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12TH IMPULSE TOPIC-PROBABILITY DATE-27.10.24

F.M - 240 TIME - 2.5 HR
PART-I- MCQ TYPES
1. Let Ω be the sample space and A ⊆ Ω be an event. Given below are two statements :

(S1) : If P ( A ) = 0 , then A = φ
(S2) : If P ( A ) = 1 , then A = Ω
Then
(a.) only (S1) is true (b.) only (S2) is true
(c.) both (S1) and (S2) are true (d.) both (S1) and (S2) are false

2. A bag contains 6 white and 4 black balls. A die is rolled once and the number of ball equal to the number
obtained on the die are drawn from the bag at random. The probability that all the balls drawn are
white is

1 9 11 1
(a.) (b.) (c.) (d.)
4 50 50 5

3. A coin is biased so that the head is 3 times as likely to occur as tail. This coin is tossed until a head or
three tails occur. If X denotes the number of tosses of the coin, then the mean of X is-

21 15 81 37
(a.) (b.) (c.) (d.)
16 16 64 16

4. Let S = {M = }
a ij  , a ij ∈ {0,1, 2} ,1 ≤ i, j ≤ 2 be a sample space and =
A {M ∈ S : M is invertible } be
an event. Then P ( A ) is equal to :

16 50 47 49
(a.) (b.) (c.) (d.)
27 81 81 81

5. Let N denote the sum of the numbers obtained when two dice are rolled. If the probability that 2 N < N !
m
is , where m and n are coprime, then 4m − 3n equal to :
n

(a.) 12 (b.) 8 (c.) 10 (d.) 6

6. If the probability random variable X

that the takes values x is given by
P (X =
x ) =+
k ( x 1) 3 , x =
0,1, 2,3, … , where k is a constant, then P ( X ≥ 2 ) is equal to
−x

7 11 7 20
(a.) (b.) (c.) (d.)
27 18 18 27

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7. A pair of dice is thrown 5 times. For each throw, a total of 5 is considered a success. If probability of at
k
least 4 successes is , then k is equal to :
311

(a.) 164 (b.) 123 (c.) 82 (d.) 75

8. A bag contains 6 balls. Two balls are drawn from it at random and both are found to be black. The
probability that the bag contains at least 5 black balls is

5 2 3 5
(a.) (b.) (c.) (d.)
7 7 7 6

9. Two dice are thrown independently. Let A be the event that the number appeared on the 1st die is less
than the number appeared on the 2nd die , B be the event that the number appeared on the 1st die is
even and that on the second die is odd, and C be the event that the number appeared on the 1st die is
odd and that on the 2nd is even. Then

(a.) the number of favourable cases of the event ( A ∪ B ) ∩ C is 6

(b.) A and B are mutually exclusive
(c.) The number of favorable cases of the events A, B and C are 15, 6 and 6 respectively
(d.) B and C are independent

10. If an unbiased die, marked with −2, −1, 0,1, 2, 3 on its faces, is through five times, then the probability
that the product of the outcomes is positive, is :

881 521 440 27

(a.) (b.) (c.) (d.)
2592 2592 2592 288

11. =
Let S{w1 , w 2 ,….} be the sample space associated to a random experiment. Let
P ( w n −1 )
P (wn )
= {2k + 3; k,  ∈ N} and
, n ≥ 2 . Let A = = B {w n ; n ∈ A} . Then P ( B ) is equal to
2

3 3 1 1
(a.) (b.) (c.) (d.)
32 64 16 32

12. One ticket is selected at random from 50 tickets numbered 00, 01, 02, …, 49 . Then the probability that
the sum of the digits on the selected ticket is 8 , given that the product of these digits is zero, equals

1 5 1 1
(a.) (b.) (c.) (d.)
7 14 50 14

13. If 𝑥𝑥 = 33𝑛𝑛 , 𝑛𝑛 is a positive integral value, then the probability that 𝑥𝑥 will have 3 at its unit’s place
is
1 1 1 1
(a) (b) 4 (c) (c)
3 5 2

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14. Fifteen coupons are numbered 1,2,3, … … .15 respectively. Seven coupons are selected at
random one at a time with replacement. The probability, that the largest number appearing on
selected coupons is at most 9, is
1 7 3 7 8 7 2 7
(a) � � (b) �5� (c) � � (d) � �
15 15 5

