DEBRE MARKOS UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF CIVIL AND WATER RESOURCE ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE
DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN CONSTRUCTION
TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
TITLE: ASSESSMENT OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION PRACTICE ON
PUBLIC BUILDING IN DEBRE MARKOS TOWN
SUBMITTED BY
NAME……………………………………………………………..ID NUMBER
1. DANIEL HABTEMARYAM …………………………....TER_0454_10
2. SELAMAWIT FISEHA…………………………………..TER_0858_10
3. SIFRASH GETAHUN…………………………………….TER_0364_10
4. TAREKEGN KEBEDE……………………………………TER_0614_10
5. FRESENBET APOLLO…………………………………...TER_0215_10

ADVISOR NAME: Mrs. TIGIST ADDISE

June 9, 2023 DEBRE MARKOS, ETHIOPIA

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Assessment of resource allocation practice on public building in Debre Markos town
Department of Construction Technology and Management
INSTITUTION OF TECHNOLOGY
DEBREMARKOS UNIVERSITY

Approval of adviser and examiner

1. Advisor Name______________________________ signature;____________
2. Examiner _________________________________ signature;____________
3. Examiner _________________________________ signature;____________

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 DECLARATION
We, undersigned, declare that this thesis entitled assessment of resource allocation practices in Debre
Markos town public building projects is our original work, has not been presented for a degree in this or
any other university except taking as a reference, and all the source of materials used for the thesis have
been acknowledged.

Name id no signature

1. Daniel Habtemaryam_____________TER_0454_10 _____________

2. Selamawait Fiseha________________TER_0858_10 _____________
3. Sifrash Getahun_________________TER_0364_10 _____________
4. Tarekegne Kebede_______________TER_0614_10 _____________
5. Feresenbet Apollo_______________TER_0215_10 _____________

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First all we would like to express to almighty God to give the potential and strength to write this thesis. We
would like to convey our truthful gratitude to our Advisor: Mrs.Tigist Addise for his guidance, motivation,
encouragement, critics and recommendation throughout doing this paper. Secondly we also give our
especial admiration for our department and Debre Markos University as providing the opportunity to get
the necessary information that helps us to done this paper. Finally, our special thanks and deep grate full
goes to our family who have been with us during our entire academic career, without them think to be here
is difficult.

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 ABSTRACT
On these thesiswe have tried tocompile the different sections that must be included starting from chapter one
about the introduction of resource allocation practicesin Ethiopia , and the statement problem that raise to work
about the assessment of the resource allocation practice specificallyin public building debre markos town. Also
to set out the objectives that we wanted to address the reason why resource allocation is the main problem in the
construction industry.And what is the significance of these assessments to the industry what it’s going to change
after discovering the problem.
Next is about literature reviews of some studies related to the resource allocation management practices that
taking place. According to different researchers and studies resource allocation management, material handling
they have define in different ways. Therefore we have seen the different dimensions that brings the concept that
are related to our assessment.The types of resource allocation mainly classified in to five that are; Human
resources management, material management, Money, machinery and time. Therefore we have seen the
challenges and resultsthat faced in the previous studies. And also includes that the methods that we follow
during the data collection of the assessment which are mainly observations, interviews with the related sectors,
preparing questioner focused on the resource allocation of selected public building construction site. We
conclude our observation, interview and quaternary when we went to observe the site or work place we
answered a few questionsand the answers we asked were completely different, most of companies that we asked
for the answer said yes we have resource allocation management knowledge.But from what we have observe,
their use does not seem to be sufficient knowledge.

Key word: Resource allocation, poor resource allocation practice, building project, debre
markos.

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Table of Contents
Contents Page

DECLARATION.................................................................................................................................................................i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...................................................................................................................................................ii
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................................................iii
LIST OF TABLE..................................................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
LIST OF FIGURE...........................................................................................................................................................viii
CHAPTER ONE................................................................................................................................................................1
1, INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................................................1
1.1, BACK GROUND OF THE RESEARCH.........................................................................................................................1
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM............................................................................................................................2
1.2.1, General objective............................................................................................................................................2
1.2.2, Specific objective.............................................................................................................................................2
1.3, SCOPE OF THE STUDY.............................................................................................................................................2
1.4, LIMITATION OF THE STUDY....................................................................................................................................2
1.6, SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.................................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER TWO...............................................................................................................................................................4
2, LITERATURE REVIEW..................................................................................................................................................4
2.1 PROJECT AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT..................................................................................................................4
2.2 PROJECT PLANNING AND SCHEDULING...................................................................................................................4
2.3SCHEDULE PREPARATION PROBLEM........................................................................................................................5
2.4RESOURCE ALLOCATION MANAGEMENT.................................................................................................................5
2.5TYPE OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION.............................................................................................................................6
2.5.1 Human resource management (HRM)..............................................................................................................6
2.5.2.1 Type of construction equipment...............................................................................................................8
2.5.3 Capital (Cost resource).....................................................................................................................................8
2.5.4Materials and goods (material resource)..........................................................................................................9
2.5.4.1 Objectives of material allocation management.........................................................................................9
2.5.4.2 Construction resource allocation and management................................................................................10
2.5.4.3 Resource management process...............................................................................................................10
2.6. RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PROBLEM..................................................................................................................13
2.7 EFFECTIVE RESOURCE ALLOCATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM...............................................................................14
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 2.7.1 Benefits of effective resource allocation management..................................................................................15
2.8 WASTE GENERATED BY CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY................................................................................................15
2.8.1 Minimizing managing of materials on construction projects wastage............................................................15
CHAPTER THREE..........................................................................................................................................................17
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................................................17
3.1INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................................17
3.2, DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA.......................................................................................................................17
3.3, RESEARCH APPROCHES.........................................................................................................................................17
3.4, RESEARCH DESIGN................................................................................................................................................18
3.4.1, Study flow chart.............................................................................................................................................19
3.4, DATA COLLECTION METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................................19
3.4.1, Primary data..................................................................................................................................................19
3.4.2, Secondary data..............................................................................................................................................20
3.5, TARGET POPULATION...........................................................................................................................................20
3.6, SAMPLE SIZE.........................................................................................................................................................20
3.7, SAMPLING TECHNIQUES.......................................................................................................................................20
3.8, INSTRUMENTS/ TOOLS OF DATA COLLECTION.....................................................................................................21
3.9, DATA ANALYSIS....................................................................................................................................................21
CHAPTER FOUR............................................................................................................................................................22
4, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSION......................................................................................................................................22
4.1, GENERAL...............................................................................................................................................................22
4.2 ASSESSMENT OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION PRACTICE IN PUBLIC BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN DEBRE
MARKOS......................................................................................................................................................................22
4.3 ASSESS PROBLEMS RELATED TO RESOURCE ALLOCATION PRACTICE IN PUBLIC BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
PROJECTS.....................................................................................................................................................................26
4.4 METHOD OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN DEBRE MARKOS TOWN PUBLIC BUILDINGS PROJEC.............................29
4.4.1 Human resource allocation.............................................................................................................................29
4.4.2 Financial or capital resource allocation method.............................................................................................30
4.4.3 Material resource allocation method.............................................................................................................30
4.4.4 Equipment allocation method........................................................................................................................31
4.5 THE MEASUREMENT HAVE TO BE TAKEN TO SOLVE POOR RESOURCE ALLOCATION............................................32
CHAPTER FIVE..............................................................................................................................................................37

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5, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.................................................................................................................37
5.1, CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................................................37
5, 2RECOMMENDATION..............................................................................................................................................38
References...................................................................................................................................................................39
APPENDIX.................................................................................................................................................................... 41

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LIST OF TABLE
TABLE 3 FINANCIAL OR CAPITAL RESOURCE ALLOCATION METHOD 30
TABLE 4 MATERIAL RESOURCE ALLOCATION METHOD 30
TABLE 5 EQUIPMENT RESOURCE ALLOCATION METHOD 31
TABLE 6 MEASUREMENT HAVE TO BE TAKEN TO SOLVE PROBLEM POOR RESOURCE ALLOCATION PRACTICE
32

