1.

Read the text below and choose the word that best fits each of the blanks in the following
passage.
THE CHANGING EARTH
Although the earth was formed about 4,500 million years ago, human beings have inhabited it for less
than half a million years. Within this time, population has increased hugely and people have had a vast
(1) ___________ upon the earth. They have long been able to (2) ____________ the forces of nature to
use. Now, with modern technology, they have the power to alter the balance of life on earth.
Reports back from the first astronauts helped dispel the dangerous (3) ____________ that the world had
no boundaries and had limitless resources. (4) ______________, ecologists have shown that all forms of
life on earth are interconnected, so it (5) ______________ that all human activity has an effect on the
natural environment.
In recent years, people have been putting the environment under stress. As a result, certain (6)
____________ materials such as timber, water and minerals are beginning to (7) ____________ short.
Pollution and the (8) _____________ of waste are already critical issues, and the state of the environment
is fast becoming the most pressing problem (9) ______________ us all. The way we response to the
challenge will have a profound effect on the earth and its life support system. However, despite all these
threats, there are (10) ______________ signs. Over the past few decades, the growth in population has
been more than matched by food production, indicating that we should be able to feed ourselves for some
time yet.
1. A. imprint B. indication C. impression D. impact
2. A. put B. make C. place D. stand
3. A. judgement B. notion C. reflection D. concept
4. A. However B. Likewise C. Moreover D. Otherwise
5. A. results B. follows C. complies D. develops
6. A. raw B. coarse C. crude D. rough
7. A. turn B. come C. go D. run
8. A. disposal B. displacement C. dismissal D. disposition
9. A. encountering B. opposing C. meeting D. confronting
10. A. stimulating B. welcoming C. satisfying D. reassuring
II. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer A, B, C or D, to each of the following
questions. (2.0 points)
Recent technological advances in manned and unmanned undersea vehicles, along with breakthroughs in
satellite technology and computer equipment, have overcome some of the limitations of divers and diving
equipment. Without a vehicle, divers often became sluggish and their mental concentration was limited.
Because of undersea pressure that affected their speech organs, communication among divers was
difficult or impossible. But today, most oceanographers make direct observations by means of
instruments that are lowered into the ocean, from samples taken from the water, or from photographs
made by orbiting satellites. Direct observations of the ocean floor are made not only by divers but also by
deep-diving submarines and aerial photography. Some of the submarines can dive to depths of more than
seven miles and cruise at depths of fifteen thousand feet. In addition, radio-equipped buoys can be
operated by remote control in order to transmit information back to land-based laboratories, often via
satellite. Particularly important are data about water temperature, currents and weather. Satellite
photographs can show the distribution of sea ice, oil slicks, and cloud formations over the ocean. Maps
created from satellite pictures can represent the temperature and the color of the ocean's surface, enabling
researchers to study the ocean currents. Furthermore, computers help oceanographers to collect and
analyze data from submarines and satellites. By creating a model of the ocean's movements and
characteristics, scientists can predict the patterns and possible effects of the ocean on the environment.
Recently, many oceanographers have been relying more on satellites and computers than on research
ships or even submarine vehicles because they can supply a greater range of information more quickly
and more efficiently. Some of mankind's most serious problems, especially those concerning energy and
food, may be solved with the help of observations made possible by this new technology.
1. With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?
A. Technological advances in oceanography B. Communication among divers
C. Direct observations of the ocean floor D. Undersea vehicles
2. The word 'sluggish' is closest in meaning to _________.
A. nervous B. confused C. slow moving D. useless
3. Divers have had problems in communicating underwater because __________.
A. the pressure affected their speech organs B. the vehicles they used have not been perfected
C. they did not pronounce clearly D. the water destroyed their speech organs
4. This passage suggests that the successful exploration of the ocean depends upon _________.
A. vehicles as well as divers B. radios that divers use to communicate
C. controlling currents and the weather D. the limitations of diving equipment
5. Undersea vehicles __________.
A. are too small for a man to fit inside B. are very slow to respond
C. have the same limitations that divers have D. make direct observations of the ocean floor
6. The word 'cruise' could best be replaced by ________.
A. travel at a constant speed B. function without problems
C. stay in communication D. remain still
7. How is a radio-equipped buoy operated?
A. By operators inside the vehicles in the part underwater
B. By operators outside the vehicle on a ship
C. By operators outside the vehicle on a diving platform
D. By operators outside the vehicle in a laboratory on shore
8. Which of the following is NOT shown in satellite photographs?
A. The temperature of the ocean's surface B. Cloud formations over the ocean
C. A model of the ocean's movements D. The location of sea ice
9. The word 'those' refers to _________.
A. energy and food B. problems
C. observations D. vehicles
10. According to the author, what are some of the problems the underwater studies may eventually
resolve?
