GRAMMAR PRACTICE

1A The verb be
We use the verb be to say who people are and to give other information about them 1 Complete the sentences with the correct affirmative
(for example, where they are from, what job they do, where they are, how they are). form of the verb be.
I’m Juan. I’m Mexican. 1 She Brazilian.
This is Michel. He’s from France. 2 They from Argentina.
My sister is a teacher. She’s in the classroom. 3 Pedro in the classroom.
How are you? I’m fine. 4 Fabio and Daniele here.
We also use the verb be to talk about ages. 5 I 27.
6 My name Yara.
I’m 25.
7 We students.
We add not after the verb be to make the negative: ’m not, ’re not, and ’s not. We can 8 My teachers American.
also use the forms aren’t for ’re not, and isn’t for ’s not. We form questions by putting
the verb before the subject. 2 Read the information.
Complete the questions
The full forms of the verb be are am, is, and are. We don’t use contractions in short and write the short answers
answers. (e.g. Yes, she is).

I he / she / it you / we / they Fiona Murray is a student in

1.4
Montreal, Canada. She’s 22
+ I’m Spanish. Tom’s from Chicago. You’re Japanese. years old. She’s from Boston,
I’m not Portuguese. Maria’s not / isn’t We’re not / aren’t in the state of Massachusetts.
−
Australian. from Vietnam. Her parents are Irish.
? Am I from Canada? Is she from New York? Are you from Turkey? 1 her name Fiona?
Yes, I am. / No, I’m Yes, she is. / No, she’s Yes, we are. / No,
Y/N
not. not / isn’t. we’re not / aren’t. 2 she 23 years old?

We use the contraction ’s with third person singular nouns, names, and pronouns. 3 she a student?
My sister’s here.
Sabine’s here. 4 she from Montreal?
She’s here.
5 her parents Canadian?
We use the contraction ’re with you, we, and they.
You’re my friend. 6 her parents from Ireland?
We’re Colombian.
They’re from Brazil.
3 Complete the conversation. Use contractions where
But we use are with plural nouns and names.
possible.
My friends are from Brazil.
A Nice to meet you. My name 1 Carla.
Gina and Laura are German.
B Nice to meet you, too. I 2 William.
We use the contractions ’s not or isn’t with he, she, and it, and ’re not A Where 3 you from?
or aren’t with you, we, and they. B I 4 from China. 5 you from
He’s not/He isn’t here. Italy?
They’re not/They aren’t here. A No, I 6 from Italy. I 7 from
We usually use aren’t with plural nouns and names. Argentina.
Gina and Laura aren’t Brazilian. B8 you here with your family?
A No, I 9 . They 10 at home.

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE

1C Possessive adjectives and ’s for

possession 1 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 She / Her is 48.
Possessive adjectives 2 They / Their names are Maria and Lucy.
We use possessive adjectives before nouns to say that something belongs 3 Her / She keys are in the car.
to someone. 4 I’m you / your teacher for today.
It’s my wallet. 5 We / Our tickets are in his wallet.
This is your book. 6 He / His is from Vietnam.
This is her phone. 7 I / My last name is Moszkowski.
Where is his bag? 8 Is his / he umbrella black?
Is this our umbrella? 2 Complete the sentences with possessive adjectives.
This is their car.
1 Marie and Sylvain are French. family is
Subject Possessive
from Paris.
1.12 pronoun adjective 2 This is wallet. Look, here’s your identity
card.
I my I’m Spanish. My name is Raúl.
3 I am Chinese. family is from Beijing.
you your Are you ready? Your taxi’s here. 4 Italy is famous for food.
he his He’s a great teacher. His students are 5 classmates are from all over the world. We
young. have interesting discussions in class.
she her She’s at work, but her handbag is at home. 6 She’s the mom in my host family. name is
Tamara.
it its It’s a great city. I like the city for its
7 He’s my Spanish friend. name is Marcos.
beaches.
8 What’s last name, Megan?
we our We’re from the U.S., but our son is British.
they their They’re not here. Their train is late. 3 Correct and write the statements and questions. Use ’s
or an apostrophe (’) to indicate possession.
We use the same possessive adjective for singular and plural nouns. 1 Are these your sister glasses?
It’s my pen. They’re my pens.
This is their car. These are their cars. 2 Benedict is Millie boyfriend.

’s for possession 3 My mothers books are in my bag.

We add ’s to a singular name or noun to say that something belongs to someone.

4 Our teacher name is Susanna.
Tom’s book is here.
Where are Lisa’s bags? 5 My parents new car is an Audi.
This is the teacher’s desk.
We don’t usually use ’s to say that something belongs to a thing. We use of. 6 Our children favorite TV show is The Simpsons.
The front of the bus.
The end of the vacation.
With regular plural nouns that end in -s, we use an apostrophe (’) after the -s to talk
about possession.
These are the students’ books.
My friends’ names are Lucy and Samir.
With irregular plural nouns, we use ’s to talk about possession.
The children’s books are in the classroom.
The women’s soccer team are the champions.
Where are the men’s bags?

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE

2A Simple present: affirmative and negative

We use the simple present to talk about: 1 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
• facts. 1 Adam have / has a job in a garage.
I’m Italian. 2 Dean likes Mexico, but he don’t / doesn’t like Mexico
We live in New York. City.
He doesn’t work at a restaurant. 3 Tyler speak / speaks French, but he doesn’t speak German.
• regular routines. 4 Carla works in the evening, but she doesn’t work /
I work every day. works on the weekend.
We go to the movies on the weekend. 5 Barbara and Fatima teach / teaches Spanish at a college.
They get up at 10 on Sundays. 6 We doesn’t have / don’t have an office in New York.

