1 Input data

Sr.no Description Information

1.1 Name of product High Tensile Steel Angle 100x100x8 Grade E350A IS 2062:2011
1.2 Name of test Tensile testing
1.3 Test method IS 1608 (Part-1): 2022
Uniaxial Testing Machine Digital type Universal
Testing Machine – UTE 60 (Max. Cap. 600KN)
1.4 Equipment used

1.5 Test parameter to be measured for uncertainty UTS

1.6 Unit of test parameter value N/mm2
1.7 Governing equation S=F/A = F/( W X T)
Where S = UTS , F = Ultimate Tensile Force
W= Width of sample , T = Thickness of sample
1.8 Unit of Force N
1.9 Unit of width mm
1.10 Unit of thickness mm

2 Contributors of Uncertainty

Original
Type of
Sr.no Description Designation measurement Distribution
Uncertainty
unit type
2.1 Uncertainty due to repeatability of measurements A UA MPa Normal
2.2 Propagated Standard Uncertainty from calibration of instrument B UB N Normal

2.3 Uncertainty due to resolution of testing machine(Force indicator of tensile testing machine) B UR1 N Rectangular

2.4 Uncertainty due dimension measurement instrument's resolution in thickness direction B UR2 mm Rectangular
2.5 Uncertainty due dimension measurement instrument's resolution in width direction B UR3 mm Rectangular

Type A Uncertainty calculation

3 Uncertainty due to repeatability of Measurements = U A

UTS (MPa or
Reading no Force (KN) Width(mm) Thickness (mm) Area (mm2)
N/mm2)
1 81.0 18.96 12.51 237.1896 341.50
2 82.0 19.03 12.49 237.68 344.99
3 82.0 19.36 12.50 241.98064 338.87
4 82.0 19.13 12.51 239.3163 342.64
5 81.0 19.35 12.48 241.488 335.42
Max 344.99
Average 82.00 19.36 12.51 241.98 340.685
Count (n) 5
4
Degrees of freedom (n-1)
Estimated Stanard Deviation 3.677 MPa
(s)
Uncertainty due to repeatability of test =s= UA 3.677 MPa

Type B Uncertainty calculation

4 Propagated Standard uncertainty from calibration of instrument(U B )
Source : Calibration certificate of load cell

4.1 Calibration data from calibration certificate

Standard
Expanded Uncertainty
uncertainty of Coverage of Measuremt
Force (KN) Measuremt ( ± factor (k) (±%) UN
%) a
=a/2

80 0.27 2 0.14

4.2 Probability distribution of repeatability test data Normal

4.3 Probability distribution of calibration data Normal
4.4 Conversion factor 1
4.5 Average of repeatability test data 82.000 KN
4.6 Propagated Standard Uncertainty from calibration of instrument (UB) UN X Average of load of repeatability test data
4.7.1 Propagated Standard Uncertainty from calibration of instrument (UB) 0.108 KN
4.7.2 Propagated Standard Uncertainty from calibration of instrument (UB) 108 N

5 Uncertainty due to resolution of testing machine (Force indicator of tensile testing machine): U R1
5.1 Source : Manufactuer's specification /least count of machine
5.2 Probability distribution Rectangular
5.3 Conversion factor from rectangular to normal distribution 1 0.577
5.4 Resolution of machine as stated by manufacturer (2a) 3 20 N

5.5 Uncertainty due to resolution of testing machine(Force indicator of tensile testing machine): UR1 5.774 N

5.774 N
5.6 Uncertainty due to resolution of testing machine (Force indicator of tensile testing machine): UR1

6 Uncertainty due dimension measurement instrument's resolution in thickness direction

6.1 Source : Manufactuer's specification /least count of machine
6.2 Probability distribution Rectangular
1
6.3 Conversion factor from rectangular to normal distribution 0.577
6.4 Resolution of instrument ( least count - 2a) 3 0.01 mm
6.5 Uncertainty due dimension measurement instrument in thickness direction: UR2 0.003 mm

7 Uncertainty due dimension measurement instrument's resolution in width direction

7.1 Source : Manufactuer's specification /least count of machine
7.2 Probability distribution 1
Rectangular
7.3 Conversion factor from rectangular to normal distribution 0.577
3
7.4 Resolution of instrument ( least count -2a) 0.01 mm
7.5 Uncertainty due dimension measurement instrument in width direction: UR2 0.003 mm

8 Uncertainty budget before unit correction

 Uncertainty Standard
source Uncertainty Type Unit Designation Distribution

Uncertainty due to
3.677 A MPa UA Normal
repeatability of measurements

Propagated Standard
Uncertainty from calibration 108 B N UB Normal
of instrument

Uncertainty due to resolution

of testing machine(Force
5.774 B N UR1 Rectangular
indicator of tensile testing
machine)
Uncertainty due dimension
measurement instrument's
0.003 B mm UR2 Rectangular
resolution in thickness
direction

