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sampling

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knowledgeeducationcenter
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q. WHAT IS SAMPAL AND SAMPLING ?

EXPALAIN ITS METHODS OR TYPE OF


SAMPLING

What is a sample?
A sample is a finite part of a statistical population whose properties are studied to gain information
about the whole(Webster, 1985). When dealing with people, it can be defined as a set of
respondents(people) selected from a larger population for the purpose of a survey.

A population is a group of individuals persons, objects, or items from which samples are taken for
measurement for example a population of presidents or professors, books or students.

What is sampling?
Sampling is the act, process, or technique of selecting a suitable sample, or a representative part of a
population for the purpose of determining parameters or characteristics of the whole population.

 Population
 Census
 Population Elements
 Universe
 Sampling Frame
 Sampling Frame Error
 Sampling Unit
 Systematic Sampling Error

TYPE OF SAMPLE DESIGN

PROPABILTY SAMPLE TECHNIQUES :


A sampling techniques in each every member of the population has a known as non- zero
probability of selection

NON –PROBABILITY TECHNIQUES :


A sampling techniques in which units of sample are selected on the basis of personal
judgement and other methods is known as non probability techniques

 TECHNIQUES OF PROBABILITY
1. Convenience Sampling :
when population elements are selected for inclusion in the sample based on the case
of access, it can be called convenience sampling.

For Example : if a researcher wishes to secure data from say, gasoline buyers, he may
select a fixed number of petrol stations and may conduct interview at these station.

2. Judgement Sampling (Deliberate Sampling ):

Judgement sampling the researcher judgement is used for selecting items which he
considers as representatives of population

For Examples :-judgement sample of college students might to be taken to secure


reaction to a new method of teaching .

Judgement sampling is mostly is used in to generalise larger population.

3. Quota Sampling :
In stratified sampling the cost of taking random samples from individual strata is
often so expensive that interviewers are simply given quota to be filled from different
strata, the actual selection of items for sample being left to the interviewer’s
judgements. This is called Quota sampling.
Quota samples generally happen to be judgement samples rather than random
samples.

4. Snow Ball Sampling :


Snow ball sampling techniques is a method of non probability sampling techniques in
which the first respondent selected by probability methods & then obtaining
additional respondent information by the respondent it is also called referral
techniques

 TECHNIQUES OF NON- PROBABILITY :

1. Simple Random Sampling :


In this sampling each and every item in the population has an equal chance of
inclusion in the sample and each one of the possible samples, in case of finate
universe, has the same probability of being selected.

For Examples : if we have to select a sample of 300 items from a universe of 15000
items, then we can put the names or numbers of all the 15000 items on slips of
paper and conduct a lottery.

2. Systematic Sampling :
In some instance the most practical way of sampling is to select every 15 th name on a
list, every 10th house on one side of street and on. Sampling on this type is known as
systematic sampling.
for Example : in such design the selection process starts by picking some random
point in the list and then every nth elements is selected until the desired number is
secured.

3. Stratified Sampling:
If the population from which a sample is to be drawn does not constitute a
homogeneous group, then stratified techniques is applied so as to obtain a
representatives sample. in this techniques the population is stratified into a number of
non overlapping subpopulation or strata and samples item are selected from each
stratum. if the items selected from each stratum is based on simple random sampling
the entire procedure, first stratification and then simple random sampling is known as
stratified random sampling.

4. Cluster Sampling And Area Sampling :

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