials? (1)
ii. Transition metals, despite high E° oxidation, are poor reducing agents. Justify. (1)
iii. Why is Cr2+ reducing and Mn3+ oxidising when both Cr and Mn have d4 configuration? (2)
OR
Why Cu2+ is more stable than Cu+? (2)
30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Vapour pressure of a liquid or a solution is the pressure exerted by the vapour in equilibrium with the liquid or
solution at a particular temperature. It depends upon the nature of the liquid and temperature. The non-volatile
solute in solution reduces the escaping tendency of the solvent molecules in the vapour phase because some of

Page 5 of 15
 the solute particles occupy the positions of the solvent molecules on the liquid surface. The relative lowering of
the vapour pressure of a solution containing a non-volatile solute is equal to the mole fraction of the solute in the
solution. This is also known as Raoult's law. However, for solutions of volatile solutes, the vapour pressure of a
component in a solution at a given temperature is equal to the mole fraction of that component in the solution
multiplied by the vapour pressure of that pure component. The solutions in which each component obeys
Raoult's law is called an ideal solution. For ideal solutions ΔH mixing and ΔVmixing are also zero. Practically no
solution is ideal. A non-ideal solution is that solution in which solute and solvent molecules interact with one
another with a different force than the forces of interaction between the molecules of the pure components.
There are two types of non-ideal solutions, showing positive deviations and negative deviations from ideal
behaviour. If for the two components A and B, the forces of interaction between A and B molecules are less than
the A-A and B-B interactions, the non-ideal solutions have positive deviations. On the other hand, if the forces
of interaction between A and B molecules are more than the A-A and B-B interactions, the non-ideal solutions
have negative deviations.
i. What is the mole fraction of A in solution obeying result's low if the vapour pressure of a pure liquid A is 40
mm of Hg at 300 K. The vapour pressure of this liquid in solution with liquid B is 32 mm of Hg? (1)
ii. Vapour pressure of a solution of heptane & octane is given by the equation: (1)
P(sol.)(mm Hg) = 35 + 65x, where x is the mole fraction of heptane. Calculate the vapour pressure of pure
octane. (2)
iii. What is the value of ΔVmixing and ΔHmixing for non-ideal solution showing negative deviation?

OR
Acetic acid + pyridine, the mixture is an example of which type of solution? (2)
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following: [5]
(a) Which sugar is present in milk ? [1]
(b) Why must vitamin C be supplied regularly in diet? [1]
(c) What type of substance is phenylanine hydroxylate? Write its importance. [1]
(d) Define denaturation of protein. What is the effect of denaturation on the structure of protein? [1]
(e) Name the linkage connecting monosaccharide units in polysaccharides. [1]
(f) How do you explain the presence of all six carbon atoms in glucose in a straight chain? [1]
(g) Write the reactions showing the presence of following in the open structure of glucose: [1]
i. a carbonyl group
ii. chain with six carbon atoms

32. a. Amongst the following, the most stable complex is: [5]

i. [Fe(H2O)6]3+

ii. [Fe(NH3)6]3+

iii. [Fe(C2O4)3]3-

iv. [FeCl6]3+

b. What will be the correct order for the wavelength of absorption in the visible region for the following:
[Ni(NO2)6]4-, [Ni(NH3)6]2+, [Ni(H2O)6]2+

OR

Page 6 of 15
 FeSO4 solution mixed with (NH4)2SO4 solution in 1:1 molar ratio gives the test of Fe2+ ion but CuSO4 solution

mixed with aqueous ammonia in 1:4 molar ratio does not give the test of Cu2+ ion. Explain why?
33. State the reactions and reaction conditions for the following conversions : [5]
i. Benzene diazonium chloride to nitrobenzene.
ii. Aniline to benzene diazonium chloride.
iii. Ethylamine to methylamine.
OR
i. Tert-Butylamine cannot be prepared by the action of NH3 on tert-butyl bromic. Explain why?

ii. Suggest a convenient method for the preparation of tert-butylamine.

Page 7 of 15
 Solution
Section A
1.
(c) Cl+
Explanation:
Aluminum chloride (AlCl​3 ) is a Lewis acid catalyst and works in the same way as FeCl3 does. Benzene(C​6​ H6 )is converted
into chlorobenzene by chlorination of benzene in the presence of AlCl3. The reaction occurs by an electrophilic substitution

reaction. Cl2 forms a coordination complex with AlCl3, forming Cl+AlCl4- complex, which gives a slight positive charge to Cl,

and AlCl4- is negatively charged. This Cl+ then reacts with the aromatic double bond of the benzene ring to form an additional
product, followed by deprotonation to form chlorobenzene and AlCl3 and HCl as the side products.

