24-113-1-PB
24-113-1-PB
The brain in the human body is responsible for regulating the overall work
of the human body and mind. The left part of the brain is the center of
intelligence or commonly called Intelligence Quotient (IQ). Intelligence
can come from genes received by children from their parents that will
continue to develop along with a person's maturity process. An individual
will go through a transition period or transition period, namely in the early
adult phase so that individuals in the early adult phase often experience
Keywords unstable psychic conditions. This labile condition occurs in early adult
Early Adult Phase individuals in this case, namely students who are still not sure what
EEG potential interests and talents they have, causing students It felt wrong to
Neural Network take the major. The purpose of this study is to classify interests and
Interests aptitudes from EEG data obtained from interviewees with RMIB test
Aptitudes stimulus. In this study, testing will be carried out on the object of study
RMIB Test where the object of study is an individual in the early adult phase with
an age range between 18-30 years. The test is carried out using a beta
signal (12-30 Hz) resulting from an Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal
filter generated from recording EEG data with the NeuroSky Mindwave
tool and then reduced to get the best value or component with the
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. EEG data recording is
carried out 3 times with data recording intervals every 14 days. EEG data
is information that we can get from activity waves in the brain, because
waves in the brain cannot be observed visually. Testing on this study.
The EEG data obtained will go through the pre-processing stage, namely
signal filters and signal reduction and then will be classified using neural
networks with a backpropagation algorithm with Using 1 layer of hidden
layer. In this study, the results of the RMIB test carried out by the
interviewees were calculated by psychologists (expert judgement) which
were used as comparison data or the output produced by the system.
Testing is carried out by cross validation, which is to cross-test each data
retrieval. Accuracy testing on the first fetch resulted in an accuracy of
92.8571%, in the second data retrieval it produced an accuracy of
78.571%, in the third data retrieval it resulted in an accuracy of 71.4285%
with an average accuracy produced by the system of 80.9523%.
1. Introduction
The brain in humans is responsible for regulating the entire set of work of the human body and
mind. Therefore, that is the reason for the strong connection between the brain and the mind. The big
brain is divided into two parts, namely the right brain and the left brain. Experts say that the left
brain is the center of intellectual ability or Intelligence Quotient (IQ) [1], [2].
https://simple.ascee.org/ [email protected]
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The intelligence, interests and talents possessed by each individual are different. Intelligence can
be interpreted as a talent or ability possessed by an individual is innate obtained from his parents. The
level of intelligence can reflect the abilities of an individual and abilities can also come from other
people around that individual. Ability is directly proportional to interest, therefore if an individual
has an interest in a certain activity then the individual can like and pay attention to the activity with
a sense of pleasure and interest is an activity or activity that is fixed and is carried out to listen or pay
attention and keep memories of some of the activities carried out both intentional and unintentional
[3].
So that intelligence, interests and talents can be measured or known through electroencephalogram
(EEG) signals because EEG signals are bioelectrical signals that come from the surface of human
skin, EEG signals are complex and can be used as a source of information from what the brain does
or the functions of the brain. EEG signals are in the form of electrical waves that are very small in size
and different in each individual.
In this case, the intelligence test or commonly called the IQ test with the RMIB test question type
is a stimulus to obtain EEG data in the search for interests and talents from interviewees in the early
adult phase with an age range of 18-30 years. Where at this age is a transitional phase from adolescence
to adulthood (Natari, 2016). The reality that occurs today is not uncommon for individuals in the early
adult phase in this case, namely students who are still not sure what potential interests and talents they
have. So we also find various cases of students taking the wrong major because of the uncertainty that
arises in the chosen major with what has been lived is different from what they decided when choosing
the major to be pursued.
This problem is proven by the results of research by Youthmanual, Tech Incubator of Multimedia
Nusantara University that 92% of high school / K students and equivalent are confused and do not
know what major they will take in the future and 45% of students feel wrong in taking a major and
this research also found the main factor that causes the problem, namely they do not understand what
interests and talents or potentials they have. Meanwhile, the results of research by the Indonesia Career
Center Network (ICNN) stated that 87% of Indonesian students took the wrong major [4], [5].
In this study, EEG raw data obtained from interviewees who had done the RMIB test as a stimulus
would go through the pre-processing stage, namely the filter process into beta waves (13-30 Hz). The
next process is to reduce beta waves with the Principal Component Analysis method to get the best
value components and then in the process with a backpropagation artificial neural network to be
classified and then the results are compared with the RMIB test results that have been done by the
examiner and have been calculated by psychologists as experts.