A. Weather and temperature control B. Food and energy shortages
C. Transportation and communication problems D. Overcrowding and housing problem

III. Read the passage carefully and fill in each gap with ONE suitable word. (2.0 points)
CLASSROOMS OF THE FUTURE: INTERNET WITHOUT WIRES
Computer and the Internet are giving rise to virtual universities, and the effects of technology are being
felt (1) ___________ in grade schools. Teachers now have to rethink their approach to the subject and
may need retraining (2) ___________. Here's how computer science is changing the (3) ____________
you and your children learn. When students go to class at California's Stanford University, they can
power up their laptop computer by (4) ___________ them into floor sockets as numerous as beanbags
that pass for furniture. But (5) ____________ retrofitting telephone cables into classrooms is not easy or
inexpensive feat, especially in older buildings, such case of access (6) ___________ only a dream for
most schools. One plan addresses the infrastructure of schools and would use low-power radio signals to
distribute online text and video information within buildings or across an entire campus. A good (7)
___________ of this initiative is a program called Class Link, funded by the Cellular
Telecommunications Industry Association Foundation. These wireless links (8) ______________ the
students with Internet access at (9) ___________ of up to 1.5 bits per second, roughly equivalent to
expensive fiber-optic lines but (10) ____________ high cost.
I. Read the text below and choose the word that best fits each of the blanks in the following
passage. (1.0 point)
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
Earth is the only place we know of in the universe that can support human life, (1)
human activities are making the planet less fit to live on. As the western world carries on consuming
two-thirds of the world's resources while half of the world's population do so (2)
to stay alive, we are rapidly destroying the lonely resource we have by (3) all people can survive and
prosper. Everywhere fertile soil is (4) built on or washed into
the sea. Renewable resources are exploited so much that they will never be able to recover (5)
 We discharge pollutants into the atmosphere without any thought of the consequences.
(6) , the planet's ability to support people is being reduced at the very time when rising human
numbers and consumption are (7) increasingly heavy demands on it.
The Earth's (8) resources are there for us to use. We need food, water, air, energy,
medicines, warmth, shelter and minerals to (9) us fed, comfortable, healthy
and active. If we are sensible in how we use the resources, they will last (10) . But if we
use them wastefully and excessively, they will soon run out and everyone will suffer.
1. A. still B. despite C. yet D. although
2. A. for B. just C. already D. entirely
3. A. what B. that C. which D. then
4. A. sooner B. rather C. either D. neither
5. A. completely B. quite C. greatly D. utterly
6. A. As a result B. Moreover C. However D. Notwithstanding
7. A. having B. doing C. taking D. making
8. A. natural B. real C. living D. genuine
9. A. stay B. keep C. maintain D. hold
10. A. indefinitely B. definitely C. infinitely D. inflexibly

II. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer A, B, C or D, to each of the following
questions. (2.0 points)
Television’s contribution to family life in the United states has been an equivocal one. For while it has
indeed, kept the members of the family from dispersing, it has not served to bring them together. By
dominating the time families spend together, it destroys the special quality that distinguishes one family
from another, a quality that depends to a great extent on what a family does, what special rituals, games,
recurrent jokes, familiar songs, and shared activities it accumulates.
“Like the sorcerer of old” writes Urie Bronfenbrenner; “the television set casts its magic spell, freezing
speech and action, turning the living into silent statues so long as the enchantment lasts. The primary
danger of the television screen lies not so much in the behavior it produces – although there is danger
there – as in the behavior it prevents: the talks, games, family festivities, and arguments through which
much of the child’s learning takes place and through which character is formed. Turning on the television
set can turn off the process that transforms children into people.”
Of course, families today still do special things together at times: go camping in the summer, go to the
zoo on a nice Sunday, take various trips and expeditions. But the ordinary daily life together is
diminished – that sitting around at the dinner table, that spontaneous taking up of an activity, those little
games invented by children on the spur of the moment when there is nothing else to do, the scribbling,
the chatting, the quarreling, all the things that form the fabric of a family that define a childhood.
Instead, the children have their regular schedule of television programs and bedtime, and the parents
have their peaceful dinner together. But surely the needs of adults are being better met than the needs of
children, who are effectively shunted away and rendered untroublesome.
If the family does not accumulate its backlog of shared experiences, shared everyday experiences that
occur and recur and change and develop, then it is not likely to survive as anything other than a
caretaking institution.
