Name: ……………………………………………………. Admission Number: …………..

School: …………………………………………………… Class: …………………………….

Student’s signature: …………………………………. Date: ……………………………

Instructions to candidates
C ESS PA
U C
number in the spacesT
S class, sign and write the date in the spaces provided
(a) Write your name and admission provided above.
(b) Write the name of your school, H
above.
E

MO
TH

(c) Answer all the questions in this paper.

(d) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided in the question paper.
CK EX
(e) This paper consists of 9 printed pages.
(f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are
printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
IL

(g) Candidates must answer the questions in English.

C

A
N

M
IN U
ATION CO
For Examiner’s Use Only

13 14 15 16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

17 18 19 21 22
20
Grand Total
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1. (a) Draw a simplified diagram of a common Liebig condenser and show the entry
and exit direction of water by use of arrows. (2 marks)

(b) state the function of Liebig’s condenser. (1 mark)

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2. Explain why solid carbon (IV) oxide is preferred in cool boxes than ordinary ice.
(2 marks)
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3. A student was supplied with a colourless liquid suspected to be water.
(a) Describe one chemical test that could have been used to show that the liquid
was water. (2 marks)
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(b) Describe a physical test that could have been used to show that the liquid was
water. (1 mark)
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4. The apparatus below is used in chemistry laboratory.

(a) Name the apparatus. (1 mark)

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(b) Explain how the shape of the apparatus makes it suitable for its function.
(1 mark)
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(c) Give one reason why the above apparatus is made of glass. (1 mark)
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5. Classify the following process as either physical or chemical change. (3 marks)
No Process Type of change.
(a) Heating lead (II) nitrate
(b) Heating of iodine
(c) Heating of zinc (II) oxide
6. Sample A, B and C were tested for presence of an illegal drug D by use of the paper
chromatography technique. The diagram below shows the chromatograms of the
samples and the illegal drug.

(a) Which of the samples tested positive for the illegal drug? Explain. (2 marks)
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(b) What is meant by the term solvent front? (1 mark)
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(c) Give a reason as to why it is possible to separate chromatograms. (1 mark)
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(d) Give two industrial applications of chromatography. (2 marks)
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7. Complete the table below. (3 marks)
Element Latin name Symbol
Copper Cu
Tin Stannium
Hydrargyrum Hg
8. State two laboratory rules that apply when handling glass apparatus. (2 marks)
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9. A mixture of sodium chloride and iodine was heated strongly in a beaker covered
with a cold surface as shown below.

State the observations made. (3 marks)

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10. (a) Define the term saturated solution. (1 mark)
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(b) Give two industrial applications of crystallisation. (2 marks)
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11. State two general characteristics of bases. (2 marks)
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12. Give three differences between a compound and a mixture. (3 marks)
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13. Name the best method that can be used to separate the following mixtures.
(3 marks)
No Mixture Method
(a) Paraffin and water
(b) Constituents of green leaves
extract
(c) Water and ethanol
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14. Classify the following elements into compounds, elements or mixture.

Salt, ink, oxygen, argon, zinc nitrate, milk. (3 marks)
Element Compound Mixture

15. (a) Define an acid base indicator. (1 mark)

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(b) The table below shows pH of some solutions.
Solution pH
A 1
B 4
C 5
D 3
E 7
F 9
G 12
Select the solution that is likely to be:
(i) Lime water. (½ mark)
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(ii) Sulphuric (VI) acid. (½ mark)
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(iii) Distilled water. (½ mark)
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(iv) Magnesium chloride. (½ mark)
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16. The diagram below shows a Bunsen burner flame.

(a) Which part of the flame is used for heating? Give a reason. (2 marks)
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(b) Describe how this type of flame is produced. (1 mark)

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17. (a) Define the term base. (1 mark)
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(b) Study the diagram below.

Acidic basic
oxide oxide

(i) Identify the shaded region. (1 mark)

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(ii) Identify a substance that is likely to occupy the shaded region. (1 mark)
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18. (a) what is the chemical name for rust. (1 mark)
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(b) What is observed in the boiling tube below after 5 days? Explain. (2 marks)

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(c) State two factors that accelerate rusting. (2 marks)
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(d) A part from painting state other two factors that prevent rusting. (2 marks)
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19. The apparatus below was used by a student to study the effect of heat on hydrated
copper (II) sulphate.

(a) What is the role of ice-cold water? (1 mark)

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(b) Name liquid Y. (1 mark)
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(c) State the observation made in the boiling tube. (1 mark)
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(d) Write the word equation for the reaction taking place in the test-tube. (1 mark)
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(e) What observation could be made if hydrated cobalt (II) chloride was used in place
of copper (II) sulphate? (1 mark)
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20. The figure below shows how sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid react. Study it
and answer the questions that follow.
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(a) State the observations made in test tube A and B. (2 marks)

Test A:
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Test B:
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(b) Write word equation for the reaction in test tube A. (1 mark)
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(c) Explain the observations made when calcium carbonate reacts with dilute
sulphuric acid. (2 marks)
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21. A form 1 student from Apex Boys High School caried out experiment to determine
the percentage of air that support the combustion as shown in the figure and found
that the height of the air column before burning was 16cm and after burning the
height reduced to 12.6cm. study the figure and answer the questions that follow.

(a) Explain why the candle go off after burning for some time. (1 mark)
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(b) Explain why the level of dilute sodium hydroxide solution rises in the gas jar
after candle goes off. (1 mark)
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(c) Determine the percentage used by the burning candle. (2 marks)
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(d) Explain why sodium hydroxide preferably used in the experiment instead of
water. (1 mark)
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22. The following set-up illustrates one of the several techniques for separating
mixtures.

(a) Name the method of separation illustrated by the diagram. (1 mark)

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(b) State the possible nature of mixture M. (1 mark)
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(c) Name the apparatus X. (1 mark)
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(d) State the role of the apparatus named in (c) above. (1 mark)
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(e) Explain why it is advisable not to put the end of the glass tube in the distillate.
(1 mark)
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(f) State two applications of the method illustrated by the diagram. (2 marks)
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