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RENUKA NARAYANAN
Mahadev
PENGUIN BOOKS
CONTENTS
1 Sadashiva Samarambham
2 Kalakuta
3 Vipareet
4 Gajanan
5 Malai Mandir
6 Kumar
7 Shivaskanda Murti
8 Kalinath
9 Madurai
10 Nagchampa
11 Ganga
12 Tandavan
13 Mahadevi
14 Shivaya
Follow Penguin
Copyright
PENGUIN ANANDA
MAHADEV
Renuka Narayanan writes on religion and culture. She was the arts
editor of the Indian Express, where she also wrote a column on
religion for the editorial page. She was editor, Religion and Culture,
Hindustan Times and the start-up director of the Indian Cultural
Centre, Embassy of India, Bangkok.
Her published books include The Book of Prayer, Faith: Filling the
God-sized Hole, The Little Book of Indian Wisdom and The Path of
Light: Tales from the Upanishads, Jatakas and Indic Folklore.
She lives in Delhi.
Namas Parvati Pataye . . . Hara Hara Mahadeva!
1
Sadashiva Samarambham
O Lord, even if the black mountain was ink, the ocean the inkpot, a
branch of the wish-fulfilling tree the pen, the earth the writing leaf,
and if, taking these, the Goddess of Learning herself writes for all
eternity, you cannot be completely described.
What a picture that paints! But we can say that we know two
important things about Shiva. That he is one half of God. And that
he dances.’
‘Who is the other half of God?’ said the child at once.
Her family smiled, knowing the delightful answer. Pleased that she
had asked this question, they sat back and arranged themselves
comfortably, the better to hear their guru say it.
‘The other half of God is Shakti. We also call her Devi, Amba,
Parvati, Gauri, Lalita, Kamakshi, Chandi, Chamundi; so many
wonderful names, each with a story, just like Shiva,’ said the guru,
his face glowing with the lustre of saying the names aloud.
‘So Shiva is half-woman?’
‘Or Shakti is half-man. We can see it either way, or see them
together as one, the way our people usually see them,’ said the
guru.
The child looked doubtfully at the teak-framed painting on the wall
that showed Shiva and Parvati sitting side by side with their heavenly
children Ganesha and Kartikeya on their laps. ‘Then why do we see
them like that?’ she asked.
‘God is actually the one Supersoul or the Paramatma. But it’s hard
to understand that properly. It does not satisfy our human need to
pray to “Someone” who, we hope, understands us. We need a
personality, an interesting one. So, logically, we try to understand
the Creator through creation. What do we see? In our lush, tropical
country we see that creation is full of natural forms Aa Setu
Himalaya, meaning from the southernmost shore to the highest
northenmost mountains or all the way from where the three oceans
meet right up to the high Himalayas. This is our land, Bharatavarshe
Jambudvipe. Bharatavarshe, the land of the Bharatas; Jambudvipe,
the island of the rose-apple. So it seemed natural to us that the
Creator revels in form. That’s why we first saw and still see “God” in
many ways—even as “gods” whom we think of as the expressions of
the Supersoul.
‘So an image like this, of the First Family, is really like a book.
Each detail in it tells a story about the powers of God. We have
many images to remind us of the many powers of God. And we have
rules for iconography or spiritual art, called Murti Shilpa Shastra on
how to make these images of God—as a god or goddess or divine
family. We also have rules for iconometry, the system of
measurement for making spiritual art, called Talamana. But it was
Acharya who made us see the gods clearly in the first place,’ said the
guru.
‘Who is Acharya?’ asked the child.
‘Acharya means a teacher. Here I mean Adi Shankara, the great
teacher who went around India years and years ago risking life and
limb to make religion clear to people,’ said the guru.
‘Jaya Jaya Shankara . . .’ murmured the family in affirmation,
hearing the beloved name.
The family guru nodded.
‘Adi Shankara was named for Shiva, who is the Adi Guru or the
first teacher,’ he said. ‘Adi means “the first” or “the beginning”. To
come close to understanding Shiva, we need to see him the way we
originally saw him, through our own eyes, and not through the eyes
of others. And one of the first and most important ways we see
Shiva is as Dakshinamurthi, Lord of Learning. He sits on a raised
rock under a banyan tree with one leg bent at the knee. This pose is
called veerasana. Four sages, the Sanakadi yogis, are clustered at
his feet like students. Lord Dakshinamurthi is Shiva as our first
teacher, the Gurumurti.’
Meanwhile, the child’s mother had Google-searched
Dakshinamurthi’s image on her phone and silently held it out.
The guru smiled. ‘That’s how he communicates, too, through
silence. “Dakshina” means “gift” and also “south”. And indeed,
Dakshinamurthi looks southwards to gift us moksha or soul-
liberation, since the south is the direction of moksha. Almost every
old Indian temple, anywhere, has an image of Dakshinamurthi on its
southern wall. Look for it the next time you visit a temple.’
‘Of the twelve most ancient Shiva temples, the one at Ujjain has
the shivling facing south. It’s called “Mahakaleshwar”, the Lord of
Time. I was told it represents Dakshinamurthi,’ volunteered the
child’s grandfather.
‘I remember you took me there when I was about ten years old,
really early in the morning,’ said the child’s father to his father, who
was pleased that he remembered.
Meanwhile, the child and the guru pored over Dakshinamurthi’s
picture.
‘See how young and peaceful his face is, with the crescent moon
on his head. How the old sages look up to him. Among us, even a
young guru, if knowledgeable, can have older disciples. Look how
his eyes are closed in deep meditation and his body is pale, with
sacred ash all over it,’ said the guru. ‘He’s wearing a deerskin as a
wrap and holding a japmala, a veena and a sanyasi’s staff.’
‘He has snakes around his wrists and ankles and neck. Why does
he wear snakes?’ said the insatiable child.
‘I don’t know the reason, either,’ admitted the child’s father.
‘Oh, you’ve forgotten the lovely story about that,’ said the child’s
grandmother. ‘Naturally, everybody was afraid of snakes—people,
birds, beasts—everybody! They didn’t understand snakes at all. So
they threw stones, snarled and shrieked at them. The snakes felt
very bad about it. Wouldn’t you, if nobody liked you and made it
their business to hurt you? So they went wriggling in a body to Shiva
because they’d heard he was a strong, straightforward god with no
fancy airs about him.’
‘“Everybody hates us. We’re so ashamed and depressed,” they
wept at his feet.’
‘“Don’t cry. You can live on my body if you like,” said Shiva kindly.’
‘The snakes cheered up at once. “Thank you, Great God! We
never expected such a big honour!” they said, charmed by the
perfection of the plan, for now everybody else would be so jealous.
They began to fight good-naturedly about taking turns. The serpent
Bhashaka won the honour of a permanent place on Shiva’s very
neck . . . around that beautiful blue throat.’
‘I love that,’ said the child’s mother while the child flew to hug her
grandmother, touched by Shiva’s kindness to the weeping snakes but
unable to express it in words.