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LIST OF FIGURE
FIGURE 1STUDY FLOW CHART.................................................................................................................19
FIGURE 4.2 ASSESSMENT OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION PRACTICE IN PUBLIC BUILDING PROJECTS (GRAPH)...24
FIGURE 3AVERAGE EVALUATION OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN PUBLIC BUILDING (GRAPH).......................24
FIGURE 4.4 PROBLEM RELATE TO RESOURCE ALLOCATION PRACTICE IN PUBLIC BUILDING..........................27
FIGURE 5 AVERAGE EVALUATION OF PROBLEM RELATED TO RESOURCE ALLOCATION.................................27
FIGURE 6 HUMAN RESOURCE ALLOCATION METHOD.....................................................................................29
FIGURE 7 METHOD USED IN SITE FOR HUMAN RESOURCE ALLOCATION........................................................29
FIGURE 8 METHOD OF FINANCIAL ALLOCATION USED IN SITE........................................................................30
FIGURE 9 MATERIAL RESOURCE ALLOCATION METHOD USED IN SITE............................................................31
FIGURE 10EQUIPMENT ALLOCATION METHOD IN SITE....................................................................................32
FIGURE 11 MEASUREMENT HAVE TO BE TAKEN TO SOLVE PROBLEM POOR RESOURCE ALLOCATION PRACTICE
.................................................................................................................................................................34

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LIST OF ABBREVATIONS

HRM= Human Resource management

PMI= project management institution

WBS= Work break down structure

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CHAPTER ONE
1, INTRODUCTION

1.1, BACK GROUND OF THE RESEARCH

The nature of construction projects is complex due to various factors such as technical, organizational,
environmental, uncertainty and risk, interdependence and coordination, and dynamic and changing
environment. Construction projects involve a wide range of technical disciplines, multiple stakeholders,
compliance with environmental regulations, and inherent uncertainty and risks. These factors contribute to
the complexity of construction projects and require effective management and coordination to ensure
successful project outcomes.(council, 2009)

Construction industry is recognized as a sector with great contribution to the economic and social
development of a country, particularly due to the number of direct and indirect jobs generated and its
influence on several other sectors which produce materials, equipment, and services in its production
process. It is usually one of the first sectors to signal a region’s financial situation, in times of
both exponential growth and economic recession. (D.H.F. Paz, M.C.M. Sobral, 2020)

Construction resource allocation is acritical process in the construction industry that involve the assignment
of resource such as labor, material, equipment, and finances to different tasks and activity in construction
project. Effective resource allocation is essential for the success of a project, as it ensure that resource are
used efficiently and effectively to meet project goals and objective.(AL harbi, and AL-sultan, k, 2013)

Construction planning and scheduling is one of the important tool in a construction project. Every
construction project involve with a lot of activities which need to be planned and schedule properly to
ensure the completion of the project. Construction project planning is a method of determining “What” is
going to be done, “How” things are going to be done, “Who” will be doing activities and “How much”
activities will cost. By raising the question” what”,” how”, “who” and “how much” and answering properly
those issues we can make ready resources for the successful completion of the project. (Ashambari and
Hamza,2020)

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1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The construction industry is known for its complex and dynamic nature, which make it challenging to
allocate resource effectively. The lack of a proper resource allocation plan and practice lead to delays, cost
overruns, and poor quality of work. Therefore, there is a need to assess the current resource allocation
practice in Debre markos construction projects to identify the gaps and challenges to improve the process.
The problem is that the current resource allocation practice may not be optimal, leading to inefficiencies
and suboptimal project outcomes.

1.1Objective

1.2.1, General objective

The study is to assess resource allocation practices in building construction projects in case of Debre
Markos town.

1.2.2, Specific objective

 To assess resource allocation practice in building construction project in case of Debre
Markos town.
 To identify problem related to resource allocation practice in building construction project
in Debre Markos town.
 To identify the measurement, have to be taken to solve the poor resource allocation practice.

1.3, SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of the research is limited to assess on resource allocation practices in public building
construction project on Debre Markos town And in Material, human, Equipment, and capital resources
only.

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1.4, LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

 Sum of respondent’s where not been willing to cooperate and also they were not fully answer the
questions and we don’t get the available data. We solve this problem by conducting a
comprehensive literature review identifying existing research on the topic.
 We have been not able to reach all the proposed projects because of the academic load, we solve
this limitation by selecting closest project site areas from our university.
 Language barrier as English not be the primary language spoken which can make it difficult to
answer the questioner paper. We handle this limitation by translating the question one by one.

1.6, SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Knowing the problem is the core thing to get best solution regarding to resource allocation practice. Study
will identify factors that affect resource allocation and give how to reduce those problems and methods to
follow minimize the effects in project time and cost overrun. This can improve the overall quality of
construction projects and reduce cost delays. Furthermore the study will help inform decision making by
project manager and other stakeholders enabling them to make more informed decision about resources
allocation. It will increase accountability by identifying areas where resources are being misused or
misallocated this can help to ensure that resources are used in a responsible and transparent way.

This helps for the contractor to insure the quality which can spend on resource allocation, proper planning,
scheduling and good organizational structure practice while implementing on the site and consequently a
starting point for future researches to study management practice potential of the area in relation to project
management.

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CHAPTER TWO

2, LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 PROJECT AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Project management is the process of planning, organizing, and controlling resources to achieve specific
goals and objectives within a defined timeline and budget. A project is a temporary endeavor that is
designed to produce a unique product, service, or result. Projects can vary in size and complexity, from
small, simple projects to large, complex projects that involve multiple teams and stakeholders. Projects
typically follow a defined project life cycle, which includes several phases such as initiation, planning,
execution, monitoring and control, and closure. Each phase of the project life cycle involves specific
activities and deliverables that are designed to ensure the successful completion of the project.(kerzner,
2017)

Effective project management requires a range of skills and knowledge, including leadership,
communication, problem-solving, and technical expertise. Project managers must be able to work with
diverse teams, manage competing priorities, and adapt to changing circumstances. They must also be able
to balance the needs of stakeholders, including customers, team members, and project sponsors. There are
several project management methodologies that can be used to manage projects, including traditional, agile,
and hybrid approaches. Overall, project management is a critical process for organizations to achieve their
strategic goals and objectives. Effective project management can help organizations to deliver projects on
time, within budget, and to the satisfaction of stakeholders.(kerzner, 2017)

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2.2 PROJECT PLANNING AND SCHEDULING

Planning and scheduling is very important for the efficient and effective completion of construction
projects. Construction project planning is a method of determining “What” is going to be done, “How”
things are going to done, “Who” will be doing activities and “How much” activities will cost. Scheduling
which address “when” includes activity schedule, material schedule, equipment schedule, financial
schedule and manpower schedule. Especially in high-rise buildings, which have different interrelated
activities, proper planning and scheduling is very important for the successful completion of the project.
(Derebe, 2018)

For high rise building construction assigning special equipment and experienced professionals, Applying
work methodology that reduces duration, using proper and economical design should be considered during
the planning stage.(Derebe, 2018)

2.3SCHEDULE PREPARATION PROBLEM

Every scheduling technique has advantages and disadvantages. Some scheduling problems are the result of
organizational indecisiveness, such as inability to provide guidance of schedule development (least time,
least cost, or least risk) scheduling objective/ strategy to the project manager. As a result, considerable time
is wasted to re-do the schedules as required or suitable for implementation as required. According to
(Kerzener, 2017), scheduling problems that can impact all scheduling techniques include:

 Using an realistic estimate for effort and duration

 Inability to handle employee work load imbalances
 Deciding/ having to share critical resources across several projects
 Over committed resources
 Continues readjustment to WBS primarily from scope changes

2.4RESOURCE ALLOCATION MANAGEMENT

A. What is resource in project?

Resource refers to the materials equipment, labor and other assets that are required to complete the project
these resources are essential for the successful completion pf the project and must be manage effectively to
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ensured that they are used efficiently and that the project completed on time and within budget.resources in
construction projects can be broadly categories in three main types: physical resources, human resources,
financial resources.(Alarcon, L.F and Edwardes , 2018)

B. What is resource allocation?

Resource allocation in construction is to the process of assigning and distributing resources such as labor,
materials, equipment’s to different task and activity with in a construction project. Effective resource
allocation is essential for the success full completion a construction project on time within budget and to
the required quality standards.(Alarcon, L.F and Edwardes , 2018)

When allocating resources, it can be for the project or non-project activities, such as administration,
support, operations, etc. These resources can be either fully or partially available, which has to be taken
into account when scheduling resources. When the project scope changes or project requirements change,
resource allocation must also pivot to accommodate these changes.

