RN SHETTY TRUST®

RNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Autonomous Institution Affiliated to VTU, Recognized by GOK, Approved by
AICTE, New Delhi
(NAAC ‘A+ Grade’ Accredited, NBA Accredited (UG - CSE, ECE, ISE, EIE and EEE)
Channasandra, Dr. Vishnuvardhan Road, Bengaluru - 560 098
Ph:(080)28611880,28611881 URL: www.rnsit.ac.in

DEPARTMENT OF CSE (Data Science)

DATA ANALYSIS WITH EXCEL LAB MANUAL

(BCS358A)
(As per Visvesvaraya Technological University Course type- PCCL)

Compiled by

DEPARTMENT OF CSE (Data Science)

R N S Institute of Technology
Bengaluru-98

Name:

USN:

[8]
 RN SHETTY TRUST®

RNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Autonomous Institution Affiliated to VTU, recognized by GOK, Approved by
AICTE, New Delhi
(NAAC ‘A+ Grade’ Accredited, NBA Accredited (UG - CSE, ECE, ISE, EIE and EEE)
Channasandra, Dr. Vishnuvardhan Road, Bengaluru - 560 098
Ph:(080)28611880,28611881 URL: www.rnsit.ac.in

DEPARTMENT OF CSE (Data Science)

Vision of the Department

Empowering students to solve complex real-time computing problems

involving high volume multi-dimensional data.

Mission of the Department

 Provide quality education in both theoretical and applied Computer

Science to solve real world problems.
 Conduct research to develop algorithms that solve complex
problems involving multi-dimensional high-volume data through
intelligent inferencing.
 Develop good linkages with industry and research organizations to
expose students to global problems and find optimal solutions.
 Creating confident Graduates who can contribute to the nation
through high levels of commitment following ethical practices and
with integrity.

[9]
Disclaimer

The information contained in this document is the proprietary and exclusive property of
RNS Institute except as otherwise indicated. No part of this document, in whole or in
part, may be reproduced, stored, transmitted, or used for course material development
purposes without the prior written permission of RNS Institute of Technology.

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. The
information in this document is provided for informational purposes only.

Trademark

Edition: 2023- 24

Document Owner
The primary contact for questions regarding this document is:

Author(s): 1. Dr. Mohan H S

2. Ms. Rachitha E
Department: CSE (Data Science)
Contact email ids: [email protected]
[email protected]

[10]
 COURSE OUTCOMES
Course Outcomes: At the end of this course, students are able to:
CO1- Use advanced functions and productivity tools to assist in developing worksheets
CO2- Manipulate data lists using Outline and PivotTables
CO3- Use Consolidation to summaries and report results from multiple worksheets
CO4- Apply Macros and Autofilter to solve the given real-world scenario

COs and POs Mapping of lab Component

COURSE
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4
OUTCOMES

CO1 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3
CO2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3
CO3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3
CO4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3

[11]
 Mapping of ‘Graduate Attributes’ (GAs) and ‘Program Outcomes’ (POs)
Graduate Attributes (GAs)
Program Outcomes (POs)
(As per Washington Accord
(As per NBA New Delhi)
Accreditation)
Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals
Engineering Knowledge and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems

Identify, formulate, review research literature and analyze complex

Problem Analysis engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first
principles of mathematics, natural sciences and engineering sciences.

Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design system

components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate
Design/Development of solutions
considerations for the public health and safety and the cultural, societal and
environmental consideration.

Use research – based knowledge and research methods including design of

Conduct Investigation of complex
experiments, analysis and interpretation of data and synthesis of the
problems
information to provide valid conclusions.

Create, select and apply appropriate techniques, resources and modern

Modern Tool Usage engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.

Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess society,

The engineer and society health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequential
responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.

Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in societal

Environment and sustainability and environmental context and demonstrate the knowledge of and need for
sustainable development.
Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and
Ethics
responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.
Function effectively as an individual and as a member or leader in diverse
Individual and team work
teams and in multidisciplinary settings.

Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the

engineering community and with society at large, such as being able to
Communication
comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make
effective presentations and give and receive clear instructions.

