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4.1+Lesson Examples

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4.1+Lesson Examples

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jahniadudley62
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Math 7 4.

1 –Evaluating Expressions and Order of Operations


Lesson
Definitions
A variable is a symbol, usually a letter, which represents a value.
It can represent a quantity; an amount of something.
Example:
x, y, and z can all represent different amounts of something.
An expression is a mathematical phrase that includes one or more variables, along with one or more
operations.
Numerical expressions have ONLY numbers
Examples: 9 ÷ (3 − 0) , 7 − (2 + 6) , 8(9 − 4) + 30 ÷ (1+ 2)
Algebraic expressions have numbers AND letters (variables)
Examples: 9 ÷ (x −1) , 5(t + 8) , 8r − (9 + 6y)
Another example: x + y + z (even though you do not see any numbers, the letters all multiply by 1, but
the ‘1’ is not shown. In other words x + y + z = (1)x + (1)y + (1)z

Examples (one operation):


Algebraic expression Word Phrase
x+6 A number x plus 6
6 more than x
The sum of x and 6
y −8 A number y minus 8
8 less than y
The difference of y and 8
8 • n , or 8n 8 times a number n
8 multiplied by n
The product of 8 and n
w A number w divided by 4
w ÷ 4 , or
4 The quotient of w and 4
x2 A number x squared
The square of a number x
x The square root of a number x

Examples (more than one operation):


Algebraic expression Word Phrase
4(x + 6) 4 times the sum of x and 6
The product of 4 and the sum of x and 6
8
8 ÷ ( y − 8) , or 8 divided by the difference of y and 8
y −8
8n + 6 6 more than the product of 8 and n
The sum of 8 times a number n, and 6
w
(w ÷ 4) − 5 , or −5 5 less than the quotient of w and 4
4
x The quotient of the square root of x and 2
2 Half the square root of a number x
x
The square root of the quotient of x and 2
2
Algebraic expression à Word phrase examples
Algebraic expression Word Phrase
8(x − 4)
3
x2
( x + 5)2
x − x2
Word phrase à Algebraic expression examples
Algebraic expression Word Phrase
5 less than the quotient of 2 and a number x
3 more than the product of a number x and 7
The absolute value of the difference of x and 5
One-third the square of the sum of x and 10
Phrasing algebraic expressions will be important throughout this course.
Remember to take Order of Operations into consideration! GEMDAS!
Grouping Symbols, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction
GEMDAS Example
For any algebraic expression, where the variables are assigned numbers, simply input the number
whenever you see the variable, and then evaluate using Orders of Operations.
Example: Let x = 5, and y = 3; evaluate 5(x + 2y) – (2x + 10)
5(x + 2y) − (2x + 10) Rewrite expression
5(5 + 2(3)) − (2(5) + 10) Input 5 for x and 3 for y
5(5 + 6) − (10 + 10) Perform multiplication in the first and second parentheses
5(11) − 20 Perform addition in the first and second parentheses
55 − 20 Perform multiplication with first parentheses
35 Perform subtraction
More GEMDAS examples
For Problems 1 through 6: Let a = 6, b = –2, and c = –5. Simplify the following expressions.
1) a 17 − 4b − c 2) 2b3 + 2c − a 3) 7b − 2 9 + 3c + 3a

4c 2 − 10a 5) ( 2a + 5b)
2 2c + 4b
4) 6)
2b(5 − c) a

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