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16. Distance, Speed, Time -F

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16. Distance, Speed, Time -F

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dindayal
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© © All Rights Reserved
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(16) Distance, Speed and Time

(1) Time, distance speed formula:

(I) Distance = Speed x Time (km or m)

(II) Speed = Distance (km/hr OR m/sec)


Time

(III) Time = Distance (hr, min, sec)


Speed

Case-1: Average speed formula:


(I) When different distances/successive distance and different times are given
Average Speed = Total Distance = d1+d2+d3…
Total Time t1+t2+t3…

(II) When (“d1 = d2”) and S1 and S2 are the speeds for covering d1 and d2 respectively.
Average Speed = 2S1S2
(S1+S2)

Average Speed = 3S1S2S3


(S1S2 +S2S3+S3S1)

Case-2: Distance finding formula:


(I) Go/Return(AB & BA)(When total time and only speeds are given)
A person goes a certain distance (A to B) at a speed of s1 km/h and returns back (B to A) at a speed of s2 km/h.
If he takes T hours in all, the distance between A and B is:
Distance between A and B = s1s2 x Total time
(s1+s2)
(II) Late/early: (Place A ---- Place B)
Distance between A and B = s1s2 X (Diff./sum of time)
I s1-S2 I

Note: Diff. of time = (early –early) OR (late-late) OR (late + early) and change minutes into hours

*Usual time/Normal time: Solve by Ratio

Speed increase/decrease-

Conversion of units:-
 Km/hr ------ m/sec  multiply by 5/18  Km/hr ------ m/min  multiply by 50/3

 m/sec ------- Km/hr  multiply by 18/5  m/min ----- km/hr  multiply by 3/50
Trains Formula
Type1: Pole/Pillar/Tree/Flag post/milestone/man:
(I) When a train of lengths l travelling at a speed s crosses a pole/pillar/flag post in time t, then the
equation is given as
(Here, Distance = Length of train)
o Length of train = speed x time m

o Time (sec.) = Distance sec. (Here, Distance = Length of train)


Speed
o Speed = Distance m/sec (Here, Distance = Length of train)
Time
(Note: Speed must be m/s such type of questions and time in seconds and distance in meter)

Type 2: Platform/Bridge/Tunnel:
(I) When a train of length l1 travelling at a speed of S1 crosses a platform/bridge/tunnel/another stationary
train of length l2 in time t, then the equation is given as
[Distance = Length of train (l1) + Length of platform/bridge/tunnel/another stationary train (l2)]

o Distance = Speed x time

*[Length of bridge = Total distance - length of train]

o Time (sec.) = Distance


Speed
o Speed = Distance
Time
Relative speed Concept
Type 1: Cross /overtake each other (Two trains, Both are movable):

(I) (Opposite direction) When two trains of lengths l1 and l2 respectively travelling at the speeds of s1 &
s2 respectively cross each other in time t, then the equation is given as
Time = Total Distance (LT1 + LT2)
Relative speed (S1+S2 )

Speed (S1-S2) = Total Distance (LT1 + LT2)


Time
(II) (Same direction) When a train of length l1 travelling at a speed of S1 overtakes another train of length
l2 travelling at speed S2 in time t, then the equation is given as

Time = Total Distance (LT1 + LT2)


Relative speed (S1-S2)

Speed (S1-S2) = Total Distance (LT1 + LT2)


Time
(I) “How much time cross each other”
If two trains of equal lengths and different speeds take t1 and t2 time to cross a pole, then the time taken by them to
cross each other if the train is moving in opposite direction then time; (When distance are same)
Time = 2t1t2
(t2 + t1)

(II) If two trains of equal lengths and different speeds take t1 and t2 time to cross a pole, then the time taken by
them to cross each other if the train is moving in the same direction = 2t1t2
(t2 - t1)

Type 4: “Ratio of two speeds”


(I) If two persons A and B start at the same time from two points P and Q towards each other and after
crossing they take t1 and t2 hours in reaching Q and P respectively, then the ratio between the speed of
two trains,

(A’s speed) = √t2


(B’s speed) √t1

Type 5: “Meeting point questions”


If two trains leave x and y stations at time t1 and t2 respectively and travel with speed L and M respectively, then
distanced from x, where two trains meet is = (t2 – t1) × (product of speed)
(difference in speed)

Boat and streams

Boat & steam:


Time = Distance
Relative Speed

Relative speed: Downstream speed & Upstream speed are called relative speed.
o Downstream speed = (Speed of boat + Speed of stream) = (u+ v) ( Note: because of same direction)

o Upstream speed = (Speed of boat - Speed of stream) = (u – v) ( Note: because of opposite direction)

If the speed downstream (u+v) is X km/hr & the speed upstream(u-v) is Y km/hr. then,
o Speed of boat (in still water) = (Downstream speed + Upstream speed)
2
o Speed of stream = (Downstream speed - Upstream speed) km/h
2
Note: You can solve by x + y= … and x - y= … OR By Sum and Diff. formula

Terminologies:
 (Stream= current)
 (Rate= speed=velocity)
 Speed of boat / boatman/ swimmer/ Rowing
 Speed of current/ stream/ water
 Running speed of water in river

-:Extras:-

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