We form negatives with don’t/doesn’t + the base form of the verb. 2 Complete the sentences with the correct affirmative
form of the verbs in the box.
2.3 I / you / we / they he / she / it
watch serve start cut help finish work
+ We work in a hospital. Laura works in an office. go live
I teach English. He teaches Japanese.
1 I in an apartment in Rio de Janeiro.
They have a new car. She has a beautiful apartment.
2 He’s a waiter. He the food.
You make great coffee. Simon makes good tea. 3 My sister is a hairdresser. She people’s hair.
– We don’t work in a school. Paul doesn’t work in a store. 4 They for a bank in the city.
I don’t teach French. He doesn’t teach in a school. 5 Elena tourists. She gives them information.
6 We to work every morning by bus.
They don’t have a yard. She doesn’t have a dog.
7 Karl TV every evening.
You don’t love your job. Damian doesn’t love his girlfriend.
8 Sara work at 9 a.m. and she
at 5 p.m.
We usually add -s to the verb to make the third person singular (he/she/it) form.
He serves food in the restaurant. 3 Look at the information and complete the affirmative
She loves her job. and negative sentences about Emma.
Ivan sings at festivals. work: in a hospital in a store
Camilla helps her parents on the weekend. go to work: by bus by car
finish work: at 4 p.m. at 5:30 p.m.
Spelling rules for third person singular (he/she/it) help: tourists customers
We usually add -s to the base form.
work ⇨ works
When the verb ends in a consonant + y, we change the y to i
and then we add -es.
study ⇨ studies
When the verb ends in -sh, -ch, -x or -s, we add -es.
finish ⇨ finishes watch ⇨ watches
Some verbs are irregular.
go ⇨ goes do ⇨ does have ⇨ has

1 Emma in a hospital.
She in a store.
2 She by bus.
She by car.
3 She at 4 p.m.
She at 5:30 p.m.
4 She tourists.
She customers.

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE

2C Simple present: questions

We use questions in the simple present to ask about things that are facts, or regular 1 Put the words in the correct order to make questions.
routines. We form questions in the simple present with do/does + subject + base form. 1 like / you / do / Spanish / food / ?
Do you like soccer?
Does she live in a big apartment? 2 in / Santiago / does / Sandra / live / ?
Does he work on the weekend?
Do they go out a lot? 3 they / do / Hong Kong / work / in / ?
We form short answers with Yes/No, + subject + do/does/don’t/doesn’t.
4 Eric / does / drive / a car / ?
Yes, I do.
No, I don’t.
5 finish / do / we / at / 5 p.m. / ?
Yes, she does.
No, she doesn’t
6 do / teach / English / you / ?

2.12 I / you / we / they he / she / it

2 Look at the short answers to the questions in exercise 1.
? Do they live in the city? Does he live with you?
Correct the mistakes.
Do we have more time? Does it have a yard?
1 Yes, I like.
Do you work at a café? Does she work at a hotel?
2 Yes, she do.
Y/N Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t. 3 No, they not.
4 No, he don’t.
If we want more information, we put a question word (what, where, when, why, who, 5 Yes, we does.
how, etc.) before do/does at the start of the question. 6 Yes, I teach.
Where do you live?
3 Write questions.
Who do you live with?
What does he do on the weekend?
How do you get to work?
When does the class start?
Why do you like soccer?

1 you / come from Australia

2 your apartment / have / a TV

3 you / like movies

4 when / you / go to work

5 where / your best friend / live

6 what / she / do

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE

3A Frequency adverbs and expressions

We use frequency adverbs with the simple present to talk about routines and 1 Rewrite the sentences. Put the frequency adverbs in
how often we do things. the correct places.
100% 1 My father reads the newspaper. (always)

always I always watch TV on the weekend.

2 My aunt has lunch with friends. (often)

usually I usually read the newspaper on the weekend. 3 My cousin is at home in the evening. (usually)

4 They work on the weekend. (sometimes)

often I often go for a walk on the weekend.
5 I go to the movies. (never)
sometimes I sometimes study English on the weekend.
6 I’m very busy. (often)

hardly ever I hardly ever drink coffee.

2 Complete the sentences. Put one word in each
sentence.
never I never watch soccer on the weekend.
0%
We usually put frequency adverbs before the main verb.
I always listen to the radio in the car. NOT Always I listen to the radio in the car,or
I listen always to the radio in the car.
But we usually put frequency adverbs after the verb be.
They’re never late. NOT They never are late.
We use How often … ? to ask about how frequently actions happen.
How often do you go out for dinner?
We also use frequency expressions with the simple present to talk about regular habits
and routines.
I visit my parents every day.
I visit my grandparents twice a week. 1 I go to the gym day.
I visit my cousins once a year. 2 We go on vacation three times a – in
March, May, and October.
3.5 3 I see my grandparents twice week.
4 I usually have a cup of coffee a day – with
every
day. breakfast and after lunch.
once a
week. 5 My dad plays golf three a week.
I go to the movies twice a
month. 6 My brother visits me twice a week, but my sister only
three times a
year. visits me a week.
four times a
3 Correct the sentences.
Once means “one time” and twice means “two times.” 1 Never Sam listens to music.
We usually use frequency expressions at the end of a sentence. We sometimes
use them at the start of a sentence. 2 Always the apartments here are nice.

