MAC 2233 Review Exam 03 (3.4, 4.1, 4.2, 4.

4)
Differentiate the following functions:

1. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = (3𝑥 − 7)13

2+1
2. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 5 𝑒 3𝑥

3. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = ln⁡(4𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 + 1)

4. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 ln(𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 − 3)

7𝑥 2
5. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = (2𝑥+3)3

3
6. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = ⁡5(√𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1)

(𝑥−2) 2
7. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 3𝑥+1

8. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = (2𝑥 + ln(𝑥 ))3

9. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 ln(1 − 𝑒 𝑥 ) + 𝑥 2 (𝑥 + 1)3

Find the equation of the tangent lines at the specified value:

10. y = ln(1 − 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 4 ) at 𝑥 = 1

2−4𝑥+1
11. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 5𝑒 𝑥 at 𝑥 = 0

12. Find the x-values where the tangent line horizontal to 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = (2𝑥 − 3)8 (5𝑥 − 2)7 .

Differentiate the following using properties of logarithms first:

𝑥 3+2𝑥−1
13. ⁡𝑓(𝑥 ) = ln (3𝑥(𝑥+1)10 ⁡)

𝑒 2𝑥 √𝑥 3 −2
14. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = ln ( (𝑥+1)4
)

Use logarithmic differentiation to differentiate the following functions.

𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥−3)10
15. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = ⁡ (𝑥+1)4 ⁡

10𝑥 √𝑥 3 −2𝑥
16. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = ⁡ 3𝑥(1−4𝑥)5

Note: the difference between #13/14 and #15/16 is that #13/14 already have an ‘ln’ so you can go directly into
using properties of logarithms, but in #15/16, ‘ln’ needs to be performed on BOTH sides, hence in 15/16 you
will also have to differentiate the left hand side which is very important in logarithmic differentiation.
Find the intervals on which 𝑓(𝑥) in increasing, the intervals on which 𝑓(𝑥) is decreasing, and any local
extrema.
17. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 2
18. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 4𝑥 3 − 𝑥 4
𝑥2
19. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥−3⁡

20. The graph of 𝑓(𝑥) is given. Use it to find the intervals where 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 0.

Suppose 𝑓 (𝑥 ) is continuous on (−∞, ∞). Use the given information to sketch the graph of 𝑓(𝑥).
Draw any horizontal tangent lines. Label any extrema.

21.

22.
23. The graph of 𝑓′(𝑥) is given.
a. Find the intervals on which 𝑓(𝑥 ) is increasing, and the intervals on
which 𝑓(𝑥) is decreasing.
b. Find the 𝑥-values where a local extremum occurs.
c. Use parts a and b to sketch a possible graph of 𝑓(𝑥).

24. The graph of 𝑓′(𝑥) is given.

a. Find the intervals on which 𝑓(𝑥 ) is increasing, and the intervals on which
𝑓(𝑥) is decreasing.
b. Find the 𝑥-values where a local extremum occurs.
c. Use parts a and b to sketch a possible graph of 𝑓(𝑥).

25. Let 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 + 1
a. Find the critical points of 𝑓(𝑥)
b. Find the intervals on which 𝑓(𝑥) is increasing and the intervals on which 𝑓 (𝑥) is decreasing.
c. Find any local extrema.
d. Use the information to sketch a graph of 𝑓(𝑥)

26. A manufacturer incurs the following cost in producing 𝑥 rain jackets in one day for 0 < 𝑥 < 200:
𝐶 (𝑥 ) = 0.08𝑥 2 + 30𝑥 + 450 dollars

a. What is the average cost 𝐶̅ (𝑥) per jacket if 𝑥 jackets are produced in one day?
̅ (𝑥), the intervals on which the average cost is increasing, the intervals on
b. Find the critical numbers of 𝐶
which the average cost is decreasing, and the local extrema.