2.
(b) Pentaacetate of glucose does not react with hydroxylamine.
Explanation: The pentaacetate of glucose does not react with the hydroxylamine indicating the absence of free -CHO group.
This property of the glucose can be explained only by its own cyclic structure.
3. (a) CH3NH2
Explanation: Product formed is CH3NH2

4.
(d) 1, 1 dichloroethane
Explanation: CH3CHCl2 + OH- → CH3CH(OH)2 → CH3CHO + H2O
Gem diols like (CH3CH(OH)2 ) are generally not stable. The 2 -OH group attached to the same C removes H2O and forms
carbonyl compounds.
5. (a) 40.0 minutes
Explanation: For second-order reaction:
t1 [R]
2k /2

t1 = ⇒ k =
/ [R] 2
2

Applying this equation,

′ ′
t1 [R] t 1 [R ]
/ /
2 2
=
2 2
′
t 1 ×0.10
8.0×0.50 /2

=
2 2

′ 8×0.50
t 1 = = 40
/ 0.10
2

6.
(d) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
Explanation: (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
7.
(b) 1-Bromo-2-methylbutane
Explanation: First, we need to identify the longest carbon chain. Once we do that, the actual structure should read CH3—CH2
—CH(CH3)—CH2—Br. –Br, the functional halide group is attached to the first carbon atom (1- Bromo), so we start the

Page 8 of 15
 numbering from that position. The methyl group branch is bond to the second carbon atom in the chain(2-methyl). The number
of carbons in the unbranched parent chain is four, thus giving the name butane. The IUPAC is named 1-Bromo-2-
methylbutane.
8. (a) H2S
Explanation: Silver ornaments turns black coming in contact with H2S due to formation of Ag2S. The chemical equation for
this change can be represented as given below:
2Ag(s) + H2S(g) → Ag2S(s) + H2(g)

9.
(d) Order with respect to A(g) - Second
Order with respect to B(g) - Zero

Explanation: Order with respect to A(g) - Second

Order with respect to B(g) - Zero

10. (a) 1-aminoethane

Explanation: 1-aminoethane
11.
(b) ethers
Explanation: The Williamson ether synthesis is an organic reaction, forming an ether from an organohalide and deprotonated
alcohol (alkoxide). This reaction was developed by Alexander Williamson in 1850. Typically it involves the reaction of an
alkoxide ion with a primary alkyl halide via an SN2 reaction.

12.
(b) Aluminium chloride reacts with Aniline
Explanation: AlCl3 being a lewis acid reacts with the lone pair of -NH2 group of aniline forming an adduct (C6H5NH2+AlCl3)
which deactivates the benzene system hence no friedal craft reaction occurs.
13.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Cellulose is a linear condensation polymer of β -glucose. Because of linear structure, cellulose can be easily
converted into fibres.
14. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The release of hydrogen from α -carbon of aldehydes or ketones results in the formation of carbanion which is
resonance stabilised. It is called enolate. Enolate ion can act as as a nucleophile and can attack the carbonyl group of the other
molecule, i.e. giving condensation reactions.
15.
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation: The amine formed reacts further with more of alkyl halide to give 2∘ and 3∘ amines and finally quaternary salt
16.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Removal of two molecules of water gives a product which tautomerises to yield acrolein -an α, β -unsaturated
aldehyde.
Section B
17. Linkage isomerism- arises in a coordinated compound containing ambidentate ligand
Examples:

Page 9 of 15
 i.

ii.

18. The high melting points of transition metals are due to strong metallic bonds between the atoms of these elements This is because
of involvements of a greater number of electrons in the interatomic metallic bonding from (n - 1)d orbitals in addition to ns
electrons in the interatomic molecular bonding.
19. Answer the following:
(i) First order.
(ii) Elementary reactions have the same value of order and molecularity because the elementary reaction proceeds in a single
step.
20. n-octane is a non-polar solvent. Therefore, the solubility of a non-polar solute is more than that of a polar solute in the n-octane.
The order of increasing polarity is:
Cyclohexane < C H C N < C H OH < KCl
3 3

Therefore, the order of increasing solubility is:

KCl < C H 3 OH < CH 3 CN < Cyclohexane
OR
i. Reverse osmosis (direction of osmosis is reversed) occurs i.e. net flow of the solvent is from solution to solvent. Hence greater
pressure is applied to the solvent molecules from the solution side would move into the pure solvent through a semipermeable
membrane.
ii. When acetone is added to the ethanol, molecules of acetone get in between the molecules of ethanol and break some of the
hydrogen bond, which weakens the intermolecular attractive forces resulting in an increase in vapor pressure of the mixture
than ethanol in a pure state.

21.