C. what is resource allocation management?

The management of materials in construction projects is an important function that significantly contributes
to the success of a project. As projects grow in scale and complexity, resource management becomes more
difficult, often requiring the use of appropriate tools and techniques to ensure, amongst other things, that
materials human resource, cost and equipment are delivered on time, stock levels are well managed, the
construction schedule is not compromised, and that wastage is minimized.(H. A odeyinka and A. Yusif,
1997)

2.5TYPE OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION

2.5.1 Human resource management (HRM)
HRM In construction critical aspect of project management that involves the effective management of work
force in involved in construction project. It is a process that involve the recruitment selection training and
management of the work force to insure that they are productive, motivated, and committed to the success
of the project.

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HR managers have to be able to identify and document project roles and responsibilities and develop a plan
describing the end-to-end processes that will be required on a project (or series of projects) in order to
determine its human resource requirements.(kaming,PF.,Olomolaiye, p.o,Holt, and Harris,F.C, 1997)

HRM typically involves the following core activities:

 Rule specification
 Work force planning
 Tanning and development
 Performance management
 Compensation (remuneration)
 Managing employee pay role, benefit and compensation
 Communicating with employee
 Resolving dispute
 Evaluating performance
 Managing employee relations
 Ensuring equal opportunities

2.5.2 Construction equipment

Equipment refers to a set of tools used for a single purpose, which are used as by hand or plant for building
projects planning a project needs to include, and ideally start with, consideration given to what machinery
you will need. As one of the more capital-intensive aspects of any project, planning out the machinery you
will use on a job will dictate many of the other factors that go into getting the work done.

I. Keep Things on Budget

Taking the time to plan out your machinery needs is an essential part of project management. If you do not
account for these needs when you are first sketching out a budget, then you will inevitably end up with
higher costs and budget overruns later on.

If you are sure to consider what tools and machinery you will need throughout each step of a project, then
you will be better able to incorporate these costs into your budget. Taking a step back and looking at your
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needs objectively rather than when faced with the demands of the moment will also provide you with a
better eye for spotting opportunities to save and use our resources more efficiently, such as making the
decision to rent or buy.

II. Know the Safety Risks

Making sure that you have sourced and acquired equipment at the inception of your projects will allow you
to have adequate time to conduct a proper safety assessment of your tools. we need to be confident that to
use the machinery properly and without any unnecessary risk. Opening up the potential for injuries and
accidents by using poor quality or inappropriate machinery will potentially bring harm to our workers and
ruin the reputation of our company.

III. Project Your Equipment Needs

Considerations about machinery are an essential part of the project management process. Avoid making
project management mistakes and take the time to consider the points outlined here. Be sure to give
credence to them before we begin planning our next job.

2.5.2.1 Type of construction equipment

Different types of heavy equipment commonly used in the construction are as follows: according to(Robert
L. Peurifoy, P.E Clifford J. Schexnayder, P.E, 2018)

Some of different type of equipment discussed in the book include earth moving equipment such as
bulldozer, excavator, backhoes, scrapers, loader, used to move large amount of earth, soil, rocks and other
materials during construction, mining and other industrial activities. And it allows workers to move large
amount of materials quickly and efficiently that increase the productivity of work when using those
equipment for large capacity projects. Earth moving equipment is designed to be durable and reliably, with
regular maintenance and repair helping to ensure that the remain in good working order for long time. The
above listed equipment has high initial cost it need adequate monitoring during operation, maintenance, and
optimize usage of equipment useful life by using different the techniques those techniques are periodic
service, training operators.

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2.5.3 Capital (Cost resource)

Capital cost are a critical component of construction projects, as they provide the necessary funding to
purchase material, equipment, and lobar. According to a study national bureau of economic research,
capital resource are essential for the success of a project. Firms allow to invest in new technologies and
equipment, which can increase productivity and reduce costs.(Brigham, E, F and ehrhardt,M.C, 2017)

In addition to providing funding for construction project, capital resource can also help firms manage risk
and uncertainty. According to the construction institute, firms that have access to capital resource are better
able to manage risk associated with construction projects, such as delays, cost overrun, and changes in
scope.(institute, 2015)

2.5.4Materials and goods (material resource)

Materials and goods are essential components of any construction project. The quality and availability of
these materials can have a significant impact on the success of a project. building materials such as lumber,
concrete, steel, roofing materials, insulation, and drywall are commonly used in construction. Plumbing and
electrical supplies, including pipes, fittings, wires, and fixtures, are also necessary for the completion of a
project. Additionally, fixtures and finishes such as cabinets, countertops, flooring, and paint are used to
give a project its final look. The selection and sourcing of materials and goods are critical to ensure that
they meet project specifications, are of high quality, and are delivered on time. Construction companies
must also manage their inventory of materials and goods to ensure that they have enough supplies to
complete projects without running out or having excess inventory that ties up capital.(Spence et al., 2018).

All resources of project management process are important to get the project off the ground and
successfully move it in the right direction. The more effort you put into thinking through these three types
of project resources you will certainly need and start providing and requesting them far enough in advance
to ensure that they are ready for you when you need them, the easier it will be for you to complete your
project on time, on budget and to the required specifications.(Spence et al., 2018).

2.5.4.1 Objectives of material allocation management

The objective of material allocation management is to ensure that the right materials are available at the
right time and in the right quantity to support the production process. Material allocation management
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involves the planning, scheduling, and control of the flow of materials through the production process. The
goal is to minimize inventory costs while ensuring that materials are available when needed to meet
production schedules.(Krajewski, L. J., Ritzman, L. P., & Malhotra, M. K., 2018)

Effective material allocation management can help companies improve their production efficiency, reduce
costs, and improve customer satisfaction. Effective material allocation management can help companies
reduce inventory costs by minimizing the amount of inventory that is held in stock. This can help
companies free up capital that can be used for other purposes. Additionally, effective material allocation
management can help companies improve their production schedules by ensuring that materials are
available when needed. This can help companies reduce lead times and improve customer satisfaction.
( Heizer, J., & Render, B., 2017)

The objectives of resource management system should include lowest final cost, optimum quality,
assurance of supply, and lowest administrative costs. The materials manager should obtain the materials
needed at the lowest cost possible. By buying products at the lowest possible costs from competitive
market helps to reducethe operating cost this results profit to be increase. This can be done by Proper
handling and storage of materials can reduce the total cost of materials; therefore the resource manager
should ensure that materials are handled properly and stored in the most adequate places. Quality is a very
important aspect that the resource manager has to keep in mind. When specifications require a high quality
product, quality could become the most important objective are:

i. Efficient material planning

ii. Buying or purchasing
iii. Procuring and receiving
iv. Storing and inventory control
v. Supply and distribution of materials
vi. Quality assurance
vii. Good suppliers and customer relationship

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2.5.4.2 Construction resource allocation and management

