QUARTER 1 MODULE 9

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of discussion, the students will be able to:

a). Determine the kinds of sentence structure according to their uses,

b). Relate the use of kinds of sentences to the real-life situations,
c). Create a graphic organizer about kinds of sentences.

Topic: Kinds of Sentences According to Structure

Simple Sentence

A simple sentence is a basic sentence structure that includes a subject, which is

the person or thing performing an action, and a predicate, which describes the
action. The subject is typically a noun or pronoun, while the predicate consists of
the verb and any additional details about the action.

Simple sentences are the foundation of English grammar. They have one subject
(who or what is doing something) and one predicate (what the subject is doing).
Most simple sentences follow the order of subject-verb-object.

Even though simple sentences are short, they can be expanded by adding more
details to the predicate. These details can include things like who the action is
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done to (direct object), who the action is done for (indirect object), and how or
where the action happens (adverbs).

Simple sentence subject and predicate examples:

1. Zoe prepared dinner. (“Zoe” is the subject and “prepared dinner” is the
predicate)

2. Yael and Brenda met for coffee. (“Yael and Breada” are the subject and
the “met for coffee” is the predicate)

3. Boxing is his favorite sport. (“Boxing” is the subject and “is his favorite”
is the predicate)
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Complex Sentence

Complex Sentence is a sentence with one independent clause and at least one
dependent clause. A sentence is considered to be complex if it has one
independent clause and at least one dependent clause. A dependent clause is also
sometimes referred to as a subordinate clause.

Independent Clause contains a subject and a predicate and can stand alone
as full thought.

Dependent Clause also contains a subject and a predicate but cannot stand
alone.

A subordinating conjunction is a word or phrase that links a dependent

clause to an independent clause. Always remember, that a dependent clause
always begins with subordinating conjunctions. In addition, if the dependent
clause comes first in the Complex Sentence, we will use a comma to separate
the two clauses.

Examples of Subordinating Conjunctions that are commonly used in

Complex Sentences
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Examples of a Complex Sentences

1. Whenever it rains, I like to wear my yellow coat.

Explanation: So, this sentence has a dependent clause which is the “Whenever it
rains” because it does not make sense. It cannot stand alone and our independent
clause is “I like to wear my yellow coat.” It is a full thought and can stand alone.
Those two clauses were separated by a comma. The subordinating conjunction
used in the sentence is “Whenever”.

2. Although she was considered smart, she failed all her exams.

Explanation: The dependent clause in the example is “Although she was

considered smart” and the independent clause is the “she failed all her exams.”
They were separated by a comma and the subordinating conjunction used in the
sentence is “Although”

3. Having a party is a bad idea because the neighbors will complain.

Explanation: The independent clause comes first which is the “Having a party is a
bad idea.” It is a full thought and can stand alone. The dependent clause is
“because the neighbors will complain.” which does not make sense. The
subordinating conjunction used in the sentence is “because.” The sentence does
not have a comma unlike the previous examples because it begins with an
independent clause.

4. I am extremely happy since I retired.

Explanation: The independent clause is “I am extremely happy.” and the

dependent clause is “since I retired.” and since the independent clause came first,
it will not use a comma in the sentence. The subordinating conjunction used in the
sentence is the word “since”.
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Compound Sentences

Compound sentence is like two or more simple sentences added together.

In fact, in sentence structure, a compound sentence is two (or more) independent

clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction or a semicolon (;). A compound
sentence does not contain any dependent clauses.

1. I like coffee. Mary likes tea. → I like coffee, and Mary likes tea.
2. Mary went to work. John went to the party. I went home. → Mary went to
work, but John went to the party, and I went home.
3. Our car broke down. We came last. → Our car broke down; we came last.

The term coordinating conjunction sounds complicated, but in fact there are only
seven of them and they are all short, one-syllable words: for—and—nor—but—or—
yet—so — remember them with the mnemonic (FANBOYS.)
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● FOR

The use of the conjunction for (meaning something like because) to join two
clauses when the second clause is the reason for the first clause.