15. The probability distribution of a random variable 𝑋𝑋 is given as

𝑋𝑋 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5

𝑃𝑃(𝑋𝑋) 𝑝𝑝 2𝑝𝑝 3𝑝𝑝 4𝑝𝑝 5𝑝𝑝 7𝑝𝑝 8𝑝𝑝 9𝑝𝑝 10𝑝𝑝 11𝑝𝑝 12𝑝𝑝

Then, the value of 𝑝𝑝 is

1 3 5 1
(a) 72 (b) (c) (d)
73 72 74
1+3𝑝𝑝 1−𝑝𝑝 1−2𝑝𝑝
16. If , and are probabilities of mutually exclusive events of a random experiment,
3 4 2
then the range of 𝑝𝑝 is
1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2
(a) 3 ≤ 𝑝𝑝 ≤ 2 (b) ≤ 𝑝𝑝 ≤ (c) ≤ 𝑝𝑝 ≤ (d) ≤ 𝑝𝑝 ≤
4 2 3 3 3 5
17. In a test, an examinee either guesses or copies or knows the answer to a multiple choice
1
question with four choices. The probability that he makes a guess is and the probability that
3
1 1
he copies the answer is . The probability that his answer is correct given that he copies it is .
6 8
1
The probability that his answer is correct , given that he guesses it is . The probability that he
4
knew the answer to the question given that he correctly answered, is
24 17 24 29
(a) (b) (c) 29 (d)
31 24 31
18. A number 𝑥𝑥 is chosen at random from the set {1,2,3,4, … … .100}. Define the event:
(𝑥𝑥−10)(𝑥𝑥−50)
𝐴𝐴 = the chosen number 𝑥𝑥 satisfies ≥ 0, then 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴) is
(𝑥𝑥−30)
(a) 0.20 (b) 0.51 (c) 0.71 (d) 0.70
19. An experiment yields 3 mutually exclusive and exhaustive 𝐴𝐴, 𝐵𝐵 and 𝐶𝐶. If 𝑃𝑃 (𝐴𝐴) = 2𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵) =
3𝑃𝑃 (𝐶𝐶 ), then 𝑃𝑃 (𝐴𝐴) is equal to
1 2 3 6
(a) (b) (c) (d) 11
11 11 11
20. A box contains tickets numbered 1 to 𝑁𝑁. 𝑛𝑛 tickets are drawn from the box with replacement.
The probability that the largest number on the tickets is 𝑘𝑘, is
𝑘𝑘 𝑛𝑛 𝑘𝑘−1 𝑛𝑛
(a) � � (b) � � (c) 0 (d) None of these
𝑁𝑁 𝑁𝑁
21. A computer producing factory has only two plants 𝑇𝑇1 and 𝑇𝑇2. Plant 𝑇𝑇1 produces 20% and plant
𝑇𝑇2 produces 80% of the total computers produced. 7% of computers produced in the factory
turn out to be defective. It is known that,
𝑃𝑃(computer turns out to be defective given that it is produced in plant 𝑇𝑇1 ) = 10𝑃𝑃 (computer
turns out to be defective given that it is 𝑃𝑃)
Where, 𝑃𝑃(𝐸𝐸) denotes the probability of an event 𝐸𝐸. A computer produced in the factory is
randomly selected and it does not turn out to be defective. Then the probability that it is
produced in plant 𝑇𝑇2 is
36 47 78 75
(a) (b) (c) 93 (d)
73 79 83

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22. In a workshop, there are five machines and the probability of any one of them to be out of
1
service on a day is . If the probability that at most two machines will be out of service on the
4
3 3
same day is � � 𝑘𝑘, then 𝑘𝑘 is equal to
4
17 17 17
(a) 8 (b) (c) (d) 4
4 2
23. For an initial screening of an admission test, a candidate is given fifty problems to solve. If the
4
probability that the candidate can solve any problem is , then the probability that he is unable
5
to solve less than two problems is
201 1 49 164 1 48 316 4 48 54 4 49
(a) � � (b) � � (c) � � (d) 5 �5�
5 5 25 5 25 5
24. Six distinct number are chosen from the first 10 natural numbers. The probability that 6 is the
third largest of those chosen numbers, is
2 5 10 16
(a) 7 (b) (c) (d)
21 63 63
25. A small pack of cards consists of 5 green cards, 4 blue cards and 3 black cards. The pack is
shuffled through and first three cards are turned face up. The probability that there is exactly
one card of each colour is
9 4 3 8
(a) (b) (c) 11 (d)
55 11 55
26. Bag 𝐴𝐴 contains 4 green and 3 red balls and bag 𝐵𝐵 contains 4 red and 3 green balls. One bag is
taken at random and a ball is drawn and noted to be green. The probability that it comes from
bag 𝐵𝐵, is
2 2 3 1
(a) (b) (c) 7 (d)
7 3 3
27. If letters of the word 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 are randomly arranged, then the probability that there
are exactly four letters between 𝑅𝑅 and 𝑆𝑆 is
6 3 5 6
(a) 55 (b) (c) (d)
55 11 11
28. A box contains 9 slips bearing numbers −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 5. An experiment consists
of drawing a slip from this box and replacing it back in the box after noting the number. This
experiment is repeated 9 times. These 9 numbers are now chosen as elements of a 3 × 3
matrix, then the probability that the matrix is skew symmetric is
1 343 1 1
(a) 6 (b) 99 (c) 9 (d) 7
9 9 9
29. Six fair dice are rolled. The probability that the product of the numbers appearing on top faces
is prime, is
1 1 4 1 6 1 1 1 5
(a) 2 �6� (b) � � (c) (d) � �
2 64 2 6