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering and

management principles and apply these to ones won work, as a member
Project management & finance
and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary
environments.
Recognize the need for and have the preparation and ability to engage in
Life Long Learning
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological
change.

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REVISED BLOOMS TAXONOMY (RBT)

[13]
 PROBLEM LIST

Sl. NO. Problem Description Page No.

Creation of spreadsheets, insertion of rows and columns drag and fill, use of
1
aggregate functions
Working with Data: Importing data, Data Entry & Manipulation, Sorting &
2
Filtering.
Working with Data: Data Validation, Pivot Tables & Pivot Charts.
3

4 Data Analysis Process: Conditional Formatting, What-If Analysis, Data Tables,

Charts & Graphs

5 Cleaning Data with Text Functions: use of UPPER and LOWER, TRIM
function, Concatenate.

6 Cleaning Data Containing Date and Time Values: use of DATEVALUE

function, DATEADD and DATEDIF, TIMEVALUE functions.

7 Conditional Formatting: formatting, parsing, and highlighting data in

spreadsheets during data analysis.

8 Working with Multiple Sheets: work with multiple sheets within a workbook is
crucial for organizing and managing data, perform complex calculations and
create comprehensive reports.

9 Create worksheet with following fields: Empno, Ename, Basic Pay (BP),
Travelling Allowance (TA), Dearness Allowance (DA), House Rent Allowance
(HRA), Income Tax (IT), Provident Fund (PF), Net Pay (NP). Use appropriate
formulas to calculate the above scenario. Analyse the data using appropriate
chart and report the data.

10 Create worksheet on Inventory Management: Sheet should contain Product

code, Product name, Product type, MRP, Cost after % of discount, Date of
purchase. Use appropriate formulas to calculate the above scenario. Analyse the
data using appropriate chart and report the data.

11 Create worksheet on Sales analysis of Merchandise Store: data consisting of

Order ID, Customer ID, Gender, age, date of order, month, online platform,
Category of product, size, quantity, amount, shipping city and other details. Use
of formula to segregate different categories and perform a comparative study
using pivot tables and different sort of charts.
Generation of report & presentation using Autofilter &macro.
12

[14]
Question 1:
Creation of spreadsheets, insertion of rows and columns drag and fill, use of aggregate functions
Part A
1: Create a Simple Sequence
1. In an empty cell (let's say, A1), type the number 1.
2. Click on the small square at the bottom-right corner of cell A1 (the fill handle).
3. While holding down the left mouse button, drag the fill handle to the right or
down to fill the adjacent cells with a sequence of numbers.
2: Create a Linear Series using fill handle
1. In an empty cell (e.g., B1), type "2" to start a series.
2. In the next cell (B2), type "4" to define the step increment.
3. Click and drag the fill handle from cell B2 to extend the linear series in
adjacent cells. The fill handle should recognize the pattern and continue the series.

3: Fill Dates
1. In cell C1, enter a date (e.g., "01/01/2023").
2. Use the fill handle to drag down or to the right to create a series of dates. The
application should recognize that you want a date series and increment the dates
accordingly.

4: Generate Formulas
1. In cell D1, enter a simple formula like "=A1*2". This formula doubles the
value in cell A1.
2. Use the fill handle to drag and fill adjacent cells. The formula should adjust
automatically to reference the appropriate cells.

5. Demonstrate the Aggregate functions

Enter Sample Data: In Column A (from A2 to A11), enter the following numbers:
12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39.
Basic Aggregate Functions:

In an empty cell, let's say B1, use basic aggregate functions:

=SUM(A2:A11) to calculate the sum of the numbers.
=AVERAGE(A2:A11) to calculate the average of the numbers.
=MIN(A2:A11) to find the minimum value in the range.
=MAX(A2:A11) to find the maximum value in the range.

[1]
6. Demonstrate Flash fill and Auto Fill
Auto Fill:
1. Enter Data: In Column A (from A2 to A6), enter the following numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
2. Using Auto Fill: In cell B2, type the starting date (e.g., "01-Jan-2023") .Hover over the bottom-right
corner of cell B2 until you see a small square (the fill handle).Click and drag down to fill the cells with a
series of dates. Excel will automatically recognize the pattern and continue the series.

