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Q 1. Define job layout Ans.
Job Layout:A systematic arrangement of
various jobs / resources required for construction project around it, are chalked out on drawing so as to achieve economy, Safety & convenience
Q 2. List two purposes of shoring : Shoring is the construction of a
temporary structure to support temporarily an unsafe structure. 1. To repair bulging out wall. 2. To repair the cracks in the wall. 3. To dismantle adjacent structure4. To make openings in existing wal
Q 3. State the classification of building as per National Building
Code Part III 2005.Ans. Classification of building (as per NBC)1. Residential Building, 2. Educational Building,3. Institutional Building, 4. Assembly Building, 5. Business Building, 6. Mercantile Building, 7. Industrial Building, 8. Storage Building 9. Hazardous Building
Q.4. State any two building components with their function.1.
Foundation : a) The function of foundation is to transfer the load of the building upto the hard strata which can support it without settling down.1. b) Foundation also helps in spreading the load over a large area to decrease the load intensity.2. Plinth: a) It provides protection from rainwater and crawling animals 3. Floor: a) It provides good resistance to wear and tear occurring due to its daily use. b) It provides leveled surface for comfortable movement.4. Walls: a) Wall form the outer limits of the building and separate the rooms from each other.
Q 5. State the function of window sill and lintel. a)Sill-1. To provide
suitable finish to window opening. 2. It also affords a protection to wall below the window 3.It also provides the support to vertical members of the openings.b) Lintel-1. It supports the portion of wall over the opening. 2. They are used to transmit the load to adjacent wall over which they are supported.
Q 6. Discuss the provisions of doors in a structure with reference
to the location and purpose.1) Doors should be located in opposite walls facing each other.2) Doors should be located near the corner of room nearly 20 cm away from the corner.3) To achieve optimum utilization of room, the number of doors in a room should be kept minimum.4) The location and size of the door should meet the functional requirements of the room. Q 7 . Describe the procedure for layout of load bearing structure by center – line method. :1. From the plan (fig 1), the center line of the walls are calculated. Then the center lines of the rooms are set out by setting perpendiculars in the ratio 3:4:5. Suppose the corner points are A, B, C, D, E, F and G which are marked by pegs with nails on top. 2. The setting of the corner point is checked according to diagonals AC, BD, CF and EG. 3. During excavation, the center points A, B, C, D, E, F, G may be removed. Therefore the center lines are extended and the center points are marked about 2m away from the outer edge of excavation.Thus the points A1, A2, B1, B2 and likewise, are marked outside the trench. Centre line are shown clearly by stretching thread or rope. The center points fixed 2m away from the excavation are marked with sit out pegs.4. From the plan details, the width of excavation to be done is also marked by thread with pegs at appropriate positions.5. The excavation width is then marked by lime or by with furrow with spade.6. A theodolite should be used for accurate center line marking. Q 8. Explain timbering and strutting with a neat sketch.: A method of giving the temporary support to the side of deep trench or when subsoil is loose or very soft is known as timbering (i.e. shoring) and strutting. It consists of timber planks and strut to give temporary support to the side of trench. When the depth of trench is large, or when the sub-soil is loose, the sides of the trench may cave in. The problem can be solved by adopting a suitable method of timbering. Timbering of trenches, sometimes also known as shoring consists of providing timber planks or boards and struts to give temporary support to the sides of the trench. Timbering of deep trenches can be done with the help of the following methods:1. Stay bracing. 2. Box sheeting 3. Vertical sheeting 4. Runner system 5. Sheet piling
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