Presentation to :

PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk

Biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Technology

Date : 09-January-2020
Presentation Outline
Overview

 Biodiesel Industry Overview

Our
 LIPICO Biodiesel Process Development
Experiences
 Biodiesel Project Reference List

 Process Chemistry Overview

Our Process
 Plant Features and Highlights
Technology
 Plant Performance

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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 Biodiesel Specification
Industrial Standards
DIN EN 14214: ASTM D6751-12 ASTM D6751-12 PERTAMINA
TEST PARAMETERS Unit Limit 2012 No 1-B No 2-B SNI 7182
Ester Content % w/w min 96.5 --- --- 96.5
Monoglycerides (MG) % w/w max 0.70 0.40 --- 0.80 (0.55)
Diglycerides (DG) % w/w max 0.20 --- --- ---
Triglycerides (TG) % w/w max 0.20 --- --- ---
Free Glycerol % w/w max 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
Total Glycerol % max 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.24
Flash Point (closed cup) °C min 101 93 93 100 (130)
a) Methanol Content OR % w/w max 0.20 0.20 0.20 ---
b) Flash Point °C min --- 130 130 ---
Water Content ppm max 500 0.05 %vol 0.05 %vol 500 (350)
Acid Number mgKOH/g max 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 (0.40)
Total Contamination (TC) ppm max 24 --- --- --- (20)
Oxidation Stability - EN 14112 Hour min 8.0 --- --- ---
Oxidation Stability - EN 15751 Hour min --- 3.0 3.0 8.0 (10.0)
Copper Strip Corrosion (3hr at 50 °C) --- --- Class 1 No. 3 max (D130) No. 3 max (D130) No.1 (D130)
Carbon Residue - 10% distil residue % w/w max 0.30 --- --- 0.30
- 100% %w/w max --- 0.05 0.05 0.05
Distillation Temperature 90% (D1160) °C max --- 360 360 360
Sulphated Ash Content % w/w max 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
Alkaline Metals (Na + K) ppm max 5.0 5.0 5.0 --- (5)
Metal Group II (Ca + Mg) ppm max 5.0 5.0 5.0 --- (5)
Phosphorus Content ppm max 4.0 10 10 4
Sulfur Content (S5 / S15) mg/kg max 10 5 / 15 5 / 15 50 (10)
Density kg/m3 --- 860 – 900 --- --- 850 – 890
Kinematic Viscosity at 40 °C mm2/s (cSt) --- 3.5 – 5.0 1.9 – 6.0 1.9 – 6.0 2.3 – 6.0
Cetane Number --- min 51 47 47 51
Iodine Number g I2/100 g max 120 --- --- 115
Linolenic Acid Content % max 12 --- --- ---
CFPP °C max Report --- --- --- (15)
Cold Soak Filter Test D7501 sec max --- 200 360 ---
Cloud Point (Titik Kabut) °C max --- --- --- 18 (---)
Color Scale ASTM D1500 --- max --- --- --- --- (3)
Water & Sediment(W&S) % v/v max --- --- --- 0.05 (---)
LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
(***) new B30 specification 3
LIPICO Experience
Biodiesel Technology Development

Selected as LIPICO Repeat Order  PT Musim Repeat Order Awarded  PT SMART Tbk  GAMA Group
sole patents for from Wilmar Mas from Wilmar biodiesel - 1000 TPD - 2x1000 TPD
engineering biodiesel for biodiesel Successfully for biodiesel projects from Biodiesel Plant Biodiesel Plant with
partner for process. plant with commissioned plant with Indonesian with Cold cold filtration
PT Wilmar 1000tpd 1050tpd 1000tpd customers :- Filtration
Bioenergi capacity. biodiesel capacity.  PT Tunas Baru
Indonesia (JV  Singapore plant based  PT Darmex  PT Cemerlang Lampung
between Patent – on LIPICO - 1000TPD Energi Perkasa - Glycerine Refining
ADM-Wilmar 146458 patented Biodiesel Plant - 600tpd Biodiesel - Re-Esterification
group) for 1st (2007) technology Distillation Plant - Cold Filtration
palm-based
biodiesel plant  Indonesian  PT Tunas Baru  PT Kutai Refinery  PT Wahana
in Indonesia. Patent – Lampung - 1000TPD Biodiesel Prima Sejati
WO200902574 - 1000TPD Plant with wet -1500 TPD
Delivered 3 (2009) Delivered 2 Delivered 2 Biodiesel Plant clarification Biodiesel Plant with
plants plants plants cold filtration

