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Chapter 10-Electric Current and Its Effects

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48 views

Chapter 10-Electric Current and Its Effects

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tamimiqk056
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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NOTES (2024-2025)

Subject: SCIENCE Grade: VII

Chapter 10-Electric current and its effects

1.Differentiate between electric current and electric circuit.


Electric Current is the flow of electrons. But an electric Circuit is the closed path in
which electric current flows.
2. Draw the symbols used in a circuit for-a battery of four cells, a switch (ON and OFF),
a bulb

A battery of four cells:

Switch in the ‘ON’ position:

Switch in the ‘OFF’ position:

bulb:

3. Draw a circuit diagram showing the symbols of a cell/battery, switch in ON position


and a bulb.
4. Write any two effects of electric current.
 The two effects of electric current are
 (i) Heating effect of electric current
 (ii) Magnetic effect of electric current
 Heating effect of electric current: When an electric current is passed through a
wire, the wire becomes hot and produces heat. This is called heating effect of
electric current.
 Magnetic effect of electric current: When electric current passes through a wire, it
behaves like a magnet. This is called magnetic effect of electric current.

5. What is circuit diagram?

A diagram which represents a circuit in terms of the symbols of components used is


known as circuit diagram.

6. What is electric fuse? How does it work?

 An electric fuse is a short length of easily fusible wire put into an electric circuit
for protection purposes. It is used to safe guard an electric circuit. It is an alloy of
lead (37%) and tin (63%).It offers high opposition to the flow of current through it
and has a low melting point.

 Whenever there is high current, the fuse blows and that part of the circuit is
turned off. This prevents damage to the gadget and any fire that could have
resulted from overheating due to excess current.

7. Why a fused bulb does not glow?

A break in the filament of an electric bulb means a break in the path of the current
between the terminals of the electric cell. Therefore, a fused bulb will not glow as
current does not passes through its filament.
8. An electrician is carrying out some repairs in a building. He wants to replace a fuse
by a piece of wire. Would you agree with the electrician? Give reasons for your
response.

No, I will not agree with the electrician because the wire used for making fuse have low
melting point and therefore any wire cannot be used to replace fuse. In other case the
ordinary wire will have high melting point..

9. What are MCBs? Write the full form of it.

MCBs are safety switches used for the protection of appliances and human beings. If
the current through a circuit exceeds the safety limit, it automatically turns off and
protects the devices connected to the circuit.

MCB stands for Miniature Circuit Breaker

10. Write the full form of CFL and LED

Answer:
CFL - COMPACT FLUORESCENT LIGHT/LAMP
LED - LIGHT EMITTING DIODE

11. In the circuit shown below Would any of the bulb’s glow when the switch is in the
‘OFF’ position? What will be the order in which the bulbs A, B and C will glow when the
switch is moved to the ‘ON’ position?

Answer:
(i) No, none of the bulbs will glow when the switch is in the ‘OFF’ position because the
current will not flow through the circuit.
(ii) When the switch is turned to the ‘ON’ position, then all the bulbs will glow at once
because they all are connected to the same battery and switch in the same circuit.

12. What are the reasons of blowing off a fuse in a circuit?

Answer:
The reasons for the blowing off of a fuse are

# Short circuit due to worn out insulation or connecting wires.

# Overloading of an electrical circuit i.e., connecting too many devices to the same
circuit.

13. Define electromagnet. List any four uses of electromagnet.

Answer:
Electromagnet is a magnet produced by passing a current through a wire wound
around an iron core.
Electric fan, electric bell, electrical motor and magnetic levitated trains are the
electrical appliances in which electromagnets are used

14. Name two factors on which the strength of an electromagnet depends?

Answer:
The strength of magnetic field in an electromagnet depends upon

Number of turns of the wire

Current passing through it

15. Name two electric devices for each where


(a) heating effect of current is used and
(b) magnetic effect of current is used.
Answer:
(a) Heating effect of current is used in electric heater, iron box, geyser, etc.,
(b) Magnetic effect of current is used in electric bell and cranes to lift heavy magnetic
materials from one place to other.

16. The nails attract the pins. Comment.


Answer:
When the current is passed through the wire wound on the nail, it behave as
electromagnet. Due to this reason, the nails attract the pins.

17. Electromagnets are better than permanent magnets. Explain why.


Answer:
An electromagnet can be switched OFF or switched ON as desired and this is not
possible in the permanent magnets. That is why the electromagnets are better than the
permanent magnets.

18. Explain the following.


(a) Copper and aluminium wires are usually employed for electricity transmission.
Explain the reason.
(b) Explain how does the resistance of a wire vary with its length.
(c) The tungsten is used almost exclusively for filament of electric lamp. Comment.
Answer:
(a) Due to the low resistance and strength of aluminum and coppers, both these metals
are usually employed for the transmission of electricity.
(b) There is always an increase in resistance with increase in the length of the wire

(c) Since tungsten has high melting point and high resistance. So, that is why, the
tungsten is used exclusively for filament of electric lamp.

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