PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE II

ARP 401-5 — PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE II: ADMINISTERING THE REGULAR SERVICES | AR. ALVIN P. TEJADA

Article III: The Architect’s Responsibilities in Relation to

Topic Outline:
his/her Client
● The Architect’s Code of Ethics
● Standards of Professional Practice (SPP) Section 4: Relations with the Client
Document 201 on Pre-design Services The Architect' s relation to his/her Client is dependent upon
● Standards of Professional Practice (SPP) good faith. The Architect shall always endeavor to protect the
Document 202 on Pre-design Services Client' s interests but never at the expense of higher public
● Standards of Professional Practice (SPP)
interests and public welfare.
Document 203 on Specialized Architectural
Services ● Shall introduce to a prospective Client the
professional services he/she is able to perform
provided it is limited to the presentation of examples
THE ARCHITECT’S CODE OF ETHICS of his/her professional-experience.
● Shall acquaint or ascertain from the Client, at the
The Professional Regulatory Board of Architecture very inception of their business relationship.
Resolution No. 02 Series of 2006 ● Shall explain the conditional character of estimates
- Entitled “Adoption and Promulgation of the Code of and in no case shall he/she guarantee any
Ethical Conduct for Registered and Licensed estimates or cost of the work in order to secure a
Architects and for Holders of Temporary/Special commission.
Permits”.
- Under “R.A. No. 9266”, also known as “Architecture Article IV: The Architect’s Responsibilities in Relation to
Act of 2004”. the Contractor
- A resolution from the Professional Regulatory Board Section 5: Relations with the Contractor
of Architecture in the Republic of the Philippines. The Contractor depends upon the Architect to safeguard the
Contractor's interest as well as those of the Client.
Article I: General Provisions ● Shall give the Contractor every reasonable
assistance to enable him/her to fully understand the
contents of the Contract Documents.
Section 1: The profession of Architecture calls
Traits of for men and women of the highest ● Shall reject any offer of free professional
Architects integrity, responsiveness, business engineering or allied design service/s, or receive
acumen, sensibility, as well as any substantial aid, gifts, commissions, or favors
artistic and technical ability. from any Contractor or Subcontractor.
● Shall not knowingly call upon the Contractor to
Section 2: The Architect' s honesty of purpose correct or remedy oversights or errors in the
Duties and must be beyond reproach; he/she Contract Document to the Contractor's or the
Responsibilities acts as professional adviser to
his/her Client and his/her advice Owner's financial disadvantage.
must be unprejudiced
Article V: The Architect’s Responsibilities in Relation to
Manufacturers, Dealers, and Agents
Article II: The Architect’s Responsibilities in Relation to
Section 6: Relations with the Manufacturers, Dealers,
the People
and Agents
Section 3: Relations with the Public
An exchange of technical information between the Architect
The Architect is engaged in a profession which carries with it
and those who manufacture, supply, and handle building
civic responsibilities towards the public, whether such
materials or equipment is necessary and, therefore,
responsibilities are the natural outcome of good citizenship
encouraged and commended.
or whether they partake of informative and educational
● Shall not solicit free professional engineering/allied
matters or of his/her normal interest in public welfare.
design or other technical services from
● Shall respect and help conserve the systems of
manufacturers or suppliers of building materials or
values and the natural, historic, and cultural
equipment.
heritage of the community in which he/she creates
● Shall not seek commissions, discounts, fees, gifts,
architecture.
or favors from agents or firms handling building
● Shall promote the interest of his/her professional
materials or equipment.
organization and do his/her full part of the work to
enhance the objectives and services of the
organization.
● shall not use paid advertisement, nor use
self-laudatory, exaggerated, or misleading publicity.

