Date of publication xxxx 00, 0000, date of current version xxxx 00, 0000.

Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.0429000

Preparation of Papers for IEEE ACCESS

SAAD1 , (Fellow, IEEE), SECOND B. AUTHOR2 , and Third C. Author, Jr.3 , (Member, IEEE)
1
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305 USA (e-mail: [email protected])
2
Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA (e-mail: [email protected])
3
Electrical Engineering Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Corresponding author: First A. Author (e-mail: author@ boulder.nist.gov).
This paragraph of the first footnote will contain support information, including sponsor and financial support acknowledgment. For
example, ‘‘This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Commerce under Grant BS123456.’’

ABSTRACT These instructions give you guidelines for preparing papers for IEEE Access. Use this document
as a template if you are using LATEX. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The electronic file of
your paper will be formatted further at IEEE. Paper titles should be written in uppercase and lowercase letters,
not all uppercase. Avoid writing long formulas with subscripts in the title; short formulas that identify the
elements are fine (e.g., "Nd–Fe–B"). Do not write ‘‘(Invited)’’ in the title. Full names of authors are preferred
in the author field, but are not required. Put a space between authors’ initials. The abstract must be a concise
yet comprehensive reflection of what is in your article. In particular, the abstract must be self-contained,
without abbreviations, footnotes, or references. It should be a microcosm of the full article. The abstract
must be between 150–250 words. Be sure that you adhere to these limits; otherwise, you will need to edit
your abstract accordingly. The abstract must be written as one paragraph, and should not contain displayed
mathematical equations or tabular material. The abstract should include three or four different keywords or
phrases, as this will help readers to find it. It is important to avoid over-repetition of such phrases as this can
result in a page being rejected by search engines. Ensure that your abstract reads well and is grammatically
correct.

INDEX TERMS Enter key words or phrases in alphabetical order, separated by commas. Autocorrelation,
beamforming, communications technology, dictionary learning, feedback, fMRI, mmWave, multipath,
system design, multipath, slight fault, underlubrication fault.

I. INTRODUCTION in the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, ac, and dc

T HIS document is a template for LATEX. If you are

reading a paper or PDF version of this document,
please download the LaTeX template or the MS Word tem-
do not have to be defined. Abbreviations that incorporate
periods should not have spaces: write ‘‘C.N.R.S.,’’ not ‘‘C.
N. R. S.’’ Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are
plate of your preferred publication from the IEEE Web- unavoidable (for example, ‘‘IEEE’’ in the title of this article).
site at https://template-selector.ieee.org/secure/templateSelec
tor/publicationType so you can use it to prepare your B. OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS
manuscript. If you would prefer to use LaTeX, down- Use one space after periods and colons. Hyphenate complex
load IEEE’s LaTeX style and sample files from the same modifiers: ‘‘zero-field-cooled magnetization.’’ Avoid dan-
Web page. You can also explore using the Overleaf editor gling participles, such as, ‘‘Using (1), the potential was cal-
at https://www.overleaf.com/blog/278-how-to-use-overleaf- culated.’’ [It is not clear who or what used (1).] Write instead,
with-ieee-collabratec-your-quick-guide-to-getting-started ‘‘The potential was calculated by using (1),’’ or ‘‘Using (1),
#.xsVp6tpPkrKM9 we calculated the potential.’’
IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper. If your Use a zero before decimal points: ‘‘0.25,’’ not ‘‘.25.’’ Use
paper is intended for a conference, please observe the confer- ‘‘cm3 ,’’ not ‘‘cc.’’ Indicate sample dimensions as ‘‘0.1 cm
ence page limits. × 0.2 cm,’’ not ‘‘0.1 × 0.2 cm2 .’’ The abbreviation for
‘‘seconds’’ is ‘‘s,’’ not ‘‘sec.’’ Use ‘‘Wb/m2 ’’ or ‘‘webers per
A. ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS square meter,’’ not ‘‘webers/m2 .’’ When expressing a range
Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are of values, write ‘‘7 to 9’’ or ‘‘7–9,’’ not ‘‘7∼9.’’
used in the text, even after they have already been defined A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is punc-