I visit my cousins once a year.

3 We eat out hardly ever on Saturdays.
Once a year, I visit my cousins.
NOT I once a year visit my cousins.
4 Lidia drives to work every days.

5 We see our cousins four or five times year.

6 I go to the theater once time a month.

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE

3C love, like, hate, enjoy, don’t mind +

noun/-ing form 1 Complete the sentences with the -ing form of the verb
We use love, like, hate, enjoy, and don’t mind to say if we feel positively or negatively in parentheses.
about something. 1 They like new places. (visit)
2 I like time with my family. (spend)
The verbs love, like, and enjoy have a positive meaning.
3 He doesn’t like . (swim)
I love tennis. 4 She hates dinner. (make)
I like basketball. 5 Does Freya like ? (drive)
I enjoy swimming. 6 I love on the beach. (run)
The verb don’t mind has a neutral meaning. 7 Do you like a student? (be)
I don’t mind working on the weekend. 8 My parents love photos. (take)
Soraya doesn’t mind cats. 2 Complete the sentences with love, like, don’t mind, don’t
The verbs don’t like/don’t enjoy and hate have a negative meaning. like, hate, and the -ing form of the verbs in the box.
I don’t like going to the gym.
work go meet play make cook learn listen
Emil hates watching soccer.
We use a noun or the -ing form of a verb after these verbs. (We can also use the
infinitive after love, like, and hate.)

3.9
I love tennis. / playing tennis.
I enjoy museums. / visiting museums.
I like dogs. / walking my dog.
I don’t mind rock music. / listening to rock music.
I don’t like Indian food. / eating Indian food.
I hate soccer. / watching soccer. 1 They
Japanese food.
2 Sadiq in
Spelling rules for the -ing form a bank.
We usually add -ing to the base form of the verb. 3 I French.
play ⇨ playing talk ⇨ talking 4 Tania
clothes.
When a verb ends in consonant + e, we usually remove the e and then
5 I my
add -ing.
friends in town.
take ⇨ taking live ⇨ living
6 We golf.
BUT be ⇨ being
7 Liam
When a one-syllable verb ends in a vowel + a consonant, we double the shopping.
consonant and then add -ing.
8 I to the radio.
sit ⇨ sitting plan ⇨ planning
When a one-syllable verb ends in a vowel + a consonant, we double the 3 Read the sentences. Check ( ) the ones that are
consonant and then add -ing. correct. Rewrite the incorrect ones.
sit ⇨ sitting plan ⇨ planning 1 I love American movies.

2 Do you like cook?

3 Pedro doesn’t like basketball.

4 I hate be late.

5 Tomiko enjoys to play soccer.

6 I love talking to my friends.

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE

4A Prepositions of time
We use different prepositions to make common time expressions. 1 Complete the sentences with in, on, at, or from … to.
1 I usually take a shower the evening.
4.2 2 Charles does his homework night.
Preposition We use this with … Example 3 I’m at work 8:30 6:30 every
day.
in the + parts of the day in the morning(s)
4 They visit their cousins New Year’s Day.
in the afternoon(s)
5 We always go out Friday nights.
in the evening(s)
6 Is it hot here August?
the + seasons in the winter 7 The days are short the winter.
in the spring 8 What do you like doing the weekend?
in the summer
in the fall 2 Read the text and underline eight mistakes. Write the
correct prepositions below the text.
months of the year in January
in September
on days of the week on Monday(s)
on Tuesday(s)
days and parts of the day on Thursday morning(s)
on Saturday night(s)
on Friday evening(s)
on New Year’s Day
the weekend on the weekend / on weekends
at times at 6 o’clock
at 11:30
midnight/noon/night at midnight
at noon / noon Every day, from Monday in Friday, I get up at 6:30.
at night I leave the house at 7:30, and I start work on 8:15. I
festivals at Thanksgiving don’t work on Friday afternoons. I finish work in noon.
at New Year’s On July and August, it’s very hot. I usually go to the
from … to days from Wednesday to Sunday swimming pool with my children in the afternoons,
months from January to June and in night, we go for a walk.
times from 6:30 to 9:00 In the weekend, I don’t get up early. At Saturday
years from 2000 to 2006 mornings, I go running on 11, and then my wife and I
make lunch. On Sundays, we usually take the children
Look! at night NOT in night BUT on Friday night to visit my parents or my wife’s parents.
1 4 7
2 5 8
We use these time expressions at the start or at the end of a sentence. We use a
3 6
comma after them if they are at the start.
I usually get up at 7:30. 3 Write sentences. Add prepositions.
At 7:30, I usually get up. 1 I visit my grandparents / the weekend
I have an Italian class on Wednesday evening.
On Wednesday evening, I have an Italian class. 2 February / we usually go skiing
We can use plurals for days, parts of the day, and weekend if we talk about things
that we do regularly. 3 I usually stop for a cup of coffee / noon

I don’t work on the weekend / on weekends.

