LESSON 4 – PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE – SIMPLE PAST TENSE

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PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE.

Este tiempo verbal se utiliza para describir algo que está pasando en el momento de hablar.
Todo verbo conjugado en presente continuo debe terminar en “ing”.

Recuerda que al conjugar los verbos, se debe sacar el “to”, que se encuentra en su infinitivo.

Conjugation: Verb "To Work”

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

I am working. I am not working. Am I working?

You are working. You are not working. Are you working?
He is working. He is not working. Is he working?
She is working. She is not working. Is she working?
It is working. It is not working. Is it working?
We are working. We are not working. Are we working?
You are working. You are not working. Are you working?
They are working. They are not working. Are they working?

Examples:

You are walking. They are running. I am applying. She is swimming.

He is reading. I am traveling. You are eating. We are walking.

La fórmula o estructura para la mayoría de los casos del presente continuo es muy sencilla:

Sujeto + am/are/is (verbo to be) + verbo que termina en “ing”.

Con muchos verbos, puede agregar simplemente el “ING” al final del verbo. Sin embargo,
con muchos verbos, debes cambiar el final un poco. Aquí están las reglas:

Verb ending in How to make the “ing” form Examples

Cuando un verbo termina en Se debe duplicar la última letra swim – swimming
consonante + vocal + consonante para agregar la terminación “ing” hit – hitting
get – getting

Si el verbo termina en “e” Se elimina la “e” y se coloca “ing” come - coming

lose – losing
live – living

Los verbos que terminan en doble “e” Conservan esta terminación see – seeing
y agregan al final el “ing”.

Verbos terminados en “ie” colocan en su lugar una “y” + “ing” lie – lying

Para todo lo demás Se agrega el “ing” read – reading

walk – walking
wear – wearing

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FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE VERB “TO BE” AND THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS:

I __am asking__ the questions (ask) You ______________ boots (wear)

We ______________ for work (look) She ______________ her friend (call)

He _______________ a house (build) They ________________ lunch (cook)

We ________________ a story (tell) You ________________ for the bus (wait)

I ________________ a book (read) John ________________ berries (pick)

Mary ________________ a letter (write) They ________________ about us (worry)

He ________________ noise (make) Paul and David _______________ to school (hurry)

I __________________ the sunset (see) You and I _______________ to school (walk)

WRITE SENTENCES IN THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS (ADD THE VERB “TO BE”):
I / study / psychology The bus / come / early

_I am studying psychology_______ _______________________________

We / plan / our work They / wait / for the train

______________________________ _______________________________
She / walk / to the university I / have / a good time

______________________________ _______________________________
You / run / to the office He / cut / the tree

______________________________ _______________________________
She / eat / an apple It / rain / now

______________________________ _______________________________

SIMPLE PAST TENSE.

Como en el tiempo Pasado Simple hacen referencia a acciones que ya ocurrieron, siempre
deben ir en un contexto pasado, ya sea porque se está contando una historia que ya pasó, o
bien usando complementos de tiempo pasado, como:
yesterday last night last week last month last year in 1970
Comenzaremos con la conjugación del verbo “to be”. Para la primera y tercera persona es
“was”, para todas las demás, es “were”.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I was I was not Was I?
You were You were not Were you?
He was He was not Was he?
She was She was not Was she?
It was It was not Was it?
We were We were not Were we?
You were You were not Were you?

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 They were They were not Were they?
Examples:
I was in London last year. Sarah and Tom were in London last year.
Estuve en Londres el año pasado. Sarah y Tom estuvieron en Londres el año pasado.

El verbo “to have” en pasado es “had”. Es igual para todas las personas.
I had breakfast at 8 o'clock. Tomé el desayuno a las 8 en punto.
Para usar otros verbos en este tiempo, se usa la forma del verbo en pasado simple, que es
igual para todas las personas. La formación del pasado simple depende si el verbo es regular o
irregular.

REGULAR VERBS.
En el caso de los verbos regulares, el pasado simple se forma tomando el propio verbo y
agregando "ed", o "d" si termina en vocal. Si el verbo termina en “consonante + vocal”
generalmente se duplica la consonante y se agrega el “ed”. Si termina en “consonante + y”, se
cambia la “y” por “ied”, pero si el verbo termina en “vocal + y”, solo se agrega el “ed”.
Examples:
We played tennis for two hours. She arrived late. You studied a lot.
Jugamos tenis por dos horas. Ella llegó tarde. Estudiaste mucho.
La forma interrogativa se compone del auxiliar “did”, seguido de la persona y el verbo en
infinitivo, EI auxiliar es igual para todas las personas.
Conjugation: Verb "To Work”

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

I worked. I did not work. Did I work?

You worked. You did not work. Did you work?
He worked. He did not work. Did he work?
She worked. She did not work. Did she work?
It worked. It did not work. Did it work?
We worked. We did not work. Did we work?
You worked. You did not work. Did you work?
They worked. They did not work. Did they work?

IRREGULAR VERBS.
Los verbos irregulares tienen su propia forma del pasado simple y la única manera de
aprenderlos es memorizarlos.
Por ejemplo, el pasado del verbo “to go” (ir) es "went". El pasado de “to see” (ver) es "saw".
Siempre es igual para todas las personas.
We went to London in 1994. We saw the double-decker buses.
Fuimos a Londres es 1994 Vimos los autobuses de dos pisos.

Examples:
Lisa went to the supermarket yesterday. Sam heard a weird noise.
My brother saw a movie yesterday. Last week, I fell into the bushes.
I wrote a letter to my mom. My mother bought a dress for me.

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Presentamos aquí una pequeña lista de algunos verbos irregulares con su pasado simple.
INFINITIVO PASADO SIMPLE
Go (ir) went
Have (tener) had
Write (escribir) wrote
Read (leer) read
Catch (atrapar) caught
Fall (caer) fell
Hear (escuchar) heard
See (ver) saw
Say (decir) said
Give (dar) gave
Know (saber) knew

WRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES IN THEIR NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE FORM:

John walked to his room. ______________________________________. negative.

___________________________________? Interrogative.

Lisa talked to her mom. ______________________________________. negative.

___________________________________? Interrogative.

You went to Paris last year. ______________________________________. negative.

___________________________________? Interrogative.

Stephen King wrote many books. ______________________________________. negative.

___________________________________? Interrogative.

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE PAST SIMPLE FORM OF THE VERBS:

We really __________________ (enjoy) the game last Sunday.

They __________________ (play) very well yesterday.

Sandra __________________ (not want) to go fishing with me.

Did Marco __________________ (win) the golf competition?

James __________________ (stop) his car in front of the sports shops.

CHANGE THE SENTENCES TO PRESENT CONTINUOUS AND TO SIMPLE PAST:

I go shopping. John runs to the store. She goes to my school.

__________________ ___________________ __________________

__________________ ___________________ __________________