1

ECE219, Signals, Systems and Controls x(t)

Academic Year 2015-16
Problem Sheet #1 0.5
6
Due: 0 12 15 24 t
−1
Fig. P3
Important instructions for doing the problem sheet a) y1 (t) = x(2t − 4).
b) y2 (t) = x(6 − t).
• Note that the problem sheet is to be done by c) y3 (t) = x(2 − 2t ).
each student individually. 4) Sketch each of the following continuous-time
• Be neat. Make sure your solution look nice and signals:
organized. It is part of the impression of your a) x1 (t) = u(t−1)+u(t−2)−u(t−3)−u(t−4),
capabilities. Justify your answers. where u(·) denotes the continuous-time unit
step function.
b) x2 (t) = d xdt1 (t) .
c) x3 (t) = (t − 4)[u(t − 2) − u(t − 4)].
d) x4 (t) = δ(t+2)−δ(t−2), where δ(·) denotes
1) Determine the values of P∞ and E∞ of the the Dirac delta function.
following signals: Rt
e) x5 (t) = −∞ x4 (τ )dτ .
a) x1 (t) = B exp (−at), where a > 0. sin(t)
b) A rectangular pulse of width τ and unit f) x6 (t) = t
.
sin2 (t)
height, denoted by rect( τt ), is defined as g) x7 (t) = |t|
.
t−3


|t| ≤ τ2 h) x8 (t) = 4∆ 2 .
  
t 1,
rect =
2 rect t−2


τ 0, elsewhere. i) x9 (t) = 4
.
c) A triangular pulse of width τ and unit height, 5) Determine and sketch the even and odd de-
denoted by ∆( τt ), is defined as composition of the continuous-time signal x(t)
shown in Fig. P5
1 − τ2 |t|, |t| ≤ τ2
  
t x(t)
∆ =
τ 0, elsewhere.
1

d) x2 (t) = 2 cos(t) + 3 sin(2t). −2

e) x3 [n] = ( 21 )n u[n], where u[·] denotes the −1 0 1 2 t
discrete-time unit step function (unit step −1

sequence) . Fig. P5
f) x4 [n] = cos( π4 n)
2) Determine whether or not each of the following 6) A discrete-time signal x[n] is defined by
signals is periodic. If signal is periodic, deter- 
mine its fundamental period.  1, n = 1, 2
x[n] = −1, n = −1, −2
a) x1 (t) = 3 cos(4t + π4 ).  0,

2 elsewhere
b) x2 (t) = 2 cos(2t − π3 ) .
c) x3 [n] = 7 cos( 6π n + 1). Sketch each of the following discrete-time sig-
7
d) x4 [n] = 2Pcos( 2 n) cos( π4 n).
π nals:
e) x5 [n] = ∞ k=−∞ {δ[n − 4k] − δ[n − 1 − 4k]},
a) y1 [n] = x[2n + 5].
where δ[·] denotes the Kronecker delta func- b) y2 [n] = x[3n − 4].
tion. c) y3 [n] = Ev{x[n]}, where Ev{} denotes
3) For the continuous-time signal x(t) shown even component of the signal x[n].
in Fig. P3, sketch each of the following d) y4 [n] = Od{x[n]}, where Od{} denotes odd
continuous-time signals: component of the signal x[n].

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7) Simplify x(t)
 the following expressions:
sin(t)
a) t2 +2 δ(t). 1
  1
1 2
b) jω+1 δ(ω + 3).
  −1 0 1 t
c) sin(kω)
ω
δ(ω). −1
2

8) Evaluate the following integrals: Fig. P11

R2
a) 1 (3t2 + 1)δ(t)dt. 12) Consider a continuous-time linear time-
R∞
b) −∞ exp(−t)δ(2t − 2)dt. invariant (LTI) system whose response to
R∞
c) −∞ exp(−t)δ (t)dt, where δ (t) = dδ(t)
′ ′
. the signal x1 (t) in Fig. P12(a) is the signal
dt
y1 (t) illustrated in Fig. P12(b). Determine and
• In exercises 9) and 10), y(t) and y[n]
sketch the response y2 (t) of the system to the
denote the continuous-time and discrete-
input x2 (t) depicted in Fig. P12(c).
time system output, respectively and x(t)
and x[n] denote the continuous-time and
x1 (t) y1 (t)
discrete-time system input, respectively.
2

9) Determine if each of the following systems is 1 1

invertible. If it is, construct the inverse system. 0 1 2 0 1 2

t t
If it is not, find two input signals to the system (a) (b)
that have the same output.
a) y(t) = x(t − 1).
x2 (t)


b) y(t) = cos x(t − 1) .
c) y[n] = n x[n].
2
d) y[n] = x[n] x[n − 1]. y2 (t) =?
1
10) In particular, a system may or may not be the
following properties: −1 0 1 2 t
(c)
a) Memory-less Fig. P12
b) Time invariant
c) Linear 13) A continuous-time signal x(t) is shown in
d) Causal Fig. P13.
e) Stable x(t)
Determine which of these properties hold and 1
which do not hold for each of the following
systems. Justify your answers.
Rt
i) y(t) = −∞ x(τ )dτ . −2 −1 0 1 2 t
ii) y(t) = x(t − 2) + x(2 − t).
iii) y(t) = sin(t)x(t). Fig. P13
iv) y[n] = n x[n] + x[n − 1]. Sketch and determine the value of E∞ for each
v) y[n] =  x[n − 2] − 2x[n − 4]. of the following continuous-time signals:
 x[n − 1]; n ≥ 1 a) x1 (t) = d dx(t) .
t
vi) y[n] = 0; n=0 d2 x(t)
 x[n]; n ≤ −1 b) x2 (t) = d t2
.
11) Sketch the even and odd parts of the signal x(t) For every disciplined effort there is a multiple
shown in Fig. P11 reward. - Jim Rohn (1930-2009)

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