Section C
95
22. [Zn 2+
] = 0.1 ×
100
= 0.095M

2+ −
Zn + 2e → Zn

0 0.0591 1
E(Z n+ /Z n) = E + − log
(Z n /Z n) 2 2+
[Z n ]

0.0591 1
= −0.76V − log
2 0.095
0.0591
= −0.76V − [log 1000 − log 95]
2
0.0591
= −0.76 − [3.000 − 1.9777]
2
0.0591
= −0.76V − × 1.0223
2
0.0604
= −0.76V − = 0.76 − 0.0302
2

= - 0.7902 V
23. From experiments I and IV, it may be noted that [B] is same but [A] has been made four times, the rate of reaction has also
becomes four times. This means w.r.t A
Rate ∝ [A]
From experiments II and III it may be noted that [A] is kept same an [B] has been doubled, the rate of reaction has become four
times. This means w.r.t B,
Rate ∝ [B] 2

Combining (i) and (ii), we get the rate law for the given reaction as:

Page 10 of 15
 2
Rate = k [A] [B]
Thus order w.r.t A = 1
Order w.r.t B = 2
The overall order of the reaction
=1+2=3
The rate constant and its units can be calculated from the data of each experiment using the expression.
rate
k =
2
[A][B]

−1 −1
mol L min
=
−1 −1 2
(mol L )(mol L )

−2 −2 −1
= mol L min

Expt. k = mol −2
L
−2
min
−1

−3
6.0×10
i. 2
= 6.0
0.1×(0.1)

−2

ii. 7.2×10

2
= 6.0
0.3×(0.2)

−1

iii. 2.88×10

2
= 6.0
0.3×(0.4)

−2

iv. 2.4×10

2
= 6.0
0.4×(0.1)

Rate constant k = 6.0 mol −2 −2

L min
−1

24. i. a. With HCl - ZnCl2 (lucas reagent) 2-Methylbutane-2-ol

ii. Being a 3° alcohol, reacts with Lucas reagent to produce turbidity immediately due to the formation of insoluble tert-alkyl
chloride while butane-l-ol (i) being a 1°alcohol does not react with Lucas reagent at room temperature.

a. Both the alcohols react to produce the corresponding alkyl bromides.

b. Both the alcohols react to form the corresponding alkyl chlorides.

OR
The -OH group is an electron-donating group. Thus, it increases the electron density in the benzene ring as shown in the given
resonance structure of phenol.

As a result, the benzene ring is activated towards electrophilic substitution.

Page 11 of 15
25. i.

ii.

iii.

26. Cell reaction is

2+ 2+
N i(s)|N i (0.01M ) ||C u (0.1M ) |C u(s)

At anode : N i(s) → N i (aq) + 2e 2+ −

At cathode: C u (aq) + 2e → C u(s)

2+

Net cell reaction

2+ 2+
N i(s) + C u (aq) → N i (aq) + C u(s)
2+
[N i ]
0 0.0591
Ecell = E − log
cell 2 2+
[C u ]

0.0591 1
= [+0.34V − (−0.25V )] − log
2 10
0.0591
= 0.59V − × −1
2

= 0.59 + 0.0295
= 0.6195V
ΔG = −nEF

= −2 × 0.6195V × 96500C /mol

= -119563.5J/mol
ΔG = −119.5635K J /mol

−ΔG = Wmax = 119.5635K J /mol

27. a.

is more reactive towards SN2 because it is a primary halide.

b.

is more reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reaction because it is more reactive due to the presence of electron with
drawing - NO2 group.

c. It is optically active due to chiral carbon.

28. Since oxidation of Cr is taking place in the given reaction, the chromium electrode is anode and as Fe is reduced in the reaction,
Fe electrode is the cathode. The half-cell reactions are as follows.
At anode Cr → Cr3+ + 3e-] × 2
At cathode Fe2+ + 2e- → Fe] × 3
Overall reaction
2Cr + 3Fe2+ → 2Cr3+ + 3Fe

Page 12 of 15
 Eo = Ecathode - Eanode = -0.44 - (-0.74) = 0.3V
2
3+

E = Eo -
0.0591 [C r ]
log
n 3
[F e2+ ]

Here, n = number of electrons transferred, i.e. equal to 6.

2
[0.01]
= 0.3 - 0.0591

6
log
3
[0.1]

= 0.309 ≈ 0.31
Section D
29. i. Due to the removal of an electron from the stable d10 configuration of Zn2+.
ii. Transition metals despite having high E° oxidation, are poor reducing agents because of their high heat of vaporization, high
ionisation energies and low heats of hydration.
iii. Cr2+ is reducing as its configuration changes from d4 to d3, the having a half-filled t2g level. On the other hand, the change

from Mn3+ to Mn2+ results in the half-filled (d5) configuration which has extra stability.
OR
The Stability of Cu2+ is more than Cu+ as stability depends on the hydration energy of the ions when they bond to the water
molecules. The Cu2+ ion has a greater charge density than Cu+ ion and thus forms much stronger bonds releasing more
energy.
30. i. PA = xA × P
∘
A