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2018 2019

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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Biodiesel Technology
Process Chemistry LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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Reaction Chemistry
Main and Side Reactions

Main Reaction - Transesterification


Catalyst
+ Methanol Biodiesel
Oil + Glycerol
(FAME)


Side Reaction 1 – Formation of Soap

FFA + Catalyst Soap + Water


Side Reaction 2 – Formation of Soap
Water + Catalyst Caustic + Methanol

Caustic + Oil Soap + Glycerol


Side Reaction 3 – Formation of SG (Haze/Sediment)

Acylated SG + Catalyst Sterol Glucosides (SG)

Measured by LIPICO
TC Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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Transesterification
Reaction

Biodiesel
(FAME)

Glycerol

Oil + Methanol (In Excess) Reaction Methyl Ester / Glycerine

+ Catalyst Separation

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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Biodiesel Washing
Removal of Methanol & Soap from Biodiesel

BIODIESEL
(FAME)

Emulsion /
Soap / SG

Water +
Methanol

Biodiesel with Washing with Water Methyl Ester / Water

excess Methanol in to Remove Impurities Separation
excess and Soaps
LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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SG Removal (Option 1)
Wet Method (By Water Washing)

Biodiesel

Sterol Glucosides

Water Phase

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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SG Removal (Option 2)
Cold Filtration Method (Using Filter Aid)

BIODIESEL
(FAME)

Filtration

STEROL
GLUCOSIDES
(SG)

Sterol Glucosides (non-soluble) in biodiesel is induced when cooled to <60 C

 Detected as Total Contaminants (TC)
LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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LIPICO Plant Features
Process Highlights
LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant Features
Transesterification Reaction

Fast + Complete Reaction with fast glycerine removal

– High conversion (> 99%) & High yield, consistent biodiesel quality

Catalyst
Oil + Methanol Biodiesel + Glycerol

EFFECTIVE
EXCESS CONTINUOUS
MIXING &
(100~150%) GLYCEROL
DISTRIBUTION
METHANOL REMOVAL
IN REACTOR

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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 LIPICO Biodiesel Plant Features
Transesterification Reaction

– High shear intensive mixing for oil with methanol+ catalyst

– Proprietary Plug Flow Reactor with continuous glycerine discharge
and remixing ensure forward reaction
– Active* catalyst recycling to reduce catalyst consumption and improve
reaction conversion
Overall Conversion : Overall Conversion :
Methanol + 75 % 90 % 95 % > 99 %
Methanol +
Catalyst Catalyst

RBD Reactor Reactor Reactor Reactor Biodiesel

1 2 3 4
Palm Oil (FAME)

Glycerol Glycerol Glycerol Glycerol Glycerol

+ Soap + Soap + Soap + catalyst + catalyst

Active catalyst recycle

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant Features
Why High-Shear Mixing?

Intensive Mixing
Highly efficient and rapid in operation which capable of reducing
mixing times by up to 90%

Small hold-up volume

Fast plant start-up and shutdown time and less equipment load

Low Power Consumption

Dedicated workhead for high-shear rates design for
mixing of oil and methanol/catalyst

Easy operation
Fully automated, continuous operation

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant Features
Why Centrifugal Separator?

Instant and sharp separation

To prevent back reaction due to long contacting time of
biodiesel/glycerol or water.

