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2021 - Mathematics Standard 1

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2021 - Mathematics Standard 1

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Cas

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NSW Education Standards Authority

2021 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

Mathematics Standard 1
General • Reading time – 10 minutes
Instructions • Working time – 2 hours
• Write using black pen
• Calculators approved by NESA may be used
• A reference sheet is provided at the back of this paper
• For questions in Section II, show relevant mathematical reasoning
and/or calculations

Total marks: Section I – 10 marks (pages 2–6)

80 • Attempt Questions 1–10
• Allow about 15 minutes for this section

Section II – 70 marks (pages 9–32)

• Attempt Questions 11–30
• Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section

2130
Section I

10 marks
Attempt Questions 1–10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section

Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1–10.

1 A network diagram is shown.

How many vertices are in this network?

A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8

2 A survey of which of the following would provide data that are both categorical and
nominal?

A. Hair colour
B. Height in centimetres
C. Number of people present at a concert
D. Size of coffee cup classified as small, medium or large

–2–
3 Consider the network diagram.

B C D

A E

What is the sum of the degrees of all the vertices in this network?

A. 5
B. 8
C. 14
D. 16

4 Three years ago an appliance was valued at $2467. Its value has depreciated by 15% each
year, based on the declining-balance method.

What is its salvage value today, to the nearest dollar?

A. $952
B. $1110
C. $1357
D. $1515

–3–
5 Which of the following best represents the graph of y = −3x + 4 ?

A. y B. y

4 4

O x O x

C. y D. y

O x O x

–3 –3

6 Blood pressure is recorded as systolic pressure/diastolic pressure and measured in

mmHg.

When standing upright, Mary’s blood pressure was 139/85. Three minutes after sitting
down, her blood pressure was 118/74.

What was the change in Mary’s diastolic blood pressure?

A. There was an increase of 11 mmHg.

B. There was an increase of 21 mmHg.
C. There was a decrease of 11 mmHg.
D. There was a decrease of 21 mmHg.

–4–
b
7 Suppose a = , where b = 22.
7
What is the value of a, correct to three significant figures?

A. 3.14
B. 3.15
C. 3.142
D. 3.143

8 A student is thinking of a number. Let the number be x.

When the student subtracts 8 from this number and multiplies the result by 3, the answer
is 2 more than x.

Which equation can be used to find x ?

A. 3(x − 8) = 2 x
B. 3x − 8 = 2 x
C. 3(x − 8) = x + 2
D. 3x − 8 = x + 2

9 James invests $5000 at 3% per annum simple interest for 2 years, while Sally invests
$5000 at 3% per annum compounded annually for 2 years.

For the given investments, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. James earns more interest than Sally.

B. Sally earns more interest than James.
C. James and Sally earn the same amount of interest.
D. There is not enough information to compare the interest earned by James and Sally.

–5–
10 The compass bearing of B from A is N38°E.

NOT TO
SCALE

38°

What is the true bearing of A from B ?

A. 128°
B. 218°
C. 232°
D. 322°

–6–
BLANK PAGE

–7–
BLANK PAGE

–8–
© 2021 NSW Education Standards Authority
2021 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

Centre Number

Mathematics Standard 1
Student Number
Section II Answer Booklet

70 marks
Do NOT write in this area.

Attempt Questions 11–30

Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section

Instructions • Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of this
page.

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided. These spaces

provide guidance for the expected length of response.

• Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning

and/or calculations.

• Extra writing space is provided at the back of this booklet.

If you use this space, clearly indicate which question you are
answering.

Please turn over

–9–
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
2690310371
2131 15232
BLANK PAGE

Do NOT write in this area.

– 10 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
6580310373
Question 11 (2 marks)

Chocolate of a particular brand can be bought in three different sizes. 2

Option 1: 100 grams for $1.50

Option 2: 300 grams for $4.20
Option 3: 500 grams for $7.25

Which option gives the lowest price per 100 grams? Justify your answer with
calculations.

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................
Do NOT write in this area.

.........................................................................................................................................

– 11 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
2043310373
Question 12 (3 marks)

A dance school runs a holiday program and charges $150 per student. 3

The costs of running the program are:

Dance teacher: $110 per hour
Room hire: $52 per hour plus 10% GST.

The program goes for two hours a day for five days.

What profit does the dance school make if 20 students pay for the program?

.........................................................................................................................................

