HARAMAYA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITY

SCHOOL OF GEOGRAPY AND ENVIROMENTAL STUDIES

DEPARTMENT OF GIS

INTERNSHIP REPORT ON CADASTRAL

HOST ORGANIZATION: - BURAYU LAND ADMINISTRATION

Prepared by: kisuma Taresa

Submitted to Mr.Elias Cherenet

Submission date to Dec /25/2023

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all I would like to say Thank you for everything to my GOD the most gracious the most mercy full
that help me to the completion of my internship and to my family.

I would also like to thank my colleagues, College of Social Science and Humanity for giving to me this
chance .

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the burayu cadastral office for providing me with the
valuable opportunity to complete my internship as a internship on cadastral.

am particularly grateful to my supervisor Mr .Nahasiri and also in my department Mr.Elias Cherenet for
their guidance, support, and patience throughout my internship.

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 ABSTRACT

This report is focused on the cadastral system and land registration process practiced in the Burayu Land
Administration. The report gives enlightenment on the cadastral system and its purpose, it’s development
throughout the period of time since it’s conceptualization, documentation and management of cadastral
components/elements. Brief introduction of the country can be found on the report. The historical
development of the Cadastral system in the city and its concept in the city. The type of cadastral system
followed in the country and it’s components can be found out in this report. The different governmental
and Non-Governmental organizations/institutions involved in the Cadastral system in the country can be
recognized from the report. The institutional framework of the system is in given in detail. The stud y about
cadastral map and its uses can be seen in this report.

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Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................................. 2

ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ 3

CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................. 6

1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 6

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY .............................................................................................. 6

1 .2 Background of organization ................................................................................................. 6
1.2.1 Vision.............................................................................................................................. 7
1.2.2 Mission ........................................................................................................................... 7
1.2.3 Value ............................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Statement of the Problem/Issue ............................................................................................. 8
1.4 objective ................................................................................................................................ 8
1.4.1. General Objectives ........................................................................................................ 8
1.4.2. Specific Objective of internship .................................................................................... 8
1.5. Significance of the Study To know about the current urban land administration and its
components Offer work opportunity in their desired work. ........................................................ 8
CHAPTER 2 ....................................................................................................................... 9

2. DESCRIPTION OF INTERNSHIP SITE ............................................................................... 9

CHAPTER THREE .......................................................................................................... 11

3 METHODOLOGY AND MATERIALS USED .................................................................... 11

3,1 METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................................. 11
3.1.1, THE USE OF GPS ...................................................................................................... 11
3,1,2 THE GIS TECHNQUES ............................................................................................. 11
3,1,3 THE REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES ................................................................. 11
3,1,4 ORTHOPHOTO TECHNIQUES ................................................................................. 11
3,2 Data Sources available ........................................................................................................ 12
3,3 MATERIALS ...................................................................................................................... 13
CHAPTER FOUR ............................................................................................................. 14

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 4.Internship activities and discussions ...................................................................................... 14
CHAPTER FIVE .............................................................................................................. 17

5. OPTION AND OPPORTUNITIES ....................................................................................... 17

5.1 Strength and weakness of the organization ......................................................................... 17
5.2 opportunities and challenges that I have observed at the organization ............................... 17
CHAPTER SIX ................................................................................................................. 19

6 The Skill That I Gained From Internship ............................................................................... 19

CHAPTER SEVEN .......................................................................................................... 20

7 .CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION CONCLUSIONS: .................................... 20

Reference .......................................................................................................................... 21

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CHAPTER ONE

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Land is the basic and the foundation of all forms of human activity (the food we eat, the shelter we need,
the space to work). It lies at the heart of social, political and economic life of countries. In countries like
Ethiopia, land remains key to livelihood, income and employment (key to political, social, economic and
cultural values).

Land is also a limited resource because of this in order to obtain all the required socioeconomic benefits
from the land it needs an effective land administration system. Effective land administration is the way in
which the rules of land tenure, land value, land use and land development are applied and made operational
through land information management system (LIMS).

