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basic_science_class_8_chapter-conservation_by_jsunil

Basic science chapter

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sankruti.mallick94
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Basic science Class 8 chapter-conservation By Jsunil

A.1. Wildlife refers to plants and animals living in their natural habitat.
2. The five categories of threatened species listed in the Red Data Book are:
Critically endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Rare, Data deficient
3. Factors that cause depletion or loss of biodiversity are:
(a) Monoculture (b) Hunting and fishing (c) Pollution (d) Global warming (e) Introducing exotic species
4. Following three organisations are involved in the conservation of biodiversity: (a) IUCN (b) WWF (c) UNEP 5. The
mission of the Man and Biosphere Programme of the UNESCO is to establish at least one biosphere reserve in each of the
193 bio-geographical zones on earth.
6. The aim of Joint Forest Management Programme is to involve villagers and other people in developing and protecting
degraded forests.
7. Three special projects launched to protect endangered animals in India are:
(a) The Forest Act (b) The Wildlife (Protection) Act (c) The Fisheries Act
8. Sustainable utilisation of natural resources means sustainable use of natural resources to meet the requirements of the
present generation. It will ensure that the future generations are not deprived of these resources.
B.1. Extinct species are those species of plants and animals that have completely vanished from the world or from a
particular country.
Dodo is an example of an animal that has gone extinct from the world. Asiatic Cheetah is an example of an animal that has
gone extinct from India.
B2. Monoculture is a practice of planting single type of plants in a particular area. It causes a loss of biodiversity by
replacing natural forests that are rich in biodiversity with a single type of plantation. Animals that depend upon different
plants are also affected.
B3. Forest Survey of India uses satellite pictures and ground surveys to study the forest resources of our country.
Botanical Survey of India keeps track of the plant species in the country. Zoological Survey of India documents all the
animal species in the country.
C1. Biodiversity refers to a wide range of different types of organisms in the world. Biodiversity is linked to our survival. The
food we eat to gain energy comes from different plants and animals. The oxygen that we breathe is released by plants
during photosynthesis. If the biodiversity of a place is disturbed, it will create an imbalance in the atmospheric composition.
This will ultimately lead to the destruction of human life
C2. Exotic species are those species of plants and animals that do not originally belong to a particular place but are
introduced in it from some other place. These species often grow by destroying native species of that area as they compete
for space and nutrition with the native species. Example: Spotted deer introduced in Andaman and Nicobar Islands is exotic
to that place and has proliferated, as it does not have natural predators. It is now damaging the forest plants and crop
plants.
C3. Chipko Andolan is believed to have started in 1973 in Gopeshwar village in Chamoli district (Uttarakhand). It was
started to save the trees. The villagers rejected the attempt of a contractor to cut down trees for sports goods factory by
hugging the trees. After few weeks, the contractor was turned away by the people of another village in the same region. The
women of Garhwal district forced the contractor to stop deforestation and leave. Many environmentalists got inspired by this
and the movement rapidly spread across the Himalayan region under the leadership of Sunderlal Bahuguna and Chandi
Prasad Bhatt.
D 1. wildlife 2. IUCN. 3. Bishnois 4. Environment 5. National parks. E. 1.a 2.d. 3. c 4.d. 5.b.

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