DL unit-1
DL unit-1
TE peseams all He Glcubtons and Piny htdds
feokives and fa tans ;
Qutpub loves: -
> the ford des sheough 0. se7e308 “Tears Pat
usitg the hidden lavex, ‘cahich ‘Fnlly ce
$9 ouspul re
= the. Att efcial newal Pehle pat * aed
Com pul- the: Gel thled “Sum ofthe, ineads cond
iptlces 0, bias.
oe Wye i; +b
% Advantages: - _ “a i
* Powollel Pancessing’ capi bility in
© Stoving dala. on the enijre Netwom 9)
® a@fability fo ansk Luidh lncemplele Koowkele
~ Having . Memon chistes bution *
&
a
Having fault tlewance(advantages oF ANN:
we ASSUNOINCE OP Popes NebwNK 3 buchoe
K unyordgntaed belnvpx of dha netuoxk :
® wanes chide a
© DPB aiy Oe Showing rhe (asué to the
Netuovk. he
© the" dutadon of He pebavsh is Lok rots) “3
* “Tyhts oP Anw:- =
© Feed back Ayn
& Feed rownwdd any
Kesnal methods =
@ Herel meted %8 Ihe inadherroen| may oe ae
eed 19" naeehine feasning Roy Analysing: dale,
> the Yeane! meshed uses
hevne! punceie Saye |
fu = The
Wraps date from one Spice toner Sface
2 Tt is Jerenlly Use! 10 Supeyp Veeder
Coheae The Algertiins \CkGSiByBE eo ect estes
she mst imPxtant benef. oP Keane! imethed. ;
qhot it work ith ren-lineadly 3 Foxable ee
and ft cwoyks ih multiple Kerne| Pagehens
= Viney class Rey. can sole Very limileol class of
Problems, 7he Kesnel tyick” 15! employed +0 bmbpec,
ahe JiMeax Classipey.
Tyes_oP Hesne! methods in oviM models:
4. Lines Kexnel: ‘
St ie uged oben tte de. is, “Holy Seforabe
KCHs = %. Me.
2 Polynornfal Kernel:
st is used when re hk is Mok lineagly ”
Sepamble. ‘
KC%, %s) = Oy. +1)
3. Gauss kernel:
Gauss {on Keapel 78an Sample oF a aod
basis Rutiction hesnel. seth Lae
pS is eanlesion Se
CHI, iy) = ex C~ y IIo; - sf)
ue ExPonen Hal Keane:
aimilay de ABF Kernel
Km) = emPC ~ |lx-yilaa)
S$. Laplcian Keane! : -
ae = cape ~ ce
ttyferbolic Kexnel :
apps Used Re Nore lincax clessifcadion
Pxoblems .
Woy) = tanhCaTy +c)
% AMoVO. yadlial basis kexne!} :
TENS @ multiple -Inpuk.Keynel Function athat
cain be uged., Por Feature, & Se lechon. ,
KCmy) =k = tnexpc- Cre) on)-
> 8) Podlial - basis Puncher ew ie | +
Tt Mops the input Ru date. tan
FON TN Py ie
Aimeasiono| Mol spe, i areas
Por CPC Ilae-/"0
cD) wavelet Keyne). as
10) Sfectsal keane),
THis Puniclon % beset ayy
0 Yay)
©” Ben Valves 9 CBep,
haw =24¢ View iesHobe ‘ext method WwosKs:-
A. Onde pac Pr0CSSI09 :-
cheirg the de 8. ETF ee ig
rnigs
3. Kesnel Function gelectfon:
Select the Owect Kea nel Pancion Jhakea es rhe.
date idle highes_limensional SSS:
3. keane! mabsix Ompulation: _
compule the. Keaner Wobiix. “Tint Waxy sip
belcen ste dade Dinfexs’ — == ae
4. Feadute Sac. mapping: oe CF
_ Kespal motel used decane! | Phat dale.
ip the higher “dimensional Sface iboats
5. model peaining: :
the Final. HP 1S. 40 i de wal te
mopped dade
ee a
Prpplicatiens:-
1) cassifiaton coma
2) Reepesstor.