Flash Fill:
1. Enter Data: In Column A (from A2 to A6), enter full names (e.g., "Minaakshi sundara", "Tarini
Kanork").
2. Using Flash Fill: In Column B (starting from B2), manually type the first name for the first entry (e.g.,
"John"). In Column C (starting from C2), manually type the last name for the first entry (e.g., "Doe"). In
Column B2, press Ctrl + E (or go to Data > Flash Fill). Excel will automatically fill in the rest of the first
names.In Column C2, do the same (press Ctrl + E or go to Data > Flash Fill), and Excel will automatically
fill in the last names.

Part B
Create a spreadsheet to record information for 20 students, including their scores in 4 different subjects.
Columns:
- Column A: Student Names (A2 to A21)
- Column B: Subject 1 Scores (B2 to B21)
- Column C: Subject 2 Scores (C2 to C21)
- Column D: Subject 3 Scores (D2 to D21)
- Column E: Subject 4 Scores (E2 to E21)

Task:
Input the names of the students and their corresponding scores for each of the four subjects. Subsequently,
calculate the total score for each student and determine their percentage.
Solution :
1. Enter Data:
- Student names in Column A (from A2 to A21).
- Scores for Subject 1 in Column B (from B2 to B21).
- Scores for Subject 2 in Column C (from C2 to C21).
- Scores for Subject 3 in Column D (from D2 to D21).
- Scores for Subject 4 in Column E (from E2 to E21).

[2]
2. Calculate Total Score Using Absolute References:
- In Column F (starting from F2), use the formula =B2+C2+D2+E2 to calculate the total score for the
first student.
- Drag this formula down for all 20 rows to calculate the total scores for all students.
3. Calculate Percentage Using Relative and Absolute References:
- In Column G (starting from G2), use the formula =SUM() to calculate the total for the first student and
drag to form relative sum. Use absolute reference by fixing row and column prefixing $ for row and
column ex: ($B2: $E2). Drag this formula down for all 20 rows to calculate the percentages for all students.

4. Format Percentage:
- Format the cells in Column G as percentages with two decimal places and use the percent symbol to
make the column type percent.

[3]
Question 2
Working with Data: Importing data, Data Entry & Manipulation, Sorting & Filtering.

Exercise: Managing Sales Data

1. Importing Data:
- Download a sample sales data CSV file from an online source.
- Open Excel and import the CSV file into a new worksheet.

2. Data Entry & Manipulation:

- In Column A, add a new column for "Product Category."
- Manually enter product categories for each item in the dataset.
- In Column E, add a new column for "Total Sales and calculate by using your respective column name
ex: = B2 * C2”. Use a formula to calculate the total sales for each item based on the quantity sold and unit
price. Data Columns can be taken as below.

3. Sorting:
- Sort the data based on the "Product Name" in ascending order.
- Sort the data based on the "Total Sales" in descending order.

4. Filtering:
- Apply a filter to the dataset and filter out rows where the "Quantity Sold" is less than 10.
- Apply another filter to show only the rows where the "Product Category" is "Electronics."

[4]
5. Additional Manipulation:
- In Column F, calculate the commission for each sale (5% of total sales).
- Add a new column, "Profit Margin," and calculate the profit margin for each sale (Profit Margin =
(Profit / Total Sales) * 100).

[5]
Question 3
Analyzing Sales Data with Data Validation, Pivot Tables, and Pivot Charts
Data Columns:
Assume the following columns in your spreadsheet:
- Column A: Product Name
- Column B: Category
- Column C: Sales Date
- Column D: Quantity Sold
- Column E: Unit Price
- Column F: Total Sales

Managing sales data for an online store. Implement the following tasks:
1. Data Validation:
- Set up data validation in Column B ("Category") to create a drop-down list of available product
categories. This ensures that users can only select from predefined categories.

2. Pivot Table:
- Create a pivot table to analyze total sales by category and sales date. Place the "Category" field in the
Rows area, the "Sales Date" field in the Columns area (grouped by months), and the "Total Sales" field in
the Values area.