Example: He felt cold, for it was snowing.

● AND

The use of the conjunction and is the most common conjunction. It has several
uses. The use of and is to join two clauses that have equal value.

Example: London is in England, and Rome is in Italy.

● NOR

The use of the conjunction nor is to join two alternative clauses when the first
clause uses a negative such as neither or never. In this case both clauses are
untrue or do not happen.

Example: Mary never wrote the letter, nor did she call him. (Note the inversion of
subject and auxiliary: did she.)

● BUT

The use of the conjunction but is to introduce a clause that contrasts with the
preceding clause.

Example: Mary ran fast, but she couldn't catch John.

● OR

The use of the conjunction or is to join two alternative clauses.

Example: Will Mary go, or will John go?

● YET

The use of the conjunction yet is similar to but. It means something like but at the
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same time; but nevertheless; but in spite of this. As with but, there is a contrast
between the clauses.

Example: I have known him for a long time, yet I have never understood him.

● SO

The use of the conjunction so means something like therefore; and for this reason.
The use of so is to join two clauses when the first clause is the reason for the
second clause.

Example: He was feeling sick, so he went to the doctor.

Making Compound Sentences with semicolons.

1. Occasionally, we join independent clauses with a semicolon (;).

2. He studied very little; he failed his exams.
3. The sky is cloudy; it's going to rain.
4. Ram cut the grass; Ati trimmed the hedge; Tara watched.

Making Compound Sentences with conjunctive adverbs.

We can also join independent clauses with words and phrases like moreover,
however, at least (conjunctive adverbs). In this case, the conjunctive adverb must
be preceded by a semicolon (;) and followed by a comma (,).

1. John loves Mary; however, Mary doesn't love John.

2. Salad is not expensive; moreover, it's very healthy.
3. What he did was incredible; in fact, I could hardly believe it
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Compound-Complex Sentence comprises a compound and a complex sentence.

A sentence is compound when it has two (or more) independent clauses. A

sentence is complex when it combines one independent clause with at least one
dependent clause.

-At least two independent clauses

-At least one dependent clause

Compound-complex sentence

sentences will always have a comma and coordinating conjunction (“for,” “and,”
“nor,” “but,” “or,” “yet,” “so”) or a semicolon (;), just like compound sentences.
The words on either side of this punctuation will be able to stand on their own as
sentences.

Here are a few more examples of compound-complex sentences:

-He finished his report for work, but he still needs to fill out the accompanying
presentation even though he should have had it done last quarter.

-While waiting for the bus, Angela played games on her phone, and Lizzy read a
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book.

-After all this time, I still can't fathom why he had to make such a big deal of it, but
I guess he had his reasons.

SENTENCE INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT CLAUSE

CLAUSE

When it rains, I will stay I will stay indoors When it rains

indoors.

I want to eat while they I want to eat While they are playing
are playing.

Although he was tired, he he finished his work Although he was tired

finished his work.

If you call me, I will I will answer If you call me

answer

She enjoys reading She enjoys reading because it relaxes her

because it relaxes her.

References:

Rongione, A. (2024, June 24). Simple Sentence | Definition & Examples. QuillBot.
Retrieved October 23, 2024, from https://quillbot.com/blog/sentence-and-word-
structure/simple-sentence/

Complex sentence examples & definition. Ginger Software. (n.d.). Retrieved

February 26, 2023, from https://www.gingersoftware.com/content/complex-
sentence/

Beare, K. (2019, January 24). About Complex Sentences With This ESL Worksheet.
ThoughtCo. Retrieved March 6, 2023, from https://www.thoughtco.com/complex-
sentence-worksheet-1210448
QUARTER 1 MODULE 9

Compound-Complex Sentence: Definition and Examples. (n.d.). Prowritingaid.com.

https://prowritingaid.com/compound-complex-sentence

‌Compound Sentences | Grammar | EnglishClub. (n.d.). Www.englishclub.com.