VOLUME 11, 2023 1

 Author et al.: Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS

tuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A par- Please note that the {subequations} environment in
enthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.) In LATEX will increment the main equation counter even when
American English, periods and commas are within quotation there are no equation numbers displayed. If you forget that,
marks, like ‘‘this period.’’ Other punctuation is ‘‘outside’’! you might write an article in which the equation numbers skip
Avoid contractions; for example, write ‘‘do not’’ instead of from (17) to (20), causing the copy editors to wonder if you’ve
‘‘don’t.’’ The serial comma is preferred: ‘‘A, B, and C’’ discovered a new method of counting.
instead of ‘‘A, B and C.’’ BibTEX does not work by magic. It doesn’t get the bibli-
If you wish, you may write in the first person singular or ographic data from thin air but from .bib files. If you use
plural and use the active voice (‘‘I observed that . . .’’ or ‘‘We BibTEX to produce a bibliography you must send the .bib files.
observed that . . .’’ instead of ‘‘It was observed that . . .’’). LATEX can’t read your mind. If you assign the same label to
Remember to check spelling. If your native language is not a subsubsection and a table, you might find that Table I has
English, please get a native English-speaking colleague to been cross referenced as Table IV-B3.
carefully proofread your paper. LATEX does not have precognitive abilities. If you put a
Try not to use too many typefaces in the same article. \label command before the command that updates the
Also please remember that MathJax can’t handle really weird counter it’s supposed to be using, the label will pick up the
typefaces. last counter to be cross referenced instead. In particular, a
\label command should not go before the caption of a
C. EQUATIONS figure or a table.
Number equations consecutively with equation numbers in Do not use \nonumber inside the {array} environ-
parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). To make ment. It will not stop equation numbers inside {array}
your equations more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), (there won’t be any anyway) and it might stop a wanted
the exp function, or appropriate exponents. Use parentheses equation number in the surrounding equation.
to avoid ambiguities in denominators. Punctuate equations
when they are part of a sentence, as in II. UNITS
Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units are
E = mc2 . (1) strongly encouraged.) English units may be used as secondary
units (in parentheses). This applies to papers in data storage.
The following 2 equations are used to test your LaTeX
For example, write ‘‘15 Gb/cm2 (100 Gb/in2 ).’’ An exception
compiler’s math output. Equation (2) is your LaTeX com-
is when English units are used as identifiers in trade, such as
piler’ output. Equation (3) is an image of what (2) should look
‘‘31/2 -in disk drive.’’ Avoid combining SI and CGS units, such
like. Please make sure that your equation (2) matches (3) in
as current in amperes and magnetic field in oersteds. This
terms of symbols and characters’ font style (Ex: italic/roman).
often leads to confusion because equations do not balance
dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, clearly state the
Z∞ s
units for each quantity in an equation.
47i + 89jk × 10rym ± 2npz abcdelqh2
Pr f (g)dx 3 . (2) The SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m. However,
(6XYZ πKu)Aoq i=1 Q(t) (svw) cos3 θ
0 if you wish to use units of T, either refer to magnetic flux
density B or magnetic field strength symbolized as µ0 H . Use
the center dot to separate compound units, e.g., ‘‘A·m2 .’’