Steps: Create the Pivot Table:

 Select any cell within your data range.
 Go to the "Insert" tab in Excel.
 Click on "PivotTable."
 Ensure the "Create PivotTable" dialog box points to the correct range and choose where
you want the pivot table (e.g., a new worksheet).
 Click "OK."

Set Up the Pivot Table Fields:

 In the PivotTable Field List: Drag the "Category" field to the Rows area.
 Drag the "Sales Date" field to the Columns area. Group it by months for better
visualization.
 Drag the "Total Sales" field to the Values area. Ensure it's set to summarize as the sum.

[6]
3. Pivot Chart:
- Generate a pivot chart based on the pivot table you created. Choose a chart type that visually represents
the total sales trends over time for each product category.
Steps:
Create the Pivot Chart:
 With your pivot table selected, go to the "Insert" tab.
 Click on "PivotChart."
 Choose the desired chart type (e.g., Line Chart or Column Chart).
 Ensure the chart fields are set up similarly to the pivot table, with "Category" on the x-axis
and "Sales Date" values represented over time.

4. Additional Data Entry:

- Enter new sales data for a few additional products, ensuring that the "Category" field uses the data
validation drop-down list.

[7]
 Question 4
Data Analysis Process: Conditional Formatting, What-If Analysis, Data Tables, Charts & Graphs.
1. What-If Analysis: What-If Analysis involves changing one or more variables to observe the
potential impact on the outcome.
Use Cases: Projecting future values based on different scenarios. Assessing the impact of
changing input parameters. Decision-making in uncertain situations.

Tools:
Goal Seek: Finding the input value needed to achieve a desired result.
Scenario Manager: Creating and managing different scenarios.
Data Tables: Analyzing multiple input and output values.

[8]
 Charts and Graphs: Charts/Graphs are visual representations of data used to make it more understandable.
Commonly used charts are:
• Pie chart
• Column chart
• Line chart
Different charts are used for different types of data. Charts are also called graphs and visualizations.

Creating a Chart in Excel, step by step:

Step 2: Click on the Insert menu, then click on the Line menu and choose Line from the drop-down menu.
This menu is accessed by expanding the ribbon.

Step 3: Select 2-d line chart.

[9]
• Creating Another Chart in Excel with different data.

• Click on the insert menu, then click on the column menu and choose Clustered Column
from the drop-down menu.

• The default chart title is "Chart Title". It can be changed.

[10]
 • Creating a Pie Chart in Excel with the same data.

The data analysis process often involves various techniques and tools to explore, analyze, and visualize
data effectively. Here's an overview of some key components: conditional formatting, what- if analysis,
data tables, charts, and graphs.
Conditional Formatting:
Definition: Conditional formatting is a feature in spreadsheet software (e.g., Microsoft Excel, Google
Sheets) that allows you to format cells based on certain conditions or criteria.

Use Cases:
Highlighting cells that meet specific criteria. Color-coding data for better visualization.
Select the range of cells you want to apply conditional formatting to. Choose the "Conditional
Formatting" option in the menu.
Define the condition and specify the formatting (e.g., color, font style).

EX: 1. Identify Products that are to be exported to FRANCE with gray color
2. Highlight products whose sales is greater than 250 INR

[11]
Question 5
Cleaning Data with Text Functions: use of UPPER and LOWER, TRIM function, Concatenate.

1. UPPER: This function converts all letters in a text string to uppercase.

Syntax: UPPER(text)

Example: =UPPER("hello world") returns "HELLO WORLD"

2. LOWER: This function converts all letters in a text string to lowercase.

Syntax: LOWER(text)

Example: =LOWER("HELLO WORLD") returns "hello world"

3. TRIM: This function removes extra spaces from a text string, leaving only single spaces between
words and no leading or trailing spaces.

Syntax: TRIM(text)

Example: =TRIM(" Hello World ") returns "Hello World"

4. Concatenate: This function joins multiple text strings into one single text string.

Syntax: CONCATENATE(text1, [text2, ...]) or simply text1 & [text2] & ...