Resource management is a tool to optimize performance in meeting customer service requirements at the
same time adding to profitability by minimizing costs and making the best use of available resources. The
basic objective of resource management as explained by is to ensure that the right item is bought and made
available to the manufacturing operations at the right time, at the right place and at the lowest possible cost.
According to (R, 1995), materials management is a concept which brings together the responsibility for
determining the manufacturing requirement that is scheduling the manufacturing processes and procuring,
storing and dispensing materials. (Banjoko, S. A.,2000)

2.5.4.3 Resource management process

Resource management processes involve the planning, procurement, handling, stock and waste control, and
logistics surrounding materials on construction projects. A good materials management environment
enables proper materials handling on construction sites. In order to better understand resource management
the following processes are discussed: planning, procurement, logistics, handling, stock and waste control.
(Obrien and sommervill, 2014)

A. Planning: the process of planning construction methods has been defined as "understanding what
has to be built, and then establishing the right method, in the most economical way to meet the
client's requirements". This is a detailed scheme for achieving an objective for certain work tasks.
(Stukhart, construction material management, 1995)

Also mentioned arterial planning will provide guides for all the subsequent activities and Can Have a great
impact on the project plan. The materials planning process covers setting up and maintaining the records of
each part used in each plant to determine target inventory levels, and delivery frequency. As a result, an
excellent management of the materials record will help the flow of materials at the site in order to avoid
several problems such as materials out of stock and materials that have not been delivered. Mentioned that,
resource management planning would provide guides to all the subsequent activities and that this could
have a great impact on the project plan .the resource planning process covers the set up and maintenance of
records and determines the target inventory levels, and delivery frequency. (Payne, A .C ,.Cliclsoin,J. V
and Rcavill, LR.P, 1996)

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B. Procurement: The term procurement encompasses a wide range of activities that includes
purchasing of equipment, materials, lab our and services required for construction and
implementation of a project. The objective of procurement in resource management A failure in the
purchasing process or in overseeing and organizing the buying functions as listed by could result in:
(Barrie, D.S. and Paulson, B.C, 1992)
 Over ordering (wastage problem)
 Over payment (inadequate administration procedure )
 Loss of benefit ( lack of skilled negotiation procedure ) and
 Lack of knowledge (when and where the best / service may it be available at any particular time )

In order to avoid failure, it is important to know how the typical purchasing procedure takes place.
Procurement of materials begins with defining the requirements of the project, followed by the selection of
suppliers or subcontractors, and ends with the delivery of materials at the destination. Purchasing materials
from the best source, at the right price and with timely delivery are challenges of many construction
companies.

C. Logistics

Logistics is a concept that emphasizes movement and it encompasses planning, implementing, and
controlling the flow and storage of all goods from raw materials to the finished product to meet customer
requirements.(Stukhart, Construction Management, 1995) Raw materials for construction are usually
varied, bulky and heavy and required proper handling in the supplying process. Consequently, the
construction industry requires active movement of materials from the suppliers to the production area in
both the factory and the worksite According to.(Pheng L S and Chuan C, J, 2001)The previous research
suggested that, the routing of materials is one of the main causes which affect cost and time during
construction projects.(Varhese, K. and O"Connor, J. T., 1995)

D. Handling: Define effective resource handling as using the right method in providing the right
amount of the right material, at the right place, time, sequence, position, condition, and cost. This
involves handling, storing, and controlling of the construction materials.Therefore, Materials
Handling provides movement to ensure that materials are located and that a systematic approach is

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required in designing the system. Handling of materials is the flow.(Tompkins,J. A and White, J. A,
1984)

The selection of the material handling equipment is an important function as it can enhance the production
process, provide effective utilization of manpower, increase production and improve system flexibility. The
importance of appropriate handling of resource is highlighted by the fact that there are expensive and
engages critical decisions. Materials handling equipment selection is an important function in the design of
a material handling system in order to enhance the production process, provide effective utilization of
manpower, increase production, and improve system flexible. In addition, materials scheduling is also an
essential part of handling material on site, which has several benefits. (Che Wan putra, C.W.F., Alimad,
Abd majid, M Z and Kasim N, 1999)Such as:

 Showing the quantities involved in each particular operation;

 Providing a key to the distribution of materials on site; and

 Demonstrating useful way of checking quantities required by sub-contractor, etc.

Materials must be delivered to site undamaged and without any wastage. Most common problems
associated with materials supply is inadequate unloading and handling facilities, which attribute a high
proportion of wastage.(Cantcr, 1993).

E. Stock and Waste

Control The European construction institute's total productivity management report states that "materials
delivery to site is a critical, productivity-related aspect which demands the introduction of a carefully
developed system of monitoring and control as early as possible". Delivery of the bulk of the construction
materials requires proper management of the stock Control. Stock Control Is a technique to ensure all items
such as raw materials, processed materials, components for assembly consumables tours, general stores,
maintenance materials and spares work in progress and finished products are available when required.
(Narimah Binti and Kasim Stukhart G, 2007)

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2.6. RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PROBLEM

There are many issues which contribute to poor resource management in construction projects. suggested
that waste, transport difficulties, improper handling on site, misuse of the specification, lack of a proper
work plan, inappropriate materials delivery and excessive paperwork all adversely affect resource
management. Shortage of materials contributes to the cause of delay in managing resource in the
construction site.(Zakeri, M, Olomolaiye, P., Holt, G. D and Harris, F,S., 1996)

Late delivery of ordered materials is also problematic in resource management. Furthermore, noted that the
common issues relating to resource management are as follows;

 Receiving materials before they are required, causing more inventory cost and chances of deterioration in
quality;

 Not receiving materials at the time. Of requirement, causing loss of productivity;

 Incorrect materials take-off from drawings and design documents;

 Subsequent design changes;

 Damage/loss of items

 Selection of type of contract for specific materials procurement;

 Vendor evaluation criteria;

 Piling up of inventory and controlling of the same; and

 Management of surplus materials

2.7 EFFECTIVE RESOURCE ALLOCATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The effective materials management plan builds from and enhances an institutional master plan by filling in
the gaps and producing an environmentally responsible and efficient outcome. An institutional campus,
office or housing complex can expect a myriad of benefits from an effective resource management plan.
For starters, there are long-term cost savings, as consolidating, reconfiguring, and better managing a
campus’ core infrastructure reduces annual operating costs. An institutional campus, office, or housing

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complex will also get the highest and best use out of campus real estate. An effective resource management
plan also means a more holistic approach to managing vehicle use and emissions, solid waste, hazardous
waste, recycling, and utility services. As a result, this means a “greener,” more sustainable environment and
a manifestation of an effective resource management system can bring many benefits for a company.
Among these benefits are:

 Reducing the Overall Costs

 Better Handling of Materials

 Reduction in Duplicated Orders

 Improvements in Labor Productivity

 Improvements in Project Schedule

 Quality Control

 Better Field Material Control

 Better Relations with Suppliers

 Reduce Of resource Surplus

2.7.1 Benefits of effective resource allocation management

The main benefits of an efficient resource allocation management and control system are: increased
productivity and avoidance of delays, mainly due to the availability of the right materials prior to work
commencement.

The main benefits from efficient resource management and control system are: increased productivity and
avoidance of delays. This is mainly due to the availability of the right materials prior to work common and
the ability to plan the work activities according to the availability of materials. Leaving the crews
unsupervised has a detrimental effect on labor productivity. Reduction in the cost of materials, this is due to
reduction in waste caused by manual and inefficient management and controls. An effective resource
management system can bring many benefits for a company.(Navon, R, & Berkovich O, 2006)

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2.8 WASTE GENERATED BY CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY

The way construction activities are carried out during the construction process also impacts on the quantity
of waste produced. This waste is usually „accidental‟ and is generated by the following factors:

Inaccurate or surplus ordering

 Damage through handling errors

 Damage through inadequate storage

 Damage generated by poor co-ordination with other trades

 Rework due to low quality of work

 Temporary works materials (e.g. Formwork, hoarding etc.)

