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Smart Money Concept

In the world of forex trading, understanding the movements and strategies of the market's most
influential players like banks and hedge funds—termed "smart money"—can provide retail traders
with a significant advantage. This FXOpen article offers a deep dive into the Smart Money Concept,
discussing how institutional investors influence market trends and how retail traders can align their
strategies with these market movers for potentially better outcomes.

Understanding the Smart Money Concept

The Smart Money Concept (SMC) centres on the principle that the movements of large institutional
investors in financial markets can offer valuable clues to retail traders about future market trends.

These institutional investors, often referred to as “smart money,” include banks, hedge funds, and
investment firms, wielding significant capital power to influence market directions. The core of SMC
lies in the belief that by observing and understanding the trading behaviours and patterns of these
entities, retail traders can align their trading strategies to potentially tap into more favourable
results.

In essence, SMC is not merely about following the “money” but understanding the strategic
placements and movements of these large volumes of capital. Institutional investors typically
conduct extensive research and possess a deep understanding of the market dynamics before
making substantial trades.

Their actions, therefore, are often indicative of a broader market sentiment or an impending
significant market move. By deciphering these signals, retail traders can gain insights into market
trends before they become obvious to the wider market.

Understanding SMC requires a shift in perspective from focusing solely on technical indicators and
price action to considering the market's psychological and strategic elements. For retail traders,
leveraging the Smart Money Concept means navigating the market with a more informed approach,
using the trails left by institutional investors as a path to smarter trading decisions.

Ideas in Smart Money Concept

The Smart Money Concept introduces several foundational ideas that provide traders with a
framework to interpret market movements through the lens of institutional activities.

Order Blocks

Represent areas where institutional investors have placed significant orders, usually in the form of a
range. These blocks often precede a strong market move in the direction of the block, serving as a
signpost for areas of interest to “smart money.” When the price returns back to this zone, it’ll often
reverse (similar to an area of support or resistance).
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Breaker Blocks

These are essentially failed order blocks. When an order block fails to hold the price, it breaks
through, potentially indicating that the “smart money” direction has changed. When the price breaks
above or below the order block, it can then act as a barrier for prices in the future (similar to the way
an area of support can become resistance and vice versa).

Breaks of Structure (BOS)

A BOS occurs when the price surpasses a significant high or low, indicating a potential change in
market trend. It signifies the end of one market phase and the beginning of another, offering clues
about “smart money”’s influence on market direction. Recognising BOS can be crucial for
determining trend direction.
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Change of Character (ChoCH)

This concept refers to a notable alteration in the market's behaviour, often seen through an abrupt
increase in volatility or a shift in price direction. A ChoCH usually follows a BOS, confirming a
potential trend reversal and suggesting a new phase of market sentiment driven by institutional
activities.

Fair Value Gaps (Imbalances)

These gaps represent areas on the chart where price moves quickly through, leaving a gap that
indicates an imbalance between supply and demand. Institutional traders often target these gaps for
potential returns, so prices tend to move back to fill them over time.

Liquidity

In the context of SMC, liquidity refers to the areas where “smart money” is likely to execute large
orders due to the availability of opposite market orders. These are areas where stop losses and stop
orders (to capture a breakout) are likely resting, usually around key highs or lows, trendlines, and
equal highs/lows. The concept states that “smart money” is likely to push the price into these areas
to execute large orders before the true market direction unfolds, as in a bull or bear trap.

Accumulations/Distributions

These phases indicate the period during which “smart money” is either accumulating (buying) or
distributing (selling) their positions. Rooted in the Wyckoff theory, an accumulation occurs at lower
price levels, often before a significant uptrend, while distribution takes place at higher price levels,
typically before a downtrend. Identifying these phases can provide insights into the future market
direction favoured by institutional investors.

Steps to Trade Smart Money Concepts in Forex

Trading SMC requires a nuanced understanding of market dynamics and the ability to interpret signs
of institutional involvement. Below, we’ll take an overview of the approach. Traders can apply these
steps to real-time forex charts on FXOpen’s free TickTrader platform.
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Determining the Trend Using Breaks of Structure (BOS)/Change of Character (ChoCH)

Traders can identify the market trend by observing BOS and ChoCH. A trend is typically recognised by
a series of higher highs/higher lows (uptrend) and lower lows/lower highs (downtrend).