30. 5 different games are to be distributed among 4 children randomly. The probability that each
child gets atleast one game is
1 15 21 17
(a) (b) 64 (c) (d)
4 64 632

31. An unbiased die is rolled until a number greater than 4 appears. The probability that an even
number of trials are needed, is
1 2 1 2
(a) (b) 5 (c) (d)
2 5 3

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32. A card is lost a pack of 52 playing cards. From the remainder of the pack, one card is drawn and
is found to be spade. The probability that the missing card is a spade is
5 4 3 2
(a) (b) 17 (c) (d)
17 17 17
33. A 5-digit number is selected at random. The probability that the chosen number has distinct
digits and digits in the odd places are odd and digits in the even places are even is
5 𝑃𝑃2 ×5 𝑃𝑃3 5 𝑃𝑃 ×5 𝑃𝑃 5 𝐶𝐶 ×5 𝑃𝑃 ×2 5 𝐶𝐶2 ×5 𝐶𝐶3
(a) 9×10 4 (b) 2105 3 (c) 2 4 ×93 (d) 9×10 4
10

34. A nine–digit number is formed using the digits 1,2,3,5 and 7. The probability that the product of
all digits is always 1920 is
1 7 72 1
(a) 9 (b) 58 (c) 9 (d)
5 5 7!
35. A bag contains 10 white and 3 black balls. Balls ar drawn one by one without replacement till all
the black balls are drawn. The probability that the procedure of drawing balls will come to an
end at the 7𝑡𝑡ℎ draw is
15 105 35 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
286 286 286 286
36. A bag contains 5 balls of unknown colours. A ball is drawn at random from it and is found to be
red. Then the probability that all the balls in the bag are red, is
1 1 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 3
2 4 5
37. Eleven objects 𝐴𝐴, 𝐵𝐵, 𝐶𝐶, 𝐷𝐷, 𝐸𝐸, 𝐹𝐹, 𝛼𝛼, 𝛼𝛼, 𝛼𝛼, 𝛽𝛽 and 𝛽𝛽 are arranged in arrow, then the probability that
every 𝛽𝛽 has two 𝛼𝛼 as neighbours is
1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 660
1320 7920 110
38. If two distinct numbers 𝑎𝑎 and 𝑏𝑏 are selected from the set{51 , 52 , 53 … … 59 }, then the
probability that 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 is an integer is
7 5 7 3
(a) 18 (b) (c) (d)
9 36 16
39. Throwing a biased die, a person will get 5 rupees if he throws the number 5 and will get 8
rupees for any other number, then the expected income (in rupees) per throw is (it is given that
the number 5 will appear 5 times as frequently as any other number)
(a) 6.5 (b) 7 (c) 5 (d) 5.5
40. Two persons 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵 have equal number of sons. There are three cinema tickets which are to
1
be distributed among sons of 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵. The probability that all the tickets go to sons of 𝐴𝐴 is .
20
The number of sons to each of them is
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6

41. Let a random variable 𝑋𝑋 has a binomial distribution with mean 8 and variance 4. If 𝑃𝑃 (𝑋𝑋 ≤ 2) =
𝑘𝑘
, then the value of 𝑘𝑘 is equal to
216
(a) 121 (b) 1 (c) 17 (d) 137

42. There are 6 positive numbers and 8 negative numbers. Three numbers are chosen from them at
random and multiplied. The probability that the product is a negative number is
11 17 16 11
(a) (b) (c) (d) 35
34 33 35
43. Consider an experiment of a single throw of a pair of unbiased normal dice. Let three events
∈1 , ∈2 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ∈3 are defined as follows

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∈1 ∶ getting prime numbered face on each dice

∈2 ∶ getting the same number on each dice
∈3 ∶ getting the sum of 4 on two dice
Which of the following is not true ?
(a) The probability 𝑃𝑃 (∈1 ), 𝑃𝑃(∈2 ), 𝑃𝑃(∈3 ) are in arithmetic progression.
(b) The events ∈1 and ∈2 are dependent
∈ 2
(c) 𝑃𝑃 �∈3 � = 9
1
∈3 1
(d) 𝑃𝑃 �∈ � = 9
1
44. A bag contains 40 tickets numbered from 1 to 40. Two tickets are drawn from the bag without
replacement. The probability that the 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 ticket is a perfect square given that the 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ticket was
a perfect square is
1 5 3 1
(a) (b) 39 (c) (d)
6 20 8
45. If 4 distinct numbers are chosen randomly from the first 100 natural numbers, then the
probability that all 4 of them are either divisible by 3 or divisible by 5 is
5 𝐶𝐶 33 𝐶𝐶 20𝐶𝐶 47 𝐶𝐶
(a) 100𝐶𝐶4 (b) 100𝐶𝐶4 (c) 100𝐶𝐶4 (d) 100𝐶𝐶4
4 4 4 4