27. Find the second derivative of 𝑦 = (2𝑥 − 1)4 .

28. Given the graph of 𝑓(𝑥), determine when 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥 ) < 0⁡𝑎𝑛𝑑⁡𝑓 ′′ (𝑥 ) > 0.
29. Determine the intervals of concavity and any inflection points of:
a. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 4 − 18𝑥 2
3
b. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = (𝑥−1)2
2𝑥−1
c. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥+5

30. 𝑓(𝑥) is continuous on all real numbers. Use the given information to sketch the graph of 𝑓. Draw any
horizontal tangent lines. Label extrema and inflection points, if any.

31. 𝑓(𝑥) is continuous on all real numbers. Use the given information to sketch the graph of 𝑓.
𝑓(−2) = −4, 𝑓(1) = 3, 𝑓 (3) = 5
𝑓 ′ (−2) = 0⁡𝑎𝑛𝑑⁡𝑓 ′ (3) = 0
𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) > 0⁡𝑜𝑛⁡(−2,3)
𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) < 0⁡𝑜𝑛⁡(−∞, −2) ∪ (3, ∞)
𝑓 ′′ (1) = 0
𝑓 ′′ (𝑥 ) > 0⁡𝑜𝑛⁡(−∞, 1)⁡𝑎𝑛𝑑⁡𝑓 ′′ (𝑥 ) < 0⁡𝑜𝑛⁡(1, ∞)

32. Determine the intervals where the function is increasing, decreasing, concave up and concave down. Find
all local extrema and inflection points. Sketch a graph of the function.
𝑓(𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 4 − 8𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 3

33. The marketing research department of a computer company used a large city to test market the firm’s
new laptop. The department found that the relationship between price 𝑝 and demand 𝑥⁡was given
approximately by
𝑝 = 2600 − 0.26𝑥 2 ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡0 < 𝑥 < 100
a. Find the revenue function.
b. Find the local extrema for the revenue function. (Round answers to nearest whole number)
c. On which intervals is the graph of the revenue function concave up? Concave down?

34. The weekly revenue of a certain commodity can be approximated by 𝑅 (𝑥 ) = 2610𝑥 − 0.2𝑥 3 and its cost
function is 𝐶 (𝑥 ) = 970 + 450𝑥, where 𝑥 denotes the amount of units produced and 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 110.
a. Find the local extrema for the profit function.
b. On which intervals is the graph of the profit function concave up? Concave down?
35. A drug that stimulates reproduction is introduces into a colony of bacteria. After 𝑡 minutes, the number of
bacteria is given approximately by 𝑁(𝑡) = 1,000 + 30𝑡 2 − 𝑡 3 ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 20.
a. When is the rate of growth 𝑁 ′ (𝑡) increasing? Decreasing? (Hint: it is asking when 𝑁 ′ (𝑡)⁡is increasing
and decreasing, not 𝑁(𝑡))
b. Find the inflection points of the graph 𝑁(𝑡).

36. Use the given information to sketch the graph of 𝑓(𝑥). Draw any horizontal tangent lines. Label
any local extrema and inflection points.

37. Use the given information to sketch the graph of 𝑓(𝑥). Draw any horizontal tangent lines. Label
any local extrema and inflection points.

For #38-43, apply the graphing strategy (domain, x-int, y-int, H.A., V.A, intervals on increase, decrease,
concave up, concave down, any local extrema and inflection points). Sketch the Graph.

