Subject: Export/Import DataPump Parameter DIRECTORY - How to Specify a Directory Doc ID: Note:266875.

1 Type: BULLETIN Last Revision Date: 06-JUL-2004 Status: PUBLISHED

HOW TO SPECIFY A DIRECTORY IN ORACLE10G EXPORT/IMPORT DATAPUMP --------------------------------------------------------------

1. SERVER-BASED OR CLIENT-BASED ---------------------------The parameter DIRECTORY specifies the location to which Export DataPump or Import DataPump can write the dump file set, the log file, and the SQL file (Import DataPump only). As export DataPump and import DataPump are server-based, rather than client-based, the output files are accessed relative to server-based directory paths. Data Pump requires you to specify directory paths as directory objects. A directory object maps a name to a directory path on the file system. 2. HOW TO CREATE A DIRECTORY ------------------------To create a directory, you must have the DBA role or you must have been granted the CREATE ANY DIRECTORY privilege. Example (a DBA creates directories on the Windows platform and grants access to user scott): SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> CONNECT system/manager CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY my_dir as 'D:\expdp_out'; CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY my_dir_log as 'D:\expdp_out\log'; GRANT read,write ON DIRECTORY my_dir TO scott; GRANT read,write ON DIRECTORY my_dir_log TO scott;

Example (a normal user with the CREATE ANY DIRECTORY privilege creates directories on the Unix platform - this user automatically has READ and WRITE privilege on that directory): SQL> CONNECT system/manager SQL> GRANT CREATE ANY DIRECTORY TO scott; SQL> CONNECT scott/tiger

SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY my_dir as '/usr/expdp_out'; SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY my_dir_log as '/usr/expdp_out/log'; Note that the CREATE DIRECTORY statement does not actually create the directory for you on disk. If the directory is invalid, a DataPump job will fail with: ORA-39002: ORA-39070: ORA-29283: ORA-06512: ORA-29283: invalid operation Unable to open the log file. invalid file operation at "SYS.UTL_FILE", line 475 invalid file operation

3. HOW TO QUERY THE AVAILABLE DIRECTORIES -------------------------------------To query on which directories you have privilege to read and write: SQL> SELECT FROM WHERE ORDER privilege, directory_name user_tab_privs t, all_directories d t.table_name(+)=d.directory_name BY 2,1;

4. REQUIRED OPERATING SYSTEM PERMISSIONS ------------------------------------Note that READ or WRITE permission to a directory object only means that the Oracle database will read or write that file on your behalf. You are not given direct access to those files outside of the Oracle database unless you have the appropriate operating system privileges. Similarly, the Oracle database requires permission from the operating system to read and write files in the directories. 5. HOW DATAPUMP DETERMINES THE LOCATION FOR THE FILES -------------------------------------------------a. Rule 1: ------If a directory object is specified as part of the file specification, then the location specified by that directory object is used. Example to create the dumpfile in directory MY_DIR (no logfile is written): expdp scott/tiger DUMPFILE=my_dir:exp_scott.dmp NOLOGFILE=Y b. Rule 2: ------If a directory object is not specified for a file, then the directory object named by the DIRECTORY parameter is used. Example to create the dump file in directory MY_DIR and the logfile in MY_DIR_LOG: expdp scott/tiger DIRECTORY=my_dir DUMPFILE=exp_scott.dmp LOGFILE=my_dir_log:exp_scott.log c. Rule 3: ------If a directory object is not specified, and if no directory object was named by the DIRECTORY parameter, then the value of the environment

variable, DATA_PUMP_DIR, is used. This environment variable is defined using operating system commands on the client system where the Data Pump Export and Import utilities are run. The value assigned to this client-based environment variable must be the name of a server-based directory object, which must first be created on the server system. Example to create the dump file in directory MY_DIR and the logfile in MY_DIR_LOG: On the client machine where expdp is started, set the environment variable: C:\> set DATA_PUMP_DIR=MY_DIR C:\> expdp scott/tiger@my_db_alias DUMPFILE=exp_scott.dmp LOGFILE=my_dir_log:exp_scott.log Note that the interpretation of the name of the directory in the environment variable DATA_PUMP_DIR is case sensitive. Specifying an incorrect value for the DATA_PUMP_DIR environment variable (e.g.: set DATA_PUMP_DIR=My_Dir) can give errors, such as: ORA-39002: invalid operation ORA-39070: Unable to open the log file. ORA-39087: directory name My_Dir is invalid 4. Rule 4: ------If none of the previous three conditions yields a directory object and you are a privileged user (i.e. uses who have the EXP_FULL_DATABASE role and IMP_FULL_DATABASE role), then Data Pump attempts to use the value of the default server-based directory object, DATA_PUMP_DIR. It is important to understand that Data Pump does not create the DATA_PUMP_DIR directory object; it merely attempts to use its value when a privileged user has not provided a directory object using any of the mechanisms previously described. This default directory object must first be created by a DBA. Do not confuse this with the client-based environment variable of the same name. Example to create all files in the directory DATA_PUMP_DIR: First unset the environment variable DATA_PUMP_DIR that was set in the previous example: C:\> set DATA_PUMP_DIR= Then create a directory with the name DATA_PUMP_DIR SQL> CONNECT SYSTEM/MANAGER SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY data_pump_dir AS 'D:\expdp_out'; SQL> GRANT read, write ON DIRECTORY data_pump_dir TO scott; C:\> expdp system/manager@my_db_alias DUMPFILE=exp_scott.dmp LOGFILE=exp_scott.log SCHEMAS=scott Note that user SCOTT who isn't a privileged user, cannot use this last condition. Possible errors: ORA-39002: invalid operation ORA-39070: Unable to open the log file.

ORA-39145: directory object parameter must be specified and nonnull Solution for user SCOTT: as described in previous condition, user SCOTT can set the environment variable DATA_PUMP_DIR to MY_DIR: C:\> set DATA_PUMP_DIR=MY_DIR Or in this specific case where user SCOTT also has the read and write privilege on directory DATA_PUMP_DIR: C:\> set DATA_PUMP_DIR=DATA_PUMP_DIR