2.

VOCABULARY 1 PRONUNCIATION
Listen to each word. Record each word. Then listen and practice your
pronunciation.

1.dependency

2.diversity

3.engagement

4.fulfilled

5.generic

6.idle

7.intimate

8.manual

9.necessarily

10.philosophical

11.subtle

12.uniformity

3. VOCABULARY 1 PRACTICE
Complete the text with the correct words from the word bank. You do not need
to use all the words.
 diversity manual idle dependency necessarily generic

engagement fulfilled philosophical subtle intimate

Progress in itself isn't ___________ a bad or a good thing. Think about, for instance, our
___________ with others through social media. On one hand, social media can create
___________ connections with friends and family who are far away. On the other hand,
social media can be used to spread false information in some very ___________ ways.
Medical advances provide another example. Gene editing promises to improve the health
of people, animals, and plants. However, it also decreases ___________ .
Finally, more automation in industries means that difficult, dangerous ___________
labor is disappearing. But will those workers become ___________ , or will they easily find
other jobs? These are more than ___________ issues to think about. Progress is happening
now and we need to be prepared for what is coming.

4. LISTENING COMPREHENSION Progress or Peril?

Listen to the podcast. Then read each statement and mark it as True or False.

1. Steve's podcasts focus on the consequences of medical progress.

o True
o False

2. The author of the book doesn't believe that all medical advancements
are bad.

o True
o False

3. In the past, when progress improved people's health, the economy also
improved.

o True
o False

4. Now, improvements in medical technology are decreasing the poverty

everywhere in the world.

o True
o False

5. When more people avoid or survive infectious diseases, there might be

fewer resources for everyone.

o True
o False
 6. The unemployment rate is expected to rise in the future.

o True
o False

7. Because cities are becoming less crowded now, there are fewer
infectious diseases.

o True
o False

8. We can expect more people to develop age-related diseases in the

future.

o True
o False

5. LISTENING SKILL Listening for causes and effects

Listen to the podcast again. Choose the correct word or phrase to complete the
sentences about causes and effects.

1. Therefore / By / Due to medical advancements, people have lived longer and

more fulfilled lives.
2. Historically, economic conditions became better therefore / so / as a result of
improved health conditions.
3. Researchers say that the massive economic growth in the US between 1890 and
1950 was because of / therefore / as a result of the decline of infectious diseases
in that period.
4. Some places have more limited resources. Therefore / By / Since , if people
there are living longer, there will be fewer resources for each person.
5. So / Since / The result is there are fewer resources, many people migrate to
more developed areas.

6. NOTE-TAKING SKILL Taking notes on causes and

effects
Move the causes and effects of wildfires into the correct category.
 lightning accidental (campfires, cigarettes)

destruction of homes, businesses, and belongings arson (on purpose and illegal)

spontaneous heating injury and death to humans and animals

loss of animal habitat air pollution caused by smoke

Some causes of wildfires Some effects of wildfires

7. VOCABULARY 2 PRONUNCIATION
Listen to each word. Record each word. Then listen and practice your
pronunciation.

1.abstract

2.cater to

3.dive into

4.entirely

5.gut

6.harm

7.loosely
 8.notion

9.outcome

10.prospective

11.theoretically

8. VOCABULARY 2 PRACTICE
Match each word with the correct definition. You do not need to use all the
words.

gut prospective harm outcome loosely entirely

dive into notion cater to abstract

1. based on general ideas, not on a particular person or thing

2. to start doing something fully, with a lot of energy
3. in every way possible; completely
4. the final result
5. an idea, belief, or understanding
6. damage or injury caused by a person or event
7. your natural feelings about something; instinct
8. expected to do or become something

9. CRITICAL THINKING VIDEO Making appraisals

Watch the critical thinking video. Then answer the questions.

1. Appraise means _____.

o to give something a reasonable and quantifiable value based

on your evaluation
o to evaluate two or more sources of information and decide
which one is best
2. After you appraise a set of objects, you are better able to _____.

o rank them into an order of best to worst

o restate information about them in a different way
o categorize them in groups

3. Appraising builds upon the critical thinking skill of _____.

o evaluating information
o combining information
o comparing information

4. Making accurate appraisals helps us _____.

o make better decisions

o understand others' opinions

5. According to the video, the first step in appraising something is

_____.

o evaluating its strengths and weaknessess

o deciding on its value or worth

6. Imagine you need a plumber to fix a broken water faucet in your

home. What is the first thing you should do?

o Find a few different plumbers to choose from.

o Give a value to each plumber in the group.
o Evaluate the plumbers based on customer reviews.
o Choose the plumber that is the best for your needs.

7. Imagine you are a college student with a limited budget. Which

characteristic is most useful for appraising a used computer you want
to buy?
Characteristic A: price
Characteristic B: performance
Characteristic C: age

o Characteristic B
o Characteristic A
o Characteristic C

8. Imagine you want to sell your old car in order to buy a new one.
Which two characteristics are most useful for appraising the value of
the old car?
Characteristic A: how old the car is
Characteristic B: how much you like the car
Characteristic C: how many miles the car has
 Characteristic D: your memories of the car

o Characterisitcs A and B
o Characteristics B and C
o Characteristics B and D
o Characteristics A and C

10. VOCABULARY SKILL Idioms

Complete each sentence with the correct idiom.

fell victim to at leisure on the other hand rusty

cause for concern on the line keep in mind

1. Technological progress is great; _________ , it can create some problems.
2. My garden _________ the drought this summer.
3. One low test score is not _________ . If you fail more tests, then we'll worry.
4. You need to _________ that she is only 10 years old and won't be able to solve the
problem on her own.
5. I haven't been skiing in years. I'm pretty _________ .
6. We scheduled two hours for lunch so we could chat _________ .
7. My job is _________ if I don't make my monthly sales quota.

