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Basic Electricity Part 3

Basic electricity

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Suhail Kanmanam
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5 views

Basic Electricity Part 3

Basic electricity

Uploaded by

Suhail Kanmanam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BASIC ELECTRICITY

Kerala PSC Expert

PRASANTH O P
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
● Complete pathway of

the current flow from

the source via the

switch and load and

back to the source.


OPEN CIRCUIT
● Most of the time by the

open switch

● Infinite resistance is

provided.

● No current can flow.


CLOSED CIRCUIT
● A circuit without

interruption

● Providing a continuous

path through which a

current can flow.


SHORT CIRCUIT
● Short circuit will occur when

two terminals of the same

circuit touch each other.

● Zero resistance.

● Large current flow which can

become a hazard.
SERIES CIRCUIT
● Components are connected end-to-end

● There is only a single path for current to flow.


SERIES CIRCUIT
● Voltage is divided across the loads connected

in series.

● If the path is open anywhere in the circuit,

current stops flowing to all components.


PARALLEL CIRCUIT
● Both ends of the components are connected

together.

● There are multiple paths for current to flow.


PARALLEL CIRCUIT

● If a component is removed, then it is possible

for the current to take another path to reach

other components.

● Equal voltage for all the loads.


EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC
CURRENT
● Physical effect
● Heating effect
● Magnetic effect
● Chemical effect
● Ray’s effect
● Gas ionization effect
SHOCK EFFECT
● If the current flow through Human body, it may

give a severe stock or cause even death of the

individuals so one must be careful in dealing

with electrical current during work.


SHOCK EFFECT
● If the current controlled to specific value, this

effect of current can be used to give light

shocks to the brain for the treatment of mental

patients.
HEATING EFFECT
● A current carrying conductor becomes heated

up

● If the conductor has resistance then it

produces good quantity of heat.

● Electric iron, heater, immersion heater, and

incandescent lamb, fuses


HEATING EFFECT
● When an electrical current flows through a
conductor, heat is generated within the
conductor.
● The heating effect is given by the following
equation
H = I²RT
● The time ‘t‘ for which the current flows. The
longer the current flows in a conductor more
heat is generated.
HEATING EFFECT
● The heating elements are made up of materials
which have low conductivity or high
resistance.
● Common materials used for heating element
are tungsten and nichrome
● The filament of an incandescent lamp is made
up of tungsten.
MAGNETIC EFFECT
● A soft iron bar is placed in a coil of wire and a

current is passed through the wire, the iron bar

becomes magnetised.
MAGNETIC EFFECT
● Factors on which magnetic effect of electric

current depends

○ It is directly proportional to the number of

turns in the coil

○ It is directly proportional to the amount of

current
MAGNETIC EFFECT
● Current is withdrawn the bar with retain some

magnetism depending on the materials.

● Electric bell, motors, generators, relays and

Transformers, circuit breakers


MAGNETIC EFFECT
● Current is withdrawn the bar with retain some

magnetism depending on the materials.

● Electric bell, motors, generators, relays and

Transformers, circuit breakers


RAY EFFECT
● Current of high voltage and high frequency is
passed through a vaccum tube, then special
types rays called X rays are produced
● X rays are very useful in the screening of the
human body.
● Other types of rays are produced by electric
current such as cathode rays, ultra violet rays,
laser rays.
GAS IONISATION EFFECT
● When electrons pass through a certain type of
sealed glass shell containing gas, then it emits
light rays.
● This effect is used in high intensity lightening.
● Example : Mercury vapour lamp, Sodium
vapour lamp, Fluorescent lamp, Neon lamp
etc.,
THANK YOU

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