𝑥+3
38. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥−3

2𝑥−1
39. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥+4

1
40. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2+1
 𝑥−1
41. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2−1

1
42. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2+2𝑥−8 ⁡⁡(𝑆𝐾𝐼𝑃⁡𝑆𝐸𝐶𝑂𝑁𝐷⁡𝐷𝐸𝑅𝐼𝑉𝐴𝑇𝐼𝑉𝐸, 𝐶𝑂𝑁𝐶𝐴𝑉𝐼𝑇𝑌⁡𝐴𝑁𝐷⁡𝐼𝑁𝐹𝐿𝐸𝐶𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁⁡𝑃𝑂𝐼𝑁𝑇𝑆)

3𝑥 −3(𝑥+2) 6(𝑥+4)
43. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = (𝑥−2)2 ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) = (𝑥−2)3
⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡ 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = (𝑥−2)2

44. A company producing dive watches has established that, on average, a new employee can
assemble 𝑁(𝑡) dive watches per day after 𝑡 days of on-the-job training as given by
100𝑡
𝑁 (𝑡 ) = ⁡⁡⁡⁡𝑡 ≥ 0
𝑡+9
a. Where is 𝑁(𝑡) increasing? Decreasing?
b. Where is the graph of 𝑁 concave up? Down?
c. Find the H.A and V.A
d. Find x and y intercept
e. Sketch the graph

45. Companies in Silicon Valley producing computer chips are found to be contaminating
underground water. A quality control agency ordered the companies to take corrective actions
and contribute monetary pool for testing and cleanup. Suppose the required monetary pool is
given by
2𝑥
𝑃 (𝑥 ) = ⁡⁡⁡⁡0 ≤ 𝑥 < 1
1−𝑥
a. Where is 𝑃(𝑥) increasing? Decreasing?
b. Where is the graph of 𝑃 concave up? Down?
c. Find the H.A and V.A
d. Find x and y intercept
e. Sketch the graph

46. A doctor prescribes 500mg pill every eight hours. The concentration of drugs (ppm) in the blood
stream 𝑡 hours after ingesting the pill is
0.5𝑡
𝐶 (𝑡 ) = 2 ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡0 < 𝑡 < 8
𝑡 +4
a. Determine hours of increasing and decreasing
b. After how many hours does the medication has maximum efficacy and what is the maximum
concentration at this time?
c. What is the concentration after 6 hours?
Answer Key

1. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 39(3𝑥 − 7)12

2+1 2 +1 2+1
2. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 5𝑥 4 𝑒 3𝑥 + 6𝑥 6 𝑒 3𝑥 = 𝑥 4 𝑒 3𝑥 (5 + 6𝑥 2 )

12𝑥 2 −2
3. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = ⁡ 4𝑥 3−2𝑥+1

𝑥 3 (3𝑥 2+2)
4. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 ln(𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 − 3) + ⁡ 𝑥 3+2𝑥−3

14𝑥(3−𝑥) −14𝑥(𝑥−3)
5. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = ⁡ (2𝑥+3)4
⁡𝑜𝑟⁡ (2𝑥+3) 4

10(𝑥−2)
6. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = ⁡ 3
3 √(𝑥 2−4𝑥+1)2

(𝑥−2)(3𝑥+8)
7. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = ⁡ (3𝑥+1)2

1
8. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3(2𝑥 + ln(𝑥))2 (2 + 𝑥⁡)

𝑥𝑒 𝑥
9. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = ln(1 − 𝑒 𝑥 ) − 1−𝑒 𝑥 + 2𝑥(𝑥 + 1)3 + 3𝑥 2 (𝑥 + 1)2 (Two separate product rules)

10. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 3 + ln⁡(2)

11. 𝑦 = −20𝑥𝑒 + 5𝑒

3 2 137
12. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) = (2𝑥 − 3)7 (5𝑥 − 2)6 (150𝑥 − 137); 𝑥 = 2 , 𝑥 = 5 , 𝑥 = 150

3𝑥 2+2 1 10
13. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = ⁡ 𝑥 3 +2𝑥−1 − 𝑥 − 𝑥+1

3𝑥 2 4
14. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2 + 2𝑥 3−4⁡ − 𝑥+1

10 4 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥−3) 10
15. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = [1 + 𝑥−3 − 𝑥+1] ( (𝑥+1)4 ⁡
)

3𝑥 2−2 1 20 10𝑥 √𝑥 3−2𝑥

16. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = [ln(10) + 2𝑥 3−4𝑥 − 𝑥 + 1−4𝑥 ] ( 3𝑥(1−4𝑥)5 )

17. Increase: (2, ∞)

Decrease: (−∞, 2)
Local Min: (2, −10), no local max.