2.8.1 Minimizing managing of materials on construction projects wastage

Construction material wastage has been recognized as a major problem in the construction industry that has
important implications both for the efficiency industry and for the environmental impact of construction
projects. Moreover, waste measurement plays an important role in the management of production systems
since it is an effective way to assess their performance, allowing areas of potential improvement to be
pointed out.(Carlos Torres Frmoso, L. S, 2002)

Waste management for construction activities has been promoted with the aim of protecting the
environment and the recognition that wastes from construction and demolition works contribute
significantly to the polluted environment. The construction industry plays a vital role in meeting the needs
of society and enhancing the quality of life. Poor material allocation and management with its impact on
building construction in Debre markos town 2019 defined and good environmental practices through
reduction of wastes need to be improved. Normally, the best way to deal with material wastes is not to
create it in the first place.(Shen, V.T, 2002)

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CHAPTER THREE

3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1INTRODUCTION
Research methodology refers to the systematic and scientific approach used to conduct research. It involves
the use of various technique and method to collect and analyze data in order to answer research equations
or analysis and test hypothesis.(Kumar, R, 2014)

Research methodology refers to the principles, procedures, and practices that govern research, whereas
research design refers to the plan used to examine the question of interest. “Methodology” should be
thought of as encompassing the entire process of conducting research (i.e., planning and conducting the
research study, drawing conclusions, and disseminating the findings.(Markczyk geofrey et al ,2005)

This chapter describes the methodology that was used in this research. The adopted methodology to
accomplish this study uses the following techniques: review of literature that related to resource allocation
practicein public building construction projects, the information about the research design, research
population, research sample size, research location, questionnaire design, and statistical data analysis.

3.2, DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA

North-west of the capital city of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa at a The study
area is Debre Markos Town, in East Gojjam Administrative Zone is located in the distance of 300Kms and
265 km to the capital of Amhara Nation Regional State Bahir Dar. The geographical location of the study
area is located between 10°17′00′′ to 10°21′30′′ N Latitudes and 37°42′00′′ to 37°45′30′′ E longitudes and
its elevation ranges in altitude from 2350-2500 meters above the sea level. The town has 1380 mm, average
annual rainfall and minimum and maximum temperatures of 15 OC and 22 OC respectively. And the study
mainly focuses on public building construction that are found in debre markos region.

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3.3, RESEARCH APPROCHES

Research strategies are categorized in two types, which are: quantitative research and qualitative research.
The decision in the choice of the research type is mainly depends on the type of study and availability of
the information required for the study (DeregeGezaheng, 2015).

Quantitative research is an objective measurement of a problem based on a theory composed of variables

that can be measured in numbers; while qualitative research emphasizes meanings, experiences and
descriptions to subjectively evaluate the opinion, view or perception of respondents towards a particular
issue. Quantitative research method can be used to collect and analysis numerical data related to resource
allocation practice.

3.4, RESEARCH DESIGN

Research is the plan or strategy that a researcher uses to conduct a study. It involves making decisions
about the research methods, data collection techniques, and data analysis procedures that will be used to
answer the research question or test the hypothesis. The research design is critical to the success of a study
because it determines the quality and validity of the results.(Creswell, 2014)

This study used descriptive research method. Descriptive study provide a detail understanding of resource
allocation practice which can be use full for identifying area for improvement and informing decision
making and can involve collecting data though survey, questionnaires, interviews and observation to
describe the current state of resource allocation practice in debremarkos building construction projects.

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3.4.1, Study flow chart

Resource allocation practice

identification

Collection of data from primary

source Collection of data from secondary sources

Analysis and evaluation of data

Interpretation of the result

Conclusion and recommendation

Figure 1STUDY FLOW CHART

3.4, DATA COLLECTION METHODOLOGY

3.4.1, Primary data
The source of the primary data was been in a form of questionnaire, interview designed to gather a large
volume of data from consultants, and contractors, site engineer, office engineer and other workers. The
primary function of the survey is to collect information that can be analyzed, and inference made to
produce conclusion about the current practice of resource allocation in building construction industry in
Debre Markos town.

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3.4.2, Secondary data

Secondary data refers to information already published text book such as academics periodicals, research
journals, and government publications, dictionaries, past dissertations, thesis and Internet resources will be
used to compliment the primary data.

3.5, TARGET POPULATION

The term population refers to the aggregate or totality of all the objects, subjects or members that conform
to a set of specifications. In quantitative studies, the researcher identifies the population to be studied
during the planning phase. From the population the smaller one can be studied more extensively at a fixed
cost than a large population, so it is important to decide what population is really of critical importance. For
this study the target population it was been collected from contractors, consultant, and others workers.

3.6, SAMPLE SIZE

The sample size refers to the number of participants or observations included in a research study. It is an
important consideration and research design because it can affect the accuracy and generalizability of the
results. A large sample size generally increases the statistical power of a study and reduces the likely hood
of sampling error.The sample is small comparing to the total population and the aim of the sampling to get
more efficient and more reliable data from the different respondent.

3.7, SAMPLING TECHNIQUES

This study used random sampling techniques because the method select participants or observation from
population in a way that each members of the population has an equal chance of being included in the
sample. In other words random sampling involves selecting a sample of individuals or observation from a
large population in a way that is unbiased and representative of the population.

The sample was this random sampling technique was use full for public building project when the
population of interest is large and not easily accessible and to collect feasible data from every member of
the population.

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3.8, INSTRUMENTS/ TOOLS OF DATA COLLECTION

Our data collection instrument for the research was questionnaire, interview and by observation. The
questionnaire in the study was combined both closed and open- ended questions. This method used to
collecting the required data and reduce the cost per respondent this was helped to the respondent to answer
the questions with no pressure and honesty.

3.9, DATA ANALYSIS

The process of data presentation and analysis involved the basic qualitative and quantitative technique.
Quantitative data gathered through interview and document review then organized and categorized and
written at in to narrative and analyzed through concepts of explanation and elaborate description of ideas
and opinions respondent. We have used descriptive statics. For the purpose of analysis; table, chart and
frequency method of analysis were used which involve classifying collected data on the basis of variable
along and together with other variables.

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CHAPTER FOUR

4, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSION

4.1, GENERAL
This chapter provide the data analyses for local contractor were based on the responses from informants,
and the project management that have been practiced in Debre Markos town.

Evaluation of management parameters and drawbacks resource allocation practices were tabulated and
discussed in table. The discussions have been attempted to evaluate the resource allocation practices in
public building construction projects focusing on the major pillars resource allocation practice and its
problems.

The research was carried out the data and information gathered through the questioner, interview, on
building construction sites. The study was used 15 questioner 1 respondent were not able to respond and 3
interview were collected from thus building constructions. The information gathered through questioner,
interview and observations is briefly discussed. The questioner and interview are attached on appendix part
of this research.

4.2 ASSESSMENT OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION PRACTICE IN PUBLIC BUILDING

CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN DEBRE MARKOS
From the interviews which deals about resource allocation practices in public building construction
projects. The following discussion and analyses was made.

From 14 respondents who were asked to forward there point of view regarding there knowledge about
resource allocation practice management, 13(93%) of them give positive reaction where as 7% of them
were react negatively. Also the interview and observational response was comparable to the respondents
answer. Depending on the responses from respondents, for the interview question, which was about the
having resource allocation practices makes suitable working environment13 respondents were having
practices makes suitable working environments and 1 of them were thinks having resource allocation

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practices has not makes suitable working environment and 1 of the respondents were unable to give
response regarding to this question.

The summary of responses gathered from the respondents is presented as follows in Table 1.