4 Wednesday evenings / my sister does yoga
In the morning / In the mornings, I often go running before work.

5 Carlos works / Monday / Saturday

6 My daughter’s birthday is / the spring

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE

4C Present continuous
We use the present continuous to talk about: 1 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.
• things that are happening now. 1 using / the computer / Ella / is / ?
I’m taking a shower.
It’s raining. 2 parents / I / visiting / am / my
What are you reading?
• things that are temporary. 3 reading / Matt / the newspaper / is
We’re staying at a hotel.
I’m not working this week. 4 isn’t / my / working / phone

We form the present continuous with the verb be + the -ing form of the main verb.
5 staying / we / are / at a hotel / this weekend

4.9 I he / she / it you / we / they 6 you / going / where / are / ?

+ I’m getting dressed. He’s getting dressed. We’re getting dressed.
I’m not watching TV. She’s not watching We’re not watching 2 Complete the sentences with the correct present
–
TV. TV. continuous forms of the verbs in parentheses.
? Am I sleeping? Is she sleeping? Are they sleeping? 1 I dinner
Yes, I am. / No, I’m Yes, she is. / No, she’s Yes, they are. / No, right now. (have)
Y/N
not. not/isn’t. they’re not/aren’t. 2 We to the
beach now. (go)
3 The Internet
Spelling rules for the -ing form
today. (not work)
We usually add -ing to the base form of the verb. 4 Tim a shower? (take)
play ⇨ playing talk ⇨ talking 5 She a coat
When a verb ends in consonant + e, we usually remove the e today. (not wear)
and then add -ing. 6 What you ? (do)
take ⇨ taking live ⇨ living 7 I today
BUT be ⇨ being because it’s Saturday. (not study)
8 I in the right place? (sit)
When a one-syllable verb ends in a vowel + a consonant, we double the
consonant and then add -ing. 3 Look at the picture. Use the words to make questions
sit ⇨ sitting plan ⇨ planning and write true short answers.

Look! We often use the present continuous with time expressions such as
(right) now, today and this week/month/year.
I’m having breakfast right now.
I’m studying a lot this month.

1 they / talk

2 they / have / a good time

3 it / snow

4 it / rain

5 she / carry / an umbrella

6 he / wear / glasses

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE

5A Simple present and present continuous

We use the simple present to talk about facts and things that happen regularly. 1 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences
Sam lives in Australia. and questions.
We wear a uniform at work. 1 What do you do / are you doing right now?
I usually wake up at six o’clock. 2 Is he going / Does he go there often?
We use the present continuous to talk about things that are happening now, or are 3 They’re working / work late tonight.
temporary. 4 I never read / ’m never reading books.
5 I’m studying / study in my bedroom now.
I’m wearing blue pants today.
6 Most people finish / are finishing school at eighteen
I’m going to work by car today.
or nineteen years old.
My friend is living in New York right now.
We often use the simple present and present continuous together to contrast the 2 Complete the sentences with the simple present or
usual situation with what is happening now, or is temporary. present continuous form of the verbs in parentheses.
1 I right now. (read)
2 He to New York three times a year. (go)
5.2 Present simple and present continuous
3 They us every summer. (visit)
It usually doesn’t rain in the summer, but it’s raining today. 4 How Erica to work today? (get)
I usually wear jeans to work, but today I’m wearing a suit. 5 I coffee very often. (not drink)
I often don’t cook, but I’m cooking every evening this week. 6 We a really good TV series right now.
(watch)
There are some verbs that describe a state, not an action. We normally don’t use 7 I usually juice for breakfast. (have)
these verbs in the present continuous. 8 Please be quiet – the baby . (sleep)
I prefer this music. NOT I’m preferring this music. 3 Read the information. Then complete the text
Sorry, I don’t understand. NOT Sorry, I’m not understanding.I about James.
have some new sandals. NOT I’m having some new sandals.

Look! Here are some common state verbs:

Feelings: like, love, hate, want, prefer, need
Thoughts and opinions: know, believe, remember, forget, understand, think
States: be, belong, have (when we talk about relationships or possessions)

James usually 1 tea and toast for

breakfast. He 2 a suit. He 3
all day. This week, James is on vacation. He
4 coffee and croissants for
breakfast. He 5 shorts and a T-shirt.
He 6 a great time!

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE

5C can and can’t

We use can and can’t to talk about: 1 Look at the chart and complete the sentences with
• ability. can or can’t.
I can swim.
Craig Helen Manuel Silvia
My brother can play the guitar.
I can’t speak Italian. cook ✔ ✔ ✘ ✔
My sister can’t cook. play
✔ ✘ ✔ ✘
• possibility. tennis
You can make money from your hobby. drive ✔ ✔ ✔ ✘
It can snow here in the winter. speak
✘ ✘ ✘ ✔
You can’t get there by bus. French
• permission. 1 Craig cook, but he speak
You can take my umbrella. French.
We can sit here. 2 Helen play tennis, but she drive.
We can’t park on this street. 3 Craig, Helen, and Manuel speak French.
You can’t use this gym if you’re not a member. 4 Manuel cook, but he drive.
To make questions with can, we put can before the subject. We use the same form 5 Silvia cook and speak French.
for all people. 6 Craig, Helen, and Manuel drive.