‘Didn’t Bhashaka have a daughter called Ahilavati, who married
Prince Ghatotkacha in the Mahabharata?’ said the child’s grandfather
suddenly.
‘You never told me that story!’ exclaimed his son.
‘I just remembered it,’ smiled the grandfather. ‘Your daughter’s
interest in Shiva is unlocking sealed, forgotten boxes in my head.’
‘But why is Shiva’s throat blue?’ put in the child, and her parents
exchanged a quick look, managing not to roll their eyes.
‘I’ll tell you next time. Or your grandparents or parents can,’
smiled the guru, getting up.
‘And miss hearing you say it? No, Guruji. Please come every
Monday evening to tell us an instalment of the Shiv Lila,’ begged the
elders. ‘Let’s keep it as a weekly tradition for the rest of the year,
unless you’re travelling, or we are.’
‘It’s so much nicer when you tell us the stories,’ said the child’s
parents.
‘Why on a Monday? What’s “Shiv Lila”?’ said the child, closely
following the conversation.
‘Each day of the week is special to some aspect of God. Monday is
special to Mahadev, the Great God, as we love to call Shiva. We call
God’s stories a “lila”, meaning “play or cosmic drama”, because we
choose to believe that everything is a game for God, whom we also
call “the gods”,’ said the mother.
‘Well said. Whenever we meet, let’s share what we know about
Shiva then!’ suggested the guru.
‘Shravanam, or listening to holy stories, will win us some merit as
well,’ enthused the grandmother.
Deep in their hearts, the Great God smiled. He liked it when
people shared his stories. Doing that was supposed to make them
calm, strong and affectionate. ‘Just as they should be,’ thought
Shiva, and Parvati smiled, too, in amusement. There were going to
be a few surprises. That was the very essence of Shiva. You never
knew what he’d do next. Or what you might do, because of him.
2
Kalakuta
‘You wanted to know why Shiva’s throat is blue?’ the guru asked the
child on his next visit.
‘Yes, please!’ said the child.
‘It’s a strange, strong story, with beautiful ideas that we have
never forgotten; ideas that people across Asia have shared and
made their own, in many wonderful ways. Also, it tells you why we
can’t help loving Shiva,’ said the guru slowly as though choosing his
words with care.
‘We’re ready for it,’ said the family as it settled happily on the
carpet while the guru took a seat of honour facing them.
‘A small greeting to God, first,’ said the guru and everybody
brought their palms together.
‘Sri Ganeshaya Namaha,’ said the guru first, ‘honour to Lord
Ganapati, with whose name we begin all things.’ The family dropped
their heads low over their hands.
‘Namas Parvati-pataye,’ said the guru, ‘we bow to Parvati’s
husband.’
‘Hara-Hara Mahadeva! Hail to the Great God!’ said the family in
one voice, even the child, for her mother had prepared her for this
traditional sequence of call-and-response with which a teacher
begins a session of telling holy stories.
‘Janaki-kanta smaranam,’ said the guru next, ‘we remember Sita’s
beloved’.
‘Jai-Jai Rama-Rama, victory to Rama,’ responded the family.
‘Sri Anjaneya murti ki . . .’ came the guru’s final call, ‘to Lord
Hanuman . . .’
‘Jai,’ rang the answer, ‘everlasting triumph.’
The guru smiled at them and they smiled back, sealed in the
ancient bond of teller and listener.
‘You know how our ancestors saw the world,’ began the guru.
‘Brahma the Creator, hailed as Prajapati, the All-Father, created three
main races: the celestials, the humans and the titans, called deva,
manushya and asura in Sanskrit. They were each given one of the
three realms of the universe—the celestial world called Svarg, the
earth in the middle called Prithvi and the netherworld called Patal.’
‘The celestials were light, airy beings, bathed in light. Their home,
which they had named Indralok or Indra’s World after their leader
Indra or Sakra, was a fair realm through which they chased the
lightning, played with the thunderclouds and rode the rain. They had
everything they could possibly want. They were free from hunger,
thirst, pain and perspiration. The flower garlands that they wore
were ever fresh, and their feet did not touch the dusty ground. They
had no need to work at or toil for anything, and they would never
grow old and die. There was music and dance in their realm and
golden goblets of a honeyed drink called mead, from “madhu”, the
Sanskrit word for “honey”. They were the Immortals to whom the
ones below had to offer sacrifice to obtain their favour and
cooperation.’
‘The earthlings were an interdependent race, much weaker than
the celestials. Their home, the earth, was full of danger. They were
exposed to the fury of the five elements and the rumblings and
shakings of their terrain. Mountains rolled great boulders down on
them, and mighty rivers broke their banks during the monsoon and
washed the earthlings away with their dwellings of wattle and daub,
thatch, wood and stone. Wolves and tigers tore them apart and tiny
insects bit their skin, making them itch and scratch in pain. Sickness,
old age and death claimed each one of them. No earthling—human,
bird, beast, fish, reptile or insect—could escape that. The race of
men had to think its way through every situation and work very hard
to obtain the smallest ease or pleasure.’
‘But though they were clearly interdependent, the race of men had
proved greedy. They wanted to grab everything and hoard
everything, be it cows, gold, land or the women of their species.
They wanted more and more with every new thing. They fought and
killed each other for the smallest reasons. Their greed was not
merely for material goods. They revelled in saying and doing unkind
things merely for the spiteful pleasure of hurting each other. But
they also had the imagination to make new things that had never
been seen before. And for all its perils and pitfalls, the earth they
inhabited was so beautiful that even the celestials secretly coveted
it.’
‘The asuras or titans were a lumbering lot, gigantic in size, with
strong, simple hearts. They loved their beautiful home, Patal, which
glowed with treasures. Precious stones and minerals sparkled on the
walls, silvery underground streams cooled the air and great
iridescent serpents played with them and told them wonderful
stories. However, the asuras revelled in their own strength and they
hurt those weaker than themselves. They were marvellous beings
capable of greatness, but their fatal flaw was their temper, which
often made them cruel. Though theirs was an honourable race, too,
created to keep the universe in balance, they were so jealous of the
airy, confident celestials that they were always looking to score
points over them and plotting attacks and invasions to take over the
universe. Both the other races were wary of their violent ambition.’
‘In this complicated situation, one fine morning, the king of devas,
Indra, went by the ashram or hermitage of the sage Durvasa. Out of
respect for Indra’s position, the sage silently handed him a celestial
santanaka flower that he happened to have by him. It was infused
with the power of the vidyadharas, a race of magicians who could fly
in the air and become invisible when they chose. But Indra had a
vain moment and carelessly let the magic flower fall to the ground.
The sage, who was already famous in all three worlds for his quick-
trigger temper, let fly at Indra with a terrible curse.’
‘“Wretched, mannerless creature!” stormed the sage, “you are
unworthy of being a deva. I curse you twice over, once, to lose your
riches, and secondly, I curse you and your race to fall ill, grow old
and die like the earthlings!”’