2. Literature Review
2.1. Previous Studies
The research conducted by Ani and Hindarto (2017) resulted in the Extraction of EEG Signal
Characteristics for Epilepsy Disease Disorders Using the Wavelet Method. This study was conducted
because epilepsy occurs because there is a disturbance of the nervous system in the human brain,
which is recorded from the EEG signal [6].
2.2. Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence is a part of computer science that studies how a computer or machine can be
made in such a way as to be able to do work like the ability of humans to get work done. Artificial
intelligence is a computer system formed to know and model human thought processes and design
machines to mimic human behavior [7].
2.3. Electroencephalogram (EEG)
EEG signals are bioelectrical signals that come from the surface of human skin, these EEG signals
are complex and can be used as a source of information from what the brain does or brain function.
EEG signals are in the form of electrical waves that are very small in size, so direct visual observation
is very difficult to do. EEG signals are recorded and processed to provide information on electrical
activity within the brain. The form of EEG signals in each person is different because it is influenced
by various types of influences such as emotional state, mental, age, activity and health conditions.
These EEG signals make it easier to provide information from the mind to an individual [8].
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The frequency of the dominant EEG signal wave generated will differ depending on the activities
carried out by one person to another. The first signal wave is Alpha (8-12Hz) with the activity carried
out is relaxation starting to rest or in the transition period from the conscious state to the unconscious
state. Beta waves (13-30Hz) are activities that are fully concentrated in, including in a state of
thinking, focus, and alertness. Theta waves(4-7Hz) individuals are in a mild sleep state, or very
drowsy. Delta waves (0.1-3Hz) are conditions in which an individual is fast asleep [9].
2.4. Neural Network
In this study using the neural network method, it is a paradigm of processing information inspired
by biological nerve cell systems, just like the human brain processing information. The element that
forms the basis of this paradigm is the new structure of an information processing system. Artificial
neural networks are just like humans, where they can learn from an example seen. Artificial neural
networks are formed to solve or provide solutions to specific problems such as pattern recognition
or classification resulting from the learning process [10]. As in Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is an artificial neural
network structure with a backpropagation algorithm.
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3. Method
3.1. Object of Research
Because the purpose of this study is to find out the potential interests and talents in the early adult
phase, the object of this study is individuals with the age of 18-30 which in this case is students.
3.2. System Testing
In this study, system testing was carried out with several tests, namely:
1. Testing Training Data and Test Data
Testing of training data and test data is carried out with cross validation models, namely by creating
3 cross validation models.
2. Calculation of Accuracy Rate
Calculation of the accuracy rate using the confussion matrix, based on the values in Table 1 can
produce precission, recall and accuracy values
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In Table 2, it can be explained that the reduction results in the initial EEG data of 153600 to 42
data have a total weight of 84.77%, which means that the 42 data of the reduction results represent
84.77% of the initial 153600 data.
4.4. System Design
1. Flowchart Design
a. Fig. 3 flowchart classification of interests and talents
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4.5. Implementation
1. Initial View
The initial view of the created system is as shown in Fig. 5 to Fig. 7.
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Listing Description 1:
a. The first line is for the data load process by retrieving files that have the format *.txt.
b. The second line is to filter the signal into a beta signal (13-30 Hz) and reduce it with PCA.
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inputRMIB(:,27),inputRMIB(:,28),inputRMIB(:,29),inputRM B(:,12..
IB(:,30)… inputRMIB(:,13),inputRMIB(:,14),inputRMIB(:,15),inputRM
inputRMIB(:,31),inputRMIB(:,32),inputRMIB(:,33),inputRM IB(:,16)...
IB(:,34)... inputRMIB(:,17),inputRMIB(:,18),inputRMIB(:,19),inputRM
inputRMIB(:,35),inputRMIB(:,36),inputRMIB(:,37),inputRM IB(:,20)...
IB(:,38)... inputRMIB(:,21),inputRMIB(:,22),inputRMIB(:,23),inputRM
inputRMIB(:,39),inputRMIB(:,40),inputRMIB(:,41),inputRM IB(:,24)...
IB(:,42)]; inputRMIB(:,25),inputRMIB(:,26),inputRMIB(:,27),inputRM
xlRange = 'C49:P49'; IB(:,28)];
elseif get(handles.r2,'Value') xlRange = 'AE49:AR49';
target = end
[inputRMIB(:,15),inputRMIB(:,16),inputRMIB(:,17),inputR % Prepare training data and training targets
MIB(:,18)... data_latih = [dataLatih];
inputRMIB(:,19),inputRMIB(:,20),inputRMIB(:,21),inputRM target_latih = [targetLatih];
IB(:,22)... [~,N] = size(data_latih);
inputRMIB(:,23),inputRMIB(:,24),inputRMIB(:,25),inputRM
IB(:,26)...
inputRMIB(:,27),inputRMIB(:,28)];
targetLatih = [targetData13];
dataLatih =
[inputRMIB(:,1),inputRMIB(:,2),inputRMIB(:,3),inputRMIB
(:,4)...
inputRMIB(:,5),inputRMIB(:,6),inputRMIB(:,7),inputRMIB(:
,8)...
inputRMIB(:,9),inputRMIB(:,10),inputRMIB(:,11),inputRMI
B(:,12..
inputRMIB(:,13),inputRMIB(:,14),inputRMIB(:,29),inputRM
IB(:,30)...