I / you / he / she / it / we / they 2 Write short answers to the questions about the people
5.8
in exercise 1.
+ I can play the piano.
1 Can Silvia drive?
They can go to the city by bus. 2 Can Craig play tennis?
We can finish work early today. 3 Can Helen cook?
– She can’t speak Japanese. 4 Can Manuel speak French?
They can’t work at night. 5 Can Helen and Silvia play tennis?
6 Can Craig and Manuel drive?
You can’t walk on the grass.
? Can she play the guitar? 3 Complete the sentences about the pictures. Use can
or can’t and the phrases in the box.
Can you come to my party?
Can we park the car here? walk on the grass ride a bike on this street
Y/N Yes, we can. / No, we can’t. pay with a credit card park here for one hour

1 2
Look! The full form of can’t is cannot. We don’t often use cannot; can’t is
the usual negative form.
I can’t meet you tonight. NOT I cannot meet you tonight.
CREDIT CARDS
ACCEPTED
1 hour

3 4

1 You
2 You
3 You
4 You

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE

6A there is/there are, some/any/no,

prepositions of place 1 Read the advertisement and then complete the sentences
We use there is to say that something singular exists. with there’s a/there are and there’s/there are no.
There’s a sofa in the living room.
Third-floor two-bedroom apartment in a popular area
There’s a small balcony in my apartment.
near stores and a park. Five-minute walk to subway
We use there are for the plural form. station. Living room with big windows. Kitchen,
There are five people in my family. bathroom (shower only, no bathtub). Empty – ready
There are three bedrooms in her apartment. to move in!
We use some and any with plural nouns. We use some in affirmative sentences when
more than one thing or person exists, but we don’t say exactly how many. 1 two bedrooms.
2 a bathroom.
There are some chairs in the classroom.
3 backyard, but a park
There are some new students in our class.
near the apartment.
I have some books in my bag.
4 some big windows in the living room.
We use any in negative sentences and questions with plural nouns. We use no after 5 bathtub in the bathroom.
an affirmative verb and with a singular or plural noun. 6 people in the apartment right now.
There are no tables. / There aren’t any tables. 7 some stores near the apartment.
I have no brothers or sisters. / I don’t have any brothers or sisters. 8 a subway station near the apartment.
Are there any shelves in the bedroom?
2 Complete the questions and answers about an apartment.
Singular nouns Plural nouns 1 garage in your apartment building?
6.3
No, .
+ There’s a shelf in my bedroom. There are some shelves in the kitchen. 2 shelves in the living room?
There’s no chair in my There are no / There aren’t any Yes, .
– 3 basement that you can use?
bedroom. chairs in the kitchen.
Yes, .
Is there a cabinet in your Are there any cabinets in the kitchen? 4 sofa in the living room?
?
bedroom? Yes, .
Yes, there is. / No, there’s not/ Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t. 5 good restaurants in the area?
Y/N No, .
there isn’t.
6 schools for the children?
Yes, .
Prepositions of place
6.7 We use prepositions of place to describe location. 3 Look at the floor plan of a house. Complete the
sentences with prepositions of place.
The window is across from the door.
front yard

living kitchen dining

room room

backyard
front yard

bedroom bathroom bedroom

in front of under next to in 1 The kitchen is the bathroom.

2 The bathroom is the two bedrooms.
3 The dining room is the kitchen.
4 There is a small yard the house.
5 There is a large yard the house.
6 There are some trees the large yard.

on between behind across from

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE

6C Modifiers 1 Rewrite the sentences. Put the modifier in parentheses

in the correct place.
We use modifiers with adjectives to make them stronger or weaker.
1 The beach is busy today. (very)

2 The stadium is full at the moment. (not very)

3 You can buy beautiful presents at the market. (really)

4 This is an old apartment building. (pretty)

5 This café is expensive. (not … at all)

6 I’m reading an interesting book right now. (pretty)

2 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

2 a / bathroom / there / large / is / pretty
It’s really/very big. It’s pretty big.
3 a / skyscraper / I / in / very / tall / work

4 I / street / on / a / live / quiet / pretty

5 clothes / are / these / very / expensive

6 sister / at / isn’t / my / busy / all

7 food / good / the / isn’t / very

3 Look at Andy’s review of his vacation. Complete the

sentences about it using modifiers and the adjectives
in parentheses.
It’s not very big. It’s not big at all.

We use really and very to make an adjective stronger. old town

The city is really big. beautiful
The market is very busy on Saturdays. busy
We use pretty and not very to make an adjective weaker. If we use pretty, the adjective restaurants
has the same meaning, but is weaker. If we use not very, the adjective has the opposite expensive
meaning. good food
The bridge is pretty old. beaches
The apartment’s not very old. = The apartment is pretty new. crowded
We use not + adjective + at all to give a strong opposite meaning to an adjective. clean
The beach isn’t crowded at all. = The beach is very empty. • good for families
The restaurant’s not expensive at all. = The restaurant is very cheap. • cheap

6.12 The old town is 1 really beautiful (beautiful),

modifier + adjective modifier + adjective + (singular) noun but it’s 2 (busy). The restaurants
are 3 (expensive), and
The house is really/very beautiful. It’s a really/very beautiful house.
the food is 4 (good). The
The house is pretty beautiful. It’s a pretty beautiful house. beaches are 5 (crowded),
The house isn’t very beautiful. It’s not a very beautiful house. but they’re 6 (clean). It’s
7 (good) place for families because it’s 8
The house isn’t beautiful at all. It’s not a beautiful house at all.
(cheap) place to stay.