4.1Assessment of recourse allocation practice in public building in Debre Markos town

Assessment of resource allocation practice in Percent (%)

public building in Debre Markos town
No distribution yes no positive negative
Do you have any knowledge about resource
1 allocation management? 13 1 93% 7%
If your answer is yes, do you think that having
resource allocation practices makes suitable
2 working environment? 13 1 93% 7%
Is there any resource allocation management
3 practice in Debre Markos town? 8 6 57% 43%
Can your project use plan based resource allocation
4 practice? 13 1 93% 7%
Are there sufficient professionals allocated in your
5 project? 9 5 64% 36%
Is there any organizational structure for the resource
6 allocation management? 9 5 64% 36%
Does your company use their cost and time for
7 resource allocation practice? 12 2 86% 14%
Is the project plan regularly reviewed and updated
to reflect changes in resource availability or project
8 requirements in your project? 11 3 79% 21%
Is the allocation of resource adjusted as needed to
9 ensure that the project stays on track? 12 2 86% 14%
Is resource allocated based on availability and
10 priority in your building project? 12 2 86% 14%
Average evaluation of resource allocation
practices in public building in construction in
Debre Markos city? 80% 20%

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Resource alloction parctice

100% 93% 93% 93%
90% 86% 86% 86%
79%
80%
70% 64% 64%
60% 57%
50% 43%
40% 36% 36%
30%
21%
20% 14% 14% 14%
10% 7% 7% 7%
0%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

positive nagative

Figure 4.2 Assessment of resource allocation practice in public building projects (graph)

90%
80%
80%

70%

60%

50%
positive
40% nagative
30%
20%
20%

10%

0%
average evaluation of resource allocation practices in public building
in construction in dbere markos city

Figure 3Average evaluation of resource allocation in public building (graph)

As shown in the table 1: the evaluation value of resource allocation practice in public building construction
project that score positive above 70% were having knowledge about resource allocation management,
having resource allocation practice make suitable and also resource allocation management, organizational
structure for resource allocation were performed in medium organized way.

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The average evaluation value of the resource allocation practice in public building construction in Debre
Markos expressed as positive and negative value were in average 80% and 20% respectively.

In resource allocation practice in public building construction project the average result obtained from table
1 showed that the positive value was 80%, which is greater than 70%. This indicates that the value fall to
good.

From the analyses result Debre Markos public building construction projects used different resource
allocation practice;

 The major resource allocation practice in public building construction are, resource allocated based on
their project plans.
 The next major practices we gained is the resource allocated by the availability of resource this means
when the resource are available in market easily that allocate for the work or activity.

 The other practice were resource allocated based on the sequence(flow) of work according to project
goes.
 Based on the project duration and the activity take longer duration and more resource to complete the
project.

As we assessed in Debre Markos city public building construction projects parties that involved in
the constriction process have knowledge about resource allocation management but some projects
were insufficiently implemented the resource allocation practices on their projects.

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4.3 ASSESS PROBLEMS RELATED TO RESOURCE ALLOCATION PRACTICE IN

PUBLIC BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
From section two of the questioner which deals about the challenge of related to resource allocation
practice in public building construction project, the following discussion and analysis was made.

Table 4.2 Assessing Problem related to resource allocation practice

problem related to resource allocation practice in

public building construction project in Debre Percent
Markos town (%)

No Description yes no positive negative

Is there communication b/n the resource allocation
1 department and the material suppliers? 11 3 78.57% 21.43%
2 Is there availability of material as per the schedule? 7 7 50% 50%
Have you think poor resource allocation practice affect the
3 project completion time? 8 6 57.14% 42.86%
Can effective communication and coordination among
different parties involved in building construction project
4 improve resource allocation practice? 14 0 100% 0%
Do local culture and regulation have an impact on resource
5 allocation practice? 11 3 78.57% 21.43%
Have you ever use any remedial measure for the lack of
6 practice I resource allocation? 6 8 42.86% 57.14%
Is inadequate monitoring a problem in resource allocation
7 practice? 6 8 42.86% 57.14%
Is there a lack of flexibility in resource allocation in your
8 project? 8 6 57.14% 42.86%
Is there a lack of consideration for long term sustainability
9 In resource allocation practice? 7 7 50% 50%
Do lack of expertise in resource planning and allocation
10 affect the project? 9 5 64.29% 35.71%

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Average evaluation of resource allocation problem in

public building in construction in Debre Markos town 62% 38%

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100%
93% 93% 93%
90% 86% 86% 86%
79%
80%

70% 64% 64%

60% 57%

50%
43%
40% 36% 36%
30%
21%
20% 14% 14% 14%
10% 7% 7% 7%

0%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

positive nagative

Figure 4.4 problem relate to resource allocation practice in public building

70%
62%
60%

50%

40% 38%

positive
30% negative

20%

10%

0%
average evaluation of resource allocation problem in public building in
construction in dbere markos city

Figure 5 Average evaluation of problem related to resource allocation

The resource allocation of the contractor in building construction were stated in table 2. As describe in the
table all results were categorized under good compliant values of positive rather than communication

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between resource allocation department and material suppliers which is medium value and also from the
observation perceived the lack of resource allocation affect the project progress, sufficient professionals
allocated on each departments, availability of material as per the schedule and using remedial measure for
the lack of practice in resource allocation was as per the schedule which fall under good.

According to the result of our assessment there is some challenges in resource allocation practice which are
unbalanced of resource assignation on some parts of tasks, the required materials not supplied on the
schedule of the project that delay the project completion period and that affect the contractors cost, time
and energy. The other challenge is lack of consideration for long term sustainability in resource allocation
at organizational level. And also the project faced huge challenge in terms of the worldwide market
unsuitability, Country political, Economical and shortage of hard currency.

Other challenges or problem related to resource allocation practice from observation and interviews are
listed below:

A. Insufficient professions (expertise) and skilled man power.

B. Lack of adequate monitoring of problem related to resource allocation.
C. Based on our observation on site the materials allocated or placing improper way.
D. Shortage of materials in the market because of insufficient production and unexpected price
inflation.
E. The high rent cost of equipment and oil cost inflation.
F. Contractors developing of bad attitude of neglecting problems until it affect the project or

Based on observation made, it’s clearly shown that the local building contractors in debre markos city were
let from their schedule. Even though they have a schedule and plan for material, equipment, finance none
of them stick to their schedule that the failure result from improperly attending realistic project duration,
proper investigation of site unnecessary interference of the client.

As per respondents there are many consequence of absence of resource allocation practice,

 It lead to the contractor does not finish on time,

 It affect the economy of the contractor,

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 It’s not allows you to plan and prepare for construction implementation or achieving goals
 It’s not help project manager to assign the best team for the job and optimize how work is assigned

4.4 METHOD OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN DEBRE MARKOS TOWN PUBLIC

BUILDINGS PROJECT

4.4.1 Human resource allocation

Figure 6 Human resource allocation method

Method used in
no Method of resource allocation site Rank
1 safety and compliance 2 2
2 based on skill or performance 13 1
3 training and development 1 3

method used in site

3.5
3
3

2.5
2
2

1.5
1
1

0.5

0
time based cost based based on priority
1 2 3

method used in site

Figure 7 Method used in site for human resource allocation

According to the above graph and table, almost all construction projects use skill and performance based
human resource allocation for all project activity. And some of them respondent said sometimes use
training and development human resource allocation method when the task in the project complex or new
for the work mans.

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4.4.2 Financial or capital resource allocation method

Table 1 Financial or capital resource allocation method

method used
no financial (capital ) resource in site rank
1 based on project plan 9 1
2 based on client budget 8 2
3 by project or activity’s duration 1 3

method used in site

3.5
3
3

2.5
2
2

1.5
1
1

0.5

0
time based cost based based on priority
1 2 3

method used in site

Figure 8 method of financial allocation used in site

Form the above result, financial resource allocation method used for the projects are almost all of them are
adopting the two major methods those are based on project plan and based on client budget because of all
process follow the project plan and the capital of the client.

