UNIT II

PLM/PDM
FUNCTIONS AND
FEATURES

PRODUCT LIFECYCLE
MANAGEMENT

ME-ED
 Functionality of the systems
• How do the systems cope at a practical level
with
– set objectives,
– staff wishes and
– the demands of the business environment?

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
• This success depends on several factors, but
– mainly on how well the user organization has
defined its own needs and goals
– and on how the commercial software available on
the market is fitted with these demands.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
• In the following, let us take a look at the
– Properties of product lifecycle management
systems and their development potential in their
deployment.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 PLM entities include
– Item management
– Product structure management and maintenance
– User privilege management
– Maintenance of the state or status of documents and items
– Information retrieval
– Change management
– Configuration management
– The management of tasks (messages), a k a workflow
management
– File/document management
– Information loss during updating is avoided
– Backup management
– History/System log
– File vault (electronic vault)

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 1. Management of the status/state of files
• Check out puts a flag in PLM Software that a file
has been downloaded for modification and no
one else may modify the file while it is checked
out, Well they can but their changes would be
outdated after you check in.
• Check in is the process of uploading your modified
checked out files back to the common space on
the PLM Software so others may see your
changes, it also removes the flag so others may
check now the file for further changes
• These functions are usually called the check out
and check in functions of the system.
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
1. Management of the status/state of files
• The designer prepares a CAD drawing, completes
the planning work on his own PC or workstation
and saves the finished file to the management of
the PLM system.
• He notifies the system of the attribute
information (Meta data), related to the file so that
it can be classified in the desired standard way
and placed in a suitable location in the system.
• Alternatively, this attribute information can be
retrieved from the heading field of the CAD
drawing and automatically copied to metadata.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 Status 0
2. Creating an item : not
started

Status
1: draft
Status
2: ready
for
checkin
g
Part File Status
Text File (.asm) 3:
checked
Status
4:
approve
d
Status
5:
release
d
Status
6: filed
– not
File Vault active
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
• The version is given a number or letter mark, for
example A, B, C, D.
• Usually only checked and released files are
recorded in the file vault, in which case the PLM
system keeps a log about the history of events
related to the document,
– in other words the system traces the items and
documents for:
• Viewing
• Copying
• Changes
• Commenting
• ECR (Engineering Change Request)
• ECO (Engineering Change Order)
• Printing

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
• An object version
is composed of
two elements: the
character to the
left of the decimal
is the revision,
and the character
to the right of the
decimal is the
iteration.
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 3. Distribution management
• Approved documents are distributed in a
process utilizing workflows.
• The PLM system takes care of the distribution
automatically according to the workflow
processes and principles defined to the
software.
• The product structure allows other related
documentation to be enclosed with a
document when a reference is needed.
• This helps PLM system users to handle larger
amounts of information when necessary.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
4. Searching and browsing information
• Information searches are made
possible through the classification
Engineers
of the information and are expend
facilitated by creating attributes 15–40% of
their
or help information, which working hours
describes each item and helps the in searching
and retrieving
system to analyze the information routine
information
on each item (e.g. document,
component, etc.) in the system.
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
•What is the status of each drawing in a certain project?
•What has changed in a certain document? Who made the change and when?
•What changes have been made in documents related to a given project within the
last two months?

•List all the resistors used in production, of which the resistance is greater than 5 Ω
but less than 10 Ω
•List all allowed suppliers for 20-Ω resistor RES123456

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
• Using Simple Search
Page 33
• Using Advanced Search Windchill Doc
• Using Advanced Search - Type Section
• Using Advanced Search - Context Section
• Using Advanced Search - Criteria Section
• Using Advanced Search - Nested Queries (AND , OR)
• Using Advanced Search - Related Object Search
• Advanced Search Report Template
• Search Results Table
• Faceted Search Results

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
5. The management and maintenance
of product structures
• Some Properties of
– Version management,
– structural presentation of information,
– Change management, as well as
– configuration management,
• are typically based on product structure management