‘Indra hurriedly begged Durvasa’s pardon and ran away but he
was not really afraid. Was he not an Immortal? However, when the
next asura attack on Svarg took place and some wounded devas
actually died in battle, Indra was terrified. The devas managed to
repel the asura attack that time but Indra knew the asuras would be
back. He went straightaway to Brahma for a solution but, alas, the
old Creator couldn’t think of one.’
‘“Let’s ask Vishnu,” said Brahma and they set out at once to
Vaikunth, Vishnu’s grand gem palace beyond the highest heaven
where he lived in lonely splendour amidst golden pillars and gauzy
clouds.’
‘Bowing respectfully low, Indra told Vishnu his troubles and
begged for help. They say that it was then that Vishnu, or Hari, as
everyone loved to call him, meaning “destroyer of evil”, first showed
his godlike form, with four arms, his hands holding the disc, the
conch, the mace and the most perfect lotus. His large, bright eyes
were as lovely as lotus petals and his shapely hands and feet glowed
as pink, while his heroic body blazed with divine light.’
‘Indra and Brahma fell to their knees, stunned by his beauty and
majesty. They looked hopefully at him.’
‘“The time has come,” said Vishnu, “to churn the Ocean of Milk at
the edge of the universe. Many things were made and hidden there
for safekeeping until their hour arrived. Nobody remembers or
knows what its waves hide. But you devas cannot churn it on your
own, the task is too big. Go speak softly to Bali, the king of the
asuras, and his generals Ilvala and Pauloma, and make the asuras
your partners. You must churn the Ocean of Milk together to dredge
up amrita, the elixir of immortality that lies hidden in it. Take Mount
Mandara as your churn, for it has the most likely shape and I will ask
my great serpent Vasuki to be your churning rope.”’
‘“Thank you, Lord. But I’m afraid the asuras are stronger than us,
they will thrash us after the prize is won from the waves and leave
us with nothing,” said Indra anxiously.’
‘“The asuras can’t be allowed to turn into Immortals. The universe
couldn’t endure their ways,” said Vishnu. “Don’t worry. I’ll be there,
won’t I?”’
‘Indra looked sideways at Brahma and back at Vishnu.’
‘“Don’t mistake me, Lord,” he said carefully, afraid of offending the
almighty Preserver. “We know we will win, how can we not, with you
on our side? But just in case something so terrible happens, that
even you can’t manage . . .”’
‘A serene smile swept across Vishnu’s face.’
‘“Then there’s always Shiva,” he said.’
‘As advised by Vishnu, Indra made his way cautiously to Patal and,
in the custom of kings, was courteously received by King Bali,
though with the hint of a swagger. Ignoring this provocation, Indra
was all cordiality, and complimented Bali on the shimmering beauty
of Patal’s treasure-inlaid walls, its silver streams and scent-laden
breeze. He humbly saluted Shukracharya, the learned and powerful
asura guru, and conveyed greetings and gifts to him from Brihaspati,
his own guru at the deva court. He presented King Bali an elephant-
load of golden jars of mead. Then Indra diplomatically persuaded
Bali to partner in the churning with artful hints about the treasures
to be obtained. That hurdle cleared, he then cunningly set about
securing an important advantage for the devas.’
‘Knowing the contrary nature of the asuras and their deep jealousy
of the devas, he airily declared that the devas would take the
serpent’s head side while churning. Ilavala and Pauloma, the asura
generals, objected at once and soon the asura assembly was in
angry uproar. So Indra pretended to give in unhappily and accept
the “inferior” tail side, which delighted the asuras. Indra went away
secretly laughing in satisfaction at having successfully negotiated
which side of the great serpent his team would hold, just as he had
intended all along!’
‘On the appointed day, the two teams first uprooted the indignant
Mount Mandara and bore it away, kicking and spewing boulders, to
the Ocean of Milk where Vasuki waited. They looped the great
serpent around Mandara, the asuras to Vasuki’s head and the devas
to Vasuki’s tail and began to churn. But they had not wound Vasuki
tightly enough and Mandara began to slip through Vasuki’s loops.
Vishnu had to hurriedly take the form of a kachhapa or giant turtle
to provide a stable base on his back for Mandara in the wildly
frothing ocean.’
The child’s mother leaned forward at this point and held out her
phone. She had found a picture of the enormous sculpture of this
very scene that adorned the glittering airport of Suvarnabhumi,
meaning ‘golden land’, at Bangkok. Everyone silently admired the
brilliance of the powerful sculpture and the guru handed back the
phone and resumed the story.
‘How many wonderful things came out of the Ocean of Milk!’
‘Ucchaisravas, the seven splendid steeds that galloped instinctively
to Indra.’
‘Airavat, the great white elephant, which meekly made its way,
too, to Indra, and raised its trunk in salute.’
‘Kamadhenu, Surabhi and Nandini, the bountiful wish-fulfilling
cows, which ran mooing joyously to the devas and the watching
sages as though to their natural protectors. The asuras barely
noticed, heaving with all their might on the other side of Mandara.’
‘The great bow Sharnga appeared and went to Vishnu, which is
why he came to be called “Sharngapani”, holder of the Sharnga. It’s
“Sharnga”, by the way, not “Saranga”, which means “dappled”, like a
deer.’
‘Some say that the beautiful dancers, the apsaras, came up from
the ocean, too, but the Srimad Bhagavatam, which is Sri Krishna’s
life story, says they were the daughters of a sage.’
‘Three rare gems came floating up—the ruby-red Kaustubh, which
went of its own accord to Vishnu to live on his chest; the glittering
white Chintamani with sparks of fire in it, a wish-fulfiller that Indra
hastily tucked into his waistband, securing his wealth for good; and
the elegant; and pale yellow Chudamani, which was to have its own
poignant adventures.’
‘A flowering tree emerged, filling the air with sweetness and
refreshing the exhausted devas and asuras. It floated over the
devas, shedding its milk white- and-coral blossoms on them before
heading to the Gandhamadana gardens in Indralok.’
‘A shining, handsome young figure rose up next, holding a golden
pot. It was the divine healer, Dhanvantari, carrying the amrita or
sudha, the elixir of immortality. A roar of triumph greeted him, but,
receiving a silent command from Vishnu, he stood aside on the
beach and signalled to the panting devas and asuras to keep
churning.’
‘The moon rose up then and soared up into the sky where it palely
hovered, clearly having decided to wait its turn.’
‘And finally, the greatest treasure of all, Lakshmi, floated up from
the ocean, causing a stunned silence to fall on all creation, which
had never seen a lovelier vision. The skies rained flowers on her and
Varuna, lord of the waters, rose up himself to hand her the
vyjayantimala, the rarest of rare garlands, made of precious gems
and flowers.’
