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Physics syllabus

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10 views5 pages

Physics syllabus

Uploaded by

alisakhawat2021
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25

Unit I- Electrostatics
26 Periods
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields
Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between twopoint
charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous
charge distribution.

Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines,
electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform
electric field.

Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due
to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and
uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside).

Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance


Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge,
a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy
of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field.

Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor.
Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of
capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor
with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor
(no derivation, formulae only).

Unit II- Current Electricity


18 Periods
Chapter–3: Current Electricity
Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity,
mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm's law, V-I characteristics
(linear and nonlinear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and
conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell,
potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in
parallel, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge.

Unit III- Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism


25 Periods
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment.

Biot - Savart law and its application to the current carrying circular loop.

Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight
solenoid (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic
and electric fields.

Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between


two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced
by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and
its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometerits current sensitivity and
conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.

Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter


Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only),
magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and
perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole
(bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic
field lines.

Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro - magnetic substances with
examples, Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties.

Unit IV- Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents


24 Periods
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law,
Self and mutual induction.

Chapter–7: Alternating Current


Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance
and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits,
power factor, wattless current. AC generator, Transformer.

Unit V- Electromagnetic waves


18 Periods
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves
Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics,
their transverse nature (qualitative idea only).

Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet,


X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.

Unit VI- Optics


30 Periods
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
Ray Optics: Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of
light, total internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical
surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula, magnification, power of
a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism.

Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and


refracting) and their magnifying powers.

Chapter–10: Wave Optics


Wave Optics: Wavefront and Huygens principle, reflection and refraction of plane
waves at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and
refraction using Huygens principle. Interference, Young's double slit experiment
and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression only), coherent
sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit,
width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only).

Unit VII- Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter


08 Periods
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations;
Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. Experimental study of
photoelectric effect Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation.

Unit VIII- Atoms and Nuclei


15 Periods
Chapter–12: Atoms
Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of
hydrogen atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of
electron in his orbit, of hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only).

Chapter–13: Nuclei
Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force Mass-energy relation, mass defect;
binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission,
nuclear fusion.

Unit IX- Electronic Devices


10 Periods
Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits
Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only)
Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction Semiconductor
diode - I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction
diode -diode as a rectifier.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Practical Evaluation Scheme 2024:

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Physics Practical


List of Experiments for Class 12 Physics Practical: Section A
To determine resistivity of two / three wires by plotting a graph for potential
difference versus current.

To find resistance of a given wire / standard resistor using metre bridge.

To verify the laws of combination (series) of resistances using a metre bridge

OR

To verify the laws of combination (parallel) of resistances using a metre brid

To determine resistance of a galvanometer by half-deflection method and to find its


figure of merit.

To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into a
voltmeter of desired range and to verify the same.

OR

To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into an
ammeter of desired range and to verify the same.
To find the frequency of AC mains with a sonometer.

Activities Assigned

The resistance and impedance of an inductor with or without an iron core are
measured.

Using a multimeter, measure resistance, voltage (AC/DC), current (AC), and confirm
the continuity of a given circuit.

To put together a domestic circuit that includes three lamps, three (on/off)
switches, a fuse, and a power supply.

To put together the components of an electrical circuit.

To investigate the change in potential drop with wire length for a constant
current.

To create a schematic of an open circuit that includes at least a battery,


resistor/rheostat, key, ammeter, and voltmeter. Mark the components that are not
properly connected and repair the circuit as well as the circuit diagram.

List of Experiments for Class 12 Physics Practical: Section B

To find the value of v for different values of u in case of a concave mirror and to
find the focal length.

To find the focal length of a convex mirror, using a convex lens.

To find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graphs between u and v or
between 1/u and 1/v.

To find the focal length of a concave lens, using a convex lens.

To determine angle of minimum deviation for a given prism by plotting a graph


between angle of incidence and angle of deviation.

To determine refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.

To find the refractive index of a liquid using convex lens and plane mirror.

To find the refractive index of a liquid using a concave mirror and a plane mirror.

To draw the I-V characteristic curve for a p-n junction diode in forward and
reverse bias.

Activities Assigned

To distinguish a diode, an LED, a resistor, and a capacitor from a group of such


components.

Use a multimeter to observe the unidirectional flow of current in the case of a


diode and an LED, and to determine if a certain electrical component (e.g., diode)
is operational.

To investigate the effect of light intensity (as measured by increasing the


distance from the source) on an LDR.
To investigate the refraction and lateral deviation of a light beam incident
obliquely on a glass slab.

To examine light diffraction caused by a narrow slit.

To study the type and size of the image created by a (i) convex lens and (ii)
concave mirror on a screen using a candle and a screen (at various distances from
the lens/mirror).

Using two lenses from the supplied collection of lenses, create a lens combination
with the required focal length.

You can also find other topics' syllabuses for Classes 1 to 12 on Vedantu Learning
App provides access to interactive Math and Science classes and videos.

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