Cadaster is a parcel-based and up-to-date land information system containing a record of interests (Right,
Restrictions and Responsibilities) in land. Cadaster usually includes a geometric description of parcels
linked to other records describing the nature of interests, ownership or control over these, and often the
value of the parcel and its improvements.

Description of Internship program

An internship is a purposeful activity of the student set in work environment in order to obtain learning out
comes within their curriculum. During the internship knowledge, a skills and attitudes learned in the
program can be applied. This internship program prepared after the end of second semester on 3rd year.
And distributed student as it is better for doing on different municipality as student more understand what
they study. This type of program used to develop students in theoretical, practical, and leadership..

1 .2 Background of organization
Burayu is found in Oromia region. It is special Zone of Oromia around Finfinne ,and far away 14km from
Finfinne (Addis Ababa). Burayu land use and administration sector office have been established at 2009
E.C. Before the establishment of the municipality the town passed through different kinds of administrative
entities. During the Imperial era it was used to be administered by appointee of Emperor, within the
Menagesha Awraja of Shewa province, without being given any status of a town administration. During
Derg regime Burayu was divided into two administrations. Burayu peasant’s association and Burayu urban

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dweller association. Since 1981 Burayu peasants Association was changed to Burayu Special
Administration.

In 1988 the municipality of Burayu Town was established over the area between Ketta and Gefersa.
Nevertheless, its jurisdiction was restricted only on houses, which had been given house number. These
were only the houses constructed on the front line along both sides of the main road. But now the time
company has been reformed the informal settlements and prepared the leasehold certificate for the
costumers.

The office has its own rule and regulation, value, mission, vision, objective and strategies to achieve its
goal. The urban cadastre and cadastral surveying development office works very hard by using its planning
and parcel division of cadastral surveying of the town in order to increase the quality of town area and to
establish sustainable planning development of the country, to improve the living standards of the population
and to maximize customer’s satisfaction. This organization is composed of many trained officials and labor
workers at different offices.

1.2.1 Vision
 Improve the proper administration of urban land area

 To reduce the conflict that are related to land use planning

 To increase the proper utilization of the resource by using land use planning

 A green and beautiful city.

1.2.2 Mission
 To overcome the challenge that are related the land and other real property

 To improve sustainable development in the town and also on the country level

1.2.3 Value
 Transparency

 Participatory

 Working for change

 Accountability

 Punctuality and loyalty

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1.3 Statement of the Problem/Issue

Tax and land management is very essential in various time and place. As we know always there
is a dispute (conflicts) between private land owners and government because of inaccurate and
poor land management system in the particular location. In Burayu town especially Gefersa sefer
there is poor land management system. So that, it is difficult to identify the owner ship of the
property line and the government cannot get the tax from the tract of the land. There is the
problem of poor land management system, dispute within the society, some shortage of
infrastructure and manual handling of information.Therefore to solve those problems good
cadastral information system is needed.

1.4 objective
1.4.1. General Objectives
The general objective of the internship is to understand my subject matter land administrationand surveying
practically that I have learned in theory by observing the given host institution.

1.4.2. Specific Objective of internship

 The study have many objectives, the relevant ones are the following.

 To integrate theory and practice.

 Helps to student develop interpersonal communication skill in the job interview process.

 To increase our ethical behavior in the working environment

1.5. Significance of the Study

To know about the current urban land administration and its components Offer work
opportunity in their desired work.
 To develop skill and performance.

 To communicate with computer software which related with my

 Desired field work and surveying instruments.

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CHAPTER TWO
2. DESCRIPTION OF INTERNSHIP SITE

 Location

Burayu town occupies a strategic location in Ethiopia, situated in the Oromia Special Zone Surrounding
Finfinne, directly adjacent to the national capital, Addis Ababa (also known as Finfinne in Oromia). More
specifically:

Region: Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Zone: Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne

Proximity to Addis Ababa: Northwest border of Addis Ababa

Geographical coordinates:

Latitude: 8°59′12″N

Longitude: 38°48′24″E

 Climate of burayu town

Burayu town, in the Oromia region of Ethiopia, experiences a subtropical highland climate, characterized
by mild temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. Here's a breakdown:

Temperatures:Average annual temperature: 18°C (64°F)Warmest months: March to May, with average
highs around 25°C (77°F)Coolest months: June to August, with average highs around 20°C (68°F)

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  Topographic of burayu town

Burayu town, nestled in the Ethiopian Highlands, boasts a diverse topography that significantly influences
its climate, agriculture, and overall landscape.