32 = xA × 40
xA = 32

40

xA = 0.8
ii. For pure octane, x = 0
∴ p(sol.)(mm Hg) = P (octane) = 35 + 65 × 0 = 35 mm of Hg
iii. The value of ΔVmixing and ΔHmixing is negative.
iv. It is an example of Non-ideal solution.
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following:
(i) Lactose is the type of sugar that occurs naturally in milk. It is found in the milk of animals such as cows and goats, as
well as human breast milk.
(ii) Vitamin 'C' is water soluble vitamin and hence excess of it is readily excreted in the urine so, it cannot be stored in our
body and hence, it should be regularly supplied in the diet.
(iii)It is an enzyme whose deficiency causes mental redardation.
(iv)When a protein is subjected to a change in temperature or chemical change then it loses its biological activity.
2o and 3o structures are destroyed but 1o structure remains intact.
(v) The monosaccharide units are linked through the glycosidic linkage in the polysaccharide.
(vi)Glucose on prolonged heating with HI and red phosphorus gives n-hexane HI (excess) suggest that all six carbon atom
are in straight chain.
H1(excess)
C6 H12 O6 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
Δ
Glucose n−Hexane (straight chain)

(vii) i. Reaction of glucose (a carbonyl group)

ii. Straight chain with six carbon atoms

32. a. Complexes containing didentate or polydentate ligands are more stable than those containing monodentate ligands. In each of
the given complex, Fe is in +3 state.

Page 13 of 15
 As C2O42- is didentate chelating ligand, hence is the most stable complex.
b. As metal ion is fixed, the wavelength of absorption will decided by the field strengths (CFSE values) of the ligands.
From the spectrochemical series, the order of CFSE is: H2O < NH3 < NO2
Thus, the energies absorbed for excitation will be in the order:
[Ni(NH3)6]2+< [Ni(H2O)6]2+ < [Ni(NO2)6]4-
As wavelength and energy are inversely related.The wavelengths absorbed will be in the opposite order:
[Ni(NH3)6]2+> [Ni(H2O)6]2+ > [Ni(NO2)6]4-

OR
(NH4)2SO4 + FeSO4 + 6H2O → FeSO4.(NH4)2SO4.6H2O (Mohr's Salt)
CuSO4 + 4NH3 + 5H2O → [Cu(NH3)4]SO4.5H2O (tetramminocopper(ii) sulphate)
Both the compounds i.e., FeSO4.(NH4)2SO4.6H2O and [Cu(NH3)4]SO4.5H2O fall under the category of addition compounds with
only one major difference i.e., the former is an example of a double salt, while the latter is a coordination compound. A double
salt is an addition compound that is stable in the solid state but that which breaks up into its constituent ions in the dissolved state.
These compounds exhibit individual properties of their constituents. For e.g. FeSO4.(NH4)2SO4.6H2O breaks into Fe2+, NH4+

and SO42- ions. Hence, it gives a positive test for Fe2+ ions.A coordination compound is an addition compound which retains its
identity in the solid as well as in the dissolved state. However, the individual properties of the constituents are lost. This happens
because [Cu(NH3)4]SO4.5H2O does not show the test for Cu2+.The ions present in the solution of [Cu(NH3)4]SO4.5H2O are

[Cu(NH3)4]2+ and SO42-.

33. i.

ii.

HN O2 N H3 Br2 /KOH
CH3 NH 2
iii. C 2 H5 C H2 N H2 −−−−→ CH3CH2OH −−−−−−−−−−→ CH3CHOOH −−−→ CH3CH2NOH2 −−−−−−→
Ethyla min e K2 C r2 O7 /H2 S O4 Δ
Methylamine

OR
i. Tert.-Butyl bromide being a 3° alkyl halide on treatment with a base (i.e., N H ) prefers to undergo elimination rather than
3

substitution. Therefore, the product is isobutylene rather than tert-butylamine.

CH3 CH3

| N H3 |

C H3 − C − Br −−−−−−−−→ C H3 − C − N H2 ;
| |
−HBr

CH3 (Substitution) CH3

tert−Butyl bromide tert−Butyla min e

C H2 −H CH3

| N H3 |

C H3 − C − Br −−−−−−−−−→ C H3 − C = C H2 ;
| Isobutylene
−N H4 Br

CH3 (E lim ination)

tert−Butyla min e

ii. 1° amines containing tert-alkyl groups can be prepared by action of suitable Grignard reagents and o-methylhydroxylamine.
For example,

Page 14 of 15
 CH3 CH3

| Dry Ether |

C H3 − C − M gBr + N H2 − OC H3 −−−−−−→ C H3 − C − N H2 + M g(OC H3 )Br

| o−Methyl hydroxyla min e |

CH3 CH3

tert−Butylmagnesium bromide T ert−butyla min e

Page 15 of 15