B clustalng Pee
4) nedurel language ecers! ny
5) Feedure, Cabechion:
6) Po bois:Leamnirg
Tech oan Int con be ted fy both Cheha
and Regzession Bodlems.
lel a
ie -
" Stedciion rye fs ¢ BURA VI Sel
CUE MOSEIY: Used ‘Ay Solving class tpt Pon
feblems.
7 ING teclsion yee Weseocagiste.
: . feo Hes
hich Ore rhe perf <
Chich One The pecfsfen de ones Leqp
Soe
ee
es SOF Naoko,
9 CUSTOM tede are Used ty mdK. any beta :
and hove muly‘ple branches = ay
— TU le brane i
© leak Mhde aye Theoutpul ap those decisions
ond co roe Gey OnY Boihe,- brandis
2 TL ie 0 Suarhical, 2 Pees efor Ps ane
; INK K.
ail Possible oN
‘an shen cn dons“ = REP Bised3 cARTC clossiG%
ton and fegaession THe)
Agari iG.used to byild decision CE
The THE Cannot be Se9xegoled Psher Oe
gtd & Leap trode.> Spleting 75 the Process of divid 29 spy
decisfon nade fide Sub ~ nodes.
leer Stor ain
* Sub- Tree: o ‘
= A Tae Gained by splittiny se roee.
* prudings:
3 psunsing fs tte process oP Berwving tho
un Wanted bitinches Pom ao
* Pavent/ thi'ld pode: .
+ pode 38 led Rodent role
aoe ienacaitte the Child nodes - =
oshes Dee ey
Decison 7202 Algentihm Gautk =
Skep -2:
Gain the” Tee us
hich entatn dhe,
SHP-2:
Find The BSE ALtyibyle o
uit pthfbule agra
SHP-3:
ofvide a | ne
fossil
% BoFnee, Says g
emAede dalesoe
oaSkP -u: ei
SENG Te. dhe... deekajon Tace ede, eh’
A) i,
the best Abbi bule IT seplea
Shp -s;
moke New »_cbyaion - THOS using qhe abs ob me
dodaget “cxeci eal HN OtP-3, “eon hue zhis fais
oH a you Cairne “Riley Chasity a necks,
ALtstbule Sekclion measures: wy ie
= ubile implementing Decibin rate. , the renin tse
aise ateb hots qo - sdlect Hie hest- Oty {bde. Badte
ot So a i
pre tio, oeubary Jechniowes Poy Attribute,
4. angemation Gains,
« apegmation goin 9 the aime real oF cherie
fin enbory ater, dhe Sgimen fall 0 _ cated
bese on on @ thi
aMieebsion Grin = Eels) - ~ [eesebpje
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EObOPYCS) = ~ PCY) honoo
; A GAM Index :-
wn ft sure OF IMpurh, j
Gini Trex 15 a mest ¥ pail a oF
pusity used. ahfle cacadity a decision
co
[sini Baie i y, |
‘ 9 : “Getdtng an opimal Bifeion Bs 3
ae pruning PSG Precess of deleting fe » 4 7
fades Born atsee fa der to Gee Ihe Seyi y |
Nedsion Tee: 4 z |
= These ase rainky two types oF HC ny J
* cost @mplesity Puning
* Reduced Exoy pruning .
Advan keds ns
>t %3 eimple 4 und Stang
2 Sving cefblon - sebJed boblens
a pH the possible oxfemes
130d vantages:
2 Te bnve Pichler be mica
comPlex . té,
9 oesttekng issue. te
psunelRindmM foseSt :-
ronan 1
> Random Forse Pha NYBt popula machine.
plgeithrot 1S belongs 1 the supeWbed keariny
go 10 ws
sechniwe : i”
9 34 con be. Used: Ren hott Classieication cud.
poayession Pobers
te ob d on. dhe eorncepe ak Cnsem be Agoning
ne eee a
2 Tt.pP
2 KC Copter,
bey oF. decision HES” OINaainus subsets ¢
mn en = End Jakes she avenge fe jrmReeve
Mh Fe acne ct tak dieses
iene aM
hae a
> the Gueaks_tumber oF DES fn the: Raese Neds
fo higher Occuaacy amd Pre verb rhe Pro bem oba EN am —
; "RE Imphions Pax Randy) Resest- :-
"a SIME The Random Rese ontbines mujdiaje
. SkPAy
SHP=2,
=pyees-40pyecict the Clas of dhe dodeseg;
E98 weeibe sare decisiow Tyees a af
predict The Grect-outrd, while others me 1
_ Tee:
= — <0 eli Cages 5p
re.»