III. SOME COMMON MISTAKES

Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been de- The word ‘‘data’’ is plural, not singular. The subscript for
fined before the equation appears or immediately following. the permeability of vacuum µ0 is zero, not a lowercase letter
Italicize symbols (T might refer to temperature, but T is the ‘‘o.’’ The term for residual magnetization is ‘‘remanence’’; the
unit tesla). Refer to ‘‘(1),’’ not ‘‘Eq. (1)’’ or ‘‘equation (1),’’ adjective is ‘‘remanent’’; do not write ‘‘remnance’’ or ‘‘rem-
except at the beginning of a sentence: ‘‘Equation (1) is . . . .’’ nant.’’ Use the word ‘‘micrometer’’ instead of ‘‘micron.’’ A
graph within a graph is an ‘‘inset,’’ not an ‘‘insert.’’ The word
D. LATEX-SPECIFIC ADVICE ‘‘alternatively’’ is preferred to the word ‘‘alternately’’ (unless
Please use ‘‘soft’’ (e.g., \eqref{Eq}) cross references in- you really mean something that alternates). Use the word
stead of ‘‘hard’’ references (e.g., (1)). That will make it ‘‘whereas’’ instead of ‘‘while’’ (unless you are referring to
possible to combine sections, add equations, or change the simultaneous events). Do not use the word ‘‘essentially’’ to
order of figures or citations without having to go through the mean ‘‘approximately’’ or ‘‘effectively.’’ Do not use the word
file line by line. ‘‘issue’’ as a euphemism for ‘‘problem.’’ When compositions
Please don’t use the {eqnarray} equation environ- are not specified, separate chemical symbols by en-dashes;
ment. Use {align} or {IEEEeqnarray} instead. The for example, ‘‘NiMn’’ indicates the intermetallic compound
{eqnarray} environment leaves unsightly spaces around Ni0.5 Mn0.5 whereas ‘‘Ni–Mn’’ indicates an alloy of some
relation symbols. composition Nix Mn1−x .
2 VOLUME 11, 2023
Author et al.: Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS

FIGURE 1. Magnetization as a function of applied field. It is good practice to explain the significance of the figure in the caption.

Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones ‘‘af- TABLE 1. Units for Magnetic Properties
fect’’ (usually a verb) and ‘‘effect’’ (usually a noun), ‘‘com-
Symbol Quantity Conversion from Gaussian and
plement’’ and ‘‘compliment,’’ ‘‘discreet’’ and ‘‘discrete,’’ CGS EMU to SI a
‘‘principal’’ (e.g., ‘‘principal investigator’’) and ‘‘principle’’ Φ magnetic flux 1 Mx → 10−8 Wb = 10−8 V·s
(e.g., ‘‘principle of measurement’’). Do not confuse ‘‘imply’’ B magnetic flux density, 1 G → 10−4 T = 10−4 Wb/m2
and ‘‘infer.’’ magnetic induction
H magnetic field strength 1 Oe → 103 /(4π) A/m
Prefixes such as ‘‘non,’’ ‘‘sub,’’ ‘‘micro,’’ ‘‘multi,’’ and m magnetic moment 1 erg/G = 1 emu
‘‘ultra’’ are not independent words; they should be joined to → 10−3 A·m2 = 10−3 J/T
the words they modify, usually without a hyphen. There is M magnetization 1 erg/(G·cm3 ) = 1 emu/cm3
→ 103 A/m
no period after the ‘‘et’’ in the Latin abbreviation ‘‘et al.’’ 4πM magnetization 1 G → 103 /(4π) A/m
(it is also italicized). The abbreviation ‘‘i.e.,’’ means ‘‘that σ specific magnetization 1 erg/(G·g) = 1 emu/g → 1 A·m2 /kg
is,’’ and the abbreviation ‘‘e.g.,’’ means ‘‘for example’’ (these j magnetic dipole 1 erg/G = 1 emu
moment → 4π × 10−10 Wb·m
abbreviations are not italicized). J magnetic polarization 1 erg/(G·cm3 ) = 1 emu/cm3
A general IEEE styleguide is available at → 4π × 10−4 T
http://www.ieee.org/authortools. χ, κ susceptibility 1 → 4π
χρ mass susceptibility 1 cm3 /g → 4π × 10−3 m3 /kg
µ permeability 1 → 4π × 10−7 H/m
IV. GUIDELINES FOR GRAPHICS PREPARATION AND = 4π × 10−7 Wb/(A·m)
µr relative permeability µ → µr
SUBMISSION w, W energy density 1 erg/cm3 → 10−1 J/m3
A. TYPES OF GRAPHICS N, D demagnetizing factor 1 → 1/(4π)
Vertical lines are optional in tables. Statements that serve as captions for the
The following list outlines the different types of graphics entire table do not need footnote letters.
published in IEEE journals. They are categorized based on a Gaussian units are the same as cg emu for magnetostatics; Mx = maxwell, G