‘Lakshmi looked around her cautiously and saw the resplendent
black form and beautiful face of Vishnu. In that awed cosmic silence,
she went straight to Vishnu, put the garland around his neck and
nestled on his broad chest next to the Kaustubh.’
‘A deep sigh went up from all around at the perfection of that
sight, at the utter beauty of the divine couple. No more was Hari
alone, he now had Sri, good fortune incarnate by his side, to bless
earth with!’
‘They turned now to the business of distributing the amrita and
such a quarrel broke out that desperate measures were called for.
Vishnu, who had already taken the form of the kachhapa, tortoise
and had also stood by directing proceedings in his godlike, four-
armed form, now rushed to take yet another form as Mohini, the
enchantress; and took up the pot of amrita, cleverly giving the devas
almost every drop of it.’
‘The asuras went back fuming, to Patal while the devas cheered
and cheered their commander and saviour, Vishnu.’
‘But Vishnu flung up a hand for silence.’
‘“Let us thank the one who saved us all,” he said and meditated
on Shiva, who appeared, smiling calmly, with Parvati by his side.’
‘“Mahadev, if you had not done what you did . . .” said Vishnu
gravely.’
‘The devas shuddered, thinking of it . . .’
‘When the churning had settled into a rhythm after Vishnu
provided a stable base for Mandara, Vasuki had been squeezed so
unbearably that he began to belch great gusts of poisonous breath.
The asuras, whom Indra had tricked into holding the head side,
suffered hideous agonies from the fumes. Vishnu had had to
summon up a strong breeze to clear the air and cleanse the sky.’
‘But Nature had its own inscrutable laws by which every action
had consequences and the churning had required them to take a
great risk with nature. There came another, even deadlier danger
that no one had anticipated.’
‘What had happened was that Vasuki’s poison had stirred up an
even greater poison, the Kalakuta or Halahala, out of the depths of
the ocean. It rose up in a foul gust, darkening the sky and
threatening to destroy every living creature in all three worlds.’
‘Nobody knew what to do about it, it was so immense and
overpowering, a gigantic cloud of death that shot up into the sky
from the ocean bed and threatened to invade every pore of the
three worlds.’
‘While the universe wilted helplessly, Vishnu had prayed to Shiva
to come and save the situation. Without an instant’s delay, Shiva had
appeared, waded into the ocean, cupped his hands and—drunk up
the poison! There was nowhere in the universe to send the Kalakuta,
aptly named “the bane of death itself”. Only the Great God could
hope to tackle it and save the world. He had done so at once
without a thought for himself.’
‘So strong was the Kalakuta that it had begun to burn even Shiva
from within. But Parvati, who had followed him to the ocean, had
stopped the poison with the power of her divine earrings, the
tatankam, which bore the force of the sri chakra yantra, a power
diagram. She had touched her earrings for an extra boost of energy
and put her delicate hand on Shiva’s neck. The poison had halted
with its fire spent, and pooled in his pale throat, turning it dark blue.
Shiva was often to be hailed after that as “Nilkanth”, the one with
the blue throat. But having done this unimaginably selfless deed, he
had quietly gone back to his home on Mount Kailash . . .’
‘As Shiva stood with Parvati on the shore of the ocean, Vishnu
looked up at the moon, which patiently awaited direction after
floating up into the sky as a graceful crescent.’
‘“How cool and mild this son of the sea looks,” thought Vishnu. “It
should go to Shiva for having swallowed that world-destroying
poison without a word of protest or complaint, and quietly retreating
after that, not wanting a thing for himself. How could anyone be so
selfless? Chandra, the Moon, must go to him.”’
‘Vishnu nodded at the lovely crescent, which then sailed across to
Shiva’s head and attached itself elegantly to his topknot of wild,
matted hair. Shiva smiled and patted it in welcome.’
‘“Thank you,” he said charmingly to Vishnu.’
‘But Vishnu was not done yet. He presented the precious gem
Chudamani to Shiva to wear as a shikhamani or crest-jewel. Shiva
thanked Vishnu affectionately but since he did not really wear
jewellery like others did, he handed it to Parvati, who clipped it gaily
in her hair . . .’
‘But, Guruji,’ said the grandmother, after the guru paused to let his
listeners enjoy the elation and wonder of the moment, ‘I never knew
that the Chudamani had a connection with Shiva. I thought it was
Sita’s.’
‘You’re right, and it became Sita’s in an interesting way. Once,
when Parvati flew over the great curve of the earth, a high breeze
blew her hair about. The Chudamani that she wore as a sort of
hairclip was loosened and fell to earth. Parvati looked down to see
where it had fallen. She saw that it had landed in the garden of the
Janaka Seeradhvaj in Videha and a little girl had picked it up and
was playing with it. That little girl was Sita Vaidehi, and that’s how
she got the Chudamani. Parvati laughed when she saw who it was
and flew on, thinking, “Let her keep it.” But that’s Parvati for you.’
‘Didn’t Shiva mind?’ said the child’s mother, smiling.
‘Not in the least,’ laughed the guru. ‘He would wear only rudraksha
beads, if at all. He has no interest in finery. And we know it. While
we love to dress up the idols of every other god and goddess as
kings, queens and royal babies, we don’t dare festoon Shiva with
frills. Instead, we tiptoe carefully around him. In fact, we say
“abhishekha priyo Shiva, alankara priyo Vishnu”. This means that
Shiva loves being offered just water and bel leaves, if we can get
them, while Vishnu enjoys decoration, even if it’s just a small sprig
of aromatic tulsi leaves. So we, as devotees, can keep our offerings
to our gods as simple or grand as we want. It’s our love that they
value. That’s why it was not out of character for Parvati to let Sita
keep the precious Chudamani.’
‘Wasn’t Sita’s father’s name just “Janaka”?’ asked the child’s father.
‘Janaka was the name for a very wise and spiritually evolved ruler.
Sita’s father Seeradhvaj was one such king, which is why he was
called Janaka, it was actually a title,’ said the guru.
‘I’ve always wondered how Rama managed to keep his ring and
Sita her jewellery in exile. I thought Kaikeyi personally supervised
the removal of their royal finery before they left Ayodhya for the
forest,’ said the child’s mother.
‘That’s a good point,’ said the guru. ‘That was because nobody
could touch the jewellery that Sita brought from her father’s home,
including the Chudamani that she would one day give Hanuman to
give Rama, when Hanuman found her in Lanka. And Kaikeyi could
not take away Rama’s ring either, the one he would give Hanuman to
give Sita, because it was Janaka’s gift to him; a present from Videha,
not Ayodhya.’
‘How the details interest us even after millennia,’ marvelled the
grandmother.
‘These stories are in our very bones,’ laughed the young father,
patting his wide-eyed child’s head.
‘There’s the strangest afterword, linking the Kalakuta to the
Mahabharata as well,’ said the guru. ‘As you know, when Shiva drank
up the deadly poison, it began to burn his throat. The vish purush or
spirit of Kalakuta sprang out of Shiva weeping in shame at the
outrage he had involuntarily committed by burning Shiva’s throat
and in despair at the ferocity of his substance. So the Lord, who
wanted nothing for himself but gave things away to others, blessed
him with a boon, for it was not Kalakuta’s fault that it was so deadly.