Small plant hold-up volume

Fast plant start-up and shutdown time
Less equipment load and Less Oil in Plant (OIP)

Small plant footprint

Savings in plant construction cost

Easy operation
Fully automated, continuous operation, consistent quality

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant Features
Comparison of Centrifuge Separator vs Settling Tank

No hold-up volume, Instant and sharp separation, Easy start-up

Settling Tank Centrifuge

Gravity Settling Velocity, Centrifugal Settling Velocity,
Vg = dh2 x (ρh - ρl) x g / 18 ƞl V = dh2 x (ρh - ρl) x r x ω2 / 18 ƞl
1 x gravity (G) force 5000 x gravity (G) force
LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant Features
High Grade Material – Built to Last design
Oil +
Reaction PH 9
Stainless Steel 304

Methanol / Catalyst

Glycerine
PH 9
Removal

Citric acid Washing PH 5 Biodiesel

Soap
Hydrochloric acid PH 4 Fatty Matter
(for presence of chloride)
Special Grade: Duplex SS

Splitting

PH
NaOH PH 7
Adjustment

Methanol
PH 7 Methanol (Recycle)
Recovery

Glycerine
Water (Recycle) PH 7 Crude Glycerine
Evaporation
LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant Features
Methanol Rectification

Structured Packing
 Ensure low pressure drop across the packed column
 Thin-film technology for efficient mass transfer  very low
moisture methanol quality for recycle
 High grade material (SS904L/1.4539)

Liquid Distributor
 Designed for high turn-down ratio
 Effective wetting of structured packing surface

Low Process Hold-Up Volume

 Fast start-up and shut-down of the column compared
with tray-type design.

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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 LIPICO Biodiesel Plant Features
Glycerine-Water Evaporation
 Feed forward evaporation system design  Straight forward, Efficient
 Triple-effect glycerine evaporation  For best steam economy
 High-grade material (Duplex2205 and SS904L) for evaporation section
Recovered Recovered Recovered
Steam Vapor Steam Vapor Steam Vapor

To Vacuum

Heating
Steam

Glycerine Water Glycerine Water Glycerine Water Crude Glycerine

(35-40%) (50-55%) (65-70%) (80-85%)
+ chloride + chloride + chloride + chloride

EFFECT 1 EFFECT 2 EFFECT 3

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant Features
Full Methanol Recovery, Closed Water Loop
Energy Efficient, Fully Integrated Recovery System
- Complete excess methanol recovery, closed water loop

OIL Reaction Washing Drying BIODIESEL

Gly-Water FATTY
MATTER
Water

Treatment

Methanol
Excess Methanol Rectification

Glycerine CRUDE
Evaporation GLYCERINE
LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant Features
Small Plant Footprint
36 m

32 m

16 m

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

1500 TPD Biodiesel Plant 23
LIPICO Biodiesel Plant Features
Small Plant Footprint

 >50% savings in footprint (compared to settling tank process)

 Less process hold-up in plant  Easy for change of feedstock
 Fast startup / shutdown time

Footprint = 576 m2 Footprint = 1,800 m2

Floor Area = 3,504 m2 Floor Area = 4,680 m2

LIPICO OTHERS

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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SG Removal Technologies
Process Highlights
LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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SG (TC) Removal Methods
Various Process Options

Removal of SG in Biodiesel

Storage Wet Cold

Tank Clarification Distillation
(conventional) Filtration

 Batch  Continuous  Continuous  Continuous

 Natural cooling and  Wet Process using  Cooling with CW  Distilled product
settling in tank water and centrifuge 32C followed by with low MG
separator filtration (<0.2%)
 Inconsistent quality
 TC < 24 ppm  TC < 15 ppm  TC < 10 ppm
 Need to clean foot
in storage tank  SG as liquid waste  SG as dry solid  Need to add anti-
oxidant in product
 High losses  Lowest losses
 Losses as residue
LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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 Process with SG (TC) Removal
Dry Process Using Filter Aid
Water
Methanol Catalyst (Recycle)
Filter Aid
Citric Acid
998 kg
RBD Cold BIODIESEL
Reaction Separation Washing Drying TC ≤ 15 PPM
PALM OIL Filtration
1,000 kg
HCl DRY CAKE
(SG+Filter Aid)
Methanol
(Excess) Soap Glycerine FATTY
Treatment MATTER
Glycerine 5~7 kg
NaOH

RBD Oil (Recycle) Methanol

Biodiesel Recovery
Methanol
Water
Water (Recycle)

Glycerine (Recycle) Glycerine CRUDE

Fatty Matter Evaporation GLYCERINE
Soap 125 kg
LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
Waste Water 29
Process with SG (TC) Removal
Dry Process Using Filter Aid

Biodiesel Biodiesel Biodiesel

(*60 C) + SG (40 C)
(40 C)