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Article VI: The Architect’s Responsibilities in Relation to 2. It will be most advantageous to the Client to involve
his/her Colleagues and Subordinates the Architect in the earliest stages of the project
Section 7: Relations with his/her Colleagues and since the Architect, if suitably experienced, can
Subordinates provide the Client with objective project analysis,
The Architect has moral responsibilities towards his/her establishing parameters to optimize building needs
profession, colleagues, and subordinates. vis-à-vis available resources and attendant
● Shall not render professional services without a constraints.
professional service agreement.
● Shall abide by the basic minimum fee prescribed Scope of Pre-design Services
under the "Standards of Professional Practice". Pre-Design Services in architecture encompass various
● Shall not maliciously, or unfairly criticize, or discredit activities, such as feasibility studies, site analysis, space
another Architect or the latter's work. planning, and more, that assist architects in understanding
● Shall not affix his/her signature and seal to any and conceptualizing potential solutions before the design
plans or professional documents prepared by other phase.
persons or entities and not done under his/her
direct personal supervision.
1. Consultation Architects provide valuable advice,
guidance, and input to clients
Article VII: Architect’s Credo through activities like offering
Section 8: Any registered and licensed architect shall advice, attending meetings,
recite with vigor, passion, and hope the Architect's making evaluations, and providing
Credo during special or important occasions. insights on potential projects,
regardless of whether the projects
● I shall work with this virtuous commitment: to
are pursued or not.
exercise to the utmost my duty to myself, my
country, and my God. 2. Pre-feasibility They represent the Architect's
● I shall ask for fair remuneration for my professional Studies initial assessment of a project's
services from my Client, and hold his/her interest soundness, allowing the Client to
over and above my own. promptly explore available readily
● I shall uphold the ideals, follow the norms of identifiable directions options.
conduct of a noble profession, and endlessly
3. Feasibility Detailed analysis of the project
endeavor to protect and further its just ends.
Studies based on pre-feasibility studies will
determine the viability of a
Article VIII: Miscellaneous Provisions proposed development.
Section 9: Liabilities and Penalties
Any registered and licensed architect or a grantee of a 4. Site Selection This entails the formulation of site
and Analysis criteria, assistance to the Client in
temporary/special permit who violates any provision of this
site evaluation as well as analysis
Code shall be liable under Sec. 23 (f), Art. III and Sec. 29, to determine the most appropriate
and Art. lV of R.A. No. 9266. sites for a proposed project.
Section 10: Separability Clause
If any section or part of the herein Resolution shall be 5. Site Utilization The detailed analysis of the site
declared unconstitutional or invalid, such declaration or and Land-use involves the identification of a site
judgment shall not affect, invalidate, or impair the other Studies development potential through the
sections or provisions thereof or part thereof directly involved proper utilization of land.
in which such judgment has been rendered.
6. Architectural Architectural research entails the
Section 11: Effectivity Clause Research conduct of primary and secondary
The herein Resolution shall take effect after fifteen (15) days research and assembled facts
following its full and complete publication in the Official used as basis for conclusion.
Gazette or any daily newspaper of general circulation in the
Philippines. 7. Architectural This analytical problem seeking
Programming process will lead to the statement
STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE (SPP) and identification of both horizontal
and vertical requirements in
DOCUMENT 201 ON PRE-DESIGN SERVICES offering a solution.

Introduction 8. Space Planning Space planning is done mainly

1. The basic services provided by the Architect have through primary data gathering
remained relatively unchanged over the years. such as interviews, consultations,
and interfaces.
However, the Architect must expand his services in
response to the increasing demands of his/her
9. Space The formulation of the space
Clients, the evolution of new standards of regulated Management program will serve as the basis for
professional practice, the advancement of Studies the development of the
technology and the enactment of new laws. architectural plan design.

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 10. Value Value management is a technique Formula
Management used to mitigate the potentially
negative consequence of Assume:
simplifying operations that often A = Architect’s rate/hour
come with cost-reduction C = Consultant’s rate/hour
programs. T = Technical staff rate/hour
AN, CN, TN = No. of hours by Architect, Consultant, and
11. Design Brief Under design brief preparation, the Technical Staff
Preparation Architect states the project terms M = Multiplier to account for overhead and reasonable
of reference (TOR) including the profit
concept, objectives, and other R = Reimbursable expenses such as transportation and
necessary requirements. allowance of consultants

12. Promotional Projects may require promotional Direct cost = AN + CN + TN

Services activities in order to develop and Fee = Direct cost x M
generate financial support from Total cost of service charged to client = Fee + R
governing agencies or from the
general public.
2. Professional Fee Plus Expense
- This method of compensation is frequently
Manner of Providing Services used where there is a continuing
1. After the initial meeting with the Client, the Architect relationship involving a series of projects.
must submit his proposal for pre-design services, 3. Lump Sum
stating the following: - This method may be applied to
● Scope of work government projects since they entail more
● Manner of payment paperwork and time-consuming efforts.
● Owner’s responsibilities 4. Per Diem, Honorarium Plus Reimbursable
● Other conditions of services Expenses
2. The Architect can render services in any of the - In some cases a Client may request an
following ways: Architect to do work which will require his
● An Architect must have special training personal time such as:
and be knowledgeable in different fields to ● Attending project-related
supplement his skills meetings, conferences or trips.
● Architect’s own staff by association ● Conducting ocular inspection of
● Consultation or networking possible project sites.
● Conferring with others regarding
Method of Compensation prospective investments or
The Architect’s compensation is based on the ventures.
Architect’s/architectural firm’s talents, skill, experience, 5. Mixed Methods of Compensation
imagination, and on the type and level of professional - The SPP provides for more than one
services provided. method of compensation on a project.
Percentage (%) of a Project Construction Cost (PCC) Each project should be examined to
- The Architect’ s Fee based on the PPC shall be determine the most appropriate and
detailed in the Architect’ s guidelines. equitable method of compensation.

