Journal Publication of International Research for Engineering and Management (JOIREM)

Volume: 05 Issue: 09 | Sept-2021

DESIGN OF INTELLIGENT HELMET FOR

COAL MINERS
Dr S.S Morade , Vaishnavi Dhundale , Prachi Jaiswal , & Ankita Rajguru

Department of Electronics And Telecommunication Engineering

K. K. Wagh Institute of Engineering Education And Research, Nashik

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Abstract – People working in the coal mining have to

A smart helmet has been developed that is able to suffer various environmental change in their
detect of hazardous events in the mines industry. In mining. They also have the danger from gases
the development of helmet, we have considered the such as the methane, carbon monoxide, and
three main types of hazard such as air quality, temperature. So, strong safety and security of
helmet removal, and collision (miners are struck by life mine workers is an important factor for
society.
an object). The first is the concentration level of the
hazardous gases such as CO, SO2, NO2, DHT
temperature and Humidity and particulate matter. II. SYSTEM OVERVIEW
The second hazardous event was classified as a
miner removing the mining helmet off their head. .
The layout of the visualisation software was
completed, however the implementation was Figure1. Block Diagram of
Transmitter Unit
unsuccessful. Tests were successfully done to
calibrate the accelerometer. PCB’s that were
designed and made included a breakout board and
a prototype board. A whole software
implementation was done based on Eagle of the
measuring of sensors and of calculations done with
the measured values. This paper presents the
undertaken design detailing solutions to issues
raised in previous research.

I. INTRODUCTION

India is known for its extensive and

diverse mineral resources and large
mining industry. Mining is the process of
extracting valuable minerals from the earth
.In today’s world, mining plays an important
role due to need for metals and other
minerals. The material obtained from mining
include aluminium, copper, lead, Zinc, gold,
diamond, metals, coal etc. Coal plays an
important role in the generation of electricity.
Coal is extract from the earth by surface
mining and underground mining. In
underground mining, disaster is very serious
issue. Figure 2 . Block Diagram of
Receiver

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 Journal Publication of International Research for Engineering and Management (JOIREM)
Volume: 05 Issue: 09 | Sept-2021

The system has following components:

1.ATMEGA328P : Atmega328P is a 8-bit AVR

Microcontroller with 32K Bytes In-System
Programmable Flash.

2.MQ 4 GAS SENSOR : In this project MQ-4

sensor is used as a gas sensor. It is able to identify
various gases in the air like CO, CH4, LPG and
natural gases. MQ-4 sensor is highly sensitive to 6. HC 05 BLUETOOTH MODULE :
LPG . Methane gas is released from coal beds to
the surrounding atmosphere. It uses serial communication to communicate with
devices. It communicates with microcontroller
using serial port (USART).

3.MQ135 AIR QUALITY SENSOR: Air

quality sensor for detecting a wide range of gases,
including NH3, NOx, alcohol, benzene, smoke III. SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS:
and CO2. Ideal for use in office or factory.
Atmega328p ic Number of : 28
MQ135 gas sensor has high sensitivity to
Ammonia, Sulfide and Benze steam, also Pins
sensitive to smoke and other harmful gases. It is Number of : 23
with low cost and particularly suitable for Air programmable
quality monitoring application. I/O lines
ADC Module :6channels,
10-bit
resolution
ADC
MQ135 sensor Power
consumption of
150Ma, analog
4.TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSOR : output: 0-5 v

The DHT11 is a basic, ultra low-cost digital temperature and DHT11 sensor Humidity range:
humidity sensor. It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a 20-90%
thermistor to measure the surrounding air, and spits out a
digital signal on the data pin (no analog input pins needed). Its Temperature: 0 -
fairly simple to use, but requirescareful timing to grab data. 50 celsius
MQ 4 sensor Working
voltage: 5v
Detects methane
Hc-05 Frequency: 2.4
bluetooth GHZ, Serial
module port

5.BUZZER AND LCD DISPLAY:

To alert the miner and display values on lcd display.