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 VOCABULARY PRACTICE
GRAMMAR PRACTICE
1A Countries and nationalities 1A Numbers 1–1,000
1 1.2 Complete the chart with the nationalities in the box. Listen 1 1.7 Write the missing numbers. Listen and check.
and check.
0 zero/oh 21 twenty-one
Portuguese British Mexican French Argentinian 1 one 22 twenty-two
Polish Chinese Italian Brazilian Spanish 2 two 23
3 three 30 thirty
Country Nationality
4 four 31
1 China
5 five 32 thirty-two
2 Japan Japanese 6 six 40 forty
3 Portugal 7 seven 50
4 Vietnam 8 eight 60 sixty
Vietnamese
9 nine 70 seventy
5 England
English 10 ten 80 eighty
6 Ireland Irish 11 90 ninety
7 Poland 12 twelve 100 a hundred/one hundred
8 Scotland 13 thirteen 101 a hundred and one
Scottish
9 Spain
14 fourteen 102
15 200 two hundred
10 Turkey
Turkish 16 sixteen 210 two hundred and ten
11 the UK 17 seventeen 322
12 Germany 18 eighteen 468 four hundred and sixty-eight
German
13 Mexico 19 nineteen 713
20 1,000 a thousand/one thousand
14 the U.S. American
We oftenpronounce zero “oh” when w e say numbers one at a time:
15 Argentina
“I’m in roo m four-oh-three.”(=403)
16 Australia Australian
2 Look at the pictures and complete the numbers in words.
17 Brazil

18 Canada
Canadian
19 Colombia
Colombian
20 Egypt
Egyptian 1 It’ s Luc y’s birthday. She’s 5 A normal year has
21 Peru
Peruvian . days.
22 Italy
PARIS 480
23 Russia Russian 98
24 France
2 Th e Jon es family live on 6 It’s kilometers to
, Main Street. Paris.
2 Complete the sentences about the people.
1 Diego is Peruvian. He’s from . NEWTOWN
population 658
204
2 Natasha is Russian. She’s from .
3 Troy is American. He’s from .
4 Mesut is Turkish. He’s from . 3 The population of Newtown is 7 Our hotel room is number
5 Dominique and Ellie are Canadian. They’re from . . .
6 Ana is Colombian. She’s from .
7 Maciek and Janusz are Polish. They’re from . $400
8 Hong is Vietnamese. She’s from .
9 Oscar and Ana are Brazilian. They’re from .
10 José Carlos is Mexican. He’s from . 4 The bike is dollars. 8 The watch is euros.

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 VOCABULARY PRACTICE

1C Personal objects
1 1.9 Match the words in the box with pictures 1–20. Listen and check.

key sunglasses mirror gloves chewing gum flashlight tissues photo stamps glasses
identity card watch umbrella hairbrush wallet candy change purse comb tablet cell phone

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20
1.10
the chart. Listen and check.
2 Read the information about plurals. Write plurals for the words.
/s/ /z/ /ɪz/
Look! We make most plurals by adding -s or -es. We add -es
when the final when the final sound when the final
if a word ends in -ch, -sh, -s,-x, or -z:
sound in the word in the word is /b/, /d/, sound in the word
stamp  stamps, watch  watches.
is /t/, /k/, /p/, /f/, /g/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /v/, is /tʃ/, /dʒ/, /ʒ/,
1 comb 7 photo or /θ/ /ð/, or a vowel sound /ʃ/, /s/, /ks/, or /z/
2 hairbrush 8 change purse
combs
3 card 9 tablet
4 key 10 flashlight
5 mirror 11 umbrella
6 cell phone 12 wallet

3 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.

1 Is that rain? Where’s my umbrella / hairbrush?
2 Look at this photo / mirror of my boyfriend.
3 Do you have a tablet / stamp? I want to send a letter.
4 What time is it? I don’t have my wallet / watch.
5 It’s very cold today. Take some mirrors / gloves with you.
6 I always wear combs / glasses when I read.
7 Where’s my car key / card?
8 I have twenty dollars in my change purse / flashlight.
9 It’s very sunny. Where are my tablets / sunglasses?
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4 ow read about the pronunciation of plurals

ending in -s and -es. Put the plurals from exercise 2 into
 VOCABULARY PRACTICE

2A Jobs and job verbs

1 2.1 Match the jobs in the box with pictures 1–20. Listen and check.

hairdresser tour guide police officer doctor electrician teacher taxi driver dentist flight attendant singer mechanic
nurse lawyer waiter/waitress receptionist businessperson accountant construction worker chef salesclerk

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20

2 2.2 Match the two parts to make sentences. Listen and check. 3 Complete the sentences with job verbs and jobs.
1 He cooks a a taxi. 1 Mario works in a garage. He cars. He’s a .
2 He drives b food in a restaurant. 2 Samantha works in a high school. She French and Spanish.
3 He fixes c English in a school. She’s a .
4 They make d work at 9 a.m. 3 Hitoshi and Kazuo work in the kitchen of a restaurant. They
5 She serves e people’s hair. the food for the customers. They are .
6 He wears f food to customers. 4 Tomiko also works in the restaurant. She the customers in
7 They start g people at a tourist office. the restaurant. She’s a .
8 She teaches h cars in a garage. 5 Maya is a . She people’s hair.
9 He finishes i computers in a store. 6 Terry works at night. He a taxi in different places in New
10 He cuts j a suit at work. York. He’s a .
11 She helps k clothes in a factory. 7 Raul works in a clothing store. He clothes. He’s a .
12 She sells l work at 6 p.m. 8 Ola, Piotr, and Marta are in a pop group. Marta plays the drums, Piotr
plays the guitar, and Ola . She’s the group’s .
9 Mark works on airplanes. He a uniform. He
food and drink to the passengers. He’s a .
10 Clara works in a hospital. She work at 7 p.m., and she
late, at 8:30 p.m. She’s not a doctor. She’s a .

