1.

1Overview

The project and a statement of the problem and how to develop an appropriate solution
to it

1.2Background

It is difficult to predict the amount of water present in water tanks, so a circuit is made
to show the water level in the tank, some resort to using complex circuits using
transistors and even AC, but they are complex, inaccurate and low-efficiency circuits,
so a device can be made to monitor the water level in The tank is programmed by
programming the ARDUINO chip with the ultrasonic sensor so that we can know the
amount of water in the tank and display the output on the LCD screen with LEDs, and
so we can save a lot of effort and costs in addition to a relatively better efficiency

1.3Aim and Objectives

The main objective of this project is facilitating the reading process and its knowledge
of the water level with a high accuracy in order to do not make any manual work or any
physical intervention summarizing the most important and most objectives in the
following points: read analysis of the alarm, the treatment of vital eyes through the
ARDUINO processor and the level of water in the tank is a programming of the
ARDUINO stage and using the C language

1.4 Motivation
We are working to provide time, effort and find out the water level inside the tank with
a reasonable and with a MANUS and a speedy response while we need this with the
exclusion of the harm and the huge capacity

1.5 Methodologies
It is the evaluation of the Basic Form Project and clarifying how to work to identify
problems in order to explain the project idea review of the project determining the
conditions of hardware to solve the problem setting software requirements that rely with
the requirements of the project plan project mode in implementation of the project
management project

2
1.6 Problem Statement

Explaining the problem and developing the solution It is difficult to predict the amount
of water in the tanks, so a circuit is made to show the water level in the tank. Some
resort to using complex circuits using transistors and even AC, but they are complex,
inaccurate and efficient circuits low. The proposal device is made to monitor the water
level in the tank by programming the ARDUINO chip and using the C language

1.7Project Organization
➢ Chapter 1: Introduction

➢ Chapter 2: Project Requirements

➢ Chapter 3: Simulation of the project circuit

➢ Chapter 4: Project experiment result

➢ Chapter 5: Conclusion and future work

3
 Chapter 2
Project Requirements

4
2.1 Introduction

In this chapter we will address the project requirements in the general material and the
program will also be able to clean each both parties a d feature

2.2 Project Requirements

Among the most important tools that we will use to implement the project are:

1- Breadboard
2- Buzzer
3- Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04
4- LED's
5- Tank Water
6- LCD 2×16
7- Wires
8- Relay

2.2.1 Hardware Requirements

It means the physical tools which are the tangible things in the project based on the
detailed model, so that we explain through this how these tools work, how to deal with
them, what they are used, and what are the most important advantages of these tools by
specifying to see

ARDUINO UNO

Figure 2-1 ARDUINO UNO

5
ARDUINO Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based on the Microchip
ATmega328P microcontroller developed by Arduino.cc and initially released in 2010.
[2] [3] The board is equipped with combinations of digital and analog input/output (I/O)
pins that can Connect them to various expansion plates (shields) and other circuits. [1]
The board has 14 digital I/O ports (six of which are PWM capable), and 6 analog I/O
ports, and is programmable using the ARDUINO IDE (integrated development
environment), via a USB Type-B cable. [4 It can be powered by a USB cable or by an
external 9-volt battery, although it accepts voltages between 7 and 20 volts. It is similar
to ARDUINO Nano and Leonardo. [5] [6] The hardware reference design is distributed
under the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 2.5 License and is available on
the ARDUINO website. Layout and production files are also available for some device
versions The word "UNO" means "one" in Italian and was chosen to distinguish the
initial version of the ARDUINO software. [1] The Uno board is the first in the series of
USB-based ARDUINO boards; [3] Version 1.0 of the ARDUINO IDE were the
reference versions of ARDUINO, which have now evolved into newer versions. [4]
The ATmega328 comes on board pre-programmed with a BOOTLOADER that allows
new code to be loaded into it without the use of an external hardware programmer. [3]

While the Uno communicates using the original STK500 protocol,[1] it differs from all
previous boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it
uses an Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to version R2) programmed as a USB-to-serial
adapter. [7]

Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04

Figure 2-2 Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04

The HC-SR04 Ultrasound Sensor uses sonar to determine the distance to the object. It
offers excellent non-contact detection with high accuracy and stable readings in an

6
easy-to-use package. From 2 cm to 400 cm or 1 inch to 13 ft. Its operation is not affected
by sunlight or black materials such as Sharp range adjusters (although soft materials
such as fabric are difficult to detect acoustically). It comes with an ultrasonic
transceiver.