Rolling hills: Burayu sits amidst rolling hills, with elevation ranging from around 2,300 meters to 2,900
meters above sea level.

River valleys: The town is dissected by several valleys, including the Gefersa River valley, adding to the
topographical complexity.

Plateaus: Burayu also encompasses portions of the Walmara plateau, offering scenic views and distinct
ecological zones.

 population

Official 2007 census: 48,876. This is the most recent official data we have.2023 high variant projection:
227,000. This is a projection based on the 2007 population and a high growth rate.

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CHAPTER THREE
3 METHODOLOGY AND MATERIALS USED

3,1 METHODOLOGY
3.1.1, THE USE OF GPS
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a navigation system using satellites, a receiver and algorithms to
synchronize location, velocity and time data for air, sea and land travel.

3,1,2 THE GIS TECHNQUES

Key Concepts and Techniques in GIS is a concise overview of the fundamental ideas that inform geographic
information science. It provides detailed descriptions of the concepts and techniques that anyone using GIS
software must fully understand to analyses spatial data. Short and clearly focused chapters provide
explanations of:

Spatial relationships and spatial datathe creation of digital data, the use and access of existing data, the
combination of datathe use of modeling techniques and the essential functions of map algebra

GIS can be used as tool in both problem solving and decision making processes, as well as for visualization
of data in a spatial environment. Geospatial data can be analyzed to determine (1) the location of features
and relationships to other features, (2) where the most and/or least of some feature exists, (3) the density of
features in a given space, (4) what is happening inside an area of interest (AOI), (5) what is happening
nearby some feature or phenomenon, and (6) and how a specific area has changed over time (and in what
way).

3,1,3 THE REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES

Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical
contact with the object, in contrast to in situ or on-site observation. The term is applied especially to
acquiring information about the Earth and other planets. Remote sensing is used in numerous fields,
including geography, land surveying and most Earth science disciplines (for example, hydrology, ecology ,
meteorology, oceanography, glaciology, geology); it also has military, intelligence, commercial, economic,
planning, and humanitarian applications, among others.

3,1,4 ORTHOPHOTO TECHNIQUES

An orthophoto (also known as an orthophotograph, orthoimage, or orthoimagery) is an aerial photograph
or satellite image that has been geometrically corrected ("orthorectified") to remove distortions caused by
terrain relief, camera tilt, and lens curvature. This correction process makes the orthophoto appear as if it
were taken from directly above the Earth's surface, with a consistent scale throughout the image.

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3,2 Data Sources available
Land administration systems rely on a variety of data sources to function effectively. These sources can be
broadly categorized into three groups:

Cadastral Data:

Land parcels: This is the core data of any land administration system, defining the extent, location, and
ownership of individual land parcels. It's often stored in cadastral maps and registers.

Cadastral map

Land use: Information about how land is being used, such as for agriculture, forestry, residential, or
commercial purposes.

Land value: This includes assessed and market values of land parcels, used for taxation, valuation, and
compensation purposes.

Building and infrastructure data: Information about buildings, roads, and other infrastructure located on
land parcels.

Legal and Administrative Data:

Land titles and deeds and Restrictions and encumbrances: Limitations on land use, such as zoning
regulations, easements, and environmental restrictions.Administrative records: Data on land transactions,
disputes, and adjudications.

Geospatial Data:Aerial imagery and orthophotos: These provide detailed visual representations of land
parcels and their features.

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3,3 MATERIALS
Physical Materials:Paper forms and documents: These are still widely used for applications, permits,
certificates, and other official records. While digitalization is increasing, paper forms remain essential for
legal documentation and archival purposes.

Survey equipment: This may include tools like theodolites, total stations, and GPS receivers for measuring
distances, angles, and coordinates. Survey data is used to create accurate maps and determine property
boundaries.