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 Journal Publication of International Research for Engineering and Management (JOIREM)
Volume: 05 Issue: 09 | Sept-2021

IV. ADVANTAGES AND

APPLICATIONS

 Advantages :

- Low cost and reliable circuit.

- Life saver safety device.
- Prevent from the high temperature and
humidity.
- Detection of the poisonous gases.
- Quick Searching and can able to give
the warning.

 Application :

- This can be used by a persons who are

working in the underground.
- It can be used for detecting the
dangerous environment situations.
- It can also be applied at any weather
Conditions.

V. ALGORITHM

Step 1 : start of the program

Step 2: system gets initialized and check
connectivity of all sensors.
Step 3: check all parameters like gas, temp,
can be read by sensors .
VII. CONCLUSION AND
Step 4: checking threshold values of sensor if FUTURE SCOPE
it is greater than set value then go to below
step.
The proposed system deals with the detection
Step 5: Alert the miner through buzzer and of harmful gases and temperature in coal
values display on LCD. mines. Atmega 328 p controller is the heart of
Step 6: sends this data to other miners through the system which helps in taking the decisions
communication module. when the values of gases beyond its threshold
value in the system. MQ 135 air quality sensor
Step 7: End of the program. will be activated to detect co2 and dht11 for
Step 8: Follows the step 2 again. sensing temperature .

VI. SYSTEM The above system can be further developed

IMPLEMENTATION using the various sensors for monitoring the
heart rate and blood pressure of the miners .
Simulation in proteus as shown
in figures. Also this system may be enhanced by
using the database that monitors different
sensor modules in the system and this data can
be given to the cloud and the user can access

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 Journal Publication of International Research for Engineering and Management (JOIREM)
Volume: 05 Issue: 09 | Sept-2021

and monitor this data with the help of IOT and Knowledge Discovery, 2009.
(Internet Of Things) technology.
Further we can also add different sensors and
[10] Cowsalya T , Tamizhselvi J , Pavithra
B “Smart Helmet For Underground Hard
GPS technology for the location purpose.
Rock Miners By Using Wireless Sensor
Network”, Volume 7, Issue 10, 2018 .

VIII. REFERENCES

[1] ‘T.Pathan’ , ‘Puja G. Panchbuddhe’, “A

Microcontroller Based smart helmet for coal
miners for air quality and hazardous event
detection”, Volume 4 Issue-3,2018.

[2] Hem Chandra Joshi and Satyajit Das , “

Design and Simulation of Smart Helmet for
Coal Miners using Zigbee Technology”,
International Journal on Emerging
Technologies(special issue NCETST-2017).

[3] Chandrashekar S,Dr. Sarika Tale, “An Intelligent

Ultrasonic Helmet System for Miner
,International Journal of Engineering Research &
Technology (IJERT), Special Issue-2017.

[4] ‘BOLLA SRAVANI’ , K RAMBABU’,

“A Smat And Secured Helmet For Mining
Workers”,Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2017.

[5] Beena M Varghese, Binisha Balan,

Neethu Varghese, Reshma Gangadharan ,
Shaima, “Intelligent safety system for coal
miners”, International Journal of Engineernig
and Innovative Technology volume 4,Issue 9,
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[6] Kiran Kishore, E Narasimha, Y Shruti,

“Smart helmet for coal miners using zigbee
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[7] GARIMA TIWARI ,RUTUJA

KSHIRSAGAR , M.P.GAJARE,“Intelligent
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Technique”, JETIR Volume 5, Issue 5,
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[8] T Mary Santhi Sri, K Kranthi Kumar,

"Design and development of coal mine safety
system using wireless technology",volume
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[9] H. Fu, T. Wang and C. Yang,

"Intelligent Fuzzy Sensing System in Coal
Mine Safety Monitoring," 2009 Sixth
International Conference on Fuzzy Systems

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 Journal Publication of International Research for Engineering and Management
(JOIREM)
Volume: 05 Issue: 09 | Sept-2021

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