- on Brora | Gach bye mpysy fave
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4
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k _ det is Foro pain a
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‘d ub
shacinls es fe ee
skp-3 ;
hese. the Number N Pry? deck
duant + build. = Som Tes tat
SP -u :
feat oe 4 a.
BPs: a
Fey ew data. pois, Poa Le pio stk
ee Tee. *
bSa a
Applications oP Randon oP Random Foaest:-
ae
4. Ponking + Ldenhpiea Hon of. laap) vi8k.
Q. madlidine : adenifPied ViSKS oP Ife. diS208.
3. Land ube: FdentiPied Similar .land-
us rons keung. marke ng baends an be Henle
Ad vanteges :
«Tt fs copible of reaming” bah cbesiAtaveny ond
Regvessiog.madess.
? a til eset
5 Prevents othe quer Fit Sue
ojsddvarteaes :- —Y ape
> TE 1S fot, Ime Suflable Ry 297essFon dasKs
Gradient Covaleg mache :- ‘
aénnsteck o0sting aie Cabin) | Beopcidored ;
“eee eink ees tpg, AS
> esting rechniglie Polls the concert op ensemble
Leomning, and hence ia
foedes twSenemle, dh Fina) oath =
68 wochines ig used 1eq_ On
Cosem bie. me,
620316 nefod in,
reaching Lesaning high x ONCE Lika, tenan 5 it
“era ln ay,GREEN.” TE
dren Consting machine
(7. of dhe
= % e
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mics enon dts and oul Fil ay
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demons ob! Stet tte Chemackette ae a
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a qe 6s uncon Ps be’ didolalb
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4. condnuous ReshoN5e , YER.
Ly, Loss FuncHon
* On
* Laplace L; Loss Funetton
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bh pdobeose (685 Function.
3. Other Rmilies oR BesPonse Variables ;
© SS. FunetHorsmunt dite,
a Custer. loss Pinctics. g
A. Uieak seit
= WOK Vearess are yo base Leayners models that
Leary Rent fOSe. CmsS coxa and —beip=in~ build ing 4 Sheng
= ——
predictive, mode]. +!
A 2.
> Ge nese, achin 83
3. AddPive model! 4
a Addie, model is Pied a8 adding tices 44 rie
ox. OHA. ? ee
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> “id Hees 46 fhe Me TY ai ; a
Od ‘mnpeve PosRomenc., ~ has5 Te Ges pve ‘Actuole precliction
| => Te id move Plearble than odbey obexthms.
reece yeaulse ERXCDING Bocuse tei |
ay pot seamine Pre MOINS
Jaxita| data. |
guilable Por Durneniea) And Catederica! dota. |
i
_ CiSoe moles Picea iS J
a Te may Cause OFT Heathers i
5 rultiple T8225 Ox addeck Z0it is Com Pulao
ea tnshe : La a
_ AE is Ti ine= COOSUMING od mertony Grhaisuie. |
Fundameniels @P machine ewaning
pour Gaanches oP ‘machine Leaning,
4. Gupexvised sachfne Leaynirg :
= SiRayiged, Leaxning TPA i, 6 Fyne
mochines using ‘labelled ”
a a Dee
2 Th. Main Gol OP SuPeyvisecy deamniiy js ‘
Jonah vow Yo cubR vate — Tie
Pegg atte Se =
Suppose axe how aie (Pak casasey os
cae? images, she TID ty oh
MaChiN To Fon ify fede,Roo i ee eee
such 09 the Shaft 2% Si3e, colous, e7e3 , thej9 hd. tk.
Aly Gmpketion of pwofning aml predice Wey
Supesviged Leos tng tre
> Roa) -wsald oppliaihions oF
pik esstsitnl, Faaug ble detection, st Fil Pilkey
cate gn id of sua vibed machine decrsning
th
# Clossifitation
K Rogwssion.