Trend continuation is seen when there's a clear BOS, where the price surpasses a significant high or
low, signalling a shift in market direction. Following this, a ChoCH, an abrupt change in market
behaviour, may confirm the new trend. Identifying these elements allows traders to align with the
market's momentum, providing a strategic framework for setting a direction.

Identifying an Order Block

The next step involves pinpointing areas where institutional traders are likely participating, often
signalled by a BOS or ChoCH. Traders look for the range that initiated this shift (marking an order
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block), with increased odds of accuracy if there's a pronounced move away from the range to create
a fair-value gap or if it aligns with a breaker block.

The presence of liquidity near these points, or if it was targeted to initiate the BOS or ChoCH, can
further validate the significance of the order block. This phase is crucial for understanding where
large volumes of trades are being placed and where the price may revisit before continuing the
trend.

Finding an Entry Point

Once an order block is identified, finding a strategic entry point becomes the focus. Traders typically
either position limit orders at the edge of the block or await specific candlestick patterns, such
as hammers, shooting stars, or engulfing candles. These signals suggest a possible continuation of
the trend, providing a cue for entry. However, other tools, like Fibonacci retracements or indicators,
can also be used to identify an entry point within SMC.

SMC vs Price Action

The Smart Money Concept and price action are both popular trading strategies, yet they approach
the market from distinct angles. Price action focuses on analysing past and present price movements
to identify patterns or trends without considering external factors. It relies heavily on candlestick
patterns, chart formations, and support and resistance levels, making it a strategy based on the
technical aspects of trading. This approach is favoured for its simplicity and direct reliance on price
data, allowing traders to make decisions based on the immediate market environment.

On the other hand, SMC trading delves deeper into the underlying market dynamics, emphasising
the influence of institutional investors or “smart money.” It seeks to identify where these major
players are likely to enter or exit the market, using concepts like order blocks, liquidity zones, and fair
value gaps. Smart money strategies are grounded in the belief that understanding the actions of
institutional traders can give retail traders insights into potential market movements before they
become apparent to the wider market.
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While price action is straightforward and relies purely on technical analysis, SMC incorporates a more
strategic view, considering the psychological and strategic manoeuvres of the market's most
influential participants.

Traders might find price action appealing for its clarity and focus on the charts, whereas SMC offers a
deeper, albeit more complex, analysis of market forces. Integrating the two can provide a
comprehensive trading strategy, leveraging the simplicity and technical focus of price action with the
strategic depth offered by SMC.

The Bottom Line

The Smart Money Concept bridges the gap between retail traders and the elusive strategies of
institutional investors, offering a structured approach to deciphering market movements. By
understanding and applying SMC principles, traders can navigate the forex market with potentially
greater insight and confidence. Opening an FXOpen account provides an excellent avenue for traders
eager to apply these advanced concepts in a live trading environment, setting the stage for more
informed and strategic trading decisions.

FAQs

What Is the Smart Money Concept?

The Smart Money Concept (SMC) is a trading strategy focused on understanding and leveraging the
market movements initiated by institutional investors, such as banks and hedge funds. It posits that
by identifying the trading behaviours of these major players, retail traders can make more informed
decisions.

What Is SMC Strategy in Trading?

The SMC forex strategy involves identifying patterns and signals that indicate the involvement of
institutional investors. This includes analysing order blocks, liquidity zones, breaks of structure (BOS),
changes of character (ChoCH), and fair value gaps. By aligning with these signals, traders aim to
position their trades in harmony with the actions of the “smart money.”

Which Timeframe to Use for SMC Trading?

The choice of timeframe in SMC trading should align with the trader's goals and strategy. Short-term
traders may prefer 1-hour or 4-hour charts for quicker insights, while long-term traders might opt for
daily or weekly charts to capture broader market trends influenced by institutional movements.

Is SMC Better Than Price Action?

SMC and price action cater to different aspects of market analysis. While a smart money strategy
focuses on institutional movements, price action concentrates on the patterns formed by the price
itself. Neither is inherently better; their effectiveness depends on the trader's strategy, market
understanding, and comfort with the concepts. Integrating both can offer a comprehensive approach
to market analysis.