Same product structure is examined from different viewpoint –

in different views – in different circumstances.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
Product structure from the engineering
point of view.
•Bicycle
•Tire
•Body
•Fender
•Pedals

•Chain
•Stickers

•Saddle

•Handlebar

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 Product structure from the
manufacturing point of view.
•Bicycle
•Fender
•Tire
•Saddle

•Body
•Pedals
•Chain

•Handlebar
•Stickers

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
• Modern PLM can handle several product structures for
the same product. However, can become impossible in
practice.
• Complex products, consisting of thousands of
components, become nightmares if information is
maintained at too exact a level, so a suitable level of
precision should be defined beforehand.
• Attribute information can be of three kinds:
– Individual product based information such as the
serial number of a sourced component in a certain
product
– Generic – regarding generic products, product,
assemblage, parts
– User-specific – remarks and notes
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
Attribute information for the product structure.
General attributes
•Bicycle Item number
•Tire Description
Version
•Body
•Fender Material

•Pedals
•Chain
•Stickers

•Saddle

•Handlebar

User / Site / Group based attributes

Supplier INDIA
Standard(s)
Standard of measure (Metric)
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
• Properties of product lifecycle management
systems
– Management of the status/state of files
– Creating an item
– Distribution management
– Searching and browsing information
– The management and maintenance of product
structures

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
6. Management of changes in documents, items
and structures (Change Management)
• It Provides
– Change processes for products in all those parts of
the organization
– Product process traceability for engineering
changes made to the design
• The change processes usually resemble the
previously described management item
status.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
• The change management tool brings
– Controlled changes – the change process takes
place in controlled manner.
– Information on completed and forthcoming
changes – the information distribution tool can be
e-mail, for example.
– Electronic system – streamlining and significantly
accelerating the change processes.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
– Well-controlled and timed changes to items
already in distribution and production
(components/documents) become possible in a
wide extent.
– Relations between the various pieces of product
information are retained in change situations.
For example, the impact of any design
change to a sub-assembly in all products

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
• The reason for the change can be,
– a perceived mistake in the design,
– an idea for a better functioning solution, or
– customer demand.
• The person presenting the ECR defines the subject of the
change, the items affected by the change, and a description
of the reasons for the change.
• An ECR can contain valid electric document with comments
and redlining.
• The ECR is delivered to the persons responsible for the
changes
• The change can be carried out without any change requests,
i.e. the ECO is made directly

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
Product structure and version history of the bicycle
CAD Drawing A
•Bicycle Version 5
•Tire CAD Drawing B

•Body CAD Drawing C

•Fender CAD Drawing D
•Pedals
•Chain

•Stickers

•Saddle Sticker file A

•Handlebar Sticker file B

Supplier A
Supplier B
Supplier C
Body Version A
Supplier D
Body Version B
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
7. The transfer of files and file type conversions
• User or reader of the file does not need to know
its actual location because the usage environment
can be LAN, WAN or the Internet.
• The system fetches the file, converts it, and
automatically opens it in a suitable application.
• The information has been often recorded in a
general standard format (for ex PDF) for
examination and viewing.
• Conversions of file type or saving format often
arise from the use of separate CAD and CAM
programs.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
8. Communication and management of
tasks or messages
• It form a foundation for Concurrent
Engineering.
• All its users get the relevant information about
all those actions.
• The system provides a communication forum
for daily working.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 9. Adopt PLM
• One can adapt PLM systems to the management of
(raster) image information.
• Companies often have a large archive of paper
drawings and paper documents from old
manufactured and maintained products, and from
production devices and facilities.
• These can be easily scanned into electronic form and
the management of the scanned information can be
moved to PLM systems.
• This greatly improves the controllability of the
archives and the distribution of the documentation.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 Recapitulate
• Properties of product lifecycle management
systems
– Management of the status/state of files
– Creating an item
– Distribution management
– Searching and browsing information
– The management and maintenance of product
structures
– Change Management
– The transfer of files and file type conversions
– Communication and management of tasks or
messages
– Adopt PLM
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
• Product development and engineering
• Production
• After sales
• Sales and marketing
• Sub-contracting
• Sourcing and procurement