Advonkges:
> Sufeyrigedisbeoaning . asks on labeled! dataset go
622 yavel’en nad idea cabowt the Closes oR obstek.
oe
> Tt hdpes in “pyedlicsiag Fpadidend cnbosigob:
Estince ao iP os rs
Otsadanegs:. ”
Prot ole to Solve Complex. HEks.
2 Ble thay Hes 4o'-eo ge EAU de ake of onc
Bieta Ten F towns «
~ APP Ii conions:-
* Tego SM en lation.
* Mole) Phionseis
* Peoud “elec ton at se
3 eet delector,
* th anys7 eM eS
re reurew ed Loopnirgy-
5 sna ynwravisel machine Leosning rhe
| Mochife io Twained UaIY de un labeled dodese |
and machine predict ours withtal any 5 cutnil
3 The main Guy of unewitiviied tacoohg rei
{3 4 Sump ho Ungeoled da jose. According ty |
milatites, poblesns and! dP serr |
JE
rhe Sinpj lari tes ,
et
Supe These 18 a bospey: a Fonft i
amd (oe Train do The nDObINe..-+e Machine does rot
hovenciden=-qbout The. Foviys,
: Se Mow the mohine wl doce, —
HS folkins and dlifeene syehos Cob tore.
on Peedice Theos, ad
Colegries oP UNSURE visec! Te 2 s
+ clustering ? sea, : 4
& ASC HS, : i oll
Advonkeges: “i
> Wis Algashm j3 used
i gah 13 used to eohie- omplag Bebiems
2 TL }9 Cosiey 4% ComPanre 16 belecs aes.
Oisadvarnedes wi a -
& the ould \S Mt OCCuagh, :
2 To liNcksslanc! cxokirt \S UPheyge,prpp)i caus:
wv Nebwook Pralys
* Reammendovon 49SIems
® Anomoly, detection aie
3, em? - Supeavized Leapning.- :
> semh-Supesvised Leaxning ia “ye oP machine
denning agesthig that Mies between. Supegvised -
and ungukesvsed machine Forms. sla
> TRG takes “boib lobelled 0d Un beled dat.
but SE fakes Mostly a un hbellect date.
. all ti of gemot -Supenised Leaning igh
obec Helly use Gilt de cvaflable data .
< pdvanteges? = cath, topcase =
sits Gimie and’ easy te understand.
” ae CRS
= highly eppidiert- aldara
Oisadvanteges: pore ds,
> Dexafion veswlh May mob be Stable.
2 Recumey is Pes er
4. Refofaement “Leamnihg an
2 Reinkexemont feasn tex was on a feed bach.
breed fotess, fn whith an ar Agent aulematy-
of Gapboe iS eaerourdiy iy hitting 9 taal,
Kh pillar nas F i aig’.
"9 Acton + Heasn ing amd npore Pesler rere,
tod
Sah: 4g
Agen Gets weunsd fw cochJend Action |
and Jer punished for cach bad Athon,
> the Jal of Rein &emenk oe {5
woieni 3e Yo eur. * | a
2 Agent poe fem . el, eaperienes only =
2 st is use difftenl’ Heélds) suehos —
thea, bfev0 i169 Bescorch:,. SrRamroton
Saabs eae 2
Glesoatss | oP, “einen debimingest o., ;
a ne a
* Pstiive Qeinaceinént Leoreiing s) : :
fositive ReinReacement Leaxning ee ~ coe
the TeNderty Woh the. -gecuiect . abe vier a
adtieg — Wasiebla, «
# Negative Rein Pcement taetOe:
epic a ae cacti eddy © 4
offsile tothe Postdive (einkerceurent ct
Ze 10 cote te oo
Re 09. te |
| Repaihe, eae Hoos ins
Gynthe EE
Appl Cadians 2
x video James
Ke zo RCSOUBCL maNdement
* Robotics
e teat mining
Advankges:- 2
> T+ helps §n SoWiNd -complex 3a) =tuosld Problems
> Pebieving eng eam reall. ;
DISANO NGS a" “ihe oP av Goa? cic 4
“sy pod? ipe Feared Ba Simple ii,
> PArgsithms Pau] byae. dada. and pee
Exaluauirg machine: teastiog mnodbls= P
> rock!’ evaluation “fevite! "PISS that US Some
metrics which hepus 4 Ambac i PeBeena
of the, tnodel- 3
2A _ model decree! fe mux SkP Precess
2 shes: fae al rg 8 rose Ps 10 Vital 7ole
3 ae evucifon aise Bees ¥ oma B modelsTBE: we lfdofon isa Techni of ec
CHES $ volidadfon and Hott: ‘
ee. ining
> CRS Noida tion :7s a mettod in eahith ee ole rg
use the Cobol dataset Sey Toaining
= (Dai this echniaue, 2, SOMA Post op the dadasee
fs weSeaved_ Por. te wesraved Prstesding The node.