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 VOCABULARY PRACTICE

2B Activities (1)
1 2.7 Look at pictures 1–20 and complete the phrases with the words in the box. Listen and check.

study book (my) friends read time walk guitar movie TV

dinner watch play radio listen running coffee movies relax

1 go to the 2 go out for 3 go out for 4 go for a 5 go 6 to music

7 listen to the 8 spend 9 tennis 10 play the 11 the 12 read a

with my family newspaper

13 14 see a 15 16 meet 17 soccer 18 watch

2 Complete the sentences with phrases from exercise 1. Use the 3 Correct the mistakes in the sentences. Rewrite the sentences.
correct form. 1 My friend Tara plays a guitar in a rock group.
1 My sister in a band. She’s really good.
2 My dad always at breakfast. He likes reading the 2 Do you want to watch movie tonight?
sports section.
3 We on Saturday evenings. We go to a very good 3 I always listen music on the train.
Chinese restaurant.
4 I want to get some exercise. Do you want to with 4 I usually meet the friends after work.
me in the park?
5 I all the time. I’m a Barcelona fan. 5 I want to go the movies this weekend.
6 I in the car. I play my favorite songs.
7 After work on Fridays, I in town, and we go to a 6 My parents play the tennis with their friends.
café to talk.
8 On the weekend, Rosie : her parents, her brother,
and her two sisters.
9 My sister and I on Saturdays. I usually have a
cappuccino, and she has a latte.
10 I in the library after class.

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 VOCABULARY PRACTICE

3A Family
1 3.2 Complete Jack’s family tree with the words in the box. Listen and check.

wife father-in-law sister-in-law daughter brother sister nephew niece father aunt cousin (×2) grandmother

Bill Marion
1grandfather 2

Diane Robert Christine Harry Jane Tim

3 4 5mother-in-law 6 7mother 8uncle

Stephen Paula Louise Carrie Andy Sarah David

9 10 11 12 13 14 15brother-in-law
JACK

Evie Zach Solomon Carmen

16 17son 18 19

2 3.3 Complete the sentences with the correct names. 3 Complete the chart with the family words from exercises 1 and 2.
1 and are Jack’s parents. male female male and female
2 and are Jack’s in-laws (mother- and father-
in-law).
3 and are Jack’s grandparents.
4 and are Jack’s children.
5 , , and are Harry and
Jane’s grandchildren.
6 Jack is and ’s son-in-law.
7 Carrie is and ’s daughter-in-law.
8 Jack is ’s husband. 4 Find three false definitions. Write the correct definitions.
9 , and are Bill and Marion’s 1 My nephew is my brother’s son.
grandsons. 2 My mother-in-law is my wife’s sister.
10 is Robert and Christine’s granddaughter. 3 My daughter is my son’s sister.
4 My granddaughter is my daughter’s daughter.
5 My niece is my cousin’s daughter.
6 My father-in-law is my husband’s father.
7 My grandparents are my nephew’s parents.
8 My cousins are my aunt’s children.

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 VOCABULARY PRACTICE

3C Activities (2)
1 3.7 Match the phrases below with pictures a–p. Listen and check.

a b c d

e f g h

i j k l

m n o p

do play go have visit

1 karate 4 golf 7 bowling 12 a barbecue 14 a gallery
2 yoga 5 volleyball 8 bike riding 13 a picnic 15 a museum
walk 6 the violin 9 dancing 16 relatives
3 the dog 10 shopping
11 swimming

2 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the correct form. 3 Write the phrases from exercise 1 that match the sentences.
1 They a barbecue every time it’s hot and sunny. 1 If you’re interested in very old things, you can do this.
2 We always a picnic for my birthday.
3 I yoga on Friday mornings. 2 This is when you go to see your cousins, grandparents, etc.
4 We volleyball on the beach.
5 I sometimes galleries. 3 Lots of people do this Japanese sport.
6 I always dancing with my family on Saturday evenings.
7 My son the violin in his school orchestra. 4 Lots of people do this sport on the beach in the summer.
8 I don’t go to the gym, but I dancing on weekends.
9 My best friend bike riding every Sunday afternoon. 5 You can do this in the sea or at a pool.
10 My children often bowling with their friends.
6 This is when you cook a meal outside.

7 You need a bicycle for this.

8 You need a very large open green space if you want to do this sport.

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 VOCABULARY PRACTICE

4A Daily routine verbs

1 4.1 Match pictures a–o with activities 1–15. Listen and check.

1 have lunch a b c d e
2 have dinner
3 go to school
4 get dressed
5 wake up
6 take a shower
7 get up
8 go to work
9 take a bath
10 go to bed
11 go to sleep f g h i j
12 finish school
13 get home
14 finish work
15 have breakfast

k l m n o

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4B The weather and the seasons

1 4.5 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with the cities. Listen and check.

30

22° -11° 14° 36° 12° 10° 1°

BARCELONA ST PETERSBURG SHANGHAI MUMBAI SAN FRANCISCO LIVERPOOL STOCKHOLM

1 It’s raining/rainy in . 4 It’s warm in . 7 It’s sunny in . 10 It’s cloudy in .

2 It’s snowing/snowy in . 5 It’s very cold in . 8 It’s foggy in . 11 It’s icy in .
3 It’s hot in . 6 It’s wet in . 9 It’s windy in . 12 It’s cold in .

2 Label the pictures with the seasons. Then write a word from exercise 1 to describe the weather in each season.
summer fall spring winter

, , , ,

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 VOCABULARY PRACTICE

5A Clothes
1 5.1 Label the clothes and jewelry in the pictures with the words in the box. Listen and check.

belt tie necklace bracelet pants T-shirt earrings boots coat jacket jeans sandals blouse
sneakers scarf jewelry dress gloves hat shirt shoes shorts skirt socks suit sweater

5 10
1
11
6
2
12
7
3
13
8

4 14
9

15
18
22
16
21 23
19
17
24

20
25

26

2 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.