Example: =CONCATENATE("Hello", " ", "World") or "Hello" & " " & "World" returns
"Hello World"

These functions are useful for various tasks, such as cleaning up data, formatting text, or constructing
strings dynamically.

[12]
Question 6
Cleaning Data Containing Date and Time Values: use of DATEVALUE function, DATEADD and
DATEDIF, TIMEVALUE functions.

1. DateValue() : The Excel DATEVALUE function converts a date represented as a text string into a
valid Excel date.
For example, the formula =DATEVALUE (3/10/1975) returns a serial number (27463) in the Excel
date system that represents March 10, 1975.

Proper Excel dates are more useful than text dates since they can be directly manipulated with
formulas and pivot tables.
Example: =DATEVALUE(2024-01-16) returns the serial number for January 16, 2024.

2. TimeValue() : The Excel TIMEVALUE function converts a time represented as text into a proper
Excel time.
For example, the formula =TIMEVALUE(9:00 AM) returns 0.375, the numeric representation of 9:00
AM in excel time system. Numeric time values are more useful than text since they can be directly
manipulated with formulas and pivot tables.
Example: =TIMEVALUE(13:30:00) returns the serial number for 1:30 PM.

3. DateAdd() - Edate (): Adds a specified number of time intervals to a date.

Syntax: =EDATE(start_date, months)
Example: =EDATE(2022-01-01, 3) adds 3 months to January 1, 2022.

4. Today() :
- Explanation: Returns the current date.
- Syntax: =TODAY()
- Example: =TODAY() returns the current date.

5. DatedIf() :
The DATEDIF function in Excel calculates the difference between two dates and returns the result in
the specified time units.
Explanation: Calculates the difference between two dates in terms of years, months, or days.
- Syntax: =DATEDIF (start_date, end_date, unit)
Example: =DATEDIF (2022-01-01,2022-03-15, 2) calculates the difference in days. Can also find
difference in months , years.

- Options for unit argument:

- Y: Calculates the difference in complete years.
- M : Calculates the difference in complete months.

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- D: Calculates the difference in days.

Example:
Suppose B3 contains the start date (e.g., 01/01/2020), and H3 contains the end date (e.g.,
01/01/2024).

6. =Today():
- Explanation: Returns the current date.
- Syntax: Date
- Example: Date returns the current date.

7. =YEAR(date) :
- Explanation: Extracts the year from a given date.
- Syntax: =YEAR(date)
- Example: =YEAR(2024-01-16) returns 2024.

8. =MONTH(date) :
- Explanation: Extracts the month from a given date.
- Syntax: =MONTH(date)
- Example: =MONTH(2024-01-16) returns 1 for January.

9. =DAY(date):
- Explanation: Extracts the day of the month from a given date.
- Syntax: =DAY(date)
- Example: =DAY(2024-01-16) returns 16.

[14]
Question 7
Formatting:
It refers to the process of visually enhancing and organizing data within a spreadsheet to improve its
readability, clarity, and presentation.
This includes tasks like applying number formats, adjusting font styles and sizes, aligning text, using
colors, borders, and charts, and overall structuring of the data for better analysis and reporting.
The goal of formatting is to make the data more accessible and understandable to analysts and
decision-makers.

Create a worksheet with the following fields: Year, Month, Sales Amount, Expenses, Profit, Product
Sold, Customer Count, and Region. Apply the formatting techniques below to make the data more
presentable

Number Formatting:
Apply appropriate number formatting to the “Sales Amount”“Expenses” and “Profit” columns. Select
the cells in these columns, right-click, and choose "Format Cells." Format “Sales Amount” and
“Expenses” as currency and “Profit” as a whole number.

Header Formatting:
Format the header row to make it visually distinct. You can bold the text, increase the font size, and
use a different font color to emphasize the headers.

Alignment:
Right-align the “Sales Amount” and “Expenses” and “Profit” columns to enhance readability. Center-
align the “Year” and “Month” column to make it visually appealing.

[15]
Borders:
Add borders to the table to separate it from the rest of the worksheet. Select the table, then click the
"Borders" button and choose "All Borders."
The Formatted table is shown below

This formatted table is now more reader-friendly, organized, and visually appealing for data analysis.
Formatting the data in this way helps users quickly understand and interpret the information, making it
suitable for data analytics with .