1. Multiple of Direct Personnel Expenses STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE (SPP)

- This method of compensation is based on DOCUMENT 202 ON PRE-DESIGN SERVICES
technical hours spent and does not
account for creative work since the value Introduction
of creative design cannot be measured by 1. These standards of professional practice apply to
the length of time the designer has spent both individual practice (by a natural person) and
on his work. group practice (by a juridical entity like a partnership
- The computation is made by adding all or a corporation).
costs of technical services (man hours x 2. Foreign architects who wish to render regular
rate) and then multiplying it by a multiplier design services must first comply with the
to cover overhead and profit. requirements of RA 9266:
- Multiplier ranges from 1.5-2.5 depending ● Temporary/special permit
on the office set-up. ● A work permit from DOLE
● Must work with a local counterpart who is
an RLA
3. BPO and KPO firms cannot render architectural
services for projects located on Philippine soil
unless they are PRC-registered architectural firms.

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Scope of Pre-design Services ● Should conduct more extensive inspection
1. Project Definition Phase or full-time (8-hour) construction
This phase involves the definition of the supervision.
requirements of the project by the Owner. The
architect: Manner of Providing Services
● Consults with the Owner. There are two ways by which the Architect may enter into
● Gathers relevant information and data. contract with the Owner as the Lead Professional working
● Reviews and refines the owner’s space with other professionals in the engineering and allied
requirements. professions:
● Prepares an initial statement of probable 1. With a single contract between the Architect and
construction cost. Owner, and sub-consultancy contracts between the
2. Schematic Design Phase Architect and the other professionals working with
This phase consists of the preparation of schematic the Architect.
design studies derived from the Project Definition 2. With the Architect and the engineering and allied
Phase, leading to conceptual plans. The architect: professionals executing separate contracts with the
● Evaluates the Owner’s programs. Owner.
● Prepares the initial line drawings.
● Submits to the Owner a Statement of the Project Classification
Probable Project Construction Cost Based on these groupings, the corresponding scale of
(SPPCC) based on current cost charges shall be prescribed in the Architect’ s Guidelines to
parameters. determine the fair remuneration to the Architect.
3. Design Development Phase
Based on approved schematics and conceptual
plans, the Architect prepares: Group 1: ● Armories
Simple utilization ● Bakeries
● The Design Development documents
● Hangars
consisting of plans, elevations, sections ● Public Markets
and other drawings ● Warehouses
● Outline specifications
● Diagrammatic layout of construction Group 2: ● Art Galleries
systems Moderate complexity ● Call Centers
● An updated SPPCC for submission to the of plan/design ● Schools
● Libraries
Owner
● Fire Station
4. Contract Document Phase
Based on the approved Design Development Group 3: ● Aquariums
Documents, the Architect: Exceptional character ● Gymnasiums
● Prepares the complete Contract and complexity of ● Hotels
Documents. plan/design ● Auditoriums
● Prepares Technical Specifications. ● Hospitals & Medical
● Submits to the Owner seven (7) sets of all Buildings
construction drawings.
Group 4 ● Residences
● Updates the SPPCC based on changes in (single-detached or
scope. duplex; row-houses or
● Secures approval of the government. shop-houses)
5. Bidding or Negotiation Phase ● Small Apartment
In this phase, the Architect: Houses
● Prepares the Bid Documents. ● Townhouses
● Assists the Owner from the early stage of
Group 5: ● Exposition & Fair
establishing a list of prospective Monumental Buildings
Contractors to awarding of the construction buildings and other ● Mausoleums,
contract. buildings Memorials, &
● Helps in organizing, responds to questions Monuments
from bidders, and assists the Owner in
obtaining proposals from Contractors. Group 6 ● Projects where the
6. Construction Phase plan/design and
related Contract
In this phase, the Architect performs the following: Documents are
● Makes decisions on all claims of the re-used
Owner and Contractors.
● Prepares change orders, gathers and turns Group 7 ● Housing Project
over. involving the
● Makes periodic visits to the project site. construction of
● Determines the amount owing. several residential
units on a single site

