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DATA SCIENCE and AI Hinglish

Probability and Statistics
Counting Techniques & Introduction to DPP

Probability
1. If there are 6 girls and 5 boys who sit in a row. then the Then, the probability of getting 2 odd and one even
probability that no two boys sit together is numbered card is:
6!6! 7!5! (a) 348/1125 (b) 398/1125
(a) (b) (c) 448/1125 (d) 498/1125
2!11! 2!11!
6!7! 7. Three persons A, B and C are to speak at a function
(c) (d) None of these
2!11! along with five others. If they all speak in random
order, the probability that A speaks before B and B
speaks before C is:
2. Three integers are chosen at random from the first 20 (a) 3/8 (b) 1/6
integers. The probability that their product is even (c) 3/5 (d) None of these
(a) 2/19 (b) 3/29 8. An elevator starts with m passengers and stops at n
floors (m  n) the probability that no two passengers
(c) 17/19 (d) 4/29
alight at same floor is:
n n
Pm Pm
(a) n
(b)
3. One hundred cards are numbered from 1 to 100. The m nm
n n
probability that a randomly chosen card has a digit 5 is Cm Cm
(c) (d)
(a) 1/100 (b) 9/100 mn nm

(c) 19/100 (d) None of these

9. A and B play a game where each is asked to select a
number from 1 to 25. If the two numbers match both
4. If the letters of word ‘REGULATIONS' be arranged at of them win a prize. The probability that they will not
random, the probability that there will be exactly 4
win a prize in a single trial is:
letters between R and E is:
(a) 6/55 (b) 3/55 (a) 1/25 (b) 24/25
(c) 2/25 (d) None of these
(c) 49/55 (d) None of these

5. In a bag there are three tickets numbered 1, 2, 3. A 10. Fifteen persons among whom are A and B, sit down
randomly at round table. The probability that there are
ticket is drawn at random and put back, and this is done 4 persons between A and B is:
four times the probability of that the sum of the 9! 10!
(a) (b)
numbers is even is: 14! 14!
9!
(a) 41/81 (b) 39/81 (c) (d) None of these
15!
(c) 40/81 (d) None of these
11. The probability that the 13th day of a randomly chosen
6. A pack of cards consists of 15 cards numbered 1 to 15.
Three cards are drawn at random with replacement. month is a second Saturday is:
(a) 1/7 (b) 1/12
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(c) 1/84 (d) 19/84 1

(d) pmc 
4
12. Three of the six vertices of a regular hexagon are
chosen at random. The probability that the triangle 17. A coin is tossed n times. The probability of getting at
with three vertices is equilateral, is: least one head is greater than that of getting at least two
(a) 1/2 (b) 1/5 tails by 5/32. Then n is:
(c) 1/10 (d) 1/20 (a) 5 (b) 10
(c) 15 (d) None of these
13. The probability that out of 10 persons, all born in April,
at least two have the same birthday is: 18. Suppose that
30 30 Box-I contains 8 red, 3 blue and 5 green balls,
C10 C10
(a) (b) 1  Box-II contains 24 red, 9 blue and 15 green balls,
3010 30!
Box-III contains 1 blue, 12 green and 3 yellow balls,
30 30 C10
10
Box-IV contains 10 green, 16 orange and 6 white balls.
(c) (d) None of these A ball is chosen randomly from Box-I; call this ball b.
3010 If b is red then a ball is chosen randomly from Box-II,
if b is blue then a ball is chosen randomly from Box-
14. If A and B are two events, the probability that exactly Ill, and if b is green then a ball is chosen randomly from
one of them occurs is given by: Box-IV. The conditional probability of the event ‘one
(a) P  A  P  B   2P  A  B  of the chosen balls is white’ given that the event ‘at
least one of the chosen balls is green’ has happened, is
(b) 
P AB  P AB    equal to
(a) 15/256
(c) P  A  B   P  A  B  (b) 3/16


(c) 5/52
(d)    
P A  P B  2P A  B  (d) 1/8

15. If A and B are events at the same experiments with P(A) 19. Consider three sets E1 = {1, 2, 3}, F1 = {1, 3, 4} and G1
= {2, 3, 4, 5}. Two elements are chosen at random,
= 0.2, P(B) = 0.5, then maximum value of P  A' B
without replacement, from the set E1, and let S1 denote
is the set of these chosen elements. Let E2 = E1 - S1 and
(a) 1/4 (b) 1/2 F2 = F1  S1. Now two elements are chosen at random,
(c) 1/8 (d) 1/16 without replacement, from the set F 2 and let S2 denote
the set of these chosen elements.
Let G2 = G1  S2. Finally, two elements are chosen at
16. The probabilities that a student passes in mathematics,
random, without replacement, from the set G2 and let
physics and chemistry are m. p and c respectively. Of
S3 denote the set of these chosen elements.
these subjects, a student has a 75% chance of passing
Let E3 = E2  S3. Given that E1= E3, let p be the
in at least one, a 50% chance of passing in at least one,
conditional probability of the event S1 = {1, 2}. Then
50% chance of passing in at least two and a 40%
the value of p is
chance of passing in exactly two subjects. Which of the
(a) 1/5
following relations are true?
19 (b) 3/5
(a) p  m  c  (c) 1/2
20 (d) 2/5
27
(b) p  m  c 
20 20. Three randomly chosen nonnegative integers x, y and z
are found to satisfy the equation x + y + z =10. Then
1
(c) pmc  the probability that z is even,
10
(a) 36/55 (b) 6/11
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(c) 1/2 (d) 5/11

(d) Probability that the selected bag is B3 and the
21. There are three bags B1, B2 and B3. The bag B1 chosen ball is green equals 3/10
contains 5 red and 5 green balls, B2 contains 3 red and
5 green balls, and B3 contains 5 red and 3 green balls. 22. Consider an experiment of tossing a coin repeatedly
Bags B1, B2 and B3 have probabilities 3/10, 3/10 and until the outcomes of two consecutive tosses are
4/10 respectively of being chosen. A bag is selected at same. If the probability of a random toss resulting in
random, and a ball is chosen at random from the bag.
head is 1/3, then the probability that the experiment
Then which of the following options is/are correct?
stops with head is
(a) Probability that the chosen ball is green, given that
(a). 1/3
the selected bag is B3, equals 3/8 (b). 5/21
(b) Probability that the chosen ball is green equals (c). 4/21
39/80 (d). 2/7

(c) Probability that the selected bag is B3, given that

the chosen ball is green, equals 5/13

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Answer Key
1. (c) 12. (c)
2. (c)
3. (c) 13. (c)
4. (a) 14. (a,b,c,d)
5. (a)
6. (c) 15. (b)

7. (b) 16. (b,c)

17. (a)
8. (a)
18. (a)
9. (b) 19. (a)
10. (d) 20. (b)
21. (b,d)
11. (c) 22. (b)

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