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Advanced_MCQs_Transcription_Translation

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Advanced_MCQs_Transcription_Translation

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Mohan reddy
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Advanced Multiple-Choice Questions on Transcription and Translation

Transcription in Prokaryotes
1. Which of the following is the primary enzyme involved in transcription in prokaryotes?

 A) DNA Polymerase
 B) RNA Polymerase
 C) Helicase
 D) Topoisomerase

Correct Answer: B

2. What is the role of the sigma factor in prokaryotic transcription?

 A) Termination of transcription
 B) Binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter
 C) Proofreading during transcription
 D) Stabilization of mRNA

Correct Answer: B

3. Which region of a prokaryotic promoter is commonly recognized by the sigma factor?

 A) -35 and -10 regions


 B) +1 start site
 C) Shine-Dalgarno sequence
 D) TATA box

Correct Answer: A

4. In prokaryotes, transcription stops when:

 A) Rho factor binds to the RNA


 B) The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is reached
 C) A hairpin loop followed by a poly-U sequence forms
 D) A termination codon is encountered

Correct Answer: C

5. The rho-dependent termination of transcription involves:

 A) A specific sequence in the RNA


 B) The Shine-Dalgarno sequence
 C) The absence of the sigma factor
 D) The binding of Rho protein to DNA

Correct Answer: A

Transcription in Eukaryotes
1. What is the primary RNA polymerase responsible for transcribing mRNA in eukaryotes?

 A) RNA Polymerase I
 B) RNA Polymerase II
 C) RNA Polymerase III
 D) DNA Polymerase

Correct Answer: B

2. The TATA box in eukaryotic promoters is located approximately:

 A) -10 base pairs from the start site


 B) -25 base pairs from the start site
 C) -35 base pairs from the start site
 D) -50 base pairs from the start site

Correct Answer: B

3. Which of the following is NOT a component of the eukaryotic transcription initiation


complex?

 A) TFIID
 B) RNA Polymerase II
 C) Sigma factor
 D) TBP

Correct Answer: C

4. Post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotes involves all of the following EXCEPT:

 A) Addition of a 5' cap


 B) Splicing of introns
 C) Addition of a poly-A tail
 D) Rho-dependent termination

Correct Answer: D

5. Which structure helps RNA polymerase II in elongation during eukaryotic transcription?


 A) Mediator complex
 B) TFIIH
 C) Elongator complex
 D) TFIIB

Correct Answer: C

Translation in Prokaryotes
1. The Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotic mRNA is recognized by:

 A) Ribosomal proteins
 B) 16S rRNA of the 30S subunit
 C) 23S rRNA of the 50S subunit
 D) tRNA synthetase

Correct Answer: B

2. In prokaryotic translation, the first tRNA enters at the:

 A) E site
 B) A site
 C) P site
 D) None of the above

Correct Answer: C

3. Which of the following is the role of EF-Tu in prokaryotic translation?

 A) Termination of translation
 B) Translocation of the ribosome
 C) Delivering aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome
 D) Proofreading mRNA

Correct Answer: C

4. What is the role of peptidyl transferase?

 A) Cleaving the nascent polypeptide chain


 B) Catalyzing peptide bond formation
 C) Charging tRNA with amino acids
 D) Proofreading the codon-anticodon interaction

Correct Answer: B
5. Which of the following is the energy source used during the elongation phase of
translation in prokaryotes?

 A) ATP
 B) GTP
 C) CTP
 D) UTP

Correct Answer: B

Translation in Eukaryotes
1. The eukaryotic 5' cap is recognized during translation initiation by:

 A) eIF4E
 B) eIF2
 C) eIF3
 D) EF-Tu

Correct Answer: A

2. The first amino acid in eukaryotic translation is:

 A) N-formylmethionine
 B) Methionine
 C) Valine
 D) Arginine

Correct Answer: B

3. The Kozak sequence in eukaryotic mRNA is analogous to the ___________ in prokaryotic


mRNA.

 A) Shine-Dalgarno sequence
 B) TATA box
 C) CAAT box
 D) Promoter region

Correct Answer: A

4. In eukaryotic translation, the small ribosomal subunit initially binds to:

 A) The Shine-Dalgarno sequence


 B) The 5' cap of mRNA
 C) The AUG codon
 D) The Kozak sequence
Correct Answer: B

5. During translation, the ribosome moves in the ___________ direction on the mRNA strand.

 A) 3' to 5'
 B) 5' to 3'
 C) Bidirectional
 D) Random

Correct Answer: B

Comparative and Advanced Topics


1. Which of the following features is present in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic mRNA?

 A) Polycistronic structure
 B) Shine-Dalgarno sequence
 C) 5' cap and poly-A tail
 D) Coupled transcription and translation

Correct Answer: C

2. What distinguishes transcription termination in eukaryotes from prokaryotes?

 A) Rho-independent termination occurs only in eukaryotes


 B) The presence of a polyadenylation signal in eukaryotes
 C) The requirement for helicase activity in prokaryotes
 D) The need for a TATA box in prokaryotes

Correct Answer: B

3. Which of the following factors is unique to eukaryotic translation?

 A) Ribosomal subunits
 B) EF-G
 C) eIF4E
 D) Peptidyl transferase activity

Correct Answer: C

4. Prokaryotic translation can begin before transcription is complete because:

 A) Ribosomes bind to DNA


 B) There is no nuclear membrane
 C) RNA Polymerase works faster in prokaryotes
 D) mRNA is immediately spliced
Correct Answer: B

5. The largest ribosomal RNA in eukaryotic ribosomes is:

 A) 16S
 B) 18S
 C) 23S
 D) 28S

Correct Answer: D

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