Parsing:
Parsing in data analytics involves extracting specific information or elements from a text string, often
for the purpose of data cleaning, transformation, or analysis. Parsing is particularly useful when
working with unstructured or semi-structured data. provides several functions and techniques for
parsing data:

Text Functions:
LEFT, RIGHT AND MID: These functions extract a specified number of characters from the left,
right, or middle of a text string.
FIND and SEARCH: These functions locate a specific character or substring within a text string. You
can use them to find the position of a delimiter.
SUBSTITUTE and REPLACE: These functions replace specific characters or text within a string,
which can be useful for cleaning or transforming data.

Text to Columns:
"Text to Columns" feature allows you to split a single cell containing delimited text into multiple cells.
This is useful for breaking down data such as CSV or tab-delimited text.

[16]
Flash Fill:
Flash Fill is a data manipulation tool that can automatically recognize patterns in your data and parse it
accordingly. It's a helpful feature for tasks like splitting full names into first and last names.

Data Cleaning :
When working with datasets, you often need to clean and parse data to remove extra spaces, special
characters, or unwanted prefixes/suffixes.

Create a table with a column containing full addresses, and you want to parse this information into
separate columns for street, city, state, and ZIP code.

Now our goal is to parse the address data into separate columns for street, city, state, and ZIP code for
above table

Parsing Street address:

In a new column for "Street," you can use the formula to extract the street address:
=LEFT (A2, FIND (",", A2) - 1)
This formula locates the first comma (,) and extracts everything to the left of it.

[17]
Parsing City:
In a new column for "City," you can use the formula to extract the city:
=MID(A2, FIND(",", A2) + 2, FIND(",", A2, FIND(",", A2) + 1) - FIND(",", A2) - 2)
This formula finds the second comma, then extracts the characters between the first and second comma
(removing spaces) to get the city.

Parsing State:
In a new column for "State," you can use the formula to extract the state:
=MID(A2, FIND(",", A2, FIND(",", A2) + 1) + 2, 2)
This formula assumes that the state abbreviation is always two characters in length. It finds the second
comma in the address, moves two characters to the right to start extracting the state, and takes the next
two characters, which should represent the state abbreviation.
This formula should work for most U.S. state abbreviations, as long as they are two characters in
length.

Parsing ZIP Code:

To extract the zip code the following formula is used:
=RIGHT(A2, 5)

[18]
Final output table

Highlighting data in spreadsheets during data analysis:

Step1:Select any column from the table. Here we are going to select a Sales Amount column. After
that go to the home tab on the top of the ribbon and then in the styles group select conditional
formatting and then in the highlight cells rule select Greater than an option.

[19]
Step 2: Then a greater than dialog box appears. Here first write the Sales Amount value and then
select the color

Step 3: As you can see in the table Sales Amount column change the color of the values that are
greater than 8000.

[20]
Question 8 :
Working with Multiple Sheets: work with multiple sheets within a workbook is crucial for organizing
and managing data, perform complex calculations and create comprehensive reports.

Scenario: Construction project management task. You have data related to the project's budget,
resource allocation, and task tracking that needs to be organized, analyzed, and reported on.

Step1: Data Entry

Create a new Excel workbook for the project management.
In the first sheet, label it "Budget," enter project expenses, allocations, and categories
In the second sheet, label it "Tasks," enter a list of project tasks, assigned team members, deadlines,
and statuses.
In the third sheet, label it "Reports," for generating summaries and charts.

1. Budget Sheet : Enter project expenses and allocations

2. Task Sheet: Enter a list of project tasks, assigned team members, deadlines, and statuses

Step 2: Data Validation

In the "Tasks" sheet, set up data validation for the "Status" column to allow only specific values:
Select the "Status" column (e.g. from cell D2 to D6).
Go to the "Data" tab in the Excel ribbon.
Click on "Data Validation."

[21]
In the "Data Validation" dialog box, choose "List" in the "Allow" field.
In the "Source" field, enter the valid status values (e.g., "In Progress," "Not Started," "Completed").
Click "OK."