Digital Materials:

Land Information System (LIS): This is a computerized database that stores and manages land records,
including ownership information, property values, and zoning regulations. An LIS allows for efficient data
retrieval, analysis, and sharing.

Geographic Information System (GIS): This software allows for mapping and visualization of land-related
data.

Communication tools: Email, phone, and video conferencing are essential for communicationwith citizens,
stakeholders, and other government agencies

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CHAPTER FOUR
4.Internship activities and discussions
4.1.1Major Activities Carried Out During The Internship

During our internship major activities carried out in cadastral surveying and real property registration . So
my internship position focused on cadastral surveying and real property registration. From this internship
basically we seen how to make cadastral map and how to give parcel code for each parcel in the burayu
town to identify the owner of the real property . After this process which means cadastral map of the parcel
completed then , every land owners , land ownership certificate given from burayu land administration and
use office.
To prepare a cadastral map of a given parcel we followed the following procedure and source of data . So
first we can see the source of our internship.

Primary source of data for myr internship report are

 Communication with members of organization

Direct observation

 Direct interview from the client and customer .

Secondary Source Of Internship Data

Major Secondary source of our internship report data is Areal photographs of burayu town Qualified
orthophoto which is captured by air plan . Manual based file like , owner document and government
registration. Scale, size and layout of the maps Deed records
4.1.2 Procedure to make cadastral index map

1, First click the start menu , point to programs , point to Arc GIS , then the arc GIS ready and the working
area manage the data frame ,the coordinate system adjust to Adinden UTM zone 37N, scale of map
corrected.

2, Second Add all necessary Orthophoto data to digitalized the desired cadastral map The coordinate system
corrected in to world geodetic and projected coordinate system depend on our work.

3 After we add all necessary data on Arc GIS then create our personal Geodata base to digitalize desired
area.

To create a personal data base 3 things must be full filled

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1, Digital Orthophoto of the city (air plane image)

A digital Orthophoto or any Orthoimage-- is a computer-generated image of an aerial photograph in which

displacements (distortions) caused by terrain relief and camera tilts have been removed. It

2, Owner document is a legal document that you can use to prove that you own a piece of real estate which
means land and any thing that affixed to the lan

3, Government registrationThis registration shows the legality of the owner this include;- ✴ tax resit
✴Then ,Start the editing process and digitalize

After we digitalize the features we give parcel code for each feature based on the rules. This rules are;-
According to urban landholding registration proclamation No 818/2014 Article 8, each parcel shall have a
unique parcel identification code which may not be duplicated on another parcel in any urban center, for
this purpose a national standard is required to assign a code for each parcel.

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The unique parcel identification code shall take the following form Region code + city / town code + sub
city code + Neighborhood code + City block number + parcel number.

 Region code (type = Alphabetic, 2 digit)

 City /Town code (type = number, 3 digit)

 Sub city (type = number, 2 digit)

 Neighborhood (type = number, 2 digit)

 City Block number code (type = number, 2 digit)

 Parcel number code (type = number, 3 digit)

 Total Number of Digits = 14

Representation of Unique Parcel Identification code (UPIC)

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CHAPTER FIVE
5. OPTION AND OPPORTUNITIES

5.1 Strength and weakness of the organization

Strength of organization

 They have ability to solve the problem in short period of time.

 They respect and accept the customer in good manner.

Weakness of organization

 Lack of skilled man power.

 Lack of commitment among staff members.

 Lack of punctuality.

 They useolder method of database in order to organize and complete the report and documents.

 Lack of support to all domains especially spatial data support.