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 Manner of Providing Services
Group 8 ● Projects involving
extensive detail The Architect may enter into contract with the Owner in two
possible ways:
Group 9 ● Alterations, ● Working in a dual capacity as Architect-of-record
renovations, and as Consulting Architect for AI services.
rehabilitations, retrofit ● Working as Consulting Architect for AI services
and only.
expansion/additions to Method of Compensation
existing buildings
● If the Client hires Specialist Consultants separately,
belonging to Groups 1
to 5 their professional fee will be the responsibility of the
Client.
Group 10 ● The Architect is ● The Architect's fee for projects involving extensive
engaged to render AI components will be a percentage of the cost of
opinion or give advice, the AI work, excluding the fee of any Engineering
clarifications or and/or Specialist Consultants.
explanation on
● The payment for the Architect's services for this
technical matters
pertaining to specialized service will be outlined in the Architect's
architectural works Guidelines.

Acoustic Design Services

STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE (SPP)
DOCUMENT 203 ON SPECIALIZED Acoustic design services involve detailed planning and
ARCHITECTURAL SERVICES design to control sound transmission in order to align with
the architectural design concept, allowing for greater
Applicability of Document flexibility in creating interior environments that meet the
specific acoustical needs of different activities within a space.
● Time and technology have advanced to the point
where specialized architectural services are
Scope of Pre-design Services
necessary to complete projects. Architecture is not
● The Architect is responsible for planning, designing,
only defined legally, but also as the combination of
and coordinating all aspects of the building or
aesthetics, function, space, materials, and
structure and its utilities.
environment through the application of various skills
● As a specialist in acoustic design, the Architect
and technologies.
prepares drawings and specifications for sound
● Specialized architectural services encompass
control, insulation, and other acoustic treatments.
expertise in enhancing both the interior and exterior
● The Architect also assists the Owner/Client in
components of a project, with the architect's
bidding out the work, checking and approving
responsibility being to ensure that the building and
materials and equipment, conducting final
its surroundings adhere to national and international
inspections, and evaluating payments to
standards for public health, safety, and welfare.
subcontractors
Manner of Providing Services
Architectural Interior (AI) Services
The Architect may enter into contract with the Owner in two
Architectural Interiors (AI) refers to the planning and design possible ways:
of indoor areas in buildings, including renovation and ● Working in a dual capacity as Architect-of-record
expansion work. Architects providing AI services must have and as Consulting Architect for acoustic design
sufficient experience in designing and detailing AI elements, services.
depending on the complexity of the project. ● Working as Consulting Architect for acoustic design
services only.
Scope of Pre-design Services Method of Compensation
● The Architect develops a design concept for a ● The Architect’ s Fee for acoustic design services
building and determines the size and layout of shall depend on the complexity of the works to be
interior spaces. undertaken.
● The Architect plans and designs the architectural ● Should the Owner/Client hire separately the
interiors to provide comfort to the end-users. services of other Specialist Consultants (SCs), their
● The Architect prescribes space plans, stacking fee shall be for the account of the Owner/ Client and
diagrams, and computes areas for different shall be paid directly to the SC.
activities in the building project. ● For this Specialized Service, the payment of the
● The Architect lays out and specifies furniture, Architect’s services shall be as stated in the
equipment, and finishes for the project. Architect’s Guidelines.
● The Architect assists the client in conducting bids
and negotiations with contractors and suppliers, and
approves samples and shop drawings of interior
components.