1. Which of the following best represents the author’s argument in the passage?
A. Television has negative effects on family life.
B. Television has advantages and disadvantages for children.
C. Television should be more educational.
D. Television teaches children to be violent.
2. The word that in the 1st paragraph refers to
A. contribution B. television C. special quality D. the time
3. Why is Urie Bronfenbrenner quoted in paragraph 2?
A. To present a different point of view from that of the author.
B. To provide an example of a television program that is harmful.
C. To expand the author’s argument.
D. To discuss the positive aspects of television.
4. The word freezing in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. controlling B. halting C. dramatizing D. encouraging.
5. Urie Bronfenbrenner compares the television set to
A. statue B. an educator C. a family member D. a magician.
6. A child’s character is formed through all of the following EXCEPT .
A. talks B. games C. family festivities D. peaceful dinners
7. The thing that “form the fabric of a family” in paragraph 3 are
A. special thing B. ordinary things C. television programs D. children.
8. The word it in the last paragraph refers to
A. the television B. the family C. its backlog D.an institution.
9. According to the author, what distinguishes one family from another?
A. Doing ordinary things together. B. Watching television together.
C. Celebrating holidays together. D. Living together.
10. It can be inferred from the passage that a caretaking institution is one in which care is given
____________.
A. charitably B. lovingly C. constantly D. impersonally.

III. Read the passage carefully and fill in each gap with ONE suitable word. (2.0 points) THE
IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS
Man has always depended on plants (1) food and many other useful products.
For this reason, farming is one of the world's most important industries. At first, (2)
man did not know how to plant seeds and raise crops. He (3) wild fruits and vegetables where he
found them. Then man discovered how to grow his own food. He planted seeds and waited for the crop
to grow. For the first time, he could be reasonably sure of his food (4)
. He could settle down and build shelters in the places (5) he grew food.
As populations began to increase, the demand for food became greater. Old-fashioned tools and farming
methods were insufficient in (6) the demand, so man cultivated more and more land and invented
complicated machines to make his work easier. Tractors replaced horses and other farm animals.
Scientists studied and (7) with plants. They told farmers how to
(8) plant diseases, and how to grow bigger and better crops. Now one
man, with a wide knowledge of plants and the (9) of machines, can cultivate
hundreds of acres. He can raise plants which did not originally grow in the soil or (10)
of his community
1. Read the text below and choose the word that best fits each of the blanks in the following passage.
(1.0 pt.)
Sleeping disorders like insomnia can prove to be a (1) ___________ question for many of us. Almost
anyone can easily conjure up at least one sleepless night of (2) ___________ and turning in bed awaiting
the bliss of the deep dream. Most probably, a third of us undergo the distressing experience at least once a
week.
Even though it is possible for people to (3) ___________ without any sleep at all for a certain period of
time, such occurrences are rather few and far between and there is no evidence to substantiate this
assumption. What is sure, (4) ____________, is the fact that we do need some sleep to regenerate our
strength and to (5) ____________ the brain to its proper activity. No wonder, then, that the tiredness and
fatigue (6) ____________ appear after a sleepless night compel many of us to go for chemical support in
the form of sleep inducing tablets or powders.
However long the problem of sleeplessness has afflicted many individuals, very little has been (7)
____________ in the question of its original causes. We are conscious that it usually (8) _____________
those who are exposed to a great deal of stress, anxiety or depression. It may also be engendered by
overworking or unfavorable surroundings with scarcity of fresh air.
Sleeping pills may provide some relief and can act as an alternative in this desperate situation. Yet, they
do little to combat the ailment in full. Consequently, our hopes should be (9) _____________ on the
medical authorities to (10) _____________ the root cause of insomnia before we take to being nocturnals
leading our noisy lives in the dead of night.
1. A worrying B. embarrassing C. controversial D. academic
2. A. rolling B. wriggling C. tossing D. spinning
3. A. operate B. process C. function D. perform
4. A however B. therefore C. in addition D. though
5. A recuperate B. restore C. revive D. resume
6. A. when B. who C. what D. that
7. A. disparaged B. retrieved C. detected D. originated
8. A. betrays B. besets C. bemoans D bestows
9. A. placed B. ascribed C. focused D. attached
10. A. emerge B. release C. determine D. confess

II. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer A, B, C, or D to each of the following
questions. (2.0 pts.)
Aviculturists, people who raise birds for commercial sale, have not yet learned how to simulate the
natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild. They continue to look for better ways to increase egg
production and to improve chick survival rates.
When parrots incubate their eggs in the wild, the temperature and humidity of the nest are controlled
naturally. Heat is transferred from the bird's skin to the top portion of the eggshell, leaving the sides and
bottom of the egg at a cooler temperature. This temperature gradient may be vital to successful hatching.
