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Sampling

sampling qs

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3 views

Sampling

sampling qs

Uploaded by

namrathameedinti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sampling

Sampling is the process of selecting a subset of


observations or data points from a larger population or
dataset, to gather information about it in a more ef cient
and cost-effective manner, as it is often impractical or
impossible to collect data from the entire population.

It is important to consider potential sources of bias and


implement appropriate sampling strategies to minimize
bias and ensure the validity of the ndings.

Interview questions on sampling as a standalone topic are


less frequently asked. However, sampling is a foundational
technique applied to bigger topics such as hypothesis
tests and A/B tests, so we recommend reviewing the
below example questions to assess your understanding.

What to expect

Example questions include:

• What are the advantages and disadvantages of


random sampling?
• What’s the difference between analyzing data
from the population vs. samples from the population?
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• When sampling data for analysis, what would you
consider to verify that the samples are good?
• How do you evaluate if samples are biased?
This lesson will explain common types of sampling and
provide examples for each.

Simple random sampling

Every member of the population has an equal chance of


being selected for the sample. Random sampling ensures
that the sample is representative of the population and
reduces bias in the estimation of population parameters.

Example

A researcher selects 100 students from a school by


assigning each student a unique number and using a
random number generator to select the sample.

Systematic sampling

In systematic sampling, individuals or observations are


selected at regular intervals from a list or ordered
population. It is similar to random sampling but slightly
easier to implement.

Example
A quality control manager selects every 10th item from a
production line for inspection.

Strati ed sampling

The population is divided into distinct subgroups or strata


based on certain characteristics (e.g. age, gender,
location). Samples are then independently selected from
each stratum, ensuring representation from all subgroups
in the population.

Strati ed sampling is useful when certain subgroups are of


particular interest or when there is variability within the
population.

Example

A market researcher divides customers into age groups


(e.g. 18-25, 26-35, 36-45) and then randomly selects
individuals from each age group for a survey.

Cluster sampling

The population is divided into clusters or groups, and a


random sample of clusters is selected. All members of the
selected clusters are included in the sample.
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Cluster sampling is useful when it is impractical to sample
individuals directly and when clusters are representative of
the population.

Example

A researcher selects several classrooms from different


schools and surveys all students in the selected
classrooms.

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