their construction, and use of color/shades of gray: = gauss, Oe = oersted; Wb = weber, V = volt, s = second, T = tesla, m =
meter, A = ampere, J = joule, kg = kilogram, H = henry.

1) Color/Grayscale figures
Figures that are meant to appear in color, or shades of
black/gray. Such figures may include photographs, illus- 3) Author photos
trations, multicolor graphs, and flowcharts. For multicolor Author photographs should be included with the author bi-
graphs, please avoid any gray backgrounds or shading, as well ographies located at the end of the article underneath Refer-
as screenshots, instead export the graph from the program ences.
used to collect the data.

4) Tables
2) Line Art figures
Figures that are composed of only black lines and shapes. Data charts which are typically black and white, but some-
These figures should have no shades or half-tones of gray, times include color.
only black and white.
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 Author et al.: Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS

B. MULTIPART FIGURES All color figures should be generated in RGB or CMYK

Figures compiled of more than one sub-figure presented side- color space. Grayscale images should be submitted in
by-side, or stacked. If a multipart figure is made up of multiple Grayscale color space. Line art may be provided in grayscale
figure types (one part is lineart, and another is grayscale or OR bitmap colorspace. Note that ‘‘bitmap colorspace’’ and
color) the figure should meet the stricter guidelines. ‘‘bitmap file format’’ are not the same thing. When bitmap
color space is selected, .TIF/.TIFF/.PNG are the recom-
C. FILE FORMATS FOR GRAPHICS mended file formats.
Format and save your graphics using a suitable graphics
processing program that will allow you to create the images as H. ACCEPTED FONTS WITHIN FIGURES
PostScript (.PS), Encapsulated PostScript (.EPS), Tagged Im- When preparing your graphics IEEE suggests that you use of
age File Format (.TIFF), Portable Document Format (.PDF), one of the following Open Type fonts: Times New Roman,
Portable Network Graphics (.PNG), or Metapost (.MPS), Helvetica, Arial, Cambria, and Symbol. If you are supplying
sizes them, and adjusts the resolution settings. When submit- EPS, PS, or PDF files all fonts must be embedded. Some fonts
ting your final paper, your graphics should all be submitted in- may only be native to your operating system; without the fonts
dividually in one of these formats along with the manuscript. embedded, parts of the graphic may be distorted or missing.
A safe option when finalizing your figures is to strip out
D. SIZING OF GRAPHICS the fonts before you save the files, creating ‘‘outline’’ type.
Most charts, graphs, and tables are one column wide This converts fonts to artwork what will appear uniformly on
(3.5 inches/88 millimeters/21 picas) or page wide (7.16 any screen.
inches/181 millimeters/43 picas). The maximum depth a
graphic can be is 8.5 inches (216 millimeters/54 picas). When I. USING LABELS WITHIN FIGURES
choosing the depth of a graphic, please allow space for a cap- 1) Figure Axis labels
tion. Figures can be sized between column and page widths Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Use words