Nest construction can contribute to this temperature gradient Nests of loosely arranged sticks, rocks, or
dirt are cooler in temperature at the bottom where the egg contacts the nesting material. Such nests also
act as humidity regulators by allowing rain to drain into the bottom sections of the nest so that the eggs
are not in direct contact with the water. As the water that collects in the bottom of the nest evaporates, the
water vapor rises and is heated by the incubating bird, which adds significant humidity to the incubation
environment.
In artificial incubation programs, aviculturists remove eggs from the nests of parrots and incubate them
under laboratory conditions. Most commercial incubators heat the eggs fairly evenly from top to bottom,
thus ignoring the bird's method of natural incubation, and perhaps reducing the viability and survivability
of the hatching chicks. When incubators are not used, aviculturists sometimes suspend wooden boxes
outdoors to use as nests in which to place eggs. In areas where weather can become cold after eggs are
laid, it is very important to maintain a deep foundation of nesting material to act as insulator against the
cold bottom of the box. If eggs rest against the wooden bottom in extremely cold weather conditions, they
can become chilled to a point where the embryo can no longer survive. Similarly, these boxes should be
protected from direct sunlight to avoid high temperatures that are also fatal to the growing embryo.
Nesting material should be added in sufficient amounts to avoid both extreme temperature situations
mentioned above and assure that the eggs have a soft, secure place to rest.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Nesting material varies according to the parrots' environment.
B. Humidity is an important factor in incubating parrots' eggs.
C. Aviculturists have constructed the ideal nest box for parrots.
D. Wild parrots' nests provide information useful for artificial incubation.
2. What happens when the temperature of the sides and bottom of the egg is cooler than the top?
A. There may be a good chance for successful incubation
B. The embryo will not develop normally
C. The incubating parent moves the egg to a new position.
D. The incubation process is slowed down
3. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Nests in the wild can regulate humidity.
B. Nest construction plays a pivotal role in the successful hatching.
C. Aviculturists are not aware of how to simulate the natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild.
D. The condition in the laboratory is more ideal for the survivability of hatching chicks than that in the
nature.
4. According to paragraph 2, the construction of the nest allows water to ___________.
A. provide a beneficial source of humidity in the nest
B. loosen the materials at the bottom of the nest
C. keep the nest in a clean condition
D. touch the bottom of the eggs
5. The word "They" in the first paragraph refers to ___________.
A. people B. survival rates C. aviculturists D. parrot eggs
6. All of the following are parts of a parrot's incubation method EXCEPT ____________.
A. heating the water vapor as it rises from the bottom of the nest.
B. arranging nesting material at the bottom of the nest.
C. transferring heat from the parent to the top of the eggshell.
D. maintaining a constant temperature on the eggshell.
7. The word "suspend" is closest in meaning to ____________.
A. build B. paint C. hang D. move
8. According to paragraph 3, a deep foundation of nesting material provides ___________.
A. a constant source of humidity B. a strong nest box
C. more room for newly hatched chicks D. protection against cold weather
9. The word "fatal" is closest in meaning to ___________.
A. close B. deadly C. natural D. hot
10. It can be inferred from the passage that commercial incubators ___________.
A. lack the natural temperature changes of the outdoors
B. are unable to heat the eggs evenly
C. do not transfer heat to the egg in the same way the parent bird does
D. are expensive to operate

III. Read the passage carefully and fill each blank with ONE suitable word. (2.0 pts.)
Most human diets (1) ____________ between 10 and 15 percent of their total calories as protein. The rest
of the (2) ____________ energy comes from carbohydrates, fats, and in some people, alcohol. The
proportion of calories from fats (3) _____________ from 10 percent in poor communities to 40 percent
or more in rich communities.
In addition to providing energy, fats have several other functions in the body. The fat-soluble vitamins, A,
D, E, and K, are (4) ____________ in fats, as their name implies. Good sources of these vitamins have
high oil or fat content, and the vitamins are (5) _____________ in the body's fatty tissues. In the diet, fats
cause food to remain longer in the stomach, thus increasing the feeling of fullness for some time after a
meal is eaten. Fats add variety, taste, and texture to foods, which (6) _____________ for the popularity of
fried foods. Fatty deposits in the body have an insulating and protective value. The curves of the human
female body are (7) _____________ mostly to strategically located fat deposits.
(8) _____________ a certain amount of fat in the diet is essential to human health is not definitely
known. When rats are fed a (9) _____________ diet, their growth eventually ceases, their skin becomes
inflamed and scaly, and their reproductive systems are damaged.Two fatty acids, linoleic and arachidonic
acids, prevent these abnormalities and hence are called eseential fatty acids. They are also required by a
number of other animals, but their roles in human beings are debatable. Most nutritionists consider
linoleic fatty acid an essential (10) ____________for humans.