Features:

Power supply: +5V DC

Quiet current: <2mA

Working current: 15mA

Impact angle: <15°

Distance range: 2cm - 400cm / 1 - 13ft

Resolution: 0.3cm

Measuring angle: 30 degrees

Trigger input pulse width: 10uS

Trigger pulse (input)

echo pulse (output)

0V (Ground)

Dimension: 45mm x 20mm x 15mm

Related Products

Breadboard

7
 Figure 2-3 Breadboard

A SOLDERLESS breadboard, breadboard, or terminal array board is a building block

used to build semi-permanent prototypes of electronic circuits. Unlike VEROBOARD,
the boards do not require welding or destruction of the tracks and therefore can be
reused. For this reason, experiment boards are very popular among students and in
technology education A variety of electronic systems can be prototyped using
breadboards, from small analog and digital circuits to full CPUs (CPUs).

Compared with more sustainable circuit connection methods, modern panels have high
parasitic capacitance, relatively high impedance, and less reliable connections, which
are subject to jostling and physical degradation. Signaling is limited to about 10MHz,
and not everything works properly even below this frequency

8
 LCD MINITOR 2×16

Figure 2-4 LCD MINITOR 2×16

The screen is needed to display the actual results and choose this size and type 2 x 16
2 rows and 16 column

JAMBER WIRES

9
 Figure 2-5 JAMBER WIRES

Figure 2-6 JAMBER WIRES

Circuit jumpers are useful for connecting a Raspberry Pi or ARDUINO to a

breadboard. Both ends of the wires are male and fit any breadboard. 65 wires are
flexible and durable for repeated use, and they come in different colors and lengths to
be easy to track and easy to separate and connect

LED's

10
 Figure 2-7 LED GREEN – LED RED

A light-emitting diode is a light source made of semiconductor materials that emits

light when an electric current is passed through it.[1][2] It is also called spring
illumination

11
2.2.2 Software Requirements

ARDUINO IDE
Figure 2-8 ARDUINO IDE

The ARDUINO Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a cross-platform

application (for Windows, MACOS, and Linux) written with functions from C and
C++.[3] It is used to write and upload programs to ARDUINO-compatible boards, but
also with the help of third-party cores, other vendor development boards.[4]

The source code for the IDE is released under the GNU General Public License, version
2. [5] The ARDUINO IDE supports C and C++ languages using special rules for
structuring the code.[6] The ARDUINO IDE provides a software library from the
Wiring project, which provides many common input and output routines. User-written
code requires only two basic functions, to start the diagram and the main program loop,
which are compiled and bound to the stub main() program in a periodic AVRDUDE
executable program with the GNU TOOLCHAIN, also included in the IDE
distribution.[7] The ARDUINO IDE uses AVRE to convert the executable code into a
hexadecimal encoded text file that is loaded into the ARDUINO board by a program
loaded in the board's firmware.[8] By default, AVRDUDE is used as an upload tool to
flash user code on official ARDUINO boards.[9]

12
The ARDUINO IDE is a derivative of the Processing IDE,[10] but as of version 2.0,
the Processing IDE will be replaced by the Eclipse The IDE framework based on the
Visual Studio code With the growing popularity of ARDUINO as a software platform,
other vendors have begun implementing custom open source compilers and tools
(cores) that can create and upload graphics to other microcontrollers not supported by
the official ARDUINO line of microcontrollers

13
 Chapter 3
Simulation of the project Circuit

3.1 Introduction

14
Here we will connect the parties in the DR all DRIDONE his job and work towards
the goal directly after direct delivery and modifying the leaders by commodities that
are filed on the code