NUMERICAL TYPES
46. Let A be the event that the absolute difference between two randomly chosen real numbers
11
in the sample space [0,60] is less than or equal to a . If 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴) = 36, then a is equal to (ANS : 10)
1
47. Let the probability of getting head for a biased coin be . It is tossed repeatedly until a head
4
appears. Let N be the number of tosses required. If the probability that the equation
p
64 x 2 + 5 Nx + 1 =0 has no real root is , where p and q are co-prime, then q − p is equal to
q
ANS : 27
48. A bag contains six balls of different colours. Two balls are drawn in succession with
replacement. The probability that both the balls are of the same colour is p. Next four balls are
drawn in succession with replacement and the probability that exactly three balls are of the
same colours is q . If 𝑝𝑝: 𝑞𝑞 = 𝑚𝑚 : n , where m and n are coprime, then 𝑚𝑚 + 𝑛𝑛 is equal to ANS : 14
49. A biased coin that has a probability of getting heads as 𝑝𝑝(0 < 𝑝𝑝 < 1) is tossed until a head
2
appears for the first time. If the probability that the number of tosses required is even, is 5, then
9𝑝𝑝 is equal to (ANS : 3)
4 3
50. If 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵 are two events such that 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴) = , 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵) = and the conditional probability
7 28
𝐴𝐴 𝑐𝑐
𝑃𝑃 � (𝐴𝐴𝑐𝑐 ∪𝐵𝐵𝑐𝑐 ) � ( where 𝐴𝐴 denotes the compliments of the event 𝐴𝐴 ) is equal to 𝜆𝜆, then the value
28
of is equal to (ANS : 50)
𝜆𝜆
51. A subset of 5 elements is chosen from the set of first 15 natural number. The probability that at
22
least two of the five numbers are consecutive is 𝜆𝜆, then the value of is equal to (ANS : 26)
𝜆𝜆

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52. If 2 distinct number are between 0 to 180(both inclusive) and the probability that their average
is 60 is 𝑘𝑘,then 108𝑘𝑘 is equal to (ANS : 4)
53. A purse contains 10 ten-rupee coins and 5 five-rupee coins. Two coins are randomly drawn. If
9𝜆𝜆
the expected value of 2 drawn coins is 𝜆𝜆, then is equal to (ANS : 37.5)
4
54. 4 Different balls of green colour and 4 different balls of red colour are to be distributed equally
among 4 people. The probability that all 4 people have balls of a different colour is 𝜆𝜆,then the
value of 7𝜆𝜆 is equal to (ANS : 1.6)
55. A fair die is thrown 𝑛𝑛 number of times. If the probability of always getting a number greater
5
than the previous number is , then the value of 𝑛𝑛 is equal to ( 𝑛𝑛 ≤ 6 ) (ANS : 3)
54
1
56. The probability of India winning a test match against Australia is . Assuming the matches to be
4
independent events, the probability that in a 7 match series India’s second win occurs at 4𝑡𝑡ℎ
test is 𝑃𝑃 , then 256 𝑃𝑃 is equal to (ANS : 27)
1 20
6
57. A term is randomly chosen from the expansion of �√4 + 4 � . If the probability that it is a
√5
rational term is 𝑃𝑃, then 420 𝑃𝑃 is equal to (ANS : 40)
58. A bag contains a mixed lot of red and blue balls. If two balls are drawn at random, the
probability of drawing two red balls is five times the probability of drawing two blue balls and
the probability of drawing one ball of each colour is six times the probability of drawing two
blue balls. Then, the total number of red and blue balls in the bag is
(ANS : 9)
59. If 𝑎𝑎1 , 𝑎𝑎2 , 𝑏𝑏1 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏2 take values in the set {1, −1, 0}, then the probability that the equation
𝑝𝑝
𝑎𝑎1 𝑎𝑎2 = 𝑏𝑏1 𝑏𝑏2 is satisfied is , ( 𝑝𝑝 & 𝑞𝑞 are co-prime) then, 𝑞𝑞 − 2𝑝𝑝 is (ANS : 5)
𝑞𝑞
60. The minimum number of times a fair coin needs to be tossed, so that the probability of getting
at least two heads is at least 0.96, is (ANS : 8)

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