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CODES & STANDARDS

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7 views

CODES & STANDARDS

Uploaded by

kennedymugambi161
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EMC 4317 : MECH DESIGN ENG.

II - HANDOUT
DESIGNING TO CODES AND STANDARDS

Designing with codes and standards has two chief aspects:

1. It makes best practice available to everyone therefore ensuring efficiency


and safety
2. It promotes interchangeability and compatibility.

A code is a set of rules or collection of laws that assist a government agency in


meeting its obligation to protect the general welfare by preventing damage of
property injury of loss of life to persons. E.g. local city building code or fire code.
A standard is less prescriptive. It establishes a basis for comparison. Many
standards describe a best way to perform some test so that the data obtained can
be reliably compared with data obtained by other persons. A specification describes
how a system should work, and is usually is much more specific and detailed than a
standard, but sometimes it is difficult to differentiate between documents that are
called standards and those called specifications

Performance codes are stated in terms of the specific requirement that is expected
to be achieved. Prescriptive codes/specification codes –state the requirements in
terms of specific details & leave no discretion to the designer.

Design standards fall into 3 categories:

Performance , test methods and codes of practice.

 Performance standards for products: seat belts , lumber & auto crash safety.
 Test method standards- methods of measuring material properties such yield
strength, thermal conductivity or electrical resistivity.
 Codes of practice- give detailed design methods for repetitive technical
problems such as the design of piping, heat exchangers and pressure vessels

A number of other professional and technical societies have made important


contributions through standards activities. The active producers of standards are:
In Kenya KEBS,EBK & IEK take part in standards development in Kenya together
with industry stakeholders such as KAM (Kenya Association of Manufacturers)

Because of the growing importance of world trade, foreign standards are becoming
more important. Bodies involved in standards development

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI)


American Concrete Institute
American Society of Agricultural Engineers
American Welding Society
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Society of Automotive Engineers
Trade associations and private laboratories produce or review voluntary standards.
Those that have produced a substantial number of standards include:
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
EMC 4317 : MECH DESIGN ENG. II - HANDOUT
DESIGNING TO CODES AND STANDARDS

American Petroleum Institute


Association of American Railroads
Electronics Industries Association
Manufacturing Chemists Association
National Electrical Manufacturers Association
National Fire Protection Association
Underwriters Laboratories
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
Some helpful websites are:
International Organization for Standardization (ISO); http://www.iso.org
British Standards Institution (BSI); http:www.bsi.global.com/index.xater
DIN (Deutsches Institut fur Normung), the German standards organization

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