4.4.3 Material resource allocation method

Table 2 Material resource allocation method

Method used in
no Material resource allocation method site Rank
1 base on availability 7 1
2 resource leveling and resource smoothing 1 3
3 critical path method 6 2

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method used in site

3.5
3
3

2.5
2
2 method used in site
1.5
1
1

0.5

0
time based cost based based on priority
1 2 3

Figure 9 material resource allocation method used in site

According to the above table also all method used regarding to material resource allocation the most project
used based on availability of material on site and market, the other method that usually used on site are the
critical path method because this method primitive strategy for keeping a project within time concentrated
so important for resource allocation for public building construction projects in debremarkos town.

4.4.4 Equipment allocation method

Table 3 Equipment resource allocation method

Equipment l resource allocation

no method Method used in site Rank
1 time based 3 2
2 cost based 2 3
3 based on priority 1 4
4 by types of work 9 1
5 risk based 0 5

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method used in site

10
9
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
0
time based cost based based on priority by types of work risk based
1 2 3 4 5

Figure 10equipment allocation method in site

The result of the above table and graph showed almost all of them are used equipment allocated based on
the type of work need equipment or machinery to complete the activity and also when the contactor had not
the required equipment to perform the activity the renting of equipment’s the allocation method used is
time based method.

4.5 THE MEASUREMENT HAVE TO BE TAKEN TO SOLVE POOR RESOURCE

ALLOCATION
This section give remedial measure for the problem related to resource allocation from respondent and in
our view.

Table 4 measurement have to be taken to solve problem poor resource allocation practice

the measurement have to be taken to solve the Percent (%)

poor resource allocation practice
No Description yes no positive negative
Can collaborating with suppliers and contractors help
1 optimize resource allocation in construction projects? 14 0 100% 0%

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Can providing training and education on resource

allocation best practices help improve efficiency in
2 construction project? 11 3 78.57% 21.43%
Is conducting regular reviews of resource allocation
3 important to identify areas for improvement? 11 3 78.57% 21.43%
Does technology be used to help with resource
4 allocation practice in your projects? 6 8 42.85% 57.14%
Would hiring a dedicated resource manager be a good
5 way to optimize resource allocation practice? 11 3 78.57% 21.43%
Does monitoring resource usage an important step in
ensuring efficient resource allocation practice in
6 building construction? 14 0 100% 0%
Does modular construction help optimize resource
allocation practice by reducing waste and increasing
7 efficiency? 13 1 92.85% 7.14%
Is important to communicate regularly with
stakeholders including project managers, contractors,
suppliers to ensure everyone is on the same page
8 regarding to resource allocation practice? 13 1 92.85% 7.14%
Average evolution of the measurement have to be taken to
solve the problem of poor resource practice. 83.0325 16.96375

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Chart Title

120%

100.00% 100.00%
100%
92.85% 92.85%

78.57% 78.57% 78.57%

80%

60% 57.14%

42.85%
40%

21.43% 21.43% 21.43%

20%
7.14% 7.14%
0.00% 0.00%
0%
1 2 3 postive 4 nagative 5 6 7 8

Figure 11 measurement have to be taken to solve problem poor resource allocation practice

As shown the above table and graph the measurement have to be taken to reduce or improving problems
related to poor resource allocation practice listed below
 To avoid the problem both the contractor and supplier communicate before the work started and
make proper schedule on the method of material delivery system.
 Monitoring resource usage is important step in ensuring efficient resource allocation practice.
 The stake holders that participate in the project it must be communicate regularly regarding to
resource allocation.
 Providing training and education for work man to improve their best practice for the efficiency
resource allocation.
 Using advanced technologies like primavera MS project, PERT and the advanced technology of
building information model.
 Use standards of material that to reduce wastage and also use the recyclable materials.

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 Hiring the experienced or professionals on resource allocation management.

A Remedial measures taken for problems is detail summery of the projects of the environmental issues
found on a property during a site a characterization and outline so a plan of action that illustrate which
remedial well be used to achieve project goal. Also included in the plan of implementation and how it is
effectiveness will be measured.

The successfully completion of the project resource has been allocated as per the planning and schedule but
some time resource was not properly allocated so the managerial of the project take action once started
allocating resource they should have to complete up to achieving the needed and recommended resource
from managers on construction site instead of get out from the construction site before completion of
resource allocation.

In addition to precedence relationship and a time duration resource requirements are usually estimated for
each activity. Since the work activities defined for a project are comprehensive the total resource required
for the project are the sum of the resource required for various activity. By making resource requirement
estimate for each activity, the requirement for particular resource during the course of the project can be
identified. Potential bottlenecks can those be identified and schedule, resource allocation or technology
changes made to avoid problems. Many formal scheduling procedures can incorporate constraints imposed
by the availability of particular resource.

Resource management one of the most vital aspect of construction project management in today’s economy
since the construction industry is resource exhaustive and the costs of construction resource have gradual,
rising over the last several decades. This technique help to reduce project duration use of unlimited
availability of resources for completion of a project. Thought is observed that resources are limited in real
project situation. It has been observed that the project delay occurs due to inadequate supply of resource.

During our observed to the site, we raised some oral interviews the people concerned some of the questions
we asked and some of the answers were given

The benefit of resource allocation management is to allocate resource across the organization maximize to
their utility and when done right, it can improve consumer employee satisfaction. Since resource is the

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main component of the planned project its poor allocation leaves activities with no exaction. Thus consign
delay on the project. The purpose of taking remedial action plans is help us avoid repeating past mistake
and help us to avoid waste of resource.

Kind of practice used for allocated Equipment

 Planning for the resource management

 Identifying the activity resources based on type, number and capacity
 Acquire the resources
 Develop a managing team and managing a team
 Finally control the resources both allocation and utilization

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CHAPTER FIVE

5, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1, CONCLUSION
Based on the above data analysis and discussion the following conclusion were made as observation made,
it’s clearly show that the local building contractors in Debre Markos town were late from there on schedule
by the effect of resource allocation. Even though they have schedule and plan for material equipment and
human resources, none of them stick to their schedule that a faller result from improperly attending realistic
project duration, proper investigation of site and unnecessary interference. Even though the average result
of resource allocation practice in Debre Markos public building project resource allocation practice fall
good.

The result is obtained under the categories of resource allocation of the contractor showed that in most of
the project manager there was indicating about the resource allocation of building construction site. The
scenario result inefficient project performance and less motivated employees on the position they were
assigned which affect the progress of the project.

The resource allocation practice regarding to man power allocation, material, finance and equipment
allocation of average evaluation value of the resource allocation practice in building construction project
expressed as positive and negative value were in average 80% which is most of the company was good.
Some resource allocation challenges there is no good resource allocation around the working environment
due to insufficient resources and lack of good management.

At a very aggregate level, resource requirement categorized might be limited to the amount of labored
amount of finance and amount of material required for an activity, and the total cost of the activity. At this
aggregate level the resource estimates may be useful for the purpose of project monitoring and cash flow
planning.

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5, 2RECOMMENDATION
From the result we gained from the research of resource allocation practice in public building construction
projects in Debre Markos town we recommend some ideas regarding to improving the practice of resource
allocation listed as follow below:

 Regular monitoring of the resource usage for each activity’s

 By using Advance technology for planning and scheduling resources, like material, human, capital
resources.
 Give training and education for resource allocation
 The contractors building construction have to develop scheduling and planning for resource
allocation to track progress of work rather than monitoring physical change of projects.
 Human resource capacity building programs must be formulated concerning effective project
resource allocation practice management for contractors, especially for the manager.
 Effective communication and periodic site meeting should be conducted to enhance detail
knowledge resource allocation on project monitor and its progress.
 Construction companies have to focus on cresting responsible and competent employees in their
assigned position.
 The contractor should have to be standing to stick in interval of good percentage of performance on
scheduling resource allocation practices of the company.

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References
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AL harbi, and AL-sultan, k. (2013). Resource allocation in construction projects:. Journal of construction engineering
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Alarcon, L.F and Edwardes . (2018).

