hey LEARNING MATERIALS IN DISASTER. READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION December 02 = 06, 2024 Week 1 Second Semester Fist Quarter Basic Concept of Diasfer and Disaster Risk ‘© Conceptof Disaster © Disaster Rsk 42 Nature and Effects of Disaster Content Standard: | The leamers demonstrate an understanding of the concept of disaster. The leamers shall be able te relate the concep! of disaster with daily ife. The leamer shallbe able to: ‘* Explain the meaning of disaster ‘Code: DRRI1/12-1a-b-1 '* Differentiate the risk factors underlying disasters ‘Code: DRRI1/12-1a-b-2 ‘* Describe the effects of disasters on one's life * Code: DRR11/12-1a-b-3 Ill, LEARNING RESOURCES ‘A. Reference/s '* Rolly €. Rimando (2016). Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction, pages 1-6. REX Book Store, 8. Online Learning = Shawn Ryan Tambongeo. (2020, September 26). The Big One | Disaster Resource/s rik reduction management Film Phiippines | Shawn Ryan Tambongco [Video]. YouTube. htips://www.voutube.com/watchév=USYiZri 3h3k * Santosh Kalwar Quote: “Nebody can stop natural disaster. we are the couse and we are _—sthe.:~—sremedy.’ (n.d) https://quotefancy.com/auote/262647 /Santosh-Kolwar-Nobody-can- stop-natural-disaster-we-ore-the-cause-and-we-are-the-remed) DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION: Basic Concept of Disaster and Disaster RiskWhat is DISASTER? Disaster is a sudden, calamitous event, bringing great damage, loss, destruction and devastation to life and property” Philippines: A Country Prone to Natural Disasters The Philippines has experienced from an inexhaustible number of deadly earthquakes, volcano eruptions, and other natural disasters. This is due to its, location along the Ring of Fire, a large Pacific Ocean region where many volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur. What is the difference between hazard and disaster? HAZARD VERSUS DISASTER Examples: Iyproon = ASTER A dangerous situation that | An event that complete! Chemical spit = HAZARD Taunom = DISASTER poses.a threat to human | causes damage to human Enno DISASTER i and propert War Conficts = Wazao MeHg” WAzARO oe Re eer) Oe ee enn) Peete nani have led it to eee happen What is Disaster Risk? Disaster risk is the probability that a community's structure or geographic area is to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of a particular hazard, on account of its nature, construction and proximity to a hazardous area. Itis derived from the interaction of social and environmental processes, from the combination of physical hazards and the vulnerability of exposed elements. DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION: Basic Concept of Disaster and Disaster Risk Pagel2Elements of Disaster Risk Hazard x Exposure x Vulnerability = RISK VULNERABILITY. HOW CAN WE REDUCE RISK? Sucoptiability to damage ‘and capacity to cope with/adaptto ‘disturbances, osu aA ‘Communities and seni ero, instricve ened Scatens | Staal Tetlbmecy rn slong coastal a Secon Semeeees “Siete ow lying areas tet eprint then ‘aun ds Natural Disasters These originate from the different “forces” of nature. Natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, lyphoons, and cyclones affect many countries in Asia particularly the Philiopir Human-made Disasters These disasters occur due to people's cctions ageinst human, material and envionment. These include transport and industrial accidents. such as. air and train crashes. chemical spills, and building collapses. Terrorism is also categorized as human-made disaster. Types of Disasters “Disasters can take mony different forms and duration can range from an hour to days or weeks of ongoing destruction.” Natural Types of Disasters Agricultural diseases ‘+ Tomadoes + Storm surge ‘= Tsunamis © Drought and water shortage — = Wildfires Nifio + Sinkholes © Earthquakes ‘+ Emergency diseases (pandemic + Hurricanes and tropical storms influenza) © Landslide and debris flow ‘+ Extreme heat + Thunderstorm an ‘* Floods and flash floods * lightning = LaNina Human-Made and Technological lypes of Disaster Hazardous materials ‘+ Chemical and biclogical Power service disruption and ‘weapons blackout + Cyberattacks + Nuclear power plant and nuclear ‘+ Explosion blast + Civilunrest * Radiological emergencies DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION: Basic Concept of Disaster and Disaster Risk Pa/ 3K FACTORS UNDERLYING DISASTER Several factors make it more likely that those affected will have more severe or longer-lasting stress reactions after disaster. ‘A. SEVERITY OF EXPOSURE The amount of exposure to the disaster is highly related to risk of future mental problems. At highest risk are those that go through the disaster themselves. Injury and life ‘threat are the factors that lead most often to mental neaith problerrs. B. AGE ‘Adults who are in the age range of 40-60 are likely o be more distressed after disaster. The thinking is that if one is in that age range, he/she has more demands rom job and family. Research on how children react to natural disaster is sil limited at this Point in time. In general, children show more severe distress ater disasters than do adults. Higher siress in tne parents is related to worse recovery in children. C. DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Disastersin developing countries, lke Philippines, have more severe mental health impact than de disasters in developed countries. Thisis true even less serious disaster. For ‘example, natural disasters are generally thought to be less serious than human caused. In developing countries, however, naturcl disasters have more severe effects than do human-caused disaster in developed countries D. LOW OR NEGATIVE SOCIAL SUPPORT Social support can weaken after disaster. This may be due to stress and the need for members of the support network to get on with their own lives. Sometimes the responses from others disaster victims rely on for support cre negative. For example, someone may play down their problems, needs, or pain, or expect them to recover more quickly than realistic. This is strongly linked to long-term distress in trauma survivor. EFFECTS OF NATURAL DISASTERS ON HUMAN LIFE 1. DISPLACED POPULATIONS ‘One of the mostimmediate effects of natural disasters is population displacement. When couniries are ravaged by earthquakes or other powerful forces of nature like floods and super lyphoors, many people have to abendon their homes and seek shelter in other regions. A large influx of refugees can disrupt accessibiity of health care and ‘education, as well as food supplies and clean water. 2. HEALTH RISKS Aside from the obvious immediate danger that notural disaster present, the secondary effects can be just as damaging. Severe flooding canresutt in stagnant water that allows breeding of waterbone bacteria and malaria-carrying mosquitoes. Dengue fever is another serious health problem caused by mosquitoes (Aegis egypti). Without ‘emergency relief from the intemational aid organizations and others, death tolls can rise even after the immediate danger has passed. DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION: Basic Concept of Disaster and Disaster Risk agel43. FOOD SCARCITY After natural disasters, food offen becomes scarce. Thousands of people around the word go hunary os a result of destroyed crops and loss of caricultural supplies, whether it happens suddenly in a storm or gradually in a drought. As result, food prices tise, reducing families’ purchasing power and increasing the risk of severe malnutrition. The impact of hunger following an earthquake, typhoon or humicane can be ‘tremendous, causing lifelong damage to children’s development. 4, EMMOTIONAL AFTERSHOCKS. Natural disasters can be particularly traumatic for young children. Confronted with scenes of destruction and the deaths of frends and loved ones, many children develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a serious psychological condition resulting from ‘extreme trauma. Left untreated, children suffering from PSTD can be prone to lasting psychological damage and emotional distress. Prepared by: Checked by: MAR. CRISTAN M, VIESCA MS. ELMER A. CRUZ, JR. Subject Teacher, DRRR STL, MAPEH Area. DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION: Basic Concept of Disaster and Disaster Risk Pagel