Do NOT write in this area.

.........................................................................................................................................

– 12 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
2237310378
Question 13 (2 marks)

The fuel consumption for a car is 6.7 litres /100 km. On a road trip, the car travels a 2
distance of 1560 km and the fuel cost is $1.45 per litre.

What is the total fuel cost for this trip?

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................
Do NOT write in this area.

Question 14 (2 marks)

It costs $2.45 for a car to travel on a toll road. Due to inflation, the cost is to increase 2
by 3% each year.

How much will it cost for a car to travel on the toll road in 5 years time?

.........................................................................................................................................

– 13 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
1575310372
Question 15 (3 marks)

City A is in Sweden and is located at (58°N, 16°E). Sydney, in Australia, is located 3

at (33°S, 151°E).

Robert lives in Sydney and needs to give an online presentation to his colleagues in
City A starting at 5:00 pm Thursday, local time in Sweden.

What time and day, in Sydney, should Robert start his presentation?

It is given that 15° = 1 hour time difference. Ignore daylight saving.

.........................................................................................................................................

Do NOT write in this area.

.........................................................................................................................................

Question 16 (2 marks)

Make r the subject of the formula P = 2r + 10. 2

.........................................................................................................................................

– 14 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
0125310372
Question 17 (4 marks)

The network diagram shows the travel times in minutes along roads connecting a
number of different towns.

65
Underwood

Kingsville 45
30 20 30
25 40 Citadel
40
Queentown
15
45 10 Parktown 45
Minertown Walltown

Fernville
Do NOT write in this area.

(a) Draw a minimum spanning tree for this network and determine its length. 3

Length of minimum spanning tree = ................................................

(b) How long does it take to travel from Queentown to Underwood using the fastest 1
route?

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................
– 15 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
4973310377
Question 18 (7 marks)

People are placed into groups to complete a puzzle. There are 9 different groups.

The table shows the number of people in each group and the amount of time, in
minutes, for each group to complete the puzzle.

Number of
2 2 3 5 5 7 7 7 8
people
Time taken
28 30 26 19 21 12 13 11 8
(minutes)

(a) Complete the scatterplot by adding the last four points from the table. 2

Do NOT write in this area.

24
Time taken (minutes)

0 2 4 6 8 10
Number of people

(b) Add a line of best fit by eye to the graph in part (a). 1

Question 18 continues on page 17

– 16 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
0279310372
Question 18 (continued)

(c) The graph in part (a) shows the association between the time to complete the 3
puzzle and the number of people in the group.

Identify the form (linear or non-linear), the direction and the strength of the
association.

...............................................................................................................................

(d) Calculate the mean of the time taken to complete the puzzle for the three groups 1
of size 7 observed in the dataset.

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................
Do NOT write in this area.

...............................................................................................................................

End of Question 18

Please turn over

– 17 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
6089310377
Question 19 (3 marks)

Yin purchased a car for $20 000. The value of the car decreases according to a linear
model. The graph shows the value of the car, $V, against the time, t months, since it
was purchased.

20 000

16 000

12 000

8 000

Do NOT write in this area.

4 000

t months
0 20 40 60 80 100

(a) By how much does the value of the car decrease every 10 months? 1
...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

(b) Find the value of the car after 5 years. 1

...............................................................................................................................

– 18 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
2178310372
Question 20 (2 marks)

In a bag, there are six playing cards, 2, 4, 6, 8, Queen and King. The Queen and King
are known as picture cards.

Two of these cards are chosen randomly. All the possible outcomes are shown.

2 and 4 2 and 6 2 and 8 2 and Queen 2 and King

4 and 6 4 and 8 4 and Queen 4 and King 6 and 8
6 and Queen 6 and King 8 and Queen 8 and King Queen and King

(a) What is the probability that the two cards chosen include one or both picture 1
cards?

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................
Do NOT write in this area.

...............................................................................................................................

(b) What is the probability that the two cards chosen do NOT include any picture 1
cards?

...............................................................................................................................

– 19 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
4072310377
Question 21 (4 marks)

A rectangular sportsground has been drawn to scale on a 1- cm grid as shown. The 4

scale used is 1 : 3000.

Kerry took 12 minutes to walk around the perimeter of this sportsground.

What was Kerry’s average speed in kilometres per hour?

Do NOT write in this area.

.........................................................................................................................................