11. GRAMMAR Real conditionals

Choose the idea that is expressed by each real conditional sentence.

1. If you leave a message, I'll call you back tomorrow.

o promise
o warning
o advice

2. Remember to look both ways when you drive through an intersection.

o advice
o promise
o prediction

3. When I'm bored, I usually watch TV.

 o instruction
o habit
o prediction

4. Put the pan in the oven when the light turns on.

o prediction
o warning
o instruction

5. If you don't start exercising, your health will quickly get worse.

o promise
o warning
o habit

6. If your back doesn't feel better by tomorrow, consider calling your doctor.

o prediction
o habit
o advice

7. James will be a champion if he continues to work hard.

o habit
o promise
o prediction

8. If you bring the DVD, I'll bring my laptop.

o warning
o deal
o instruction

12. GRAMMAR EXPANSION Review of real and unreal

conditionals
Read about real and unreal conditionals. Then move each sentence into the
correct category.
Review of real and unreal conditionals

Real conditional
Real conditional sentences show an expected or possible cause and effect. They often use simple
present in the conditional clause, and future (with will or be going to) in the main clause (result
clause).
 If I finish my assignment, I'm going to watch a movie.
If Marc studies more, his grades will improve.

The real conditional can also be used to express a general truth or habit. In this case, the simple
present is used in the main clause.

When I work out, I feel more energetic.

Present unreal conditional

Unreal conditional sentences show an imaginary cause and effect. The present unreal conditional
shows a situation that is not true at the present time and the imaginary result of that situation. It
usually uses simple past in the conditional clause (if clause), and would or could + the verb in the
main clause (result clause).

If I won a million dollars, I would give a lot to charity. (I didn't win a million dollars.)
If I had a car, I could get to school on time. (I don't have a car.)

Note: in present unreal conditional sentences, the past tense does NOT refer to an event in the past.
Rather, it refers to a situation that is not real.

Past unreal conditional

The past unreal conditional shows a situation that did not happen in the past and the imaginary result
of that situation. It uses the past perfect in the conditional clause (if clause), and would have, could
have, or might have + the past participle of the verb in the main clause (result clause).

If I had answered the phone, I would have talked to you. (I didn't answer the phone.)
If Carla had finished her paper, she might have passed the class. (Carla didn't finish her paper.)

When you interview, remember to be yourself.

If I had more money, I would get a bigger apartment.
I like to wander the streets when I go to a new city.
If we took more vacations, we could enjoy life more.
If Steve had been there, he might have found you.
If I'd known you were coming, I would have cooked.
If I spoke Chinese, I could apply for that job.
If I go to bed early, I will feel better.
If we had arrived earlier, we could have seen the game.

Present real conditional Present unreal conditional Past unreal conditional

13. PRONUNCIATION Thought groups

Listen to the sentences. Pay attention to the pauses between thought groups.
Record and listen to yourself.

1.Where do you live? Here or somewhere else?

2.I'm from New York, but I moved here sometime ago, in 2008.

3.My parents, on the other hand, stayed in New York.

4.She's a great student, and she loves history.

5.Every day after school, she visits the public library just to read for hours.

6.When she finds a book she loves, she can't put it down.

7.On many evenings, her dad has to call her. Then she finally puts the books
down and heads home.

14. SPEAKING SKILL Adding to another speaker's

comments
Match each comment with a comment that builds on it.

You're right. Furthermore, they aren't very powerful.

That's true. Plus she never misses a game.
That's a good point. Furthermore, it's fun!
I agree. Plus there aren't enough tables.
Exactly. Furthermore, we must find new customers.
Right. Plus it may make them hate sports even more.

1. Our school needs a new library. This one

is much too small.
2. These computers are very expensive.
3. Kathy should be our team captain. She
works harder than anyone else.
4. If we want to increase our profits, we need
 to spend less money.
5. Swimming is great because it helps keep
your heart and lungs healthy.
6. Not all children enjoy sports, so we
shouldn't force them to play.

15. ALTERNATE UNIT ASSIGNMENT Give a short talk

Read and listen to the instructions. Then speak for one minute about the topic.
Record and listen to your response.
1.Imagine you are an employee at a technology company that is developing
a new "personal assistant" for the deaf community. This technology will be
able to follow both spoken commands and commands given with sign
language. Your company has asked for your ideas about possible unintended
effects of this technology. Give a short talk about these possible
consequences. Try to use real conditionals in your talk.

17. TRACK YOUR SUCCESS Vocabulary review

Here are some words and phrases you learned in this unit. Are the words and
phrases nouns, verbs, or adjectives? Move each word or phrase into the correct
category.
prospective harm engagement dependency generic

subtle cater to uniformity dive into abstract

manual notion outcome fulfilled intimate

Adjectives and Adjective

Nouns and Noun Phrases Verbs and Verb Phrases
Phrases