It had lain quietly at the bottom of the ocean, not getting in
anybody’s way. It grew fierce only when fiddled with, and brought
out just as so many other things are poisonous if we stir them up
ourselves. So it couldn’t help being part of Nature’s chemical laws
and neither could the vish purush as Kalakuta’s inner spirit person.’
‘Lord Shiva granted the vish purush the boon that he would return
to Nature by being born on earth one day as the son of Drona and
would kill his father’s enemies. So the vish purush was born as
Ashvatthama; and Vishnu himself, as Sri Krishna, had to fend him
off. Ashvatthama’s spirit is said to still wander the earth, quietly and
is called out only if and when we stir up terrible world-destroying
poisons . . . like nuclear bombs, I should think.’
‘That’s horrible!’ cried the mother.
‘I feel bad for Ashvatthama,’ said the father.
‘It’s a waste of pity, if you don’t mind my saying so,’ said the guru.
‘He wasted his human birth. He was very proud and vain, and at the
same time, very much the fawning courtier to wicked Duryodhana. If
Vyasa did not pity Ashvatthama, we need not either.’
‘I find that a remarkably matter-of-fact attitude, accepting both
“good” and “bad” as just things that are,’ mused the grandfather.
‘And that there are always consequences when something is done,’
said the grandmother.
‘So now you know why Shiva’s throat is blue,’ said the guru to the
child. ‘What do you think of it all?’
‘I think our gods do a lot for us,’ said the child seriously.
3
Vipareet
‘I’ve been haunted all week by the thought that Ashvatthama is still
roaming about,’ said the child’s mother when the guru came by next.
‘Is there anything else on earth from when the gods are said to have
walked openly amidst us?’
‘The whole universe is witness to the sport of the gods,’ said the
guru mock-pompously, to make her laugh. ‘But where is the child?’
‘There’s an extra music lesson today, instead of tomorrow. She has
a friend in class whose mother will drop her home soon, we take
turns,’ said the mother.
‘Meanwhile, please won’t you tell us about witnesses on earth to
epic times?’ said the grandmother. ‘I’m longing to know, too.’
‘Of course, I will. I’m so glad to have such a question to try
answering,’ said the guru.
‘In the epics themselves, the seven most important witnesses to
Vishnu, whom he personally saved, are Prahlad, Vibhishana,
Gajendra, Draupadi, Ahalya, Arjuna and Dhruva. And on earth, there
are four things in Mathura-Vrindavan that are celebrated as being
from “before Sri Krishna’s time”, meaning he actually touched them
in the epics: the river Yamuna, Mount Goverdhan, “Brajraj”, the soil
of the Brajbhumi region, and the temple to Parvati as Devi
Katyayani.’
‘That’s a lovely swathe of sacred geography,’ said the mother.
‘What about Shiva? Are there such landmarks for him?’
‘Besides Mount Kailash, you mean?’ said the grandfather.
‘Yes, indeed. Besides Mount Kailash, there are many important
epic witnesses on earth to Shiva. Top of the mind are the rivers
Ganga and Yamuna, the twelve Jyotirlingas or ancient Shiva temples
which make a grid across India, and Chidambaram, the only place
on earth said to have witnessed his dance of joy, the Ananda
Tandava. Shiva has been worshipped at Chidambaram for over two
thousand years as “Koothan”, the Dancer, and as “Nataraja”, the
Lord of Dance,’ said the guru.
‘I want us all to go there one day,’ said the grandfather. ‘I want us
to experience these places together. It would be wonderful to see at
least a few. Please come with us if that happens, Guruji, to make it
complete for us.’
‘I certainly shall, if possible. But today, I feel I must tell you about
the first of two most endearing and wise witness to Shiva. This god
is also the most accessible deity that anyone ever had. Your
questions have made him shine in my mind. No guessing, please,
grownups! Let’s give the child a chance to guess when she gets
home,’ laughed the guru.
‘I can’t resist asking just the one thing. Is he the god about whom
some scholars made those Freudian interpretations that were in
fashion decades ago in Western scholarship?’ asked the grandfather.
‘Meaning that there was jealousy about his mother between him
and his father?’ said the grandmother, making a face. ‘One knows
that there are many dark shades to many human relationships. But
why would they want to try and force our gods through that filter?’
‘It was a passing phase out West that’s dated now. Meanwhile, the
gods shine on for us undimmed,’ said the guru.
‘Good we got that out of the way without the child around,’ said
the grandmother as the front door bell rang and the mother got up.
‘The old stories are so complex and coded that often, there’s a
huge gap between our lived reality of faith and what a commentator
says from outside about our intense inner world. It does not touch
us,’ said the child’s father. ‘I read many critical things, too, but they
seem like shadows and they lead me nowhere. In fact, I come back
with my allegiance to the gods renewed.’
‘Well, that’s what most of us seem to have done down the
centuries in the face of hostility, we’ve only grown even more
attached to the gods. It’s a staunch and stubborn love. I think it’s
worth having. The Jews have a similar love. The Old Testament says
that when the Red Sea parted to let the slave Jews escape the
Pharaoh of Egypt, one young woman actually took her lyre with her.
She was so sure god would take her safely across. What does that
say about having total faith? It’s deeply moving.
‘Think of how Vasudeva set his trembling feet with total faith in
the roaring waters of the Yamuna when she parted during that
torrential downpour to let him cross with his precious burden. Our
abiding love is what we should keep in mind as the larger picture or
deeper reality. People, with or without scholarship, have always said
things. But our religion itself exists because somebody or the other
within it kept asking questions,’ said the guru.
‘Our religion is unique in several ways. One such point is that we
do not have just one holy book. We have a library. Two, doubts and
questions were allowed right from the earliest text, the Rig Veda.
The Upanishads are full of people who asked questions—Nachiketas,
Janaka, Gargi, Bhrigu—and they all got answers. Yajnavalkya’s
answer to Janaka and Gargi are absolutely epic. We find them in the
Brihadaranyaka Upanishad.’
‘Valmiki asked Narada about a perfect man and we got the Srimad
Ramayanam. Draupadi asked questions about the law in the Kaurava
court that ring in our ears even today. Arjuna asked Krishna
questions and we got the Bhagavad Gita. Dhritarashtra asked Sanjay
what was going on in Kurukshetra and we got the story of the battle.
He also asked questions of Vidura and got the Sanat Sujatiyam. The
yaksha by the pond asked Yudhishtira questions and we got the
famous Yaksha Prashna. Yudhishtira asked Bhishma on his bed of
arrows about God and got the Vishnu Sahasra Namam. He asked
questions about good governance, too, and was duly answered.
