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35 views

UNDERSTANDING INTERNET I-BCA - Copy

Uploaded by

dlrvilapakkam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT-I

INTERNET:

The Internet is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic devices. With the
Internet, it's possible to access almost any information, communicate with anyone else in the world, and
do much more.

INVENTED THE INTERNET:

Important figures include Robert W. Taylor, who led the development of the ARPANET (an early
prototype of the Internet), and Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn, who developed the Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) technologies.

GROWTH OF INTERNET:
Since its creation in 1983, the Internet has grown exponentially in terms of numbers of networks
connected to it. By 1985, 100 networks, both public domain and commercial utilizing TCP/IP protocol
suite became available.

OWNERS OF THE INTERTNET:

The Internet backbone can be simply defined as the core of the Internet. Here, the largest and fastest
networks are linked together with fiber-optic connections and high-performance routers. Internet
networks are primarily owned and operated by commercial, educational, government or military
entities.
Anatomy of the Internet

The Internet is a vast collection of computers linked by cable and satellites, not controlled by any
one authority, but all operating under common network protocols. The term 'Internet' includes
both the hardware (satellites, cable, routing devices and computers) and the software (programs
and network protocols) that enable computers to communicate with each other.

When information is sent across the Internet, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP: the
networking-language computers use when communicating over the Internet) first breaks the
information up into packets of data. The client computer sends those packets to the local
network, Internet service provider (ISP), or online service. From here, the packets travel through
many levels of networks, computers, and communications lines until they reach their final
destinations. Many types of hardware help the packets on their way. These are:

Hubs, which link groups of computers together and let them intercommunicate through multiple
ports.
Bridges, which link local area networks (LANs) with each another.
Gateways, which act like bridges, but also convey data between dissimilar networks.
Repeaters, which amplify the data at intervals so that the signal doesn't weaken.
Routers, which ensure packets of data arrive at their proper destination across different
technologies, media, and frame formats.
Servers, which deliver web pages and other services as requested.
Client computers, which make the initial request for Internet services, and run applications to
handle those services.
Cables and/or satellite communications, which make the hardware connections.

All hardware units need common operating methods, basic instructions called protocols that
specify to all parties how the data will be handled.

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