Uncertainty due dimension

measurement instrument's 0.003 B mm UR3 Rectangular
resolution in width direction

9 Unit conversion - Finding out Sensitivity Co -Efficient

All uncertainty are expressed in different , but we need to express the unceratinty in the same unit of Type A uncertainty
as all Type B uncertainty has been already transformed in standard uncertainty in normal distribution form

F
9.1 Tensile Strength = S = F/TW 𝑆𝑆 =
TW
where S is the tensile strength, F is the load needed to break a test specimen, and T and W are the thickness and width respectively of the test specimen.
We obtain the sensitivity coefficients as follows

𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 1 𝑆𝑆 𝐶𝐶𝑓𝑓 = Sensitivity co efficient = Conversion factor to convert force unit to Stress unit
9.2 𝐶𝐶𝑓𝑓 = = 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 =
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝐹𝐹
𝜕𝜕𝑆𝑆 −𝐹𝐹 −𝑆𝑆 𝐶𝐶𝑡𝑡 =Sensitivity co efficient = Conversion factor to convert thickness unit to Stress unit
9.3 𝐶𝐶𝑇𝑇 = = = =
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑇𝑇 2 𝑊𝑊 𝑇𝑇

𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 −𝐹𝐹 −𝑆𝑆 𝐶𝐶𝑤𝑤 = Sensitivity co efficient = Conversion factor to convert width unit to Stress unit
9.4 𝐶𝐶𝑤𝑤 = = = =
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑇𝑇𝑊𝑊 2 𝑊𝑊

9.5 Average strength (UTS) in repeability test S 340.685 MPa or N/mm2

9.6 Avege force in repeability test F 82.000 KN
9.7 Average thickness in repeability test T 12.51 mm
9.8 Average width in repeability test w 19.36 mm

Cf
-2
9.9 0.0042 mm

CT
3
9.10 -27.233 N/mm

3
9.11 CW -17.597 N/mm

10 Uncertainty budget after unit correction

Standard Standard
Sensitivity Co Sensitivity Co
Uncertainty Uncertainty Uncertainty after Degrees of
Type Unit Designation Distribution efficient value efficient value
source before unit unit conversion freedom
/designation (Ci)
conversion (Ui) (MPa) (UiX Ci)

Uncertainty due to
3.677 A MPa UA Normal - 1 3.677 4
repeatability of measurements

Propagated Standard
Uncertainty from calibration 108 B N UB Normal Cf 0.0042 0.449 ∞
of instrument

Uncertainty due to resolution

of testing machine(Force
indicator of tensile testing
5.774 B N UR1 Rectangular Cf 0.0042 0.02399 ∞
machine)

Uncertainty due dimension

measurement instrument's
resolution in thickness
0.003 B mm UR2 Rectangular CT -27.233 -0.079 ∞
direction

Uncertainty due dimension

measurement instrument's 0.003 B mm UR3 Rectangular Cw -17.597 -0.051 ∞
resolution in width direction

11 Uncertainty budget after unit correction and adjustment of co related entities

Standard Standard
Sensitivity Co Sensitivity Co
Uncertainty Uncertainty Uncertainty after Degrees of
Type Unit Designation Distribution efficient value efficient value
source before unit unit conversion freedom
/designation (Ci)
conversion (Ui) (MPa) (Ui X Ci)

Uncertainty due to
repeatability of measurements 3.677 A MPa UA Normal - 1 3.677 4
Propagated Standard
Uncertainty from calibration
of instrument 108 B N UB Normal Cf 0.0042 0.449 ∞
Uncertainty due to resolution
of testing machine(Force
indicator of tensile testing
machine) 5.774 B N UR1 Rectangular Cf 0.0042 0.02399 ∞
 Uncertainty due dimension
measurement instrument's
resolution in thickness and
width direction - B mm UR4 Rectangular - - -0.129 ∞
10 Combined uncertainty = U C 𝑈𝑈𝐴𝐴2 + 𝑈𝑈𝐵𝐵2 + 𝑈𝑈𝑅𝑅𝑅
2 2
+ 𝑈𝑈𝑅𝑅𝑅 3.707 MPa
11 Confidence level 95.45 %
12 Coverage facor 2
13.1 Expanded uncertainty UE =K X UC 7.413 MPa
13.2 Expanded uncertainty UE =K X UC 2.176 % of Average value in reptability test
13 Reporting of result

14 Expanded Uncetianty of Tensile strength= Average value +/- Expanded Uncertainty (Unit of Uncertainty) = 340.685 ± 7.413 Mpa

@ 2.176 % at
340.685MPa