18. Increase: (−∞, 3) (simplify (−∞, 0) ∪ (0,3) since 𝑥 = 0⁡is part of domain)
Decrease: (3, ∞)
Local Min: None, Local Max: (3, 27)
19. Increase: (−∞, 0), (6, ∞)
Decrease: (0,3), (3,6)
Local Min: (6,12), Local Max: (0,0)

20. 𝑓 ′ > 0 → 𝑓⁡𝑖𝑠⁡𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 → (−∞, −2), (1, ∞)

21.

22.

23. a. Increasing: (−∞, −3), (−1,2). Decreasing: (−3, −1), (2, ∞)

b. Local Min: 𝑥 = −1, Local Max: 𝑥 = −3, 𝑥 = 2
c.

24. a. Increasing: (−∞, −2). Decreasing: (−2, ∞)

b. Local Min: None, Local Max: 𝑥 = −2
c.
25. a. 𝑥 = −1, 𝑥 = 1

b. Increasing: (−∞, −1), (1, ∞). Decreasing: (−1,1)

c. Local Min: (1, −1). Local Max: (−1,3)
d.

0.08𝑥 2 +30𝑥+450
26. a. 𝐶̅ (𝑥 ) =
𝑥

b. Critical numbers: 𝑥 = 75

Increasing: (75, 200).

Decreasing: (0,75)
Local Min: (75, $42)
No Local Max

27. 𝑦 ′′ = 48(2𝑥 − 1)2

28. 𝑓 ′′ < 0 → 𝑓⁡𝑖𝑠⁡𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑎𝑣𝑒⁡𝑢𝑝 → ⁡ (0,1) and 𝑓 ′′ > 0 → 𝑓⁡𝑖𝑠⁡𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑎𝑣𝑒⁡𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛 → ⁡ (−∞, 0) ∪ (1, ∞)

29. a. Concave up: (−∞, −1) ∪ (1, ∞)

Concave down: (−1,1)

Inflection Points: (−1, −15)⁡𝑎𝑛𝑑⁡(1, −15)
b. Concave up: (−∞, 1) ∪ (1, ∞)
Concave down: N/A
Inflection Points: None
c. Concave up: (−∞, −5)
Concave down: (−5, ∞)
Inflection Points: None
30.

31.

32. Increase: (0, ∞)

Decrease: (−∞, 0)
Local extrema: 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚⁡𝑎𝑡⁡(0,3)
1
Concave up: (−∞, 3) ∪ (1, ∞)
1
Concave down: (3 , 1)
1
Inflection Points: (3 , 3.4) ⁡𝑎𝑛𝑑⁡(1,4)
33. a. 𝑅(𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑝(𝑥 ) = 2600𝑥 − 0.26𝑥 3 ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 100
b. Maximum revenue when 58 laptops are sold, with a revenue of $100,071.
c. Concave down: (0,100); never concave up on the domain

34. a. Maximum profit when 60 units are produced, with a profit of $85,430.
b. Concave down: (0,110);⁡never concave up on the domain
35. a. 𝑁 ′ (𝑡)⁡𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 → 𝑁 ′′ (𝑡) > 0 → 𝑁(𝑡)⁡𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑎𝑣𝑒⁡𝑢𝑝: (0,10)
⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡𝑁 ′ (𝑡)⁡𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 → 𝑁 ′′ (𝑡) < 0 → 𝑁(𝑡)⁡𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑎𝑣𝑒⁡𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛: (10,20)
b. Inflection Point: (10, 3000)

36.
Horizontal asymptotes: Vertical asymptote:
1) Left side of graph (𝑥 → −∞)⁡𝑦 = −3 None
2) Right side of graph (𝑥 → ∞)⁡ 𝑦 = 3