5.2 opportunities and challenges that I have observed at the organization

Community Prospective

Opportunities:

 Improved access to land records and information for property owners and developers

 Increased transparency and accountability in land administration

 Reduced land disputes and conflicts

 Enhanced property valuation and taxation

Challenges:

 Limited awareness of land administration and cadastral systems among the community

 High cost of land registration and titling

 Lack of access to land information due to language barriers or geographic isolation

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Government Perspective

Opportunities:

 Strengthened land governance and security of property rights

 Improved revenue collection from land taxes and fees

 Enhanced planning and development of infrastructure and services

Challenges:

 Limited budget and resources for cadastral systems and land administration

 Lack of political will to implement comprehensive land reforms

 Complex and bureaucratic land registration procedures

Expert Perspective

Opportunities:

 Develop innovative technologies and approaches for cadastral data collection, management, and
visualization

 Promote the use of GIS and spatial analysis techniques for land administration

 Share knowledge and best practices with governments, NGOs, and communities

Challenges:

 Capacity Building: Implementing and maintaining a modern land information system requires skilled
personnel trained in GIS, data management, and relevant software. Bridging the skill gap through
training programs is crucial for effective system utilization.

 Cybersecurity Threats: Robust cybersecurity measures are essential to protect sensitive land data from
unauthorized access, manipulation, or loss. Implementing data encryption,

 access controls, and regular backups are crucial to safeguard data integrity.

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CHAPTER SIX
6 The Skill That I Gained From Internship
The benefits that I gained during the internship period are much help full for me. During my internship
time I learned much and more useful practical and theoretical activities some of them are described below:-

Practical Skills Enhancement:

Hands-on Experience: Internships allow me to apply classroom knowledge in real-world scenarios, gaining
hands-on experience in my field of interest.

Theoretical Knowledge Refinement:

Bridging the Gap: Internships bridge the gap between academic concepts and real-world applications,
solidifying my theoretical understanding. I gained a deeper appreciation of how theoretical principles
translate into practical work.

Knowledge Retention: By applying theoretical knowledge in practical settings, I enhanced knowledge

retention.

Communication Skills Improvement:

Interpersonal Skills: I learned to communicate effectively, listen attentively, and collaborate

harmoniously.I learned leader ship skill; Leadership is a skill to guide, control and monitor peoples so I
have seen how each worker is controlled and organized to perform its day to day activities.

Work Ethics Enrichment:

Teamwork and Collaboration: I learned to work effectively with others, sharing ideas, and contributing to
team goals.

Office discipline:- in work place you don’t have to disturb the working atmosphere. For example free from
opening loud voice, loud music, songs and things which disturb others workers in working place.

Punctuality:- to complete a given task within the given period time and work honestly by becoming free
from bad behaviors such as cheating, unfairness, corruption.

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 CHAPTER SEVEN
7 .CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION
CONCLUSIONS:

We conclude that the cadastral system are used GIS application and surveying instruments for
collected data and preparing cadastral map through process for the security of landholding
tenure. But there is many challenges that affect the preparation of effective cadastral map, so we
must be avoid or minimized such problems before starting or working the map and also must be
avoid or reduce when their land conflict.

RECOMMENDATION

Having completed my internship at the Burayu Cadastral Office, I am grateful for the valuable experience
and insights gained into land administration procedures and challenges in the region. Based on my
observations and participation in various projects, I would like to present the following recommendations
for streamlining operations and enhancing overall performance.

1. Investment in Technology: There is a pressing need to upgrade the existing technology infrastructure,
including Geographic Information System (GIS) tools, digital mapping solutions, and database
management systems. This will facilitate real-time data management, analysis, and accessibility, thereby
reducing errors and improving operational efficiency.

2.Online land information portal: Developing a user-friendly online portal displaying land parcel data, maps,
and relevant land administration regulations would empower citizens to access information directly. This
would increase transparency and promote public engagement.

3. Capacity Building: Organize regular training programs for staff members to enhance their skills and
competencies in cadastral surveying, land registration processes, and legal compliance.

Generally modern cadaster is the backbone of urban land administration and land development. So in order
to obtain all the required socioeconomic benefit of land and to avoid issue related to land administration,
the government should aim to provide a well establish frame to facilitate effective land administration
system. And also the internship is very important to develop ourknowledge for the future work place. So
cadaster is very important to resolve land disputes and conflict between neighborhood and to supporting
sustainable development landholding registration and Adjudication are a good system for Land
Administration and Surveying.

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Reference
 Document of hosting company

 From information of host office

 Internet access

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