3.2 Connected LED to ARDUINO UNO

In this case we will connect the LED that wants to be born in the DERMINO which
will work as a panic It is referred to entry or full water bowl inside the tank Only this
was done directly by orbit by Breadboard to consumption of wires The pin 5,6,10 must
be taken into account because it is characterized by the fact that it emits waves through
which we control the intensity of the analog lighting during connection and connection
to the direct ARDUINO or the experiment board to reduce the percentage of wires

Figure 3-2-1 Simulation of Connnected LED to Arduino UNO

Figure 3-1 LED to ARDUINO UNO

3.3 Connected Ultrasonic Sensor HC- SR04 to ARDUINO UNO

15
In the case we are connecting the sound, which will the waves towards the surface of
the web and the license of the distance between this surface that is equal to the speed
of 2 / a speed of the voice wave it is 340m / s and FREGUNES 40khz Frequency of the
wells we are humans

The distance = speed × time / 2 4Pins

Trig A party that wipes the waves is of the microcontroller

Echo Which is receiving the wave when it is returned and described by the body in
front of it VCC They have the party we connect it with 5 volts GND We connect it to
my satisfaction

Figure 3-3-2 Simulation of Connected Ultrasonic Sensor HC- SR04 to ARDUINO UNO

Figure 3-2 Connected Ultrasonic Sensor HC- SR04 to ARDUINO UNO

3.4 Connected LCD 2×16 to ARDUINO UNO

16
Now we will connect the results screen, which gives us the depth of displayed by a
digital value or printed in the character as we want

Figure 3-4-3 Simulation of Connected 2×16 to ARDUINO UNO

Figure 3-3 Connected 2×16 to ARDUINNO UNO

Figure 3-4 Simulation of Connected BUZZER to ARDUINO UNO

Figure 3-5 Simulation of Connected RELAY to ARDUINO UNO

Here We are using a buzzer with a relay for operating switch ON or OFF and buzzer
sounds

3.5 Block Diagram

17
 Figure 3-4 Block Diagram

3.6 Project Circuit Design

Figure 3-6-6 Simulation of Project Circuit Design and Block diagram

Figure 3-5 Project Circuit Design and Block diagram

18
 Chapter 4
Project Experiment Result

4.1 Introduction

19
The actual project that is currently under implementation and let's see the results

4.2 Experiment 1

In the first step, let's assume that the specified point is the water level, and here the
wave exits and collides and then returns. We take the time period while going or
returning and converting this reading to the ARDUINO board and then it turns into an
Arabic form and here is the output 1/18 that is the distance between the sensor and the
level of the water level

Figure 4-1 Step one for the Experiment

4.3 Experiment 2
To the 330 cm stores the tank if the tank is about to end the water found in NERRY
that the LED red in the case is on which is alerted in the rules or comparison and Tank
is not full

Figure 4-2 Step two for the Experiment

4.4 Experiment 3

20
At this stage, we are working to raise the water upwards. We notice that the distance
has become approximately 14/18, and the tank is still not full Considering this nozzle
that we are referring to is the beginning or surface of the water tank itself

Figure 4-3 Step three for the Experiment

4.5 Experiment 4
We look at the LCD screen and we see that it indicates that the tank is full considering
the range is 18/18

Figure 4-4 Step four for the Experiment

4.6 Flow Chart

21
 Figure 4-5 Flow Chart

22
 Chapter 5
Conclusion and Future Work

23
5.1 Conclusion

We note in this case that the water level has been accurately identified, without the need
for the human element or any physical intervention, which results in many losses in
addition to the lack of costs and resources. The least possible time for this technical
aspect and its significant development has a positive return in general

5.2 Future Work

The keenness to develop such technical things has an effective role in the future, as
we have noted the possibility of what allows us to save time and effort in practice, in
addition to avoiding risks and what results from them. Such as (devices - monitoring
systems of large size - the human element based on the work individually), the speed
of completion and response to all existing work, which does not tolerate any delay in
the results, taking into account the work on developing sensors to the maximum
extent we want and that is linked to the reading of the Each model and the possibility
of speed and accuracy has to be used in the most complex matters that require
extreme accuracy

5.3 Reference
- geeksvalley.com

- en.mwikipedia.org

- gxf2.com

- sparkfun.com

24