1 My pants are too big. I need a necklace / belt. 6 My daughter likes climbing trees, so she wears pants / a skirt.
2 Jim hates wearing a suit and tie / scarf. He prefers jeans and a T-shirt. 7 Sally’s going to a party, so she’s wearing a T-shirt / dress.
3 When Anna goes running, she wears boots / sneakers. 8 In the summer, I like wearing shorts / shoes and sandals.
4 I like wearing jewelry, especially sandals / earrings. 9 Should I wear my red blouse / socks or my blue shirt with my jeans?
5 It’s cold outside. Wear a scarf and gloves / shorts. 10 You need to wear a coat / suit when you go to a job interview.

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5A Ordinal numbers
1 5.4 Write the ordinal numbers. Listen and check. 2 Complete the sentences with the ordinal numbers in parentheses.
1 first 8 15 Write them in words.
2 9 20 twentieth 1 Kazakhstan is the biggest country in the world. (9)
3 third 10 tenth 21 2 December is the month of the year. (12)
4 11 22 twenty-second 3 Barack Obama was the president of the U.S. (44)
5 12 30 thirtieth 4 International Women’s Day is March . (8)
6 sixth 13 thirteenth 40 5 Valentine’s Day is on February . (14)
7 seventh 14 fourteenth 50 fiftieth 6 Veterans Day is November . (11)

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 VOCABULARY PRACTICE

5C Hobbies
1 5.7 Match the verbs in the box with pictures 1–15. You need some verbs more than once. Listen and check.

collect play make sew knit sing dance take write paint draw bake

1 2 3 online games 4 5 photos

6 a blog 7 the drums 8 jewelry 9 10 chess

11 12 13 stamps 14 15 coins

2 Match the hobbies with the descriptions. 3 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 These hobbies are connected to music. 1 Right now, I’m drawing / knitting a sweater. I want to finish it before
the winter.
2 People often do these hobbies in beautiful places. 2 I collect stamps / coins. My favorite one is made of gold.
3 Everyone can sew / take photos on their smartphones, but some
3 This hobby is connected to food. people can do it really well.
4 My friend Emily makes / sews jewelry. She’s making me a necklace for
4 You study and collect objects for this hobby. my birthday.
5 We need someone who plays the drums / bakes for our band. Do you
5 You need another person to do this hobby. know anyone?
6 My cousin is traveling in Africa at the moment, and she makes / writes
6 These hobbies are connected to clothes. a blog every day. I like reading it to find out what she’s doing.
7 My wife loves painting / baking, and I love eating her cakes and
7 You need to use the Internet for this hobby. cookies. We’re a perfect match!
8 My friend Matt is learning to dance / sing. Right now, he’s learning the
tango.

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 VOCABULARY PRACTICE

6A Rooms and furniture

1 6.1 Label the picture with the rooms and places in the box. Listen and check.

yard balcony kitchen bedroom living room bathroom (x2) dining room study garage hall attic basement stairs

1
6
2
7
3
8
4
e 9
c
5 b

d 10
a

11 g

h i k
j l
f

12
13 14

2 6.2 Find the furniture items in the picture. Write the letters a-l. Listen and check.
1 armchair 4 stove 7 shelves 9 table 11 washing machine
2 bed 5 cabinets 8 sofa 10 closet 12 mirror
3 chairs 6 desk

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6B Common adjectives
1 6.8 Match the adjectives with their opposites. 2 Complete the sentences with opposite adjectives.
Listen and check. 1 I don’t like restaurants. I like places where you can talk
1 expensive a wide with friends.
2 clean b uncomfortable 2 My girlfriend usually buys clothes. I’m different – I buy
3 narrow c light clothes and have some money for other things.
4 noisy d cheap 3 We have two sofas. One is old, but very – it’s perfect for watching a
5 comfortable e traditional movie. The other one is new, but it’s .
6 heavy f dirty 4 My husband wants to buy some furniture, but I don’t. I want some
7 modern g quiet things because our apartment is very new.
5 Your T-shirt is really ! Go and find a blouse.
6 My bike is very , but Carl’s is really . I can carry his bike
with one hand.
7 I only have a double bed and a small closet in my bedroom. The room’s
and the bed’s , so I have no space.
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 VOCABULARY PRACTICE

6C Places in a city
1 6.15 Match the places in the box with pictures 1–14. Listen and check.

apartment building bridge cathedral concert hall library market monument

mosque office building park skyscraper square stadium theater

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14

2 Match the places in a city with the definitions. Some places go with 3 Complete the sentences with places in a city.
more than one definition. 1 This famous is for Abraham Lincoln.
1 People live here. 2 Let’s go to the and buy some food for a picnic.
2 You go here for entertainment. , , 3 We live on the ninth floor of this .
3 This is a religious building. , 4 You can see the from about 20 km. away. It’s very tall.
4 This is usually a tall building. , , 5 I work in a small downtown. It has four floors.
5 This can be outdoors or indoors. 6 At the , you leave your shoes at the door before you go in.
6 It is very quiet in this building. 7 There are concerts and soccer games at this .
7 You often find this in the center of a square. 8 You can walk or ride a bike over this , but you can’t drive over it.
8 You can sometimes find restaurants here. 9 There are concerts in our city’s every winter.
10 The central in Wroclaw is really beautiful. There are
colorful houses on all four sides.
11 I often go to the to study.

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