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Architectural Lighting Layout and Design Services Manner of Providing Services
Architectural Lighting Layout and Design Services involve The Architect may enter into contract with the Owner in two
detailed planning and design to control light transmission, possible ways:
timing, and control in a way that complements the ● Working in a dual capacity as Architect-of-record
architectural design concept, allowing for greater flexibility in and as Consulting Architect for site development
creating environments that meet the lighting needs of planning services.
different activities inside and outside a building. ● Working as Consulting Architect for site
development planning services only.
Scope of Pre-design Services Method of Compensation
● The Architect is responsible for planning, designing, ● The architect's fee for site development planning
and coordinating the construction project, including services will be determined based on the estimated
all design professionals involved cost of civil works and landscaping works.
● As a specialist in lighting layout and design, the ● If the owner/client hires a separate landscape
Architect prepares drawings and specifications for architect, their fee will be the responsibility of the
lighting design, energy efficiency, and fixture owner/client and paid directly to the specialist
placement. consultant.
● The Architect also assists the Owner/Client in ● If the architect is also certified and licensed as a
bidding out the work, approves materials and landscape architect, their fee will increase
fixtures, conducts final inspections, and helps accordingly.
evaluate payments to subcontractors.
Manner of Providing Services Site and Physical Planning Services
The Architect may enter into contract with the Owner in two - Includes master development planning, subdivision
possible ways: planning, and urban design.
● Working in a dual capacity as Architect-of-record - Architects play a crucial role in physical planning,
and as Consulting Architect for architectural lighting which involves organizing the layout of structures
and layout design services. and developments on a piece of land.
● Working as Consulting Architect for architectural - They consider not only the building itself, but also
lighting and layout design services only. its surroundings and the impact on the neighboring
Method of Compensation areas.
● The fee for lighting layout and design services - The architect is responsible for translating ideas into
provided by the architect will be based on the physical plans and coordinating the efforts of a
complexity of the project. multidisciplinary team.
● "Cost of the Work" refers to the total expense of - They may also hire additional specialists as
fixtures and accessories designed, specified, or needed. The architect's services include site
procured by the Specialist Architect and their planning, preparing development plans, and
Consultants, and used in the project. creating finalized plans and specifications for
● For this Specialized Service, the payment of the approval.
Architect’s services shall be as stated in the - The architect can provide these services either as
Architect’s Guidelines. the architect-of-record or as a consulting architect,
and the compensation will be determined according
Site Development Planning (SDP) Services to the Architect's Guidelines.
The architect must coordinate the space planning, layout,
and utilization of a building and its surroundings to ensure Comprehensive Development Planning Services
harmony with the natural and built environment. For small - CDP services extend physical planning to include
projects, the architect can handle the landscaping, but for other necessary activities. The services cover
larger projects, regulated professionals must be hired. primary data gathering, formulation of a Master
Development Plan (MDP), and preparation of an
Scope of Pre-design Services environmental impact assessment/statement
● The Architect designs not only the building itself but (EIA/S).
also the surrounding environment to create a - The Architect, if qualified and experienced, can lead
specific mood and accommodate necessary the multi-disciplinary team in offering CDP services.
activities. - The scope of services includes physical, economic,
● The Specialist Architect is responsible for socio-cultural, transport, and legal/administrative
conceptualizing the entire site development plan, components. Specialist Consultants may be
including civil works and soft scape and hardscape required for detailed studies.
requirements. - The Architect can provide CDP services in dual
● The Specialist Architect also assists the capacity or solely as a Consulting Architect.
Owner/Client in bidding out the work or negotiating Compensation is based on man-months.
with contractors for landscape, waterscape, and
rock formation, especially in the absence of a Site
Coordinator (SC).

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Other Architectural Services
● Security Evaluation and Planning ● Architectural Research Methods
- The Consulting Architect evaluates and - Consulting Architect needs expertise in
determines the value and safety of research, history, materials, design, and
structures and facilities. more.
● Structural Conceptualization ● Management of Architectural Practices
- Architect designs, selects, and develops - Architects require expertise in office
structural elements for buildings. operations, management, finance,
● Preliminary Services marketing, and outsourcing.
- Consulting Architect requires expertise
beyond basic architectural services (SPP
Document 201).
● Historic and Heritage Conservation and
Planning
- Consulting Architect specializes in
historical heritage research, assessment,
recording, management, interpretation,
and conservation.
● Forensic Architecture
- Architect studies building well-being,
identifies deterioration causes, and
provides recommendations.
● Facilities Maintenance Support
- Consulting Architect ensures proper
function and maintenance of
building/structure and site.
● Building Environment Certification
- A credit-based, flexible, consensus-based
rating system for sustainable buildings.
● Building Systems Design
- Architects use efficient methods to
produce cost-effective building
components.
● Building Components
- Consulting Architect requires expertise in
building materials, construction
methodologies, and architectural fixtures.
● Building Testing and Commissioning
- Architect recommends a systematic
process to ensure building systems
perform effectively.
● Building Appraisal
- Estimating value of building condition,
defects, repair, maintenance,
improvements.
● Contract Documentation and Review Services
- Architects need expertise in specification
writing, estimation, quantity survey,
architectural production, software, support
services, and contract document review.
● Post-design Services and Construction Services
- Consulting Architect requires advanced
knowledge of construction and fire safety.
● Special Building/Facility Planning and Design
- Architects need comprehensive knowledge
for housing, tourism, healthcare,
transportation, and more.
● Dispute Avoidance and Resolution
- Architects in Architecture Decision
Records must have extensive knowledge
and accreditation.

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