Vyasa asked Narada why he felt depressed after composing the
Mahabharata and because of Narada’s reply that Vyasa had not
written much about Krishna in the Mahabharata, Vyasa set to work
again and composed the Srimad Bhagavatam.’
‘Vyasa taught it only to his son Shuka. But when King Parikshit,
who had but a week to live, asked Shuka Brahmam for the story, we
got the Srimad Bhagavatam, too. The Bhagavatam is called “the ripe
fruit of the Vedas made available by Shuka for all to relish its
nectar”:
nigama-kalpa-taror galitaṁ phalaṁ
śuka-mukhād amṛta-drava-saṁyutam
pibata bhāgavataṁ rasam ālayaṁ
muhur aho rasikā bhuvi bhavukāḥ’
‘Can you imagine not knowing about Dhruva, Prahlad and Gajendra?
Can you imagine not knowing about Rama and Krishna? Speaking
for myself, life would be a howling wilderness for me without them.
So I think our holiest and truest symbol, more than even the
swastika or Om, is the prashneeyam—the question mark.’
‘Questions come from intentions, don’t they?’ said the grandfather.
‘I take your point. The intention matters. You can see it in the
tone of the writing and in the way the content is presented. Our
religion certainly teaches us not to flinch from the truth. That gives
us an open door to reform. However, a critique of the gods, though
scholarly or well-written, does not automatically become “truth”. So
there’s that side as well to being “open minded”,’ said the guru.
‘A good case in point is the nineteenth-century epic poem
Meghnad Badh Kavya by Michael Madhusudan Dutt. It has nine
cantos. My Bengali friends assure me that it’s a brilliant poem. But in
it, Dutt valorizes Ravana’s son Meghnath, also known as Indrajit, and
negatively portrays Rama and Lakshmana.’
‘Why did Dutt do that? The fact is that our religion was not doing
well in the nineteenth century. Many terrible social practices had
taken root over time and ghastly superstitions harmed the people.
We mustn’t defend the indefensible but look to reform. The horror is
still not entirely over, alas. It continues to haunt our society despite
the sincere efforts of so many to change for the better. But change it
will. It’s an irreversible process.’
‘Dutt was clearly a learned, sensitive person. He had an English
education in Calcutta and rebelled against stagnant old ways. But he
did not take to fighting. This was done by so many bold, sincere
Hindu reformers across society.’
‘Not just the great and famous reformers like Ram Mohun Roy,
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar and Rabindranath Tagore but thousands
of ordinary, unknown, unsung Hindus in family after family who
made brave personal choices to set an example, to fight their own
orthodoxy, to stand up courageously against the wrath of their own
elders and the paralysing fear of “what will people say” and “who
will marry your sisters”. They did that from within society, often at
great personal cost.’
‘If it were not for all those people before us who valiantly tried to
change our society with true Shiva tattva in their heart, we would
not be sitting together so comfortably today or have whatever
freedoms we now have. So it would be churlish and ungrateful to
kick the ladder we climbed.’
‘But this was not a choice that Dutt made. Instead, he took what
may look like a shortcut or an escape route to us, though to him it
may have seemed the only available path to personal modernity
Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
de Cataluña. Conocedor de la patria en cuyo seno había tenido la
dicha de nacer, creyó que sus frailunas vestiduras eran el uniforme
más seductor para acaudillar aventureros, y al igual de las cortantes
armas puso la imagen del crucificado. En los campos de batalla, fuera
de alguna ocasión solemne, llevaba el látigo en la mano y la cruz en e
cinto; pero al entrar en las poblaciones colgaba el látigo y blandía la
cruz, incitando a todos a que la besaran. Esto hacía en aque
momento, avanzando por la plazuela. Su mulo no podía romper sino a
fuerza de cabezadas y tropezones la muralla de devotos patriotas, y él
afectando una seriedad más propia de mascarón que de fraile, echaba
bendiciones. El demonio metido a evangelista no hubiera hecho su
papel con más donaire. Viéndole, fluctuaba el ánimo entre la risa y un
horror más grande que todos los horrores. Los tiempos presentes no
pueden tener idea de ello, aunque hayan visto pasar fúnebre y
sanguinosa una sombra de aquellas espantables figuras. Sus
reproducciones posteriores han sido descoloridas, y ninguna ha tenido
popularidad, sino antes bien, el odio y las burlas del país.
Cuando el bestial fraile, retrato fiel de Satanás ecuestre, llegó junto
al grupo de que hemos hablado, recibió las felicitaciones de las tres
personas que lo formaban, y él les hizo saludo marcial alzando e
Crucifijo hasta tocar la sien.
—Bienvenido sea el padre Marañón —dijo el jefe de la Comisión
militar acariciando las crines del mulo, que aprovechó tal coyuntura
para detenerse—. ¿A dónde va tanto bueno?
—Hombre..., también uno ha de querer ver las cosas de gusto —
replicó el fraile—. ¿A qué hora será eso mañana?
—A las diez en punto —contestó Regato—. Es la hora mejor.
—¡Cuánta gente curiosa!... No me han dejado rezar, seño
Chaperón —añadió el fraile, inclinándose como para decir una cosa
que no debía oír el vulgo—. Usted, que lo sabe todo, dígame: ¿conque
es cierto que se nos marcha el príncipe?
—¿Angulema? Ya va muy lejos, camino de Francia. ¿Verdad, padre
Marañón, que no nos hace falta maldita?
—¿Pues no nos ha de hacer falta, hombre de Dios? —dijo el fraile
soltando una carcajada que asemejó su rostro al de una gárgola de
catedral despidiendo el agua por la boca—. ¿Qué va a ser de nosotros
sin figurines? Averigüe usted ahora cómo se han de hacer los
chalecos y cómo se han de poner las corbatas.
Los tres y otros intrusos que oían rompieron a reír, celebrando e
donaire del Trapense.
—Queda de general en jefe el general Bourmont.
—Por falta de hombres buenos, a mi padre hicieron alcalde —dijo
Chaperón—. Si Bourmont se ocupara en otra cosa que en coge
moscas, y se metiera en lo que no le importa, ya sabríamos tenerle a
raya.
—Me parece que no nos mamamos el dedo —repuso el fraile—. Y
me consta que Su Majestad viene dispuesto a que las cosas se hagan
al derecho, arrancando de cuajo la raíz de las revoluciones. Dígame
usted, ¿es cierto que se ha retractado en la capilla?
—¿Quién, Su Majestad?
—No, hombre, Rieguillo.
—De eso se trata. El hombre está más maduro que una breva. ¿No
va usted por allá?
—¿Por la capilla?... No me quedaré sin meter mi cucharada... Ahora
no puedo detenerme: tengo que ver al obispo para un negocio de
bulas, y al ministro de la Guerra para hablarle del mal estado en que
están las armas de mi gente... Con Dios, señores... ¡arre!
