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RPH Written Report

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9 views

RPH Written Report

Uploaded by

bellezajillianm26
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Declaration of Philippine Independence (Proclamation)

And
Political Caricatures in the American Era (Editorial
Cartoon)

Written Report
Readings In Philippine History
(9am – 12pm)

Presented by:
Belleza, Jillian
Reyes, Helen Joy
Volcan, Charmen
Topic

• Declaration of Philippine

Independence (Proclamation)

• Political Caricatures in the American

Era (Editorial Cartoon)

Declaration of Philippine Independence (Proclamation)

The Declaration of Philippine Independence is a crucial event in the history of


the Philippines, marking the nation's assertion of sovereignty from Spanish
colonial rule. Here’s everything you need to know:

1. Historical BackgroundSpanish Colonization: The Philippines was under


Spanish colonial rule for more than 300 years, beginning with the arrival of
Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 and the establishment of Manila as the capital in
1571.

• Revolutionary Movements: Resistance against Spanish rule gradually grew,


leading to the formation of revolutionary groups such as the Katipunan
(founded in 1892 by Andrés Bonifacio), which aimed to gain independence
through armed struggle.

2. The Philippine Revolution -Outbreak of the Revolution: The Philippine


Revolution officially began on August 23, 1896, with the "Cry of PugadLawin,"
led by Andrés Bonifacio. The revolution spread across the country, with varying
degrees of success.

3. The Role of the United States -Spanish-American War: The conflict


between Spain and the United States in 1898, known as the Spanish-American
War, played a significant role in the Philippines' fight for independence. The
U.S. defeated Spain and occupied Manila in August 1898.

• Treaty of Paris: On December 10, 1898, the Treaty of Paris was signed,
ending the Spanish-American War. Spain ceded the Philippines to the U.S. for
$20 million, leading to a new phase of struggle for the Filipinos, this time
against American colonial rule
4.Proclamation of Independence- Date and Location: The Philippine
Declaration of Independence was proclaimed on June 12, 1898, in Kawit,
Cavite, at the residence of General Emilio Aguinaldo.

• Ceremony: The declaration was read by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, who


also authored it. The event was accompanied by the unfurling of the Philippine
flag (designed by Aguinaldo) and the playing of the Philippine national anthem,
Lupang Hinirang (composed by Julián Felipe).

• Content: The declaration announced the independence of the Filipino people


from Spanish rule. It highlighted the injustices and abuses of the Spanish
government and declared the establishment of the First Philippine Republic.

5. Key Figures

–Emilio Aguinaldo: The main leader of the revolution and the first President of
the Philippines.

Andrés Bonifacio: Founder of the Katipunan and one of the most prominent
figures in the early phase of the revolution.

Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista: Author and reader of the Declaration of


Independence.

Julián Felipe :Composer of the Philippine national anthem

You sent

7. Significance

- National Identity: The Declaration of Independence on June 12 is a


cornerstone of Filipino national identity and pride. It symbolizes the Filipino
people's struggle for freedom and sovereignty.

National Holiday: June 12 is celebrated annually as Independence Day in the


Philippines, a national holiday commemorating the country's independence
from Spanish rule.

8. Legacy - Historical Debate: There is some debate among historians regarding


the significance of June 12, 1898, versus July 4, 1946 (when the Philippines
gained independence from the U.S.). However, June 12 remains the more
symbolic date of independence for many Filipinos.
• Cultural Impact: The events leading up to and following the declaration have
been a subject of numerous literary works, films, and other cultural expressions,
underscoring their importance in the nation’s history.

Political Caricatures in the American Era (Editorial Cartoon)

Political cartoons and caricatures are a recent art form that exaggerates human
features and pokes fun at subjects, becoming a part of print media for social and
political commentary. Historians examine these art forms for their unique way
of representing opinion and capturing audience imagination.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR


Alfred Mccoy
Birth: 8 June1945, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
Citizenship: Unites States of America
Dr. Alfred W. McCoy is a professor of the Southeast Asian History at the
University of Winson at Madison where he also serves as director of the Center
of the SE Asian Studies. He's spent the past quarter century writing about the
politics and history of the opium trade.

McCoy has spent the past thirty years writing about Southeast Asian history and
politics. His publications includes The Philippine Cartoons (1985), Anarchy of
Families (1994), The Closer Than Brothers: Manhood at the Philippine military
(2000) and Lives at the Margin (2001).

Political Caricatures

Produced: 1989
Philippine political cartoons during the American Era depicted
national attitudes and changing times, capturing challenges, scandals,
and influence brought by the Americans. The book "Philippine
Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era 1990- 1940"
highlights these historical events.
Political Caricatures
First Caricature

"Ang mapapalad, ang taong-bayan - kaya pala hindi matapos tapos


ang sinasabing paghihirap ng munisipyo ay may alaga siyang mga
matabain, kung ganito nga eh, hindi sa matapos ang paglilitis ko!"
Second Caricature
Third Caricature

This Third cartoon depicts a cinema. A blown up police officer was at


the screen saying that couples are not allowed to neck and make love
in the theatre. Two youngsters horrified while an older couple seemed
amused.
RELEVANCE OF THE DOCUMENT FOR HISTORY
 NATIONALISM
 PATRIOTISM
 EYE-OPENER
 DISCOVER OUR ROOTS

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