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 PLM Solutions

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 Use of product lifecycle management
systems in different organization verticals
• Used by a wide variety of organizations, including
companies, communities, and government
institutions.
• Main stress in product lifecycle management
systems has long been in the area of planning,
design and engineering functions for the
manufacturing industry
• However evolution of PLM system has increased
their utilization also in sales, marketing, and,
especially, after sales.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 process of the product
on a generic and
abstract level

NPI Process Product maintenance and

Development Process

data / life cycle data

End product design
and configuration
Product structure

Existing product
Components

rules
Info Processing System

process of the
actual physical
product

Sales &
Procurement Manufacturing Delivery Service / Maintenance

Ownership of product data is divided between the PLM and ERP systems
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
• Information about components and parts to
be sourced and procured is delivered from the
product design to sourcing and procurement.
• Applicable configuration rules and structures
are also usually communicated very early from
design to sales
• Changes to the product design are transferred
to production,
• Product and spare part documentation to
after sales, during the maintenance phase of
the life cycle.
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 Product development and engineering
1. Management of documents - so that the desired
information is easily available and quickly
distributed
1. This increases the effectiveness of the engineering
and reduce mistakes.
2. Functional change management is also an essential
part of the flexible engineering organization,
2. Right information about changes goes to
production or to the contracting parties involved.
3. The third general task in this area is to ensure
the updating of the right document version

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 Production or manufacturing
• It has often been claimed that the possibilities for
utilizing PLM systems in production are limited.
• Interface b/w engineering and production can be
quite problematic from the organizational,
geographical and esp from the information flow
points of view.
• Change management tool – inform changes
• Integrated production – integrate the different
manufacturing systems with the engineering
tools.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 After sales
• Significance of this business has increased quite
noticeably.
• When products develop quickly, new product
versions are always appearing on the market. This
sets great demands on spare part sales, etcetera..
• In global markets, maintenance services are often
offered by local contracting parties and they must
have secure access to information.
• information PULL – distribution functioning on the
pulling principle: people finding and retrieving the
information they need.
Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 Sales and marketing
• Modular customer-specific product configurations
are always created with the help of preset
configuration rules
• Accelerates the creation of tenders, because the
necessary information can be quickly accessed.
• When customized products are sold to customers,
the product configurations are built by choosing
from the features wanted by the customer and
from property alternatives available in the sales
configurator so that the product matches the
wishes of the customer.
– meets the customer’s requirements
– Supplier has a faultless product structure

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 Sub-contracting (OEM)
• The needs of engineering sub-contracting
naturally differ from those of manufacturing
sub-contracting.
• The management of documents, conversion are
required (many s/w systems were used)
• Management of user privileges can be used to
give subcontractors direct access to the principal’s
information processing systems, to certain
document classes or work, so that they will have
selected rights (viewing rights)
• DXF, STEP, CALS, IGES, SGML and XML standards.

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 Sub-contracting

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 Sourcing and procurement
• The life cycles of products and components
are shortened.
• 80% of the cost of the product is determined
during the product development phase

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 PLM Business Objectives
Reduce Product Costs

Accelerate Time-to-Market

Increase Product Quality

Boost Customer Lifetime Value

Accurate & Timely Quoting

Ensure Ongoing Competitiveness

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"
 PLM Limitations
PLM does not fix broken
processes. PLM is only as
effective as your business
processes.

Maximize the value of PLM

•PLM Doesn't Fix Broken Processes by starting small with a
•Bigger Is Not Always Better
focus on connecting,
not replacing.
•Functionality is Not a Business Solution
PLM is often the tool of
choice to execute on
objectives What are you
going to use this powerful
tool for?

Reference "1.John stark 2.AnttiSaaksvuori and AnselmiImmonen “Product Lifecycle Management” Springer Publisher"