Gujarat Power Engineering and Research

Institute – MID SEM 2023

QUE – 1 (A) Find The Equation Of Tangent Plane and

Normal Line to the Surface xyz = 6 at (1,2,3)

Solution :-

 Let f ( xyz ) = xyz − 6

f x ( x, y, z ) = yz f x (1, 2,3) = 6
f y ( x, y, x ) = xz f y (1, 2,3) = 3
f z ( x, y, z ) = xy f z (1, 2,3) = 2
 Hence , The Equation Of The Tangent Plane at (1,2,3) is
6 ( x − 1) + 3 ( y − 2 ) + 2 ( z − 3) = 0
6x − 6 + 3y − 6 + 2z − 6 = 0
6 x + 3 y + 2 z = 18 _________ Ans.
 The Set Of Equations of The normal Line is
x −1 y − 2 z − 3
= = __________ Ans.
6 3 2

2 2 yz

QUE – 1 (B) Evaluate The Integral    xyzdxdydz

0 1 0

Solution :-

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2 2 yz 2 z
 yz 
0 1 0 xyzdxdydz =1 1 yz  0 xdx  dydz
 
yz
 x2 
2 2
=   yz   dydz
1 1  2 0
2 2
y3 z3
=  dydz
1 1
2
z
z3  y4 
2
=    dz
1
2  4 1
z3  z 4 1 
2
=   −  dz
1
2  4 4
2
 z7 z3 
=   −  dz
1 
8 8
2
 z8 z 4 
= − 
16 32 1
( 2) ( 2)
8 4
1 1
= +− −
16 32 16 32
256 16 1 1
= − − +
16 32 16 32
256 15
= −
16 32
510 − 15
=
32
495
= _____ Ans.
32

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QUE – 1 (C) Find The Eigen Values and Corresponding
2 1 0
A =  0 2 1 
Eigen Vectors of The Matrix ,
 0 0 2 

Solution :-

2 1 0
 Let A =  0 2 1 
 0 0 2 
 The Characteristic Equation is
det ( A −  I ) = 0
2− 1 0
0 2− 1 =0
0 0 2−
 3 − s1 2 + s2  − s3 = 0
Where , s1 = 2 + 2 + 2 = 6
2 1 2 0 2 1
s2 = + +
0 2 0 2 0 2
= 4+4+4
= 12
s3 = 2 ( 4 ) − 1( 0 )
=8
 Hence , The Characteristic Equation is
 3 − 6 2 + 12 − 8 = 0

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 (  − 2) =0
3

 = 2, 2, 2
( A) For  =2,
A − I  X =0
0 1 0  x  0
0 0 1   y  =  0 

0 0 1   z   0 
0x + y + 0z = 0
0x + 0 y + z = 0
by Cramer's Rule,
x −y z
= =
1 0 0 0 0 1
0 1 0 1 0 0
x y z
= = =t
1 0 0
 x t  1 
X =  y  = 0  = t 0  = tx1
 z  0  0 
Where x1 is an eigenvector corresponding to  =2

QUE – 2 (A)
Check Whether The Linear System 3x+6y-3z = -2 ,
6 x + 6 y + 3z = 5 , -2y+3z = 1 is Consistent or not

Solution :-

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 The Matrix Form Of The System is
0 −2 3   x   1 
 3 6 −3  y  =  −2 
    
6 6 3   z   5 
 The Augmented Matrix Of The System is
0 −2 3 1 
 3 6 −3 −2 
 
6 6 3 5 
Reducing The Augmented Matrix to reduced row echelon form
R1  R2
 3 6 −3 −2 
~ 0 −2 3 1 
6 6 3 5 
1
R1 →   R1
3
 −2 
1 2 −1 3
 
~ 0 −2 3 1 
6 6 3 5 
 
 
R3 → R3 − 6 R1
 −2 
1 2 −1 3
 
~ 0 −2 3 1 
0 −6 9 9 
 
 
 −1 
R2 →   R2
 2 

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  −2 
1 2 −1 3
 
−3 −1 
~ 0 1
 2 2
 
0 −6 9 9 
 
R3 → R3 + 6 R2
 −2 
1 2 −1 3
 
−3 −1 
~ 0 1
 2 2
0 0 0 6 

 
 From The Last Row Of The Augmented Matrix
0x+0y+0z = 6
 Hence , The System is inconsistant and has no Solution.

QUE – 2 (B)
Evaluate   ( x + y ) dydx, R is the region bounded by
R

lines x = 0 , x = 2 , y = x , y = x + 2

Solution :-

 The Point Of Intersection Of x = 2 and

y = x + 2 is obtained as y = 4 The Point
of intersection is (2,4).