Barrie, D.S. and Paulson, B.C. (1992). proffessional construction management: including CAL, design-construct , and
general contrating . London: McGmw Hill.

Brigham, E, F and ehrhardt,M.C. (2017). Financial management; theory and practice . Cengage lerning.

Cantcr, M. R. (1993). Resource management for construction an integrated Approach. Mcmillan, London.

Carlos Torres Frmoso, L. S. (2002). Material waste in building industry: Main causes and prevention. Journal of
construction engineering and management, vol 128, 316-317.

Che Wan putra, C.W.F., Alimad, Abd majid, M Z and Kasim N. (1999, Deccember 6-8). Improving material sceduling
for construction industry in mal malaysia. Malaysia: Malaysia scince and technology congress 99.

council, N. r. (2009). Nation research council. New York.

Creswell, J. (2014). Research design qualitativ, quantitative and mixed methods approches (4th ed.). Sage
publications.

Derebe, w. (2018). sstudys on planning and scheduling of CBE head quarter building construction,. Addis Abeba:
Addis Abeab university.

DeregeGezaheng. (2015). Study on Cost Related Claim Practice in Federal Road Projects; Focused on Local
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H. A odeyinka and A. Yusif. (1997). causes and effects of construction delye o complation cost of housing projects.
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institute, C. i. (2015). Capital cost resource .

kaming,PF.,Olomolaiye, p.o,Holt, and Harris,F.C. (1997). Factors influencing construction time and cost overruns on
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Kerzener. (2017). project maneagment a syestm apporch to planning, scheduling, controling (10th ed.). New York:
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kerzner, h. (2017). project manegment: A system of Planning, scheduling and controling (5th ed.). New York.

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Krajewski, L. J., Ritzman, L. P., & Malhotra, M. K. (2018). oprational management; process and supply chaines.
pearson.

Kumar, R. (2014). Research methodlogy: A step-by-step guide for beginners (4th ed ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
publication.

Marczyk, Geofrey et al. (2005). Essentials of Research Design and Methodology John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Narimah Binti and Kasim Stukhart G. (2007). Imporving material management on construction project material
management Apporach for small scale sector (2nd ED ed.). New York: Marcel Dkker Inc.

Navon, R, & Berkovich O. (2006). An automated model for material management and control, construction
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Payne, A .C ,.Cliclsoin,J. V and Rcavill, LR.P. (1996). Managment for engineers . london: jolul wiley and sons,
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Pheng L S and Chuan C, J. (2001). just in time management in pre cast concret construction, a survey of the
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APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRESURVEYFORRESEARCHONASSESEMENTOFRESOURCEALLOCATION
PRACTICESON PUBLIC BUILDING IN DEBREMARKOS TOWN

We are currently pursuing a BSc. at Debre Markos University, institute of technology school of civil
and water resource engineering construction technology and management academic program. the
purpose of this survey is to investigate resources allocation practices in building construction in case
of Debre Markos town. All information received will be kept totally confidential and used solely for
academic research and analysis, with no identities of persons involved mentioned. We kindly request
you to participate in this research study by completing the attached questionnaire. Respondent’s
identity and response will remain anonymous and the information will only be used for research
purpose only. We also sincerely request you to respond to the questions as honestly as possible and
return the completed questionnaires. Knowing that your time is precious, please take few minutes of
your time to complete the questionnaire.

Specific Objectives of the study are;

Toassessresourceallocationpracticesinbuildingconstructionprojectsincaseof Debre Markos town.
To identify problems related to resource allocation practice in building construction project in case of
Debre Markos town.
To identify the measurements, have to be taken to solve the poor resources allocation practice.
Personal information
1. Your organization type;

Private public

2. Grade of your organization

BCI

GCI

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BCII

GCIII

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1. Employees (permanent and temporary) of

Organization Below 50 50 – 100

Above 100
2. The respondent position

Project manager Safety manager Site engineer Office engineer

Designer Site supervisor Client

3. Working experience of the respondent ;

Less than 1year 1– 5years 6–10years over10years

4. Number of completed building construction projects by your company

Less than 1year 1– 5years 6–10years over 10years

5. Education level

High school MA/ MSc

BA/BSc phD

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PARTTWO

This thesis check list and interviews are prepared to obtain information required for the academic
projects study entitled “assessment of resource allocation practices in Debre Markos city “in
building construction which is being conducted as partial fulfillment of projects in construction
technology and management , your response in this report is highly valuable d contributing to the
outcome of the research . All feedback will kept strictly confidential and utilized for the
academic research only

Please answer the following questions by simply saying ‘yes (√)‘or ‘no’(√)

No Description yes No
1 Do you have any knowledge about resource allocation management?

If your answer is yes, do you think that having resource allocation practices
2
makes suitable working environment?

3 Is there any resource allocation management practice in Debre Markos

Town?

4 Can your project use plane based resource allocation practice?

5 Are there sufficient professionals allocated on your project?

Is there any organizational structure for the resource allocation

6
management?
7 Does your company use their cost and time for resource allocation
practice?
8 Is the project plan regularly reviewed and updated to reflect changes
in resource availability or project requirements in your project?
9 Is the allocation of resource adjusted as needed to ensure that the
project stays on track?

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10 Is resource allocated based on availability and priority in your

building project?
Part Three

Please answer the following questions by simply saying ‘yes(√)‘or ‘no’(√)

YES NO

Istherecommunicationb/
ntheresourceallocationdepartmentsandmaterial suppliers?
1

2 Is there availability of material as per the schedule?

3 Have you ever use any remedial measure for the lack of practice in
resource allocation?
4 Do you think Poor resource allocation practice affect the project
completion time?

5 Can effective communication and coordination among different

department involved in building construction project improve
resource allocation practice?
6 Do local labor laws and regulations have an impact on resource
allocation practice?

7 Is inadequate monitoring a problem in resource allocation?

8 Is there a lack of flexibility in resource allocation in your project?

9 Is there a lack of consideration for long term sustainability in

resource allocation?
1 Do lack of expertise in resource planning and allocation affect the
0 project?

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PART FOURPleaseanswerthefollowingquestionsbysimplysaying’yes(√)‘or’no’(√)
YES NO
Can collaborating with suppliers and contractor help optimize resource
1
allocation in construction projects?

2 Can providing training and education on resource allocation best

practices help improve efficiency in construction projects?

3 Is conducting regular reviews of resource allocation important to

identify areas for improvement?

4 Does technology be used to help with resource allocation practice in

your projects?

5 Would hiring a dedicated resource manager be a good way to optimize

resource allocation practice?

6 Does monitoring resource usage an important step in ensuring efficient

resource allocation practice in building construction?

7 Does modular construction help optimize resource allocation practice

by reducing waste and increasing efficiency?

8 Is important to communicate regularly with stakeholders including

project managers , contractors, and suppliers to ensure every one is on
the same page regarding to resource allocation practice?

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PART; FIVE
Express the methods used on your site for resource allocation practice type listed below
No Types of resource Methods on resource Methods used in our site
Allocation
1 Human resource
Safety and compliance

Based on skill or performance

Training and development

2 Financial (capital)
Resource
Based on project plan

Based on client budget

By project or activity’s
durations
3 Material resource

Based on availability

Resource leveling and

resource smoothing
Critical path method

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No Types of resource Methods on resource Methods used in our site

Allocation
4 Equipment
Time based

Cost based

Priority based

By Types of work

Risk based

PART SIX :
Please express your opinion about resource allocation management practice by giving clear
and precise answers for the following questions.
1. Have you ever faced challenges because of lack of resource allocation practices? ,If
yes ,what was the challenge faced
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Who do you think is responsible for the lack of resource allocation managements? Client,
Contractor, supplies?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
…
3. Do you think the consequence of absence of resource allocation practice affect the
completion of project on time? If yes how ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
4. Is there a set of best practice for resource allocation for equipment in your project? If yes
what kind of practice?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………

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