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Chapter 1: Introduction to Transformers

 What is a Transformer?
The transformer model revolutionized natural language processing, enabling state-of-the-
art results across NLP tasks. Unlike RNNs or LSTMs, transformers use self-attention
mechanisms to process data in parallel.
 Historical Evolution
The authors provide an overview of NLP from rule-based systems to statistical methods,
deep learning, and eventually transformers (introduced in the 2017 paper "Attention is All
You Need").
 Why Transformers Work
o Parallelization: Ability to process sequences simultaneously instead of
sequentially.
o Attention Mechanism: Focuses on relevant parts of input sentences.
o Scalability: They enable models like GPT-3 with billions of parameters.
 Real-world Applications:
o Machine Translation (Google Translate)
o Chatbots and Virtual Assistants
o Text Summarization
o Sentiment Analysis

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