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StudyGuide-Vaccination

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3 views

StudyGuide-Vaccination

Uploaded by

CypCyp77
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BIOL 363: Topic Study Guide – Vaccination

This guide is intended to help you focus on the most important topics, but is not
comprehensive. Some material may be on the test that isn’t directly referred to here.
Likewise, not everything in this study guide will be on the test.

I suggest using this study guide to diagnose the areas that you understand well and the
areas where you need more help, rather than exhaustively going through and answering
every question. If you can quickly and completely answer a set of questions, you probably
don’t need to study that area much. If you cannot, it is something you will probably want to go
over more and ask questions about. For these reasons, it is a good idea to take a first pass
through this study guide without your textbook, notes or slides. Working with another student
is also a good idea. Please let me know if you have questions about anything we have
covered in class so far.

Important terms*

*- Suggestions for using these terms:


1) Try going through the list and writing out as full a description as you can for each term
without using the slides, the textbook or your notes.
2) Check the slides and your notes, supplemented by the textbook, to see if you missed
anything.
3) Make flashcards for all those terms you are unfamiliar with.
4) Connect some or all of the terms from each week with a ‘concept map’. If you had to
use some, but not all of the terms from one week, which ones are the most closely
related to each other?
5) Study with another person; explain things to each other.
6) Write down questions about things you are not sure about. Ask them in class or via
email.

Topic – Vaccination: herd immunity, animal reservoir, inactivated/killed vaccines, live


attenuated vaccines, DNA/Recombinant vaccines, subunit/toxoid/conjugate vaccines,
pathogenicity, immunogenicity

Concepts and Questions

Topic – Vaccination:
▪ ‘Variolation’ is a term describing the earliest form of attempts to deliberately induce
protective immunity against a dangerous pathogen, specifically smallpox. It involved
exposing the recipient to powdered scabs removed from someone who was
recovering from smallpox. Why might this approach have been effective, in causing
only a mild form of the disease while producing protective immunity? Which one of the
four types of vaccine production methods that we learned about does this most closely
represent?
▪ How does ‘variolation’ differ from ‘vaccination’, the exposure of the recipient to cowpox
in order to protect against smallpox?

▪ Why do some vaccines require multiple doses over a short period of time, during the
initial vaccination process? Why do some vaccines require booster shots years after
the initial vaccination?

▪ Two different, effective polio vaccines were produced and widely administered during
the 1950s. What were the differences between the two? What pros and cons did each
one have?

▪ Make a table with each of the four major methods of modern vaccine production on it,
and for each one list:
o The fundamental way it reduces pathogenicity, while retaining
immunogenicity
o What the potential problems of each one are

▪ For a variety of reasons, some pathogens are resistant to vaccination. What are some
major factors that make a pathogen difficult to produce a vaccine against?

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