37.
Horizontal asymptotes: Vertical asymptote:
1) Left and right side of graph (𝑥 → ±∞)⁡𝑦 = 1 1) 𝑥 = −2
38.

Domain: (−∞, 3) ∪ (3, ∞)

x int: 𝑥 = −3 y int: 𝑦 = −1
H.A 𝑦 = 1
V.A 𝑥 = 3
Dec: (−∞, 3) ∪ (3, ∞)
Inc: None
Local extrema: None
Concave up: (3, ∞)
Concave down: (−∞, 3)
POI: 𝑁𝑜𝑛𝑒

1 1
39. Domain: (−∞,⁡−4)⁡∪⁡(−4,⁡∞) x int: 𝑥 = 2 y int: 𝑦 = − 4

H.A 𝑦 = 2
V.A 𝑥 =⁡−4
Dec: None
Inc: (−∞,⁡−4)⁡∪⁡(−4,⁡∞)
Local extrema: None
Concave up: (−∞,⁡−4)
Concave down: (−4,⁡∞)
POI: 𝑁𝑜𝑛𝑒
40.
Domain: (−∞, ∞)
x int: None
y int: 𝑦 = 1
H.A 𝑦 = 0
V.A : None
Dec: (0, ∞)
Inc: (−∞, 0)
Local max: 𝑥 = 0
√3 √3
Concave up: ( −∞, − 3
) ∪( 3
, ∞) = (−∞, −0.6) ∪ (0.6, ∞)
√3 √ 3
Concave down: ( − , )
3 3
= (−0.6,0.6)

IP: 𝑎𝑛𝑑

41. Domain: (−∞,⁡−1)⁡∪⁡(−1,1)⁡∪⁡(1,⁡∞)

x int: None y int: 𝑦 = 1
H.A 𝑦 = 0
1
V.A 𝑥 =⁡−1, Hole: (1, 2)
Dec: (−∞,⁡−1),⁡(−1,1),⁡(1,⁡∞)
Inc: None
Local extrema: None
Concave up: (−1,1)⁡∪⁡(1,⁡∞)
Concave up: (−∞,⁡−1)
IP: None
42. Domain: (−∞,⁡−4)⁡∪⁡(−4,2)⁡∪⁡(2,⁡∞)
1
x int: None y int: 𝑦 = − 8
H.A 𝑦 = 0 V.A : 𝑥 = −4, 𝑥 = 2
Inc: (−∞,⁡−4),⁡(−4,⁡−1)
Dec: (−1,2),⁡(2,⁡∞)
1
Local max: (−1, − 9)

43. Domain: (−∞, −2) ∪ (−2, ∞)

x-int: (0,0) y-int: (0,0)
HA: 𝑦 = 0⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡VA: 𝑥 = −2
Inc: (−2,2)⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡Dec: (−∞, −2) ∪ (2, ∞)
3
Local Min: (−2, − 8)

CU: (−4,2) ∪ (2, ∞)⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡CD: (−∞, −4)

1
IP: (−4, − 3)

44. a) Inc: (0,⁡∞) Dec: Never on domain

b) Concave up: Never on domain
Concave down: (0,⁡∞)
c) H.A 𝑦 = 100 V.A : None on the domain
d) x int, y int: (0,0)

45. a) Inc: (0,1), Dec: None

b) Concave up: (0,1) Concave down: None
c) IP: None on the domain V.A : 𝑥 = 1
d) x int, y int: (0,0)

46. a) Inc: (0,2) Dec: (2,8)

1
b) Max: (2, 8) → 𝐴𝑡⁡2⁡ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠, 𝑡ℎ𝑒⁡𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚⁡𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛⁡𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙⁡𝑏𝑒⁡0.125⁡𝑝𝑝𝑚
c) After 6 hours, it will have 0.075 ppm left in the blood