– 20 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
9362310374
Question 22 (4 marks)

A tap is leaking water. It leaks 1 drop every 4 seconds, and 15 of these drops make
up 1 mL.

(a) Find the amount of water leaked in a 24-hour period. Give the answer in litres. 3
...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................
Do NOT write in this area.

(b) A bucket can hold 9 litres of water. 1

How long will it take for the leaking tap to completely fill this empty bucket?

...............................................................................................................................

Questions 11–22 are worth 38 marks in total

– 21 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
9827310370
Question 23 (6 marks)

Sue walks along a trail, starting at 7 am and finishing at 10 am. The travel graph
shows Sue’s journey from the start to the finish. The journey has been broken into six
sections, A, B, C, D, E and F.

8
F
7
Distance from the start (km)

6
E
5

4
D
3
C
2

Do NOT write in this area.

1
B
A
0
7 am 8 am 9 am 10 am
Time

(a) On two occasions Sue stopped to rest. In which sections of the journey did Sue 1
rest?

...............................................................................................................................

(b) In which section of the journey did Sue travel fastest? Justify your answer. 2
...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

(c) Kim walked along the same trail, also starting at 7 am and finishing at 10 am. 3
Kim walked at a constant speed for the entire journey.

By showing Kim’s journey on the grid above, determine between what times
Sue was ahead of Kim.

...............................................................................................................................

– 22 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
0660310376
Question 24 (4 marks)

A building plan of part of a house is shown.

Wardrobe

All measurements
5700
5000

Main bedroom are in millimetres.

Ensuite

3600

(a) What is the internal length and the internal width of the main bedroom? Give 1
Do NOT write in this area.

your answer in metres.

...............................................................................................................................

(b) Rod wants to lay carpet in the main bedroom. The main bedroom has a wardrobe 3
with a base area of 1.6 m2. The area under the wardrobe does NOT need to be
carpeted.

Carpet costs $40 per square metre. Rod buys the smallest whole number of
square metres of carpet necessary. Find the cost of the carpet purchased for the
bedroom.

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................
– 23 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
7551310372
Question 25 (2 marks)

The diagram shows a container which consists of a small cylinder on top of a larger 2
cylinder.

NOT TO
SCALE

The container is filled with water at a constant rate to the top of the smaller cylinder.
It takes 5 minutes to fill the larger cylinder.

Draw a possible graph of the water level in the container against time.

Do NOT write in this area.

Water level

5 Time (minutes)

– 24 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
3638310374
Question 26 (3 marks)

The diagrams show two similar shapes. The dimensions of the small shape are 3
enlarged by a scale factor of 1.5 to produce the large shape.

Small shape

2.5 cm

9 cm

16 cm
NOT TO
SCALE
Large shape
Do NOT write in this area.

Calculate the area of the large shape.

.........................................................................................................................................

– 25 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
6696310371
Question 27 (4 marks)

Tracy takes out a 30-year reducing balance loan of $680 000 to buy a house. Interest
is charged at 0.25% per month. The loan is to be repaid in equal monthly instalments
of $2866.91 over a term of 30 years.

Part of a spreadsheet used to model the reducing balance loan is shown.

Month Amount owing Interest Repayment Amount owing

at the start of charged for at the end of
the month that month the month
1 680 000.00 1700.00 2866.91 678 833.09
2 678 833.09

(a) Find the amount owing at the end of the second month. 2
...............................................................................................................................

Do NOT write in this area.

...............................................................................................................................

(b) Suppose that the interest rate reduces to 0.15% per month and the monthly 2
instalments remain as $2866.91.

What will happen to the term of the loan? Explain your answer without using
calculations.

...............................................................................................................................

– 26 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
5148310372
Question 28 (5 marks)

A right-angled triangle XYZ is shown. The length of XZ is 16 cm and YXZ = 30°.

Y
NOT TO
SCALE

30°
X Z
16 cm

(a) Find the side length, XY, of the triangle in centimetres, correct to two decimal 2
places.

...............................................................................................................................
Do NOT write in this area.

...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

(b) Hence, find the area of triangle XYZ in square centimetres, correct to one 3
decimal place.

...............................................................................................................................

– 27 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
3013310371
Question 29 (4 marks)

In a park the only animals are goannas and emus. Let x be the number of goannas and 4
let y be the number of emus.

The number of goannas plus the number of emus in the park is 31. Hence x + y = 31.