Y echó a andar hacia la calle de Toledo, seguido del entusiasta
cortejo que le vitoreaba. Chaperón, después de dar las últimas
órdenes a los aparejadores y de volver a observar el efecto de la bella
obra que se estaba ejecutando, marchó con sus amigos hacia la calle
Imperial, por donde se dirigieron todos a la cárcel de Corte. En la
plazuela había también gente, de esa que la curiosidad, no la
compasión, reúne frente a un muro detrás del cual hay un reo en
capilla. No veían nada, y sin embargo, miraban la negra pared, como
si en ella pudiera descubrirse la sombra, o si no la sombra, misterioso
reflejo del espíritu del condenado a muerte.
Los tres amigos tropezaron con un individuo que apresuradamente
salía de la Sala de Alcaldes.
—¡Eh!, no corra usted tanto, señor Pipaón —gritole el de la
Comisión militar—. ¿A dónde tan a prisa?
—Hola, señores, salud y pesetas —dijo el digno varón
deteniéndose—. ¿Van ustedes a la capilla?...
—No hemos de ser los últimos. ¿Qué tal está mi hombre?...
—Van a darle de comer... Una mesa espléndida, como se
acostumbra en estos casos. Con que, señor Chaperón, seño
Regato...
—¡A dónde va usted que más valga! —dijo Chaperón deteniéndole
por un brazo—. ¿Hay trabajillo en la oficina?
—Yo no trabajo en la oficina, porque estoy encargado de los
festejos para recibir al rey —repuso Bragas con orgullo.
—¡Ah!, no hay que apurarse todavía.
—Pero no es cosa de dejarlo para el último día. No preparamos una
función chabacana como las del tiempo constitucional, sino una
verdadera solemnidad regia, como lo merecen el caso y la persona de
Fernando VII. El carro en que ha de verificar su entrada se está
construyendo. Es digno de un emperador romano. Aún no se sabe s
tirarán de él caballos o mancebos vistosamente engalanados. Es
indudable que llevarán las cintas los voluntarios realistas.
—Pues se ha dicho que nosotros tiraríamos del carro —dijo Romo
con énfasis, como si reclamara un derecho.
—Ahí tiene usted un asunto sobre el cual no disputaría yo —insinuó
Regato blandamente—. Yo dejaría que tiraran caballos o mulas.
—Ya se decidirá, señores, ya se decidirá a gusto de todos —dijo
Bragas con aires de transacción—. Lo que me trae muy preocupado
es que..., verán ustedes..., me he propuesto presentar ese día
doscientas o trescientas majas lujosamente vestidas. ¡Oh! ¡qué bonito
espectáculo! Costará mucho dinero ciertamente; pero ¡qué precioso
efecto! Ya estoy escogiendo mi cuadrilla. Doscientas muchachas
bonitas no son un grano de anís. Pero yo las tomo donde las
encuentro..., ¿eh? De los trajes se encarga el Ayuntamiento... Me han
dado fondos. ¡Caracoles!, es una cuestión peliaguda... Espero lucirme.
—Este Pipaón es de la piel de Satanás... ¿De dónde va a sacar ese
mujerío?
—Yo daría la preferencia a los arcos de triunfo —dijo Romo—. Es
mucho más serio.
—¿Arcos?... ¡Si ha de haber cuatro! Por cierto que el seño
Chaperón nos ha hecho un flaco servicio llevándose para la horca los
grandes mástiles que sirven para armar arcos de triunfo.
—Hombre, por vida del Santísimo Sacramento —dijo Chaperón
mostrando un sentimiento que en otro pudiera haber sido bondad—
ya servirán para todo. Pues qué, ¿vamos a ahorcar a media España?
—Entre paréntesis, no sería malo... Conque ahora sí que me voy de
veras.
Estrechó Pipaón sucesivamente la mano de cada uno de sus tres
amigos.
—Ya nos veremos luego en las oficinas de la Comisión.
—Pues qué, ¿hay algo nuevo?
—Hombre, no se puede desamparar a los amigos.
—¡Recomendaciones! —vociferó el brigadier mostrando su fiereza
—. Por vida del Santísimo, que eso de las recomendaciones y las
amistades me incomoda más que la evasión de un prisionero. Así no
hay justicia posible, señor Pipaón; así la justicia, los castigos y las
purificaciones no son más que una farsa.
El terrible funcionario se cruzó de brazos, conservando fuertemente
empuñado el símbolo de su autoridad.
—Es claro —añadió Romo por espíritu de adulación—, así no hay
justicia posible.
—No hay justicia —repitió Regato como un eco del cadalso.
—Amigo Chaperón —dijo el astuto Bragas con afabilidad y
desviando un poco del grupo al comisario para hablarle en secreto—
cuando hablo de amigos me refiero a personas que no han hecho
nada contra el régimen absoluto.
—Si, buenos pillos son sus amigos de usted.
—No es más sino que al pobre don Benigno Cordero le está
molestando la policía de Zaragoza, y es posible que lo pase mal. Ya
recordará usted que don Benigno dio cien onzas bien contadas porque
se le comprendiera en el secreto del 2 de octubre fechado en Jerez
Acogiéndose a la proscripción, se libraba de la cárcel y quizás de la
horca... Pues en Zaragoza me le han puesto en un calabozo. Eso no
está bien...
—Bueno, bueno —dijo Chaperón disgustado de aquel asunto
También Romo me ha recomendado a ese Cordero.
Romo no dijo una palabra, ni abandonó aquella seriedad que era en
él como su mismo rostro.
—Por última vez, señores, adiós —chilló Bragas—, ahora sí que me
voy de veras.
—Abur.
Dirigiéronse a la puerta de la cárcel por la calle del Salvador; pero
les fue preciso detenerse, porque en aquel momento entraba una
cuerda de presos. Iban atados como criminales que recogiera en los
caminos la antigua Hermandad de Cuadrilleros, y por su traje
ademanes, y más aún por el modo de expresar su pena, debían de
pertenecer a distintas clases sociales. Los unos iban serenos y con la
frente erguida; los otros abatidos y llorosos. Eran veintidós entre
varones y hembras, a saber: tres patriotas de los antiguos clubs, dos
ancianos que habían desempeñado durante el régimen caído el cargo
de vocales del Supremo Tribunal de Justicia, un eclesiástico, dos
toreros, cuatro cómicos, un chico de siete años, descalzo y roto, tres
militares, un indefinido, como no se le clasificara entre los pordioseros
una señora anciana que apenas podía andar, dos de buena edad y
noble continente, que pertenecían a clase acomodada, y dos mujeres
públicas.
Chaperón echó sobre aquella infeliz gente una mirada que bien
podía llamarse amorosa, pues era semejante a las del artista
contemplando su obra, y cuando el último preso (que era una de las
damas de equívoca conducta) se perdió en el oscuro zaguán de la
prisión, rompió por entre la multitud curiosa y entró también con sus
amigos.