if the author chooses, however it is recommended that figures rather than symbols. As an example, write the quantity ‘‘Mag-
are not sized less than column width unless when necessary. netization,’’ or ‘‘Magnetization M,’’ not just ‘‘M.’’ Put units in
There is currently one publication with column measure- parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. As in Fig. 1, for
ments that do not coincide with those listed above. Proceed- example, write ‘‘Magnetization (A/m)’’ or ‘‘Magnetization
ings of the IEEE has a column measurement of 3.25 inches (A·m−1 ),’’ not just ‘‘A/m.’’ Do not label axes with a ratio of
(82.5 millimeters/19.5 picas). quantities and units. For example, write ‘‘Temperature (K),’’
The final printed size of author photographs is exactly not ‘‘Temperature/K.’’
1 inch wide by 1.25 inches tall (25.4 millimeters × 31.75 Multipliers can be especially confusing. Write ‘‘Magneti-
millimeters/6 picas × 7.5 picas). Author photos printed in zation (kA/m)’’ or ‘‘Magnetization (103 A/m).’’ Do not write
editorials measure 1.59 inches wide by 2 inches tall (40 ‘‘Magnetization (A/m) × 1000’’ because the reader would not
millimeters × 50 millimeters/9.5 picas × 12 picas). know whether the top axis label in Fig. 1 meant 16000 A/m
or 0.016 A/m. Figure labels should be legible, approximately
E. RESOLUTION 8 to 10 point type.
The proper resolution of your figures will depend on the type
of figure it is as defined in the ‘‘Types of Figures’’ section. 2) Subfigure Labels in Multipart Figures and Tables
Author photographs, color, and grayscale figures should be at Multipart figures should be combined and labeled before
least 300dpi. Line art, including tables should be a minimum final submission. Labels should appear centered below each
of 600dpi. subfigure in 8 point Times New Roman font in the format of
(a) (b) (c).
F. VECTOR ART
In order to preserve the figures’ integrity across multiple J. FILE NAMING
computer platforms, we accept files in the following formats: Figures (line artwork or photographs) should be named start-
.EPS/.PDF/.PS. All fonts must be embedded or text converted ing with the first 5 letters of the author’s last name. The
to outlines in order to achieve the best-quality results. next characters in the filename should be the number that
represents the sequential location of this image in your article.
G. COLOR SPACE For example, in author ‘‘Anderson’s’’ paper, the first three
The term color space refers to the entire sum of colors that can figures would be named ander1.tif, ander2.tif, and ander3.ps.
be represented within the said medium. For our purposes, the Tables should contain only the body of the table (not the
three main color spaces are Grayscale, RGB (red/green/blue) caption) and should be named similarly to figures, except that
and CMYK (cyan/magenta/yellow/black). RGB is generally ‘.t’ is inserted in-between the author’s name and the table
used with on-screen graphics, whereas CMYK is used for number. For example, author Anderson’s first three tables
printing purposes. would be named ander.t1.tif, ander.t2.ps, ander.t3.eps.
4 VOLUME 11, 2023
Author et al.: Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS

Author photographs should be named using the first five is cited; do not put footnotes in the reference list (endnotes).
characters of the pictured author’s last name. For example, Use letters for table footnotes (see Table 1).
four author photographs for a paper may be named: oppen.ps,
moshc.tif, chen.eps, and duran.pdf. APPENDIX B
If two authors or more have the same last name, their first SUBMITTING YOUR PAPER FOR REVIEW
initial(s) can be substituted for the fifth, fourth, third. . . letters A. FINAL STAGE
of their surname until the degree where there is differentia- When your article is accepted, you can submit the final
tion. For example, two authors Michael and Monica Oppen- files, including figures, tables, and photos, per the journal’s
heimer’s photos would be named oppmi.tif, and oppmo.eps. guidelines through the submission system used to submit the
articlle. You may use Zip for large files, or compress files
K. REFERENCING A FIGURE OR TABLE WITHIN YOUR using Compress, Pkzip, Stuffit, or Gzip.
PAPER In addition, designate one author as the ‘‘corresponding
When referencing your figures and tables within your paper, author.’’ This is the author to whom proofs of the paper will
use the abbreviation ‘‘Fig.’’ even at the beginning of a sen- be sent. Proofs are sent to the corresponding author only.
tence. Figures should be numbered with Arabic Numerals.
Do not abbreviate ‘‘Table.’’ Tables should be numbered with B. REVIEW STAGE USING IEEE AUTHOR PORTAL
Roman Numerals. Article contributions to IEEE Access should be submitted
electronically on the IEEE Author Portal. For more informa-
L. SUBMITTING YOUR GRAPHICS tion, please visit https://ieeeaccess.ieee.org/.
Figures should be submitted individually, separate from the Along with other information, you will be asked to select
manuscript in one of the file formats listed above in Section the subject from a pull-down list. There are various steps
IV-C. Place figure captions below the figures; place table to the submission process; you must complete all steps for
titles above the tables. Please do not include captions as part a complete submission. At the end of each step you must
of the figures, or put them in ‘‘text boxes’’ linked to the click ‘‘Save and Continue’’; just uploading the paper is not
figures. Also, do not place borders around the outside of your sufficient. After the last step, you should see a confirmation
figures. that the submission is complete. You should also receive an
e-mail confirmation. For inquiries regarding the submission
of your article, please contact [email protected].
M. COLOR PROCESSING/PRINTING IN IEEE JOURNALS
The manuscript should be prepared in a double column,
All IEEE Transactions, Journals, and Letters allow an author
single-spaced format using a required IEEE Access template.
to publish color figures on IEEE Xplore® at no charge, and
A Word or LaTeX file and a PDF file are both required upon
automatically convert them to grayscale for print versions. In
submission in the IEEE Author Portal.
most journals, figures and tables may alternatively be printed
in color if an author chooses to do so. Please note that this C. FINAL STAGE USING IEEE AUTHOR PORTAL
service comes at an extra expense to the author. If you intend
Upon acceptance, you will receive an email with specific
to have print color graphics, include a note with your final
instructions
paper indicating which figures or tables you would like to be
Designate the author who submitted the manuscript on
handled that way, and stating that you are willing to pay the
IEEE Author Portal as the ‘‘corresponding author.’’ This is
additional fee.
the only author to whom proofs of the paper will be sent.
V. CONCLUSION D. COPYRIGHT FORM
Although a conclusion may review the main points of the Authors must submit an electronic IEEE Copyright
paper, do not replicate the abstract as the conclusion. A Form (eCF) upon submitting their final manuscript
conclusion might elaborate on the importance of the work or files. You can access the eCF system through your
suggest applications and extensions. manuscript submission system or through the Author
If you have multiple appendices, use the \appendices Gateway. You are responsible for obtaining any nec-
command below. If you have only one appendix, use essary approvals and/or security clearances. For addi-
\appendix[Appendix Title] tional information on intellectual property rights, visit the
IEEE Intellectual Property Rights department web page
APPENDIX A at http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/
FOOTNOTES rights/index.html.
Number footnotes separately in superscript numbers.1 Place
the actual footnote at the bottom of the column in which it APPENDIX C
1 It is recommended that footnotes be avoided (except for the unnumbered
IEEE PUBLISHING POLICY
footnote with the receipt date on the first page). Instead, try to integrate the The general IEEE policy requires that authors should only
footnote information into the text. submit original work that has neither appeared elsewhere
VOLUME 11, 2023 5
 Author et al.: Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS

for publication, nor is under review for another refereed State), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. x, sec. x,
publication. The submitting author must disclose all prior pp. xxx–xxx.
publication(s) and current submissions when submitting a See [1], [2].
manuscript. Do not publish ‘‘preliminary’’ data or results. To • Basic format for periodicals:
avoid any delays in publication, please be sure to follow these J. K. Author, ‘‘Name of paper,’’ Abbrev. Title of Periodi-
instructions. Final submissions should include source files of cal, vol. x, no. x,pp. xxx–xxx, Abbrev. Month, year, DOI.
your accepted manuscript, high quality graphic files, and a 10.1109.XXX.123456.
formatted pdf file. If you have any questions regarding the See [3]– [5].
final submission process, please contact the administrative • Basic format for reports:
contact for the journal. author is responsible for obtaining J. K. Author, ‘‘Title of report,’’ Abbrev. Name of Co.,
agreement of all coauthors and any consent required from City of Co., Abbrev. State, Country, Rep. xxx, year.
employers or sponsors before submitting an article. See [6], [7].
The IEEE Access Editorial Office does not publish confer- • Basic format for handbooks:
ence records or proceedings, but can publish articles related to Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed., Abbrev. Name of Co.,
conferences that have undergone rigorous peer review. Min- City of Co., Abbrev. State, Country, year, pp. xxx–xxx.
imally, two reviews are required for every article submitted See [8], [9].
for peer review. • Basic format for books (when available online):
J. K. Author, ‘‘Title of chapter in the book,’’ in Title
APPENDIX D of Published Book, xth ed. City of Publisher, State,
PUBLICATION PRINCIPLES Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. x, sec. x, pp.
Authors should consider the following points: xxx–xxx. [Online]. Available: http://www.web.com
1) Technical papers submitted for publication must ad- See [10]– [13].
vance the state of knowledge and must cite relevant • Basic format for journals (when available online):
prior work. J. K. Author, ‘‘Name of paper,’’ Abbrev. Title of
2) The length of a submitted paper should be commensu- Periodical, vol. x, no. x, pp. xxx–xxx, Abbrev.
rate with the importance, or appropriate to the complex- Month, year. Accessed on: Month, Day, year, DOI:
ity, of the work. For example, an obvious extension of 10.1109.XXX.123456, [Online].
previously published work might not be appropriate for See [14]– [16].
publication or might be adequately treated in just a few • Basic format for papers presented at conferences (when
pages. available online):
3) Authors must convince both peer reviewers and the J.K. Author. (year, month). Title. presented at ab-
editors of the scientific and technical merit of a paper; brev. conference title. [Type of Medium]. Available:
the standards of proof are higher when extraordinary or site/path/file
unexpected results are reported. See [17].
4) Because replication is required for scientific progress, • Basic format for reports and handbooks (when available
papers submitted for publication must provide suffi- online):
cient information to allow readers to perform similar J. K. Author. ‘‘Title of report,’’ Company. City, State,
experiments or calculations and use the reported re- Country. Rep. no., (optional: vol./issue), Date. [Online]
sults. Although not everything need be disclosed, a Available: site/path/file
paper must contain new, useable, and fully described See [18], [19].
information. For example, a specimen’s chemical com- • Basic format for computer programs and electronic doc-
position need not be reported if the main purpose of uments (when available online):
a paper is to introduce a new measurement technique. Legislative body. Number of Congress, Session. (year,
Authors should expect to be challenged by reviewers month day). Number of bill or resolution, Title. [Type of
if the results are not supported by adequate data and medium]. Available: site/path/file
critical details. See [20].
5) Papers that describe ongoing work or announce the • Basic format for patents (when available online):
latest technical achievement, which are suitable for Name of the invention, by inventor’s name. (year, month
presentation at a professional conference, may not be day). Patent Number [Type of medium]. Available:
appropriate for publication. site/path/file
See [21].
APPENDIX E • Basic formatfor conference proceedings (published):
REFERENCE EXAMPLES J. K. Author, ‘‘Title of paper,’’ in Abbreviated Name of
• Basic format for books: Conf., City of Conf., Abbrev. State (if given), Country,
J. K. Author, ‘‘Title of chapter in the book,’’ in Title of year, pp. xxxxxx.
His Published Book, xth ed. City of Publisher, (only U.S. See [22].
6 VOLUME 11, 2023
Author et al.: Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS

• Example for papers presented at conferences (unpub- [7] J. H. Davis and J. R. Cogdell, ‘‘Calibration program for the 16-foot an-
lished): tenna,’’ Elect. Eng. Res. Lab., Univ. Texas, Austin, TX, USA, Tech. Memo.
NGL-006-69-3, Nov. 15, 1987.
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• Basic format for theses (M.S.) and dissertations (Ph.D.): York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-64. [Online]. Available:
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1) J. K. Author, ‘‘Title of thesis,’’ M.S. thesis, Abbrev. [11] The Founders’ Constitution, Philip B. Kurland and Ralph Lerner, eds.,
Dept., Abbrev. Univ., City of Univ., Abbrev. State, Chicago, IL, USA: Univ. Chicago Press, 1987. [Online]. Available:
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[13] Philip B. Kurland and Ralph Lerner, eds., The Founders’ Constitution.
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[14] J. S. Turner, ‘‘New directions in communications,’’ IEEE J. Sel. Areas
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[24] G. Brandli and M. Dick, ‘‘Alternating current fed power supply,’’ U.S.
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VOLUME 11, 2023 7

 Author et al.: Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS

FIRST A. AUTHOR received the B.S. and M.S. THIRD C. AUTHOR, JR. (M’87) received the B.S. degree in mechanical
degrees in aerospace engineering from the Uni- engineering from National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, in 2004
versity of Virginia, Charlottesville, in 2001 and and the M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from National Tsing Hua
the Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineering from University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, in 2006. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D.
Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, in 2008. degree in mechanical engineering at Texas A&M University, College Station,
From 2001 to 2004, he was a Research Assis- TX, USA.
tant with the Princeton Plasma Physics Labora- From 2008 to 2009, he was a Research Assistant with the Institute of
tory. Since 2009, he has been an Assistant Profes- Physics, Academia Sinica, Tapei, Taiwan. His research interest includes the
sor with the Mechanical Engineering Department, development of surface processing and biological/medical treatment tech-
Texas A&M University, College Station. He is the niques using nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasmas, fundamental study
author of three books, more than 150 articles, and more than 70 inventions. of plasma sources, and fabrication of micro- or nanostructured surfaces.
His research interests include high-pressure and high-density nonthermal Mr. Author’s awards and honors include the Frew Fellowship (Australian
plasma discharge processes and applications, microscale plasma discharges, Academy of Science), the I. I. Rabi Prize (APS), the European Frequency and
discharges in liquids, spectroscopic diagnostics, plasma propulsion, and Time Forum Award, the Carl Zeiss Research Award, the William F. Meggers
innovation plasma applications. He is an Associate Editor of the journal Award and the Adolph Lomb Medal (OSA).
Earth, Moon, Planets, and holds two patents.
Dr. Author was a recipient of the International Association of Geomag-
netism and Aeronomy Young Scientist Award for Excellence in 2008, and the
IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Society Best Symposium Paper Award
in 2011.

SECOND B. AUTHOR (M’76–SM’81–F’87) and

all authors may include biographies. Biographies
are often not included in conference-related pa-
pers. This author became a Member (M) of IEEE
in 1976, a Senior Member (SM) in 1981, and a
Fellow (F) in 1987. The first paragraph may con-
tain a place and/or date of birth (list place, then
date). Next, the author’s educational background
is listed. The degrees should be listed with type of
degree in what field, which institution, city, state,
and country, and year the degree was earned. The author’s major field of
study should be lower-cased.
The second paragraph uses the pronoun of the person (he or she) and
not the author’s last name. It lists military and work experience, including
summer and fellowship jobs. Job titles are capitalized. The current job must
have a location; previous positions may be listed without one. Information
concerning previous publications may be included. Try not to list more than
three books or published articles. The format for listing publishers of a book
within the biography is: title of book (publisher name, year) similar to a
reference. Current and previous research interests end the paragraph.
The third paragraph begins with the author’s title and last name (e.g.,
Dr. Smith, Prof. Jones, Mr. Kajor, Ms. Hunter). List any memberships in
professional societies other than the IEEE. Finally, list any awards and work
for IEEE committees and publications. If a photograph is provided, it should
be of good quality, and professional-looking. Following are two examples of
an author’s biography.

8 VOLUME 11, 2023