Step 3: Linking Sheets

In the third sheet, label it "Reports," use formulas to link and summarize data from the "Budget"
and "Tasks" sheets.
To calculate the total project cost in cell B2, you can use the formula:
=SUM(‘Budget’!B2:B5)

To calculate the number of tasks in progress in cell B4, you can use the formula:
=COUNTIF(‘Tasks’!D2:D6, "In Progress")

[22]
Step 4: Charts
In the "Reports" sheet, create charts to visualize project data:
 Forth budget distribution, select the budget categories and allocations and create a pie chart.
 For task timelines, select the task names and deadlines and create a bar chart.
 A chart will be inserted into the selected cell
 The "Chart Tools" menu will appear in the Excel ribbon when the chart is selected.
 Under the "Design" tab in the "Chart Tools" menu, you'll find the "Select Data" option. Click on
it.
 The "Select Data Source" dialog will appear. This dialog allows you to specify the data range for
your chart.
 In the "Select Data Source" dialog, you can see the "Legend Entries (Series)" on the left. Here,
you can add or edit data series (lines or bars on your chart).
 In the "Legend Entries (Series)" section, select the series you want to edit.
 In the "Edit Series" dialog on the right, you can change the series name and specify the data range.
 Click in the "Series values" field, and then go to the sheet (e.g., "Budget" or "Tasks") to select the
data range. You can click and drag to select the cells with the data you want to include in the
chart.
 Click Ok

[23]
[24]
Question 9
Create worksheet with following fields: Empno, Ename, Basic Pay (BP), Travelling Allowance (TA),
Dearness Allowance (DA), House Rent Allowance (HRA), Income Tax (IT), Provident Fund (PF), and
Net Pay (NP). Use appropriate formulas to calculate the above scenario. Analyze the data using
appropriate chart and report the data
Step1: Table created

Step2: Apply formulas

1. Income Tax (IT): You can use a simple formula to calculate income tax. Assuming a tax rate of
10% .
 In the cell for Income Tax of each employee, enter the formula:
“=0.10*(BP+TA+DA+HRA)”
2. Provident Fund(PF): Assuming a PF rate of 8%
 In the cell for Provident Fund of each employee, enter the
formula:
“=0.08*(BP+TA+DA+HRA)”
3. Net Pay (NP):Net Pay is calculated by subtracting Income Tax and
Provident Fund from the total earnings.
 In the cell for Net Pay of each employee, enter the formula:
“=(BP + TA + DA + HRA) - IT – PF”
Step 3: Result

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Step 4: Analyze Data using chart
Highlight the Net Pay (NP) column for all employees.
Go to the "Insert" tab and select "Bar Chart" from the Charts group.
Choose the "Clustered Bar" chart style.

Report Title: Employees Monthly Payroll Analysis

Introduction:
The purpose of this report is to analyze monthly payroll data to gain insights into the financial
components of employee compensation, with a focus on Income Tax, Provident Fund, and Net Pay.
The dataset comprises 10 employees and their respective earnings and deductions.

Summary of Key Metrics:

- Total Income Tax Paid: $77,006
- Total Provident Fund Deductions: $61,604.8
- Total Net Pay Distributed: $631,449.2

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Findings:
1. Employee Ethan received the highest Net Pay, while Employee Sarah had the lowest. This variance
is primarily due to differences in Basic Pay and deductions.
2. Employee Ethan had the highest deductions, whereas Employee Sarah had the lowest.
3. A noticeable trend indicates that higher earners tend to face larger deductions, underscoring the
importance of transparent payroll policies.

Conclusion:
The analysis of payroll data demonstrates significant variations in Net Pay attributed to income levels
and deductions. This underscores the importance of clear communication regarding compensation
components. To enhance payroll processes, regular reviews of tax policies and consistent fund
management are recommended to ensure employee satisfaction and compliance.

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Question 10
Create worksheet on Inventory Management: Sheet should contain Product code, Product name,
Product type, MRP, Cost after % of discount, Date of purchase. Use appropriate formulas to calculate
the above scenario. Analyse the data using appropriate chart and report the data.