V
En los días sucesivos tuvo don Patricio los mismos deseos de salir
si bien, a excepción de una vez, no fueron tan ardientes; pero hubo
gritos, amenazas, volvió a funcionar el inocente palo y la carcelera a
desplegar las armas de su convincente piedad, de la graciosa entereza
que tan buenos efectos produjera el primer día. Horas enteras pasaba
el vagabundo patriota, corriendo de un ángulo a otro de la sala, como
enjaulada bestia, deteniéndose a veces para oír los ruidos de la calle
que a él le sonaban siempre como discursos, proclamas o himnos, y
poniéndose a cada rato el sombrero como para salir. Este acto de
cubrirse primero y descubrirse después, al caer en la cuenta de su
encierro, era gracioso, y excitaba la risa de su amable guardiana. En la
comida y cena mostrábase más manso, y se ponía con cierto orgullo
las prendas de vestir que Sola le arreglara. Desde la cabeza a los pies
cubríase con lo perteneciente al antiguo dueño de la casa, de cuya
adaptación no resultaba gran elegancia, a causa de la diferencia de
talle y estatura.
Por las noches daba a Soledad lección de escritura, poniendo en
ella tanto cuidado la discípula como el maestro. Él, particularmente
mostraba una prolijidad desusada, esmerándose en transmitir a su
alumna sus altos principios caligráficos, la primorosa maestría de
ejecución que poseía y de que estaba tan orgulloso.
—Desde que el mundo es mundo —decía observando los trazos
hechos por Soledad sobre el papel pautado—, no se han dado
lecciones con tanto esmero. Hanse reunido, para producir colosales
efectos, la disposición innata de la discípula y la destreza del maestro
Ahora bien, señora y carcelera mía: la justicia y el agradecimiento
piden que en pago de este beneficio me conceda usted la libertad, que
es mi elemento, mi vida, mi atmósfera.
—Bueno —respondió Sola—, cuando sepa escribir te abriré la
puerta, viejecillo bobo.
En los primeros días de noviembre estuvo muy tranquilo, apenas
dio señales de persistir en su diabólica manía, y se le vio reír y aun
modular entre dientes alegres cancioncillas; pero el 7 del mismo mes
llegaron a su encierro, no se sabe cómo (sin duda por el aguador o la
indiscreta criada), nuevas del suplicio de Riego, y entonces la
imaginación mal contenida de don Patricio perdió los estribos. Furioso
y desatinado, corría por toda la casa gritando:
—¡Esperad, verdugos, que allá voy yo también! No será él solo..
Esperad, hacedme un puesto en esa horca gloriosa... ¡Maldito sea e
que quiera arrancarme mis legítimos laureles!
Soledad tuvo miedo; mas sobreponiéndose a todo, logró contenerle
con no poco trabajo y riesgo, porque Sarmiento no cedía como antes a
la virtud del palo, ni oía razones, ni respetaba a la que había logrado
con su paciencia y dulzura tan gran dominio sobre él. Pero al fin
triunfaron las buenas artes de la celestial joven, y Sarmiento
acorralado en la sala, sin esperanzas de lograr su intento, hubo de
contentarse con desahogar su espíritu poniéndose de rodillas y
diciendo con voz sonora:
—¡Oh tú, el héroe más grande que han visto los siglos, patriarca de
la libertad, contempla desde el cielo donde moras esta alma atribulada
que no puede romper las ligaduras que le impiden seguirte! Preso
contra todo fuero y razón; víctima de una intriga, me veo imposibilitado
de compartir tu martirio, y con tu martirio tu galardón eterno. Y
vosotros, asesinos, venid aquí por mí si queréis. Gritaré hasta que mis
voces lleguen hasta vuestros perversos oídos. Soy Sarmiento, el digno
compañero de Riego, el único digno de morir con él; soy aque
Sarmiento cuya tonante elocuencia os ha confundido tantas veces; e
que no os ha ametrallado con balas, sino con razones; el que ha
destruido todos vuestros sofismas con la artillería resonante de su
palabra. Aquí estoy, matad la lengua de la libertad, así como habéis
matado el brazo. Vuestra obra no está completa mientras yo viva
porque mientras yo aliente se oirá mi voz por todas partes diciendo lo
que sois... Venid por mí. La horca está manca: falta en ella un cuerpo
No será efectivo el sacrificio sin mí. ¿No me conocéis, ciegos? Soy
Sarmiento, el famoso Sarmiento, el dueño de esa lengua de acero que
tanto os ha hecho rabiar... ¿No daríais algo por taparle la boca? Pues
aquí le tenéis... Venid pronto... El hombre terrible, la voz destructora de
tiranías, callará para siempre.
Todo aquel día estuvo insufrible en tal manera, que otra persona de
menos paciencia y sufrimiento que Solita le habría puesto en la calle
dejándole que siguiera su glorioso destino; pero se fue calmando, y un
sueño profundo durante la noche le puso en regular estado de
despejo. Habíale traído Soledad tabaco picado y librillos de papel para
que se entretuviese haciendo cigarrillos, y con esto y con limpiar la
jaula de un jilguero pasaba parte de la mañana. Sentándose después
junto a la huérfana mientras esta cosía, hablablan largo rato y
agradablemente de cosas diversas. Uno y otro contaban cosas
pasadas: Sarmiento sus bodas, la muerte de Refugio y la niñez de
Lucas; Sola su desgraciado viaje al reino de Valencia.
Continuaban las lecciones de escritura por las noches, y después
leía el anciano un libro de comedias antiguas que de la casa de
Cordero trajo Sola. Cuidaba esta de que en la vivienda no entrase
papel ninguno de política, y siempre que el anciano pedía noticias de
los sucesos públicos, se le contestaba con una amonestación
acompañada a veces de un ligero pellizco. Poco a poco iba
acomodándose el buen viejo a tal género de vida, y sus accesos de
tristeza o de rabia eran menos frecuentes cada día. Su carácter se
suavizaba por grados, desapareciendo de él lentamente las asperezas
ocasionadas por un fanatismo brutal, y la irritación y acritud que en é
produjera la gran enfermedad de la vida, que es la miseria. A las
ocupaciones no muy trabajosas de hacer cigarrillos y cuidar el pájaro
añadió Soledad otras que entretenían más a Sarmiento. Como no
carecía de habilidad de manos y había herramientas en la casa, todos
los muebles que tenían desperfectos y todas las sillas que claudicaban
recibieron compostura. En la cocina se pusieron vasares nuevos de
tablas; después nunca faltaba una percha que asegurar, una cortina
que suspender, lámpara que colgar, lámina que mudar de sitio o
madeja de algodón que devanar.
Llegó el invierno, y la sala se abrigaba todas las noches con
hermoso brasero de cisco bien pasado, en cuya tarima ponía los pies
el vagabundo, inclinándose sobre el rescoldo sin soltar de la mano la
badila. Era notable don Patricio en el arte de arreglar el brasero, y de
ello se preciaba. Su conocimiento de la temperatura teníale muy
orgulloso, y cuando el brasero empezaba a desempeñar sus
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