Filter Aid
Filter Aid

Filter Cake (+SG) LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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Cold Filtration Process
Filtration

Before Filtration After Filtration

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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SG Removal Process Comparison
Cold Filtration vs Wet Clarification
Method Cold Filtration Wet Clarification
BiodieselYield (*) 998 kg / MT feed 995 kg / MT feed
TC Specification 15 ppm max 24 ppm max

Cost due to Product Losses : 2 kg x US$ 750/MT Losses : 5 kg x US$ 750/MT

Losses US$ 1.50 / MT US$ 3.75 / MT

Water : 0.05 m3 x US$2/m3 Steam : 48 kg x US$0.007/kg

Utilities & Chemical Electricity : 3 kWh x US$ 0.10/kWh Water : 0.1 m3 x US$2/m3
Cost Filter Aid : 0.8 kg x US$ 0.55/kg Electricity : 4 kWh x US$ 0.10/kWh
US$ 0.84 / MT US$ 0.94 / MT

Operating Cost US$ 2.34 / MT US$ 4.69 / MT

Spent filter aid (Solid) SG Sludge (Slurry)
Contains ~40% of methyl ester and Contains 40~60% of methyl ester
Effluent can be burnt in biomass boiler by and can be burnt in biomass boiler
Handling mixing with coal. by mixing with coal.
[Quantity 3~4 MT/day] [Quantity 6~8 MT/day]

*without SG removal, biodiesel yield is 1,000 kg/MT feed

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant
References
LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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LIPICO Reference List
Biodiesel Plant
Year Customer Capacity (tpd) Projects
Biodiesel Plant with Cold Filtration
2006 PT Wilmar Bioenergi Indonesia (Pelintung) 800
(Detailed Engineering and Key Equipment supply)
2007 PT Wilmar Bioenergi Indonesia (Pelintung) 800 (Repeat Order)

2007 PT Wilmar Bioenergi Indonesia (Pelintung) 800 (Repeat Order)

2008 PT Wilmar Bioenergi Indonesia (Pelintung) 1,000 (Repeat Order)

2008 PT Wilmar Nabati Indonesia (Gresik) 1,000 (Repeat Order)

2009 PT Musim Mas Batam 1,050 Biodiesel Plant with Cold Filtration

2013 PT Multi Nabati Sulawesi 1,000 (Repeat Order)

2013 PT Wilmar Nabati Indonesia (Gresik) 1,000 (Repeat Order)

2014 PT Tunas Baru Lampung 1,000 Biodiesel Plant

2014 PT Darmex Biofuels (Lubuk Gaung) 1,000 Biodiesel Plant

2014 PT Sinarmas Bio Energy (Marunda) 1,000 Biodiesel Plant with Cold Filtration

2014 PT Cemerlang Energi Perkasa (Dumai) 600 Biodiesel Distillation Plant

2015 PT Kutai Refinery Nusantara 1,000 Biodiesel Plant with Wet Clarification

2018 GAMA Corporation 2 x 1,000 Biodiesel Plant with Cold Filtration

2019 PT Wahana Prima Sejati 1,500 Biodiesel Plant with Cold Filtration

2019 PT Tunas Baru Lampung 1,000 Biodiesel Cold Filtration Plant

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant
Reference: 800 TPD Biodiesel Plant

PT Wilmar Bioenergi Indonesia

800tpd Biodiesel Plant (2006)
Pelintung, Gresik

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant
Reference: 800 TPD Biodiesel Plant

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant
Reference: 1,000 TPD Biodiesel Plant

PT Budi Nabati Perkasa

1000 tpd Biodiesel Plant (2014)
Lampung

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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LIPICO Biodiesel Plant
Reference: 1,050 TPD Biodiesel Plant

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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Reference Plant
1,000 TPD Biodiesel Cold Filtration Plant

PT SMART Marunda (2015) PT Musim Mas Batam (2009)

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd
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 Reference Plant
1,000 TPD Pretreatment + Biodiesel Plant + Cold Filtration

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

PT SMART Marunda (2015) 40
Reference Plant
600TPD ME Distillation Plant

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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Thank You
For Your Kind Attention

LIPICO Bioenergy Pte Ltd

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