Step 1: Create a table

Step2: Apply Formulas

For the "Cost After Discount (%)" column, you can apply the formula to calculate the cost after a
certain percentage of discount. Assuming a 10% discount for each product. In the "Cost After
Discount (%)" column, you can use this formula for each product
“=D2-(D2*0.10)”
Step 3 : Result

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 Step 4: Plot a Chart
Highlight the "Product Type" and "Cost After Discount (%)" columns for all products.
Go to the "Insert" tab and select "Bar Chart" or "Column Chart" from the Charts group.
Customize the chart as needed, adding labels and a title.

Step5: Report the Data

Report Title: Inventory Management Report
Introduction: The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the current inventory
management system.
It aims to analyze key aspects of the inventory, including product details such as Product Code,
Product Name, Product Type, Maximum Retail Price (MRP), and Cost after Discount, and Date of
Purchase.
This analysis will assist in evaluating inventory levels, tracking product data, and ensuring efficient
management of stock. The report also includes a chart for visualizing the product distribution by
type.
The insights gained from this report can aid in making informed decisions regarding inventory
control and procurement strategies.

Summary of Key Metrices

Total Products: 10
Average cost after discount: 81.45 (=AVERAGE (E2:E11))

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Finding:
The inventory exhibits a well-diversified product type distribution, with Electronics and Clothing
being prominent.
The average discounted cost is approximately $[average cost], providing a reference point for
profitability assessment.
Electronics and Clothing are the most popular product types, guiding procurement and marketing
strategies.
Conclusion:
The analysis highlights well-balanced inventory management, with diversified product types and
reasonable average discounted costs. Consistent procurement practices have maintained optimal
stock levels. To further enhance efficiency, ongoing monitoring of product popularity and pricing
strategies is recommended.

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Question 11:
Create worksheet on Sales analysis of Merchandise Store: data consisting of Order ID, Customer ID,
Gender, age, date of order, month, online platform, Category of product, size, quantity, amount,
shipping city and other details. Use of formula to segregate different categories and perform a
comparative study using pivot tables and different sort of charts.

Step2: use the below formula to segregate different Categories

“=SUMIFS([Amount],[Category of product], “Apparel”)”

Step 3: Create a Pivot table for Comparative Analysis

Plotted the pivot table for Category of product and Amount field
In the pivot table list drag the Category of product to the “Rows” area and Amount to the “Values”
area to see the total amount per Category

Step 4: Create a Different types of Charts

Select a cell within your pivot table
Go to insert tab and choose the type of a chart you want(eg: bar chart, pie chart etc)
Customize the chart with titles, labels etc

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1. Bar Chart

2. Pie Chart

3. Column Chart

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Question 12 :
Generation of report & presentation using Autofilter &macro.
Step 1: Prepare a table with Data

Step 2: Apply AutoFilter

Select your data range.
Go to the 'Data' tab in Excel.
Click on 'Filter' or 'Sort & Filter' to enable Autofilter options.
Use Autofilter to filter the data as needed, e.g., filter for a specific category.

Go to the "View" tab in Excel.

Click on "Macros" and choose "Record Macro."
In the "Record Macro" dialog box, provide a name for your macro, e.g., "GenerateReport."
In the "Store macro in" dropdown, select "This Workbook" to save the macro within your workbook.
Click "OK" to start recording.

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Step 4: Create a Report Manually
While the macro is recording, manually copy the filtered data by selecting it and pressing Ctrl + C.
Open a new sheet.
Manually paste the copied data using Ctrl + V.
Format the data, add titles, and structure it as you like to create a report.
Manually create charts to visualize the data.

Step 5: Stop Recording a Macro

Go to the "View" tab in Excel.
Click on "Macros" and choose "Stop Recording."

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For Generating a presentation
Step 6: Create a presentation manually
Open Microsoft PowerPoint
Create a new presentation.
Copy the content from your report (the filtered data, text, and charts).
Create slides for your presentation and paste the content onto the slides.
Format the slides, add titles, and organize the content in a presentation format manually.
Save the presentation

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