Description:
a. The first row is a fork to specify the training data and the target data.
b. The second line is the process of creating artificial neural networks such as assigning
parameter values that affect the training process, training process and results after training.
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c. The third line is the creation of a comparison graph plot between the system output and
the results of expert judgement.
d. The fourth line is a function to calculate the accuracy of the system.
4.6. Testing
Testing is carried out to conduct trials on systems that have been completed by applying them
using EEG data that has been obtained as many as 42 data from three data collections and the results
have been determined by experts to be used as a reference on the system can be seen in the Table 3.
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System Results
(Neuron Hidden Layer)
Beta Signal Expert
No
Reduction Judgement
6 7 8 9 10
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 3 3 3 3 3 3
3 4 4 4 4 4 4
4 6 6 6 6 6 6
5 2 2 2 2 2 2
6 7 2 2 2 2 1
7 2 2 2 2 2 2
8 9 9 9 9 9 9
9 6 6 6 6 6 6
10 2 2 2 2 2 2
11 4 4 4 4 4 4
12 9 9 9 9 9 9
13 2 2 2 2 2 2
14 2 2 2 2 2 2
15 1 1 1 1 1 1
16 2 2 2 2 2 2
17 5 5 5 5 5 5
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System Results
(Neuron Hidden Layer)
Beta Signal Expert
No
Reduction Judgement
6 7 8 9 10
18 6 6 6 6 6 6
19 2 2 2 2 2 2
20 7 1 3 3 4 5
21 7 1 3 3 4 5
22 9 9 9 9 9 9
23 10 8 3 8 6 6
24 2 2 2 2 2 2
25 4 4 4 4 4 4
26 9 9 9 9 9 9
27 2 2 2 2 2 2
28 2 2 2 2 2 2
29 1 1 1 1 1 1
30 2 8 6 3 6 5
31 5 5 5 5 5 5
32 2 2 2 2 2 2
33 2 2 2 2 2 2
34 8 5 6 5 6 4
35 7 5 6 5 6 4
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System Results
(Neuron Hidden Layer)
Beta Signal Expert
No
Reduction Judgement
6 7 8 9 10
36 9 9 9 9 9 9
37 4 4 4 4 4 4
38 2 2 2 2 2 2
39 4 4 4 4 4 4
40 9 9 9 9 9 9
41 8 5 6 6 6 4
42 3 3 3 3 3 3
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In Table 7, it is explained that in number 1, namely accuracy number 2 precision and number 3 is
recall.
5. Conclusion
The results of identifying potential interests and talents using the Neural Network Backpropagation
method resulted in the largest percentage of accuracy in the first retrieval data of 92.8571% using the
neuron value on the hidden layer = 7 which resulted in a better number of iterations compared to the
use of neuron values on the hidden layer others such as 6, 8, 9 and 10 while the average accuracy
produced by the system of the three antiquities on each take is 80.9523%. This result is directly
proportional to the problem of psychological tests regarding where the subject will remember the first
measurement and simply repeat the answer at the next measurement without thinking about it again.
The speaker will feel that the first measurement has already been made so that the next measurement
will answer not seriously. This causes the percentage of accuracy in each data retrieval to always
decrease. The application of the Neural Network Backpropagation method to the system created is
able to classify interests and talents from EEG data and is able to provide feature value information
on each data.
If you use the same stimulus continuously in multiple data retrievals, the data retrieval time interval
is extended again with a minimum of 15 days apart. Using other methods of EEG data extraction to
obtain values that are important for the testing and training process because of the very length of data
in EEG data will consume more time if directly through the training and testing process. Ensure that
the EEG data recorder is properly attached to the narrator during data recording so that the resulting
data is good. In taking EEG data, the interviewee must get a more conducive place for the work of his
stimuli such as the RMIB test or other tests because they are prone to getting a lot of noise on the data
obtained if the narrator is disturbed by what is around him.
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Ahmad Azhari et.al (Classification of interests and talents in early adult phase based on RMIB test with neural network)