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 Limits Of y : y = x to y = x + 2
Limits Of x : x = 0 to x = 2
2 x+2
I=   ( x + y ) dydx
0 x

 x+2
2

=    ( x + y ) dy  dx
0  x 
2 x+2
y2
= xy + dx
0
2 x

 ( x + 2) x2 
2 2

=   x ( x + 2) + − x −  dx
2


0 
2 2

2
 2 x2 x2 
=   x + 2x + + 2 x + 2 − x −  dx
2

0 
2 2
2
=   4 x + 2 dx
0
2
4x2
= + 2x
2 0

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 2
= 2x2 + 2x
0

=8+4
= 12 ____ Ans.

QUE – 2 (C)
Find Local Maximum , Local minimum and saddle point
of the function f ( x , y ) = x 3 + y 3 − 3 x − 12 y + 20

Solution :-

f ( x, y ) = x 3 + y 3 − 3x − 12 y + 20
STEP 1 :- For Extreme Values,
f
=0
x
3x 2 − 3 = 0
3 ( x 2 − 1) = 0
x2 − 1 = 0
x = 1
f
and =0
y
3 y 2 − 12 = 0
3 ( y 2 − 12 ) = 0
y2 − 4 = 0
y = 2

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 Stationary Points are (1, 2 ) , (1, −2 ) , ( −1, 2 ) , ( −1, −2 )
2 f
STEP 2 :- r = 2 = 6x
x
2 f
s= =0
xy
2 f
t = 2 = 6y
y
STEP 3 :-

( x, y ) r s t rt − s 2 Conclusion
(1, 2) 6 0 12 72  0 & r > 0 Minimum

(1, −2 ) 6 0 −12 −72  0 Neither max nor min

( −1, 2) −6 0 12 −72  0 Neither max nor min

( −1, −2) −6 0 −12 72  0 & r < 0 Maximum

 Hence , f ( x, y ) is max at ( −1, −2 ) and min at (1,2)

f max = ( −1) + ( −2 ) − 3 ( −1) − 12 ( −2 ) + 20 = 38
3 3

f min = (1) + ( 2 ) − 3 (1) − 12 ( 2 ) + 20 = 2

3 3

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QUE – 2 (A)
Find The Eigen Values of A 25 and A + 2I Where
3 0 
A=  
 8 −1

Solution :-

3 0 
A=  
8 −1
 The Characteristic Equation is
det ( A −  I ) = 0
3− 0
=0
8 −1 − 
 2 − s1 + s2 = 0
Where s1 = 3 − 1 = 2
3 0
s2 = = −3
8 −1
 Hence , The Characteristic Equation is
 2 − 2 − 3 = 0
 = 3, −1
3 0   2 0  5 0 
A + 2I =   +  0 2  = 8 1 
8 −1    

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QUE – 2 (B)
Find The Directional Derivatives of
f ( x , y , z ) = 3e x cos ( yz ) at P(0,0,0) in the direction
of a = 2iˆ + ˆj − 2kˆ

Solution :-

f f ˆ f
f = iˆ + ˆj +k
x y z
= iˆ ( 3e x cos yz ) + ˆj ( −3e x z sin ( yz ) ) + kˆ ( −3e x y sin ( yz ) )
 At The Point P(0,0,0)
f = 3iˆ + 0 ˆj + 0kˆ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
 Directional Derivative in The Direction of the vector a=2i+j-2k
a
D a f = f 
a

( 2iˆ + ˆj − 1kˆ )
(
= 3iˆ + 0 ˆj + 0kˆ ) 1+ 4 + 4
6
=
9
6
=
3
= 2 ____ Ans.

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QUE – 2 (C)


  e dydx; by changing the order of integration

−y 2
Evaluate
0 x

Also , Sketch The Region Of Integration.

Solution :-

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 Limits Of y : y = x to y →  along Vertical Strip
Limits of x : x = 0 to x → 
 The Region is bounded by The Lines y = x and x = 0
Limits of x : x = 0 to x = y
Limits of y : y = 0 to y = 
 Hence , The given Integral after Change of Order is
  y
e− y e− y
0 x y dydx = 0 0 y dxdy

 y  e − y
=    dx  dy
0  0  y

e− y
=
y
x0 dy
0
y

e− y
=  y dy
0
y

=  e − y dy
0

= −e − y
0

= − ( e − − e0 )
= 1 ______ Ans.

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