https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/sentence/compound-sentence.php

Images from:

https://d1whtlypfis84e.cloudfront.net/guides/wp-content/uploads/
2018/07/01054505/subordinating-conjunctions.png

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?
q=tbn:ANd9GcR7EjnedQ9qEh3TT3P6o2WWfDfHPOg7R4Tt4A&s

https://images.twinkl.co.uk/tw1n/image/private/t_630/u/ux/t-l-4953-fanboys-co-
ordinat_ver_1.png

REVISIONS:

paki check po yung mga comments sa gilid, ayun yung mga need gawin sa mga
naka-highlight, if walang comment andito yung explanation. Paki-revise na po ito,
and then gawin nadin po yung pre-test and post-test, tska yung assignment. Thank
you.

Pag naka HL Green - to be removed

Pag naka HL Yellow - to be edited/rephrased/add something
QUARTER 1 MODULE 9

Pre-Test

Directions: Read each situation carefully and choose the correct type of sentence
(Simple, Compound, Complex, Compound-Complex) that best fits the description.

1. You want to state a fact about your favorite sport.

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a) I play basketball.
b) I play basketball, and I watch games on TV.
c) I play basketball because it’s exciting.
d) I play basketball because it’s exciting, and I also train every weekend.

2. You want to combine two related ideas about your daily activities.

a) I wake up early.
b) I wake up early, and I have breakfast.
c) I wake up early so I can exercise.
d) I wake up early so I can exercise, and I read the news afterward.

3. You want to explain why you enjoy a particular movie.

a) My favorite movie is Inception.

b) My favorite movie is Inception, and I recommend it to everyone.
c) My favorite movie is Inception because it has a great plot.
d) My favorite movie is Inception because it has a great plot, and the acting
is fantastic.

4. You want to share your travel experiences, mentioning why you travel
and what you enjoy doing.

a) I love to travel.
b) I love to travel, and I visit new places every year.
c) I love to travel because it broadens my perspective.
d) I love to travel because it broadens my perspective, and I also enjoy
meeting new people.

5. You want to express a simple idea about your favorite animal.

a) Cats are my favorite animals.

b) Cats are my favorite animals, and they are very playful.
c) Cats are my favorite animals because they are independent.
d) Cats are my favorite animals because they are independent, and I have
two at home.

Post Test
Directions: Read each sentence carefully and determine which kind of sentence it
is. Choose the correct answer from the multiple-choice options provided.

1.Which kind of sentence is "The sun was setting, and the sky was ablaze
with color."
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a) Simple
b) Complex
c) Compound
d) Compound-Complex

2. Which kind of sentence is "Because it was raining, we decided to stay

inside."

a) Simple
b) Complex
c) Compound
d) Compound-Complex

3. Which kind of sentence is "The dog barked loudly, and the cat ran
away."

a) Simple
b) Complex
c) Compound
d) Compound-Complex

4. Which kind of sentence is "Although the movie was long, we enjoyed it."

a) Simple
b) Complex
c) Compound
d) Compound-Complex

5.Which kind of sentence is “The children played in the park while their
parents watched."

a) Simple
b) Complex
c) Compound
d) Compound-Complex

Pre-Test Answer Key:

QUARTER 1 MODULE 9

1. a) Simple: I play basketball.

2. b) Compound: I wake up early, and I have breakfast.
3. c) Complex: My favorite movie is Inception because it has a great plot.
4. d) Compound-Complex: I love to travel because it broadens my
perspective, and I also enjoy meeting new people.
5. a) Simple: Cats are my favorite animals

Post Test answer key:

1. C
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. D

ASSIGNMENTS:

Create a graphic organizer about kind of sentences and give examples and put in
to organizers that you choose. (it could be a concept map, mind map, etc)

Follow up:

Write your own examples for each type of sentence listed below.

1. Simple Sentence:

2. Complex Sentence:

3. Compound Sentence

4. Compound-Complex Sentence