yy ate fod ‘Krai C%S5 vali dation"
Hi
rs emily Uaede,
25), Krad Cass Va tdaior “ht: oniginal, cease
can - divided intoK Stdbsers. -
oP oo gl
=. This, Sub Bay doe: Krown.08 Falds..
SS ra
= > this, 13, wepakd k’ ite so 4
Por TOSHNS. pugpse. eagle
7 KA folds: ore, Used Se “Training! Hees
Fe ee ong
2 THIS tech niqte dePEva'3e The.
peilules sthe.ency wie aS
aes
ae
> Hooub 1S the ice nr
2 ttiissued fn a .
eS); RES a
fri rang. classiltexs, ‘as
2 tn this Technialle the’ .
inte aain and test datases..
Mey 2 afae a rat S Ser eer
© the dalasct 15 Ustuilly divided inte % fi
Vike 70:30 oF Jor20
> A laxfe watios Peston tage oP dater'stgel Por
-proining the model And a Smit Postion of
Yo. dakser is used for testing te model.
Baamelt '- a
Given Confusion malsix Find fesPamenu
malix Such Acasa, Paccision, Recall
f4- Sare. c
Sol: - ee ae :
jassifies 108 tokAlly 1G poeclittions odor
Fon The © :
“qe 160 Cases athe classiPiex pacalicted. "yes"
joo mes and ‘to’ os Hmesee”
TN = TaUe Wegodive
EP = pulse, Positive
Accuracy 38 Soisbaeg 1 Ge
i salable.)
ima re
TN+FP + pt 7p
LeU +S, ai:
“i tiie ee
PP: WSO ly te
=_99.93 : 95
MiScassi Praatien 79,8: sol =:
“mises! Baty doje = EN +Pa ee ce eee es
palse Positive wale:
false’ WAHVE Yale'+ ir.
¢ ¥ Actia$iio'
=e
So
rao Zt
Tome negative "ke: C8) 3 PCO Piiy.. -.
oue Native dake, sD ah i
Pohl
pxedsion: -
TP
ecision =
e ~ predlicted vesSa gk
q ReHNg= ond undes Piting :
DOATHHING means 10 TID moder feof
Val This wockl_Cnnot aural; oferty on 734 ing
> MK. LE twin HP ody mb}
Ghonce of. cccusing te, CVeHR
The rovde) mage |
4A rede).
> fitting f The. Hin ‘Pobleny Haak, ocans. in
SuRivied Lepaning
2 teh mag ih The ere aye
Tonia the trade) Ce tee
dese THe edt tine i, 2efiession.
2 THIS Sika ten is Alleck ger
Ho Gs 4 Qvsid the iting
Hos 4 avi 1 mode}.
4. CWS - Valid: tion
Q- Ta0ining Tih 16 chao, :
B Remaing Raa
Bly, SteFping IN Tiny,
Sift ng“ yndes eta :
> unde Pret fog means our mode] iS ot Prokealy
Hoi oor” tot * poof ly “est:
= the undes Fitting eee
pap duces 2 “in zelfabee Re
oi ‘
2 perm the ‘above -qaaph , The’ Model's unable +
capture The data. Points.
veto 40. 40 avoid u under tittiogis- yt a
1) ‘ peveca ig the Teaining ‘aime.
a) ee aa ape mumbey of Features05 Vs Varlance:-
Bias > GOP beweep acteal al value oP Bde
and Predlic ted value ok date: ws
High bias: “gredlited Value js, me Pes cy ag
Actal Value. c roe Awe, perth ;
low Bias? predic value js a
te taka Val
caccurade).
OE Prediction Vole
elation between each oer.
Low .Vassiance. : Value, 8p fh, Set al
hots much Scatfer cuit