Each goanna has four legs and each emu has two legs. In total the emus and goannas
have 76 legs.

By writing another relevant equation and graphing both equations on the grid on the
following page, find the number of goannas and the number of emus in the park.

.........................................................................................................................................

Do NOT write in this area.

.........................................................................................................................................

Question 29 continues on page 29

– 28 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
6604310370
Question 29 (continued)

y
40

25
Do NOT write in this area.

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 x

Number of goannas = ...................................

Number of emus = ........................................

End of Question 29

Please turn over

– 29 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
9668310373
Question 30 (4 marks)

Blake opens a new credit card account on 1 May. He uses it, for the first time, on
4 May to buy concert tickets for $850.

He makes no further purchases or repayments during the month of May.

A statement for the credit card is issued on the last day of each month.

The statement for May shows that interest is charged at 19.75% per annum,
compounding daily, from 20 May (included) until 31 May (included).

(a) What is the compound interest shown on the statement issued on 31 May? 3
...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

Do NOT write in this area.

...............................................................................................................................

(b) The minimum payment is calculated as 3% of the closing balance on 31 May. 1

Calculate the minimum payment.

...............................................................................................................................

End of paper

– 30 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
4258310373
Section II extra writing space
If you use this space, clearly indicate which question you are answering.
Do NOT write in this area.

– 31 –
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
2402310372
Section II extra writing space
If you use this space, clearly indicate which question you are answering.

Do NOT write in this area.

Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
0968310377
NSW Education Standards Authority

2021 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

Mathematics Standard 1
Mathematics Standard 2

2132 –1–
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2021 - Mathematics Standard 1

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2021 - Mathematics Standard 1

Uploaded by

NSW Education Standards Authority

2021 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

Total marks: Section I – 10 marks (pages 2–6)

Section II – 70 marks (pages 9–32)

Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1–10.

1 A network diagram is shown.

How many vertices are in this network?

What is its salvage value today, to the nearest dollar?

6 Blood pressure is recorded as systolic pressure/diastolic pressure and measured in

What was the change in Mary’s diastolic blood pressure?

A. There was an increase of 11 mmHg.

8 A student is thinking of a number. Let the number be x.

Which equation can be used to find x ?

For the given investments, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. James earns more interest than Sally.

What is the true bearing of A from B ?

Attempt Questions 11–30

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided. These spaces

• Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning

• Extra writing space is provided at the back of this booklet.

Please turn over

Do NOT write in this area.

Chocolate of a particular brand can be bought in three different sizes. 2

Option 1: 100 grams for $1.50

The costs of running the program are:

Do NOT write in this area.

What is the total fuel cost for this trip?

City A is in Sweden and is located at (58°N, 16°E). Sydney, in Australia, is located 3

It is given that 15° = 1 hour time difference. Ignore daylight saving.

Do NOT write in this area.

Make r the subject of the formula P = 2r + 10. 2

Length of minimum spanning tree = ................................................

Do NOT write in this area.

Question 18 continues on page 17

Please turn over

Do NOT write in this area.

(b) Find the value of the car after 5 years. 1

2 and 4 2 and 6 2 and 8 2 and Queen 2 and King

A rectangular sportsground has been drawn to scale on a 1- cm grid as shown. The 4

Kerry took 12 minutes to walk around the perimeter of this sportsground.

What was Kerry’s average speed in kilometres per hour?

Do NOT write in this area.

(b) A bucket can hold 9 litres of water. 1

Questions 11–22 are worth 38 marks in total

Do NOT write in this area.

A building plan of part of a house is shown.

Main bedroom are in millimetres.

your answer in metres.

Do NOT write in this area.

Calculate the area of the large shape.

Part of a spreadsheet used to model the reducing balance loan is shown.

Month Amount owing Interest Repayment Amount owing

Do NOT write in this area.

A right-angled triangle XYZ is shown. The length of XZ is 16 cm and YXZ = 30°.

Do NOT write in this area.

Question 29 continues on page 29

Number of goannas = ...................................

Number of emus = ........................................

Please turn over

He makes no further purchases or repayments during the month of May.

Do NOT write in this area.

(b) The minimum payment is calculated as 3% of the closing balance on 31 May. 1

Calculate the minimum payment.

Do NOT write in this area.

– 32 – © 2021 NSW Education Standards